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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="21020" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.52860" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e27c18de-98bd-41e1-9354-11d49edd5d33" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-0743-2-577" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D4882E78D81B5FA394A6A156886835E4" ModsDocID="1860-0743-2-577" checkinTime="1599019521532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vinarski, Maxim V., Aksenova, Olga V. &amp; Bolotov, Ivan N." docDate="2020" docId="DE7452B181D35847A5E27BA8904167B2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoosystEvol 96(2): 577-608" docOrigin="Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.96.52860" docTitle="Radix (Radix) brevicauda" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="D4882E78D81B5FA394A6A156886835E4" lastPageNumber="577" masterDocId="D4882E78D81B5FA394A6A156886835E4" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic assessment of genetically-delineated species of radicine snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Lymnaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="608" masterPageNumber="577" pageNumber="577" updateTime="1732655424229" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1E62428AACF7E06E5DD1157749935400">Taxonomic assessment of genetically-delineated species of radicine snails (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Lymnaeidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="613368D5CFE5B51712F96E0E9532A0DD">Vinarski, Maxim V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1F619CD83EE0434BDD23911FC57EB978">Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7 / 9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia &amp; Omsk State University, 28 Adrianova Str., 644077, Omsk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="50BCEDEDDA56B3DE2268B53DF4A13FA2">Aksenova, Olga V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2B76C3268B44BBA2FC39C2E5FDDA69A5">Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography of Invertebrates, Saint-Petersburg State University, 7 / 9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034, Saint-Petersburg, Russia &amp; N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 Severnaya Dvina Emb., 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C663C08BD5F4934471F8C8DC7CE0B690">Bolotov, Ivan N.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2E324DF2B9B4CBBCADFDFA572FFB4B1C">N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 23 Severnaya Dvina Emb., 163000, Arkhangelsk, Russia &amp; Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 17 Severnaya Dvina Emb., 163002, Arkhangelsk, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="553AEABD12ACDE10D08C769A5140F521">2020</mods:date>
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<treatment id="DE7452B181D35847A5E27BA8904167B2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="167407628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE7452B181D35847A5E27BA8904167B2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE7452B181D35847A5E27BA8904167B2" lastPageNumber="577" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Lymnaeidae" scope_phylum="Mollusca" scope_subGenus="Radix">
<subSubSection id="5A34F738030017431D68A460D32C4171" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5F9C15FEF522BF69A0D3773CC791EC47" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
3.
<taxonomicName id="5AD06F5B012201A880D100C335696379" ID-CoL="4R9F7" LSID="DE7452B1-81D3-5847-A5E2-7BA8904167B2" authority="(G. B. Sowerby II, 1872)" baseAuthorityName="G. B. Sowerby II" baseAuthorityYear="1872" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Radix" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radix (Radix) brevicauda" order="Hygrophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda" subGenus="Radix">Radix (Radix) brevicauda (G.B. Sowerby II, 1872)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="060966C5FE3698C4544658D4D30FC384" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Shells of species in the genus Radix. A. Radix auricularia (28.08.2013, Kazakhstan, Karaganda Region, Suresai River; LMBI); B. R. alticola (20.06.2012, Tajikistan, a hot spring near Djelandy village; LMBI); C. R. alticola (01.07.2016, Tajikistan, a warm brook near Dzhaushangoz village; LMBI); D. R. brevicauda (Kashmir, a syntype; NHMUK); E. R. brevicauda (05.08.1948, Tajikistan, Pamir Mts., Shaimak village, in a warm spring; ZISP); F. R. euphratica (26.06.2016, Tajikistan, Dushanbe, a fountain near the President's palace; LMBI); G. R. euphratica (04.07.2016, Tajikistan, a roadside ditch near Kurban-Shakhid village; LMBI); H. R. euphratica (without date, Iraq, Bagdad; NHMUK); I. R. makhrovi, the holotype (China, Tibet, a roadside ditch west of the Lhasa River mouth; ZISP); J. R. plicatula, a probable syntype (China, Chusan, NHMUK); K. R. plicatula (26.07.2017, China, Uyghuria, Bagrash-kol' Lake; LMBI); L. R. plicatula (26.11.2014, China, Bejing, an artificial pond in the former Emperor's summer palace; LMBI). Scale bars: 2 mm (B-C, F-L), 5 mm (A, D-E, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.52860.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448267" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Fig. 3D, E</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="559048B6094A33ED4965A949158B9EC4" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological characterisation of shells and copulative apparatuses of several species in the genus Radix." pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Table 1</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBE5C7FCD498D9D90DF62E3A55D4474D" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="BFFA6E9381D1944DF5B49AD3CCE686ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="A8BCBAE1C8EF3C1A002613D2642F3874" authorityName="G.B.Sowerby II" authorityYear="1872" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Limnaea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Limnaea brevicauda" order="Hygrophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">Limnaea brevicauda</taxonomicName>
G.B. Sowerby II 1872: pl. XV, fig. 105.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4041A9CC99AD14D92D64EB9117D6180A" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="0E9017FE5D60ACD249ECFB036CEB8C11" authorityName="G.B.Sowerby II" authorityYear="1872" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Limnaea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Limnaea brevicauda" order="Hygrophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">Limnaea brevicauda</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="AF09B72B175EBFF88DC920E7C30FA6E8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.96210" author="Hanley, S" journalOrPublisher="Reeve and Co, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B48" refString="Hanley, S, Theobald, W, 1876. Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. L. Reeve and Co, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.96210" title="Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. L." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.96210" year="1876">Hanley and Theobald 1876</bibRefCitation>
: 64, pl. 158, fig. 7;
<bibRefCitation id="BC4D133FBF87AABF2A5885BD506EB5F7" author="Annandale, N" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 189" publicationUrl="http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/027/03/0137-0189.pdf" refId="B13" refString="Annandale, N, Rao, HS, 1925. Materials for a revision of the recent Indian Limnaeidae (Mollusca Pulmonata). Records of the Indian Museum 27: 137 - 189, http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/027/03/0137-0189.pdf" title="Materials for a revision of the recent Indian Limnaeidae (Mollusca Pulmonata)." url="http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/027/03/0137-0189.pdf" volume="27" year="1925">Annandale and Rao 1925</bibRefCitation>
: 157, figs 1-6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="814CD5F9E73F30B0FA5653F4B125FEB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="E436B1F165B76776FB890234D031DE29" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Lymnaea" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lymnaea (Radix) brevicauda" order="Hygrophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda" subGenus="Radix">Lymnaea (Radix) brevicauda</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="49359F772621F652781D4742EE8D3ED3" author="Subba Rao, MV" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B126" refString="Subba Rao, MV, 1989. Handbook: Freshwater Molluscs of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" title="Handbook: Freshwater Molluscs of India." year="1989">Subba Rao 1989</bibRefCitation>
: 134, figs 302, 303.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="24F93B629F19985F6879E325278BE159" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="539CB43C42F09D83C8EDB88351DA9C0E" baseAuthorityName="G. B. Sowerby II" baseAuthorityYear="1872" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Radix" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radix brevicauda" order="Hygrophila" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">Radix brevicauda</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation id="BA22C38D123A3E606DF608876A6CE6E0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 156" refId="B43" refString="Gloeer, P, Boessneck, U, 2013. Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 142: 137 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" title="Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" volume="142" year="2013">
<normalizedToken id="273744997D56F08400309F8E451906C4" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="21555D661ED7296B459A208FAFE29FF7" originalValue="Bössneck">Boessneck</normalizedToken>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 153, figs 61-63.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DC3B90D009236CBDF64B788863DBB11A" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="tl">
<paragraph id="F9E6742C9DED7A1BCF19070170E27B6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">TL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9C0DDC9E3EEE3CE78EEA26AB1009889" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
The type locality was originally stated as
<normalizedToken id="9C06817F54E318E77B95241378103119" originalValue="‘Australia’">'Australia'</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E5513FB41E7FB4B9F24E81E9F039C3A6" author="Sowerby, GB II" journalOrPublisher="Sowerby, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8209501" refId="B121" refString="Sowerby, GB II, 1872. Monograph of the genus Limnaea. In: Reeve L. Conchologia Iconica. L. Reeve and Co, London, 18, no pagination, plates 1-15. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8209501" title="Monograph of the genus Limnaea. In: Reeve L. Conchologia Iconica. L. Reeve and Co, London, 18, no pagination, plates 1 - 15." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8209501" year="1872">Sowerby 1872</bibRefCitation>
). It is, however, erroneous.
<bibRefCitation id="E2E2AAEBC894E8C78CFD24FC10B41236" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.96210" author="Hanley, S" journalOrPublisher="Reeve and Co, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B48" refString="Hanley, S, Theobald, W, 1876. Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. L. Reeve and Co, London, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.96210" title="Conchologia Indica: Illustrations of the Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. L." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.96210" year="1876">Hanley and Theobald (1876)</bibRefCitation>
gave the proper type locality: Kashmir.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="72FB4605F3A2F880947AACE0996F0EDD" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="types">
<paragraph id="1D425B0614695503BBA74CED17B2DE9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EC31340D46BB7C461A03C61452CE033" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">NHMUK. The syntypes were inspected by us.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="69E0395FC7226CAFE043A95C70FE6CDC" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="7EA4F3DBF10D91A8E66B0DC3E5999C03" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="0E6882E7F25528AE40EEA9F87E18413E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits Northern India (Kashmir), Nepal, China (Western Tibet and Himalaya Range) and, probably, Tajikistan (Pamir Mts.) [
<bibRefCitation id="092A795B83C6BAF2F26CB367664B18E4" author="Subba Rao, MV" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B126" refString="Subba Rao, MV, 1989. Handbook: Freshwater Molluscs of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta" title="Handbook: Freshwater Molluscs of India." year="1989">Subba Rao 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F981DEA7E631933FF6EFADFCDCAD52FF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 156" refId="B43" refString="Gloeer, P, Boessneck, U, 2013. Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 142: 137 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" title="Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" volume="142" year="2013">
<normalizedToken id="0598C6F94AB1AC8F38D545E206E49A87" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="7F9174FFED9FA3673334104F1784CF31" originalValue="Bössneck">Boessneck</normalizedToken>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F66F38B661E53BF08A8B6BE7BE351EAF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29451-1" author="Aksenova, OV" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B1" refString="Aksenova, OV, Bolotov, IN, Gofarov, MY, Kondakov, AV, Vinarski, MV, Bespalaya, YV, Kolosova, YS, Palatov, DM, Sokolova, SE, Spitsyn, VM, Tomilova, AA, Travina, OV, Vikhrev, IV, 2018a. Species richness, molecular taxonomy and biogeography of the radicine pond snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) in the Old World. Scientific Reports 8 (11199): 1 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29451-1" title="Species richness, molecular taxonomy and biogeography of the radicine pond snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) in the Old World." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29451-1" volume="8" year="2018 a">Aksenova et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
]. The record of this species from Tajikistan is based on numerous shells from ZISP collection (see Fig.
<figureCitation id="5CC916E0CD196B27F3370CA457DD2C32" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Shells of species in the genus Radix. A. Radix auricularia (28.08.2013, Kazakhstan, Karaganda Region, Suresai River; LMBI); B. R. alticola (20.06.2012, Tajikistan, a hot spring near Djelandy village; LMBI); C. R. alticola (01.07.2016, Tajikistan, a warm brook near Dzhaushangoz village; LMBI); D. R. brevicauda (Kashmir, a syntype; NHMUK); E. R. brevicauda (05.08.1948, Tajikistan, Pamir Mts., Shaimak village, in a warm spring; ZISP); F. R. euphratica (26.06.2016, Tajikistan, Dushanbe, a fountain near the President's palace; LMBI); G. R. euphratica (04.07.2016, Tajikistan, a roadside ditch near Kurban-Shakhid village; LMBI); H. R. euphratica (without date, Iraq, Bagdad; NHMUK); I. R. makhrovi, the holotype (China, Tibet, a roadside ditch west of the Lhasa River mouth; ZISP); J. R. plicatula, a probable syntype (China, Chusan, NHMUK); K. R. plicatula (26.07.2017, China, Uyghuria, Bagrash-kol' Lake; LMBI); L. R. plicatula (26.11.2014, China, Bejing, an artificial pond in the former Emperor's summer palace; LMBI). Scale bars: 2 mm (B-C, F-L), 5 mm (A, D-E, K)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.52860.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448267" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">3E</figureCitation>
), virtually identical with the syntypes of
<taxonomicName id="8D21B72D58F55755645475444ADAF539" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="090EDC2142B1168FD07BA7507D5D0FC8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This species has not been registered from the ex-USSR territory (
<bibRefCitation id="FF769ACA106434E6190D1514EF343753" author="Vinarski, MV" journalOrPublisher="Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" refId="B142" refString="Vinarski, MV, Kantor, YI, 2016. Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of RAS, Moscow" title="Analytical catalogue of fresh and brackish water molluscs of Russia and adjacent countries. A. N." year="2016">Vinarski and Kantor 2016</bibRefCitation>
) and hereby we, for the first time, include it in the malacofauna of the former Soviet Union. However, this record is still not corroborated genetically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C57610719D1835EA264ABF574AF7F6C4" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
The shell of
<taxonomicName id="722E74FF7D8DCFC51597D82022B8AD74" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="7FD90BBCA9490E75638558DB5E35D575" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ear-shaped, with low spire and greatly expanded aperture. Generally, in many ways, it resembles the shell of
<taxonomicName id="775A146279D5275976C512583D98AA8A" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="FBB588F13091001D09566F351A4185A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<bibRefCitation id="06FE1BF0DCD00433134FA0A0AAB7C2EF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 156" refId="B43" refString="Gloeer, P, Boessneck, U, 2013. Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 142: 137 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" title="Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" volume="142" year="2013">
<normalizedToken id="4FC0BBD355117B0429E3A135F87DB219" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="5A6883F1B15C267ACB72F4D41C2DFE6F" originalValue="Bössneck">Boessneck</normalizedToken>
(2013
</bibRefCitation>
: 153) note that there are no substantial differences between the two species, which are probable synonyms. However,
<bibRefCitation id="B81F881DC161B2A30DD1749C7FF823EC" author="Annandale, N" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Indian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 189" publicationUrl="http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/027/03/0137-0189.pdf" refId="B13" refString="Annandale, N, Rao, HS, 1925. Materials for a revision of the recent Indian Limnaeidae (Mollusca Pulmonata). Records of the Indian Museum 27: 137 - 189, http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/027/03/0137-0189.pdf" title="Materials for a revision of the recent Indian Limnaeidae (Mollusca Pulmonata)." url="http://faunaofindia.nic.in/PDFVolumes/records/027/03/0137-0189.pdf" volume="27" year="1925">Annandale and Rao (1925)</bibRefCitation>
reported the structure of the jaw and radula of
<taxonomicName id="A96F1E4A98A3EFF96E9C3FF0B4DC5FFA" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="1B20FA8662AA9476F8576E8D9BBF3B01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct from that of
<taxonomicName id="2CCF12475FB3E1EEAC8443D924700A18" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="397679A8E6C934D051F8EE2C5FB36487" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The anatomical structure of the discussed species, described and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="E9656DBCDBA26B713537D509150227E1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 156" refId="B43" refString="Gloeer, P, Boessneck, U, 2013. Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 142: 137 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" title="Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" volume="142" year="2013">
<normalizedToken id="5D7E792B4E8F307F8DB72F1440164845" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="E34977DD403AED6B501A10DDBF421B31" originalValue="Bössneck">Boessneck</normalizedToken>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
, is typical for the genus
<taxonomicName id="2C0C940B4E4626356FD8347A74C1A32D" class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Radix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radix" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D001D18457C6F1922D6E101C14E7A471" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Radix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Our molecular analysis recovered
<taxonomicName id="902B495D4E820446FA2ED3EFFA6B1964" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="73B28FD3C6E1F0EEED251EB47DAAEAA6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a species sister to
<taxonomicName id="8230276294EA62C40A1174F378ABC700" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="9C000E08E7BF3A24F1723D94411D9063" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CB980C1254963B5EBB48CB1B10F10661" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29451-1" author="Aksenova, OV" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="1 - 17" refId="B1" refString="Aksenova, OV, Bolotov, IN, Gofarov, MY, Kondakov, AV, Vinarski, MV, Bespalaya, YV, Kolosova, YS, Palatov, DM, Sokolova, SE, Spitsyn, VM, Tomilova, AA, Travina, OV, Vikhrev, IV, 2018a. Species richness, molecular taxonomy and biogeography of the radicine pond snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) in the Old World. Scientific Reports 8 (11199): 1 - 17, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29451-1" title="Species richness, molecular taxonomy and biogeography of the radicine pond snails (Gastropoda: Lymnaeidae) in the Old World." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29451-1" volume="8" year="2018 a">Aksenova et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3AC13317D2CF78912064CADABD0FA0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
We may indicate some conchological differences between
<taxonomicName id="9B8B8A7840ED6F4792AFA61AEF7C1BBC" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="2BAFB15D8B93DBBF938535C5F6E55F29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EAB7FC384268EA5361AF3FB30948EAC0" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="B0EA4B634A2A74BED8933820B2975981" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The latter species is of smaller size, the largest syntype shell is 18.1 mm (our data) and
<bibRefCitation id="1CA2509A0C7EE17BEDC4357478D70CEA" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" pagination="137 - 156" refId="B43" refString="Gloeer, P, Boessneck, U, 2013. Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species. Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 142: 137 - 156, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" title="Freshwater molluscs from Nepal and North India with the description of seven new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/142/137-156" volume="142" year="2013">
<normalizedToken id="A8CD6B8D1B6C8D018AC3048B382DDB6B" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and
<normalizedToken id="82E17F96BC962F26BFAAD1A78AE6551B" originalValue="Bössneck">Boessneck</normalizedToken>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
mention that
<taxonomicName id="D575A76AA659C022BEB3D495714D84AC" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="E9B0C5B3E170159656CC91615BECD65B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may reach 20 mm in height. Next, the columellar depression in shells of
<taxonomicName id="005D6790B41827E70B2F582469B5383E" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="9F8839815F97E8E977BB49962B1B8E7E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very prominent, whereas, in
<taxonomicName id="441B91958971A17C825DC94B48E95B62" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="53F4F87C782C99A5A547CD2F03A42C63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is typically weakly developed (compare Fig.
<figureCitation id="61D35F1ACB91F88BD3F5E06949DF4515" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. The scheme of measurements of the shell (A) and the parts of the copulatory apparatus (B). Abbreviations: SH - shell height; SW - shell width; SpH - spire height; BWH - body whorl height; AH - aperture height; AW - aperture width; PP - length of praeputium; PS - penis sheath length. A - after Vinarski (2016 b)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.52860.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448266" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">2A</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="65B62F966C78784194E8388E37F66573" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. The scheme of measurements of the shell (A) and the parts of the copulatory apparatus (B). Abbreviations: SH - shell height; SW - shell width; SpH - spire height; BWH - body whorl height; AH - aperture height; AW - aperture width; PP - length of praeputium; PS - penis sheath length. A - after Vinarski (2016 b)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.52860.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/448266" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">2D, E</figureCitation>
). Lastly, the spire whorls in
<taxonomicName id="8DD1D8BEA918EDD83B81EF0FAE55DFD8" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="B49D9227CCC0D75946938131065C7E18" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are usually flattened, while in
<taxonomicName id="1480349558843452C5B956951DC60B7D" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="8F16DB79E6236A82E0E19D3BAC90F67B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these are visibly convex and rounded.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="036289C8C19CAAE756E8CB5A156FDB6F" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" type="nomenclature remark">
<paragraph id="D746E5C2B63460B6200F6E6A0667C9B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Nomenclature remark.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="10BEE0178004CD38FD2F219D86D574F2" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">
The name
<taxonomicName id="381A23880ED9BC7F2E243F86F0EF2008" authorityName="G.B.Sowerby II" authorityYear="1872" class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Limnaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Limnaea brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="EBDA06AF56C9153308CB1C159504B68B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">Limnaea brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sowerby is the oldest available one to designate a lymnaeid species, sister to
<taxonomicName id="45A58EC04FE8302780025B6197F47F7A" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="A9962D6BB16627A2702C8F1A0E98821C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, restricted in its distribution to the Central Asia mountain regions. The taxonomic identity of
<taxonomicName id="FA3C51E3520D210FBC04E2AE0041C71F" lsidName="R. brevicauda" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="1EB5B93C66577A32CA0127E9FB547437" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as well its close affinity to
<taxonomicName id="C6EF49AA778D4F1E22E3F4CB9169ED84" lsidName="R. auricularia" pageId="0" pageNumber="577" rank="species" species="auricularia">
<emphasis id="CB4BDC48CFF82D3D8A3A2241A0C502AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="577">R. auricularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was confirmed by the inspection of the extant syntypes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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