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<document id="F1F1868A4E26284B7611640B56E71B90" ID-CLB-Dataset="25249" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4686.1.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6bae9a46-16b5-4022-9046-f404a1f1b745" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3484332" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1571037039029" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Singh, Navneet, Kirti, Jagbir Singh &amp; Datta, Harvinder Singh" docDate="2019" docId="934A87C17C122A2A33ECFE44BBCD9D00" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4686.1.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4686 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parvuspina tawaghatensis Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="146" masterDocId="6F73FFB97C132A2B337BFF98BA3E9B2E" masterDocTitle="Establishment of the new genus Parvuspina for an undescribed Lithosiini species of Asura / Miltochrista generic complex (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="146" updateTime="1698758771839" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="619B60A5B1DD93AC9FE2ABB2BFEC55E8">Establishment of the new genus Parvuspina for an undescribed Lithosiini species of Asura / Miltochrista generic complex (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="05C8CEF99B909EBF52A9E068D7B26E52" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="77FE72F682E15D5DB9E76B4C48498BB0">Singh, Navneet</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="55467CBF4C06E8808F73DB6C82EE45E3">Kirti, Jagbir Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="864D5DD8304D90A8E459FAAC719BE260">Datta, Harvinder Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="75C9A3AD999D4A83FF43092C9A073E81">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1FB8E59DD3E6CDA3CD64C51334621444">
<mods:date id="ECB9F698B68A8786307723708874B0BD">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EC2DD5162D2DF0F80D2C7F8196F57465">2019-10-14</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7434DBFB0EAF0ECE89BE5E9E96578531" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4686.1.10</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="934A87C17C122A2A33ECFE44BBCD9D00" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5928711" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159709315" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5928711" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:934A87C17C122A2A33ECFE44BBCD9D00" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/934A87C17C122A2A33ECFE44BBCD9D00" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33ECFE44B9539AD8" box="[151,877,476,503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33ECFE44B9539AD8" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" box="[151,877,476,503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<heading id="401481BB7C122A2A33ECFE44B9539AD8" bold="true" box="[151,877,476,503]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33ECFE44B9539AD8" bold="true" box="[151,877,476,503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A33ECFE44B93D9AD8" ID-CoL="BFVKQ" authority="N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,771,476,503]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Parvuspina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tawaghatensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33ECFE44BBEA9AD9" bold="true" box="[151,468,476,503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Parvuspina tawaghatensis</emphasis>
N. Singh, Kirti &amp; Datta
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32A457BE7C122A2A306BFE44B9539AD8" box="[784,877,476,502]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33ECFD9ABB7C9934" box="[151,322,514,538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33ECFD9ABB7C9934" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" box="[151,322,514,538]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
(
<figureCitation id="83D82A527C122A2A33E4FD9ABB3B9934" box="[159,261,514,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="2.[151,258,1911,1933]" captionTargetBox="[169,1416,214,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[166,1422,177,1882]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 16: Adults. 1, P. tawaghatensis, sp. nov., holotype ♂, India, Uttarakhand, Tawaghat (NZCZSI); 2, P. tawaghatensis, sp. nov., paratype ♂, India, Himachal Pradesh, Joginder Nagar (NZCZSI); 3, M. calamaria, holotype ♀, N India, Himachal Pradesh (©NHM); 4, M. dasara, type ♂, Java (©NHM); 5, M. undulata, type ♂, E India, Meghalaya (©NHM); 6, Planovalvata confusa, ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Hunli." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3484334" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3484334/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="83D82A527C122A2A326AFD9ABB049934" box="[273,314,514,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 79" captionStartId="3.[151,258,1978,2000]" captionTargetBox="[151,1381,179,1947]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1399,167,1957]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 79: Male genitalia. 7, P. tawaghatensis, sp. nov., holotype ♂, India, Uttarakhand,Tawaghat; 8, P.tawaghatensis, sp. nov., paratype ♂, India, Himachal Pradesh, Joginder Nagar; 9, holotype &amp; paratype dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3484336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3484336/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">79</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33ECFDBEBBF699A8" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33ECFDBEBBF699A8" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33ECFDBEBB059910" bold="true" box="[151,315,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="AB8B3C8A7C122A2A3244FDBEBFA79910" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2425496138" box="[319,1433,550,574]" collectingDate="2008-06-15" collectionCode="NZCZSI" collectorName="Navneet Singh" country="India" location="Tawaghat" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="H 10" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Uttarakhand" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3244FDBEBB909910" bold="true" box="[319,430,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<typeStatus id="C45888757C122A2A3244FDBEBB979910" box="[319,425,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="0DE5FD5E7C122A2A32C8FDBEBBE59913" box="[435,475,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="63F476477C122A2A329FFDBEB8239910" box="[484,541,550,574]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="D927F8357C122A2A315DFDBEB8939910" box="[550,685,550,574]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="1E3C600C7C122A2A31CEFDBEB9219910" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:934A87C17C122A2A33ECFE44BBCD9D00:1E3C600C7C122A2A31CEFDBEB9219910" box="[693,799,550,574]" country="India" name="Tawaghat" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Uttarakhand">Tawaghat</location>
,
<date id="6F5D10177C122A2A3053FDBEB9A39910" box="[808,925,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="2008-06-15">
<collectingDate id="7F19E9FF7C122A2A3053FDBEB9A39910" box="[808,925,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="2008-06-15">15.vi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="B61653017C122A2A30AAFDBEBE539910" box="[977,1133,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Navneet Singh</collectorName>
(Coll.
<collectionCode id="7DF2AE127C122A2A37CFFDBEBF2A9910" box="[1204,1300,550,574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">NZCZSI</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="4B459EAC7C122A2A3666FDBEBF719910" box="[1309,1359,550,574]" collectionCode="NZCZSI" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">H 10</specimenCode>
/5946)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="AB8B3C8A7C122A2A33ECFDD2B80A994C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2425496139" box="[151,564,586,610]" collectingDate="2008-06-15" collectionCode="NZCZSI" collectorName="Navneet Singh" country="India" location="Tawaghat" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Uttarakhand" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="C45888757C122A2A33ECFDD2BAC7994C" box="[151,249,586,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="0DE5FD5E7C122A2A327EFDD2BB0F994F" box="[261,305,586,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
, data same as holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="AB8B3C8A7C122A2A313AFDD2BBFA99A8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2425496137" collectingDate="2009-06-29" collectionCode="NZCZSI" collectorName="Navneet Singh" country="India" location="Joginder Nagar" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="H 10" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="0DE5FD5E7C122A2A313AFDD2B853994F" box="[577,621,586,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="63F476477C122A2A3100FDD2B88A994C" box="[635,692,586,610]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">India</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="D927F8357C122A2A31BAFDD2B9B7994C" box="[705,905,586,610]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="1E3C600C7C122A2A30EDFDD2BE00994C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:934A87C17C122A2A33ECFE44BBCD9D00:1E3C600C7C122A2A30EDFDD2BE00994C" box="[918,1086,586,610]" country="India" name="Joginder Nagar" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh">Joginder Nagar</location>
,
<date id="6F5D10177C122A2A3731FDD2BE81994C" box="[1098,1215,586,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="2009-06-29">
<collectingDate id="7F19E9FF7C122A2A3731FDD2BE81994C" box="[1098,1215,586,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" value="2009-06-29">29.vi.2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B61653017C122A2A37B7FDD2BF52994C" box="[1228,1388,586,610]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Navneet Singh</collectorName>
leg. (Coll.
<collectionCode id="7DF2AE127C122A2A33A0FDF6BB0599A8" box="[219,315,622,646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">NZCZSI</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="4B459EAC7C122A2A323DFDF6BB4499A8" box="[326,378,622,646]" collectionCode="NZCZSI" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">H 10</specimenCode>
/5947)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33BCFD0ABAD09838" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFD0ABAD09838" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33BCFD0ABB029984" bold="true" box="[199,316,658,682]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Externally,
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A32C7FD0BB8509984" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" box="[444,622,658,682]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Parvuspina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tawaghatensis">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A32C7FD0BB8509984" box="[444,622,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">P. tawaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely similar to the
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A300BFD0BBE3F9984" box="[880,1025,658,682]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calamaria">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A300BFD0BBE3F9984" box="[880,1025,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">M. calamaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it significantly differs due to male genital attributes. The details are discussed under the diagnosis of the genus. The females of
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A370CFD2FBEDB99E0" box="[1143,1253,694,718]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dasara">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A370CFD2FBEDB99E0" box="[1143,1253,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">M. dasara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3661FD2FBFA299E0" box="[1306,1436,694,718]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3661FD2FBFA299E0" box="[1306,1436,694,718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">M. undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also very similar to the adults of
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A316CFD43B8F199DC" box="[535,719,730,754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A316CFD43B8F599DC" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" box="[535,715,730,754]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Parvuspina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tawaghatensis">P. tawaghatensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
but both the former species are true members of genus
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3663FD42BAD09838" authority="Hubner." authorityName="Hubner." class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3663FD42BFA299DC" box="[1304,1436,730,754]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Miltochrista</emphasis>
Hübner.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33BCFCBABB6B9F74" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="description">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFCBABB6B9F74" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33BCFCBABB6C9814" bold="true" box="[199,338,802,826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Description.</emphasis>
Wing length of
<quantity id="DC1B9B327C122A2A317CFCBAB8699817" box="[519,599,802,826]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
. General body colour straw yellow to pale orange yellow. Antennae ciliated, base of antennae is ornamented with yellow scales. Forewing with basal area of costa black up to 1/5 length; a small subbasal black spot and a black discoidal spot; underside pale fuscous, except outer, inner, and marginal areas. Hindwing paler. Legs slightly darker than rest of the body; mid tibia with single pair of spurs, hind tibia with two pair of spurs. Male genitalia with uncus robust, almost equal to the length of tegumen, having two sub-basal, dorso-lateral spines; tegumen short, broad, attached to vinculum with a small stalk; vinculum slightly longer than tegumen; saccus broad U-shaped; transtilla with lobed apex; valva undivided, without any process, ending to a sharp apex, costal edge in form of s-shaped curve, ventral edge smoothly curved; vesica globular with an apical field of scobination, two cornuti present: one is large, second is smaller.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33BCFBFEBE469F50" box="[199,1144,1126,1150]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFBFEBE469F50" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" box="[199,1144,1126,1150]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33BCFBFEBB769F50" bold="true" box="[199,328,1126,1150]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species is named after its
<typeStatus id="C45888757C122A2A31F4FBFEB8839F50" box="[655,701,1126,1150]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">type</typeStatus>
locality, Tawaghat in
<collectingRegion id="D927F8357C122A2A30D3FBFEBE119F50" box="[936,1071,1126,1150]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="63F476477C122A2A3741FBFEBE4A9F50" box="[1082,1140,1126,1150]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53F9655C7C122A2A33BCFB12BBCD9D00" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFB12BB089F8C" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" box="[199,310,1162,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33BCFB12BB089F8C" bold="true" box="[199,310,1162,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Remarks.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFB36BAEF9E1C" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
1. We studied three specimens of
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3137FB37B93E9FE8" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" box="[588,768,1198,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Parvuspina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tawaghatensis">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3137FB37B93E9FE8" box="[588,768,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">P. tawaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and recorded some populational variation. In both
<typeStatus id="C45888757C122A2A3654FB36BFA69FE8" box="[1327,1432,1198,1222]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, the vesica bears an additional, very small spine along with two spines present in
<typeStatus id="C45888757C122A2A3094FB4ABE6E9FC4" box="[1007,1104,1234,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. The size of the largest spine in vesica is also variable to some extent. In one
<typeStatus id="C45888757C122A2A31FAFB6EB8E39E20" box="[641,733,1270,1294]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(H 10/5947), valva having a small indention at middle of ventral edge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFAA6BEA29E78" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" box="[199,1180,1342,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
2.
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A338CFAA7BB949E78" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" box="[247,426,1342,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Parvuspina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tawaghatensis">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A338CFAA7BB949E78" box="[247,426,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">P. tawaghatensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was published as
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3117FAA6BEA69E78" authority="(Moore) in Kirti &amp; Singh (2015)" authorityName="in Kirti &amp; Singh" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Moore" box="[620,1176,1342,1366]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calamaria">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3117FAA6B90D9E78" box="[620,819,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Lyclene calamaria</emphasis>
(Moore) in
<bibRefCitation id="7F724B267C122A2A30CFFAA6BEA69E78" author="Kirti, J. S. &amp; Singh, N." box="[948,1176,1342,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" refId="ref1969" refString="Kirti, J. S. &amp; Singh, N. (2015) Arctiid Moths of India. Vol. 1. Nature Books India, New Delhi, 205 pp." type="book" year="2015">Kirti &amp; Singh (2015)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B5C36D77C122A2A33BCFAFABBCD9D00" blockId="1.[151,1437,476,1582]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
3. At present, the genus
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A32A4FAFAB80F9E54" box="[479,561,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A32A4FAFAB80F9E54" box="[479,561,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Lyclene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of the genus
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A30E1FAFABE1A9E54" box="[922,1060,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A30E1FAFABE1E9E54" box="[922,1056,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Miltochrista</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
therefore,
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A37E3FAFBBEC09E54" box="[1176,1278,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dasara">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A37E3FAFBBEC09E54" box="[1176,1278,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">L. dasara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3677FAFBBFA89E54" authorityName="in Kirti &amp; Singh" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Moore" box="[1292,1430,1378,1402]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calamaria">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3677FAFBBFA89E54" box="[1292,1430,1378,1402]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">L. calamaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A33ECFA1FBB2A9EB0" box="[151,276,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33ECFA1FBB2A9EB0" box="[151,276,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">L. undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3228FA1FBBD79EB0" box="[339,489,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chromatica">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3228FA1FBBD79EB0" box="[339,489,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">L. chromatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are being shifted here to genus
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3030FA1EB9F19EB0" box="[843,975,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3030FA1EB9F19EB0" box="[843,975,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Miltochrista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A308DFA1FBE589EB0" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[1014,1126,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dasara" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A308DFA1FBE589EB0" box="[1014,1126,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">M. dasara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32A457BE7C122A2A370EFA1EBECC9EB3" box="[1141,1266,1414,1438]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" rank="species">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A370EFA1EBED29EB0" bold="true" box="[1141,1260,1414,1438]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">comb. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3679FA1FBFA89EB0" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[1282,1430,1414,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calamaria" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3679FA1FBFA89EB0" box="[1282,1430,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">M. calamaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A33ECFA32BB249EEC" bold="true" box="[151,282,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32A457BE7C122A2A33ECFA32BB2B9EEC" box="[151,277,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3259FA33BB999EEC" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[290,423,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undulata" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3259FA33BB999EEC" box="[290,423,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">M. undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A32CDFA32B8069EEC" bold="true" box="[438,568,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32A457BE7C122A2A32CDFA32B80D9EEC" box="[438,563,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A310BFA33B92A9EEC" box="[624,788,1450,1474]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A310BFA33B92E9EEC" authorityName="Singh &amp; Kirti &amp; Datta" authorityYear="2019" box="[624,784,1450,1474]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chromatica" status="comb. nov.">M. chromatica</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3067FA32B9A79EEC" bold="true" box="[796,921,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32A457BE7C122A2A3067FA32B9A79EEC" box="[796,921,1450,1474]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
The male genitalia of all the four species were studied by
<bibRefCitation id="7F724B267C122A2A3272FA56B8289EC8" author="Volynkin, A. V. &amp; Bucsek, K." box="[265,534,1486,1510]" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" pagination="275 - 282" refId="ref2092" refString="Volynkin, A. V. &amp; Bucsek, K. (2016) What is Lyclene dasara (Moore, 1859) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), Biologica Bulletin of Bogdan Chmelnitskiy Melitopol State of Pedagogical University, 6 (3), 275 - 282. https: // doi. org / 10.15421 / 201695" type="journal article" year="2016">Volynkin &amp; Bucsek 2016</bibRefCitation>
, with a concept of
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A31A2FA56B9159EC8" box="[729,811,1486,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A31A2FA56B9159EC8" box="[729,811,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Lyclene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3027FA56B9DE9EC8" box="[860,992,1486,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3027FA56B9DE9EC8" box="[860,992,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Miltochrista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as distinct genera. Later on,
<bibRefCitation id="7F724B267C122A2A3677FA56BAE09D24" author="Kirti, J. S. &amp; Singh N." pageId="1" pageNumber="146" refId="ref2002" refString="Kirti, J. S. &amp; Singh N. (2016) Arctiid Moths of India. Vol. 2. Nature Books India, New Delhi, 214 pp." type="book" year="2016">Kirti &amp; Singh (2016)</bibRefCitation>
advocated a broader concept for
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A313CFA6AB8F59D24" box="[583,715,1522,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Miltochrista" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A313CFA6AB8F59D24" box="[583,715,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Miltochrista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="DCE34D547C122A2A3071FA6AB9629D24" box="[778,860,1522,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Lyclene" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2997EAC57C122A2A3071FA6AB9629D24" box="[778,860,1522,1546]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="146">Lyclene</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as its junior synonym. Following the same, four new combinations are proposed here.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>