306 lines
33 KiB
XML
306 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="97ED71213C005A723655F7F1CE419EAF">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="59C9BC60281E010F4B8225489110D6CF">Figueroa, Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5B3EF3B71A8B28B0135F874C5DFAF63">Low, Martyn E. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0F9563822A30DA3E93E87068525C2F1">Lim, Kelvin K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1CAD5BB2A4553BADF53FA6104C047559">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="88502B73FF00B8EDFF6B40CC784B0A62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967918" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209661606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967918" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF00B8EDFF6B40CC784B0A62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FF00B8EDFF6B40CC784B0A62" lastPageId="155" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF00B8ECFF6B40CC7BEC08FC" box="[151,738,1941,1968]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF00B8ECFF6B40CC7BEC08FC" blockId="154.[151,1437,1941,2040]" box="[151,738,1941,1968]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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<heading id="5B0E2D09FF00B8ECFF6B40CC7BEC08FC" box="[151,738,1941,1968]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF00B8ECFF6B40CC784908E3" ID-CoL="68NH8" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[151,327,1941,1968]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF00B8ECFF6B40CC784908E3" bold="true" box="[151,327,1941,1968]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Boiga drapiezii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(H. Boie in F. Boie, 1827)—
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF00B8ECFD7140CC7BEC08FC" bold="true" box="[653,738,1941,1967]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Native.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF00B8ECFF0B40E37BC808A4" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF00B8ECFF0B40E37BC808A4" blockId="154.[151,1437,1941,2040]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF00B8ECFF0B40E37B160880" authority="H. Boie" authorityName="H. Boie" box="[247,536,1977,2004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF00B8ECFF0B40E378B90880" box="[247,439,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Dipsas Drapiezii</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF00B8ECFE3C40E37B160880" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689305" box="[448,536,1977,2004]" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="F. Boie" country="Indonesia" location="Java" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur" typeStatus="holotype">H. Boie</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FF00B8ECFDC340E37B9A0880" box="[575,660,1977,2004]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">F. Boie</collectorName>
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, 1827: 549.
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<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FF00B8ECFCDE40E07A810880" box="[802,911,1977,2003]" pageId="154" pageNumber="155" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: RMNH.RENA.1006, by original designation. Type locality: “
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<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FF00B8ECFDFF40847B3408A4" box="[515,570,2013,2039]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Java</collectingRegion>
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”,
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<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF00B8ECFDAD40847BCC08A4" box="[593,706,2013,2039]" name="Indonesia" pageId="154" pageNumber="155">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF6B47CE78270F86" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="description">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B47CE78270F86" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
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White-spotted Cat Snake (
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<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF01B8EDFF6347E2782E0F86" box="[159,288,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="362.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@362.[153,1435,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="362" captionText="FIGURE 18. A) Boiga cynodon, B) Boiga drapiezii, C) Boiga jaspidea, D) Boiga melanota, E) Coelognathus flavolineatus, F) Gongylosoma baliodeira, G) Gonyosoma oxycephalum, and H) Liopeltis tricolor. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A, D, G], Kelvin K.P. Lim [B, C, H], Norman T.-L. Lim [E], and Nick Baker [F]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960355/files/figure.png" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Figure 18B</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF6B478778760FAA" box="[151,376,222,249]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B478778760FAA" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[151,376,222,249]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B478778760FAA" bold="true" box="[151,376,222,249]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
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||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFF6B4787781E0FAB" box="[151,272,222,248]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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records.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF0B465A7A010DA2" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF0B465A7AE80E12" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFF01B8EDFF0B465A7C920E4E" box="[247,1436,259,285]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF0B465A7B2B0E4E" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[247,549,259,285]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Dipsadomorphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF0B465A7B2B0E4E" box="[247,549,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Dipsadomorphus drapiezii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF01B8EDFDBD465A7A290E4E" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[577,807,259,285]" page="74" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" year="1896">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFDBD465A7A290E4E" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[577,807,259,285]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref292500" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. III. Containing the Colubridae (Opisthoglyphae and Proteroglyphae), Amblycephalidae and Viperidae. British Museum (Natural History), London, xiv + 727 pp., 25 pls." type="book" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896: 74</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF01B8EDFCB5465A7D140E4E" author="Flower, S. S." box="[841,1050,259,285]" page="889" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" year="1896">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFCB5465A7D140E4E" author="Flower, S. S." box="[841,1050,259,285]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="856 - 914" refId="ref305802" refString="Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46." type="journal article" year="1896">Flower, 1896: 889</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(Bukit Timah [BTNR]).—Ridley,
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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1899: 209.—
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFE15467E7BD50E12" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[489,731,295,321]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref292615" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1912) A Vertebrate Fauna of the Malay Peninsula from the Isthmus of Kra to Singapore, Including the Adjacent Islands. Reptilia and Batrachia, Taylor and Francis, London, xiii + 294 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10813" type="book" year="1912">Boulenger, 1912: 171</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD02467E7AEC0E12" author="de Rooij, N." box="[766,994,295,321]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref303264" refString="de Rooij, N. (1917) The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. II. Ophidia. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xiv + 334 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10610" type="book" year="1917">de Rooij, 1917: 197</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF0B46127D390D9E" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFF01B8EDFF0B46127C930E36" box="[247,1437,330,357]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF0B461278A80E36" ID-CoL="68NH8" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[247,422,331,357]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF0B461278A80E36" box="[247,422,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Boiga drapiezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—Sworder, 1923: 67.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF01B8EDFD4F46127A800E36" author="de Haas, C. P. J." box="[691,910,330,357]" page="582" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" year="1950">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD4F46127A800E36" author="de Haas, C. P. J." box="[691,910,330,357]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="511 - 625" refId="ref302520" refString="de Haas, C. P. J. (1950) Checklist of the snakes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (Reptiles, Ophidia). Treubia, 20 (3), 511 - 625." type="journal article" year="1950">de Haas, 1950: 582</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.—Taylor, 1965: 867.—F.L.K. Lim & M.T.-M.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
Lee, 1989: 117.—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 54.—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB3746367C770EDA" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[1227,1401,367,393]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 147</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.— L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFE6B46CA7B980EFE" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[407,662,402,429]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
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||
Chou
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFE2046CA7B1B0EFE" box="[476,533,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994: 105
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
.—L.M.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD0546CA7ABB0EFE" author="Chou, L. M." box="[761,949,402,429]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="145 - 150" refId="ref297324" refString="Chou, L. M. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Chin, S. C., Corlett, R. T., Wee, Y. C. & Geh, S. Y. (Eds.), Rain Forest in the City: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, Supplement 3, pp. 145 - 150." type="journal article" year="1995">Chou, 1995: 148</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFC2B46CA7DF90EFE" author="David, P. & Vogel, G." box="[983,1271,403,429]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref301675" refString="David, P. & Vogel, G. (1996) The Snakes of Sumatra: An Annotated Checklist and Key with Natural History Notes. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt-am-Main, 260 pp." type="book" year="1996">David & Vogel, 1996: 67</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFAE446CA7C920EFE" author="Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W." box="[1304,1436,403,429]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref329083" refString="Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. (1997) Amphibien und Reptilian Sudostasien. Natur und Tier, M ¸ nster, 512 pp." type="book" year="1997">Manthey &</bibRefCitation>
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||
Grossmann, 1997: 322.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD8746EE7A6F0E82" author="Cox, M. J. & van Dijk, P. P. & Nabhitabhata, J. & Thirakhupt, K." box="[635,865,439,465]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref299700" refString="Cox, M. J., van Dijk, P. P., Nabhitabhata, J. & Thirakhupt, K. (1998) A Photographic Guide toSnakes and other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. New Holland Publishers, London, 144 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Cox
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFD4846EE7BE00E82" box="[692,750,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1998: 73
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—Chan-ard
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFC0A46EE7D3E0E82" box="[1014,1072,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1999: 30.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB3846EE7C920E82" author="Iskandar, D. T. & Colijn, E." box="[1220,1436,439,465]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref315641" refString="Iskandar, D. T. & Colijn, E. (2001) A Checklist of Southeast Asian and New Guinean Reptiles. Part I. Serpentes. Biodiversity Conservation Project (Indonesian Institute of Sciences - Japan International Cooperation Agency - The Ministry of Forestry). The Gibbon Foundation and Institute of Technology, Bandung, 195 pp." type="book" year="2001">Iskandar & Colijn,</bibRefCitation>
|
||
2001: 39.—K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD4946827A6A0EA6" author="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[693,868,475,501]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref327168" refString="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lim, 2002: 147</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 169.—T.M. Leong
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFEAB46A678810D4A" box="[343,399,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2009: 487–492 (Nee Soon Swamp Forest).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFC6946A67D300D4A" author="Das, I." box="[917,1086,511,537]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref300845" refString="Das, I. (2010) A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand and South-East Asia. New Holland, London, 376 pp." type="book" year="2010">Das, 2010: 262</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—L.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB6A46A67C770D4A" author="Grismer, L. L." box="[1174,1401,510,537]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref309689" refString="Grismer, L. L. (2011 a) Field Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago (Peninsular Malaysia). Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 239 pp." type="book" year="2011">Grismer, 2011a: 175</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.— T.M. Leong & J.W.M. Gan, 2011: 30.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 169.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB63457A7C480D6E" author="Das, I." box="[1183,1350,547,573]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref300872" refString="Das, I. (2012 a) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 160 pp." type="book" year="2012">Das, 2012a: 23</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—L.K. Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFE5D451E78D20D32" box="[417,476,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012: 249.—Stuebing
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFD13451E7A240D32" box="[751,810,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 144.—Wallach
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFBC9451E7D7E0D32" box="[1077,1136,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 103.—Chan-ard
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFA74451E787A0DD6" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2015: 209.—Thomas, Serin & I.S. Law, 2016: 1–2 (Upper Seletar [NSSF]).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB0D45327C930DD6" author="de Lang, R." box="[1265,1437,619,645]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref302593" refString="de Lang, R. (2017) The Snakes of Java, Bali and Surrounding Islands. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 435 pp." type="book" year="2017">de Lang, 2017:</bibRefCitation>
|
||
108.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFE5845D67B490DFA" author="Das, I." box="[420,583,655,681]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref300966" refString="Das, I. (2018) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of Southeast Asia. 2 nd Edition. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 176 pp." type="book" year="2018">Das, 2018: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFD9445D67A5D0DFA" author="Charlton, T." box="[616,851,655,681]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref295882" refString="Charlton, T. (2020) A Guide to Snakes of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu, viii + 299 pp." type="book" year="2020">Charlton, 2020: 143</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—I.S.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFC5845D67DAC0DFA" author="Law, I. S. & Neo, X. & Chan, D. N. & Shivaram, R." box="[932,1186,655,681]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="165 - 167" refId="ref321558" refString="Law, I. S., Neo, X., Chan, D. N. & Shivaram, R. (2020) Rediscovery of the Selangor mud snake, Raclitia indica, in Singapore. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2020, 165 - 167." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Law
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFC1C45D67D150DFA" box="[992,1051,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2020: 167
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—K.H.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFAFF45D67C920DFA" author="Koh, K. H." box="[1283,1436,655,681]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="2022036" refId="ref318906" refString="Koh, K. H. (2022) Biodiversity Record: Third recent record of white-spotted cat snake in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 15, e 2022036." type="journal article" year="2022">Koh, 2022: 1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(“north-western edge of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve”).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF0B458E7A010DA2" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[247,783,727,753]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFF0B458E78AB0DA2" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[247,421,727,753]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF0B458E78AB0DA2" box="[247,421,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Boiga drapiezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFE0E458E7A040DA2" author="Leviton, A. E. & Siler, C. D. & Weinell, J. L. & Brown, R. M." box="[498,778,727,753]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="399 - 568" refId="ref324256" refString="Leviton, A. E., Siler, C. D., Weinell, J. L. & Brown, R. M. (2018) Synopsis of the snakes of the Philippines. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 64 (14), 399 - 568." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Leviton
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFDAD458E7B870DA2" box="[593,649,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2018: 431
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF6B45A278910B66" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B45A27B510CBE" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B45A278050C46" bold="true" box="[151,267,763,789]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Having first been documented in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFD6C45A27A0C0C46" box="[656,770,763,789]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1896 by a specimen in NHMUK (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFB5745A27C6D0C46" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[1195,1379,763,789]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" refId="ref292500" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. III. Containing the Colubridae (Opisthoglyphae and Proteroglyphae), Amblycephalidae and Viperidae. British Museum (Natural History), London, xiv + 727 pp., 25 pls." type="book" year="1896">Boulenger 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and one observed in BTNR by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF01B8EDFDE344467BCF0C6A" author="Flower, S. S." box="[543,705,799,825]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" pagination="856 - 914" refId="ref305802" refString="Flower, S. S. (1896) Notes on a collection of reptiles and batrachians made in the Malay Peninsula in 1895 - 96; with a list of the species recorded from that region. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1896 (4), 856 - 914, pls. 44 - 46." type="journal article" year="1896">Flower (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFD3044467A400C6A" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[716,846,799,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFD3044467A400C6A" box="[716,846,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">B. drapiezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was rediscovered in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFBCA44467DA60C6A" box="[1078,1192,799,825]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
113 years later (Table 2) when one was found on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF01B8EDFDE2441A7BFA0C0E" box="[542,756,835,861]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" value="2009-11-14">14 November 2009</date>
|
||
at NSSF (
|
||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF01B8EDFC98441A7AC80C0E" box="[868,966,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="362.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@362.[153,1435,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="362" captionText="FIGURE 18. A) Boiga cynodon, B) Boiga drapiezii, C) Boiga jaspidea, D) Boiga melanota, E) Coelognathus flavolineatus, F) Gongylosoma baliodeira, G) Gonyosoma oxycephalum, and H) Liopeltis tricolor. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A, D, G], Kelvin K.P. Lim [B, C, H], Norman T.-L. Lim [E], and Nick Baker [F]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960355/files/figure.png" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Fig. 18B</figureCitation>
|
||
) (Leong
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFBD7441A7D6C0C0E" box="[1067,1122,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009). In between this time, very few publications included
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFD9C443E7BDC0CD2" box="[608,722,871,897]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFC70443E7D1F0CD2" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[908,1041,871,897]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFC70443E7D1F0CD2" box="[908,1041,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">B. drapiezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. After its rediscovery,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFAE4443E7C930CD2" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[1304,1437,871,897]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFAE4443E7C930CD2" box="[1304,1437,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">B. drapiezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was only reported twice more, once on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF01B8EDFD4844D27A480CF6" box="[692,838,906,933]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" value="2015-07-17">17 July 2015</date>
|
||
at NSSF (Thomas
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFBE244D27D590CF6" box="[1054,1111,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016), and more recently on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF01B8EDFF0B44F678BC0C9A" box="[247,434,943,969]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" value="2022-01-22">22 January 2022</date>
|
||
at the northwestern edge of the Central Catchment Nature Reserve. Clearly,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFAE544F67C930C9A" baseAuthorityName="Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1827" box="[1305,1437,943,969]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drapiezii">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFAE544F67C930C9A" box="[1305,1437,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">B. drapiezii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the rarest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF01B8EDFE83448A78CC0CBF" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1826" box="[383,450,979,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Boiga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFE83448A78CC0CBF" box="[383,450,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Boiga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFE1A448A7B550CBE" box="[486,603,979,1005]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B44AF78910B66" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B44AF78240B43" bold="true" box="[151,298,1014,1040]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from one museum specimen, one observation from
|
||
<quantity id="C7013780FF01B8EDFC4644AE7D030B42" box="[954,1037,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.81584" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" unit="in" value="1896.0">1896 in</quantity>
|
||
BTNR, and two recent observations in NSSF. Rare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF01B8EDFF6B4367784B0A62" pageId="155" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B43677A070B0A" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[151,777,1086,1113]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B43677B0A0B0A" bold="true" box="[151,516,1086,1113]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFF6B4367781E0B0B" box="[151,272,1086,1112]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
conservation status.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Critically Endangered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B433B7B090B2E" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[151,519,1122,1149]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B433B78AF0B2F" bold="true" box="[151,417,1122,1148]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
|
||
Highest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B43DF7BDB0BF2" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[151,725,1158,1185]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B43DF78DC0BF2" bold="true" box="[151,466,1158,1185]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Least Concern [2013].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B43F37C260B96" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[151,1320,1194,1221]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B43F37ACF0B97" bold="true" box="[151,961,1194,1221]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
LKCNHM & NHMUK Museum specimens.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFD5643F37A2D0B97" box="[682,803,1194,1220]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(no locality):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BMNH 1882.11.27.5 (no date).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B43977A390BBA" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" box="[151,823,1230,1257]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B43977B840BBB" bold="true" box="[151,650,1230,1257]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFEE2439778990BBB" box="[286,407,1230,1256]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
museum specimens.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
No specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF01B8EDFF6B43AB784B0A62" blockId="155.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF01B8EDFF6B43AB78830A5F" bold="true" box="[151,397,1266,1292]" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF01B8EDFF6B43AB781E0A5F" box="[151,272,1266,1292]" name="Singapore" pageId="155" pageNumber="156">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
localities.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—Central Catchment Nature Reserve—Nee Soon Swamp Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |