335 lines
33 KiB
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335 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4a0f1338-3873-4a8f-affd-5ba3e335ade7" ID-PMC="PMC7494662" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-966-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200" ID-PubMed="32982546" ID-ZooBank="B18DEB582C8F4F95B7EF3BECC9F4D4B7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-966-57" checkinTime="1599731061580" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Runyon, Justin B." docDate="2020" docId="08F5193DA7655E7C917D9B03CE71115D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 966: 57-151" docOrigin="ZooKeys 966" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192" docTitle="Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200" masterDocTitle="The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of Montserrat, West Indies" masterLastPageNumber="151" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1668169452387" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Dolichopodidae (Diptera) of Montserrat, West Indies</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Runyon, Justin B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1648 S. 7 th Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA & Montana Entomology Collection, Montana State University, Room 50 Marsh Laboratory, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0271-0511</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jrunyon@montana.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>966</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>57</mods:start>
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<mods:end>151</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.966.55192</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-966-57</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B18DEB582C8F4F95B7EF3BECC9F4D4B7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9E8EAAF1A28A5D6BA36B2D363A1BA200</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="167581902" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BA1E88D1-F0B5-4F72-B2DA-462C39498D26" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08F5193DA7655E7C917D9B03CE71115D" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName LSID="08F5193D-A765-5E7C-917D-9B03CE71115D" authority="sp. nov." class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus interfrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interfrons">Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov.</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. habitus of holotype male, left lateral. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450948" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figs 24</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Heads of males, anterodorsal views A Chrysotus flavipes (Aldrich) (Dominica) B Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. (Montserrat) C Chrysotus parvulus (Aldrich) (Montserrat). Note differences in width of frons and enlargement of ommatidia. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450949" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 25</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. male terminalia, left lateral. Abbreviations: epand-epandrium; ep lobe-epandrial lobe; hypand ap-hypandrial apodeme. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450950" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 26</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Holotype</emphasis>
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, ♂ labelled: "MONTSERRAT:/ Cedar Ghaut/ 04AUG2005, V. G./ Martinson, D. Hughley/ Yellow Pan Trap"; "HOLOTYPE/ ♂
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus</emphasis>
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/
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">interfrons</emphasis>
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/ Runyon [red label]" (USNM, type number USNMENT01350615).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Montserrat
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</emphasis>
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: 1 ♂, Woodlands, Riverside House, 5-7 January 2002, Malaise trap, Ivie, Marske & Puliafico; 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Hope Ghaut, 8-10 January 2002, yellow pan trap, K.A. Marske; 1 ♂, Cassava Ghaut, 877 ft,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="45.75" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.7625">16°45.75'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="12.47" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.207832">62°12.47'W</geoCoordinate>
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, fogging at dawn, K. Marske & J. Boatswain; 1 ♂, Beattie House, 21-30 June 2002, uv light, M.A. Ivie; 2 ♂, Fogarty Ghaut (Soldiers),
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="46.41" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.7735">16°46.41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="12.44" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.207333">62°12.44'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 21 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 1 ♂, Runaway Ghaut, 175 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="45.43" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.757166">16°45.43'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="12.89" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-62.214832">62°12.89'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 23 June 2017, J.B. Runyon; 1 ♂, Fairy Walk River, 260 m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="45.162" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="16.7527">16°45.162'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="10.854" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-62.1809">62°10.854'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 26 June 2017, J.B. Runyon (MTEC, USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Male</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. habitus of holotype male, left lateral. Scale bar: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450948" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">24</figureCitation>
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). Body length 2.7-2.8 mm, wing length 2.2-2.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width 0.9-1.1 mm.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Head</emphasis>
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: Face recessed, ca. 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as high as wide, nearly rectangular but very slightly narrowed below middle, ca. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as frons, metallic green cuticle almost completely obscured by yellowish white pruinosity. Frons (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Heads of males, anterodorsal views A Chrysotus flavipes (Aldrich) (Dominica) B Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. (Montserrat) C Chrysotus parvulus (Aldrich) (Montserrat). Note differences in width of frons and enlargement of ommatidia. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450949" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">25B</figureCitation>
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) narrowed above with narrowest width subequal to width of anterior ocellus, dark metallic green mostly obscured by white to yellowish white pruinosity. Palpus narrowly oval, pale yellow with a few small black setae. Proboscis dark yellow, with very fine brown hairs along margin. Antenna brown-yellow; first flagellomere small, truncated-triangular, two-thirds as long as high; arista-like stylus arising from median-apical sinus. Postocular setae pale yellow, uppermost four or five becoming brown; ventral postcranium with ca. four pale yellow setae per side that are longer than postocular setae.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Scutum and scutellum dark metallic green with weak copper and blue reflections and sparse light brown pruinosity that is denser on anterior and lateral slopes; setae on scutum light brown to black; seven pairs of biseriate acrostichal setae; six pairs of dorsocentral setae, anterior-most pair small; scutellum with one pair of large marginal setae and one pair of very small setae just lateral to larger setae. Pleuron dark brown with metallic blue reflections and moderately dense gray pruinosity; 1-3 yellow setae on lower proepisternum; upper proepisternum bare.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Legs</emphasis>
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: Yellow, except most of coxa II, basal half or more of coxa III and 5th segment of tarsi brown. Anterior surface of coxa I with scattered, rather long yellow to brown setae; coxa II with scattered yellow to brown setae on anterior surface and large ad yellowish seta near 1/2; coxa III with large yellowish lateral seta near base. Femora I and II with pv row of brown setae (length <width of femur), those distally longest; femur III anteriorly and posteriorly with one or two erect yellow setae near base. Tibia I without distinctive setae but setae along ventral surface slightly longer (length subequal to width of tibia), finer, and usually paler than those on dorsal surface; tibia II with very small brown to black ad seta near 1/5 (length <width of tibia), sometimes a trace of a pd seta near 1/2, and 2 larger brown ventral setae at apex; tibia III with small ad seta near 1/5, usually larger pd seta near 2/5, 3/5, near tip, and very small pd seta near 1/6. Tarsi with pulvilli enlarged, on tarsus I slightly larger than tarsomere 5, less enlarged on tarsi II and III; tarsal claws absent on all legs. Ratios of tibia:tarsomeres: leg I: 36-22-10-5-4-4; leg II: 42-24-11-7-3-4; leg III: 50-16-13-8-5-4.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Wing</emphasis>
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: Hyaline, broadly elliptical with well-developed anal lobe, veins brown. R2+3 straight, slightly and evenly diverging from R4+5. R4+5 and M1 nearly parallel beyond crossvein dm-cu. Crossvein dm-cu slightly less than half as long as last part of CuA1. Calypter yellow with yellow to light brown setae. Halter knob and stem light yellow.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: Cylindrical, metallic green with bronze reflections, sides of tergite II and basal sternites yellow. Setae of tergites brown to black, sternites with longer usually yellow setae. Tergite VI bare except one distolateral seta at lower margin. Sternite VIII with ca. eight brownish setae of various sizes, the largest two or three only slightly larger than setae along margins of tergites. Hypopygium (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. male terminalia, left lateral. Abbreviations: epand-epandrium; ep lobe-epandrial lobe; hypand ap-hypandrial apodeme. Scale bar: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450950" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">26</figureCitation>
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) small, brown, positioned in ventral notch at tip of abdomen. Hypopygial foramen lateral but positioned relatively far posteriorly and near dorsal edge. Epandrium brown, ventrally with small spine-like projection where phallus emerges; with broad ventroapical lobe that is subquadrate apically with ca. three small setae. Surstylus elongate, rounded ventrally, shining brown, with strong apical cylindrical seta with rounded tip that is subtended by a smaller seta. Cercus digitiform with slightly pointed apex, brownish yellow, with numerous stiff yellow to brown setae especially along basal half of dorsal margin. Phallus narrow with apex round; sheath of phallus membranous, slightly expanded subapically with a small tooth in membrane. Postgonites rounded apically with some microtrichia. Hypandrial apodemes rather long and narrow.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Female.</emphasis>
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Body length 2.8 mm, wing length 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width 0.9 mm. Similar to male, but face and frons with blue-violet reflections and yellow-brown pruinosity that is denser along eyes; frons as wide as face; clypeus distinct and forming lower one-third of face; palpus broader with a few more setae; antenna slightly shorter and more rounded distally; femora I and II with pv row of setae smaller and indistinct basally; femur III without erect setae near base; pulvilli not enlarged; wing tinged with brown; tarsal claws present on all legs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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This species is named for the relative width of the frons in males which is intermediate to males of the closely related species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Aldrich) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus parvulus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Aldrich) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Heads of males, anterodorsal views A Chrysotus flavipes (Aldrich) (Dominica) B Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. (Montserrat) C Chrysotus parvulus (Aldrich) (Montserrat). Note differences in width of frons and enlargement of ommatidia. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450949" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">25</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Montserrat.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus interfrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interfrons">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus interfrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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forms a closely related group with two other West Indian species that have to date been treated in the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diaphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diaphorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, these species do not fit in the current definition of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diaphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diaphorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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proposed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Robinson, H" editor="McAlpine, JF" journalOrPublisher="Agriculture Canada Monograph" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="625 - 639" refId="B68" refString="Robinson, H, Vockeroth, JR, 1981. Dolichopodidae [Chapter 48]. In: McAlpine, JF, Peterson, BV, Shewell, GE, Teskey, HJ, Vockeroth, JR, Wood, DM, Eds., Manual of Nearctic Diptera (Vol. 1). Agriculture Canada Monograph 27: 625 - 639" title="Dolichopodidae [Chapter 48]." volume="27" volumeTitle="Manual of Nearctic Diptera (Vol. 1)." year="1981">Robinson and Vockeroth (1981)</bibRefCitation>
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since they lack setae on the upper proepisternum, black calypteral setae, a completely bare tergite VI, and four to eight long strong setae on sternite VIII (see discussion in
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2520.1.2" author="Capellari, RS" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="49 - 65" refId="B20" refString="Capellari, RS, Amorim, DS, 2010. Re-description and new combination of five New World species of Chrysotus Meigen, with comments on the Neotropical genus Lyroneurus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae). Zootaxa 2520: 49 - 65, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2520.1.2" title="Re-description and new combination of five New World species of Chrysotus Meigen, with comments on the Neotropical genus Lyroneurus Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2520.1.2" volume="2520" year="2010">Capellari and Amorim 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Aldrich" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diaphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorus parvulus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diaphorus parvulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Aldrich was transferred to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9607" author="Becker, T" journalOrPublisher="Kansas University Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B4" refString="Becker, T, 1922. Dipterologische Studien, Dolichopodidae. B. Nearktische und Neotropische Region. Abhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wein (1921) 13(1): 1-394. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9607" title="Dipterologische Studien, Dolichopodidae. B. Nearktische und Neotropische Region. Abhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wein (1921) 13 (1): 1 - 394." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.9607" year="1922">Becker (1922</bibRefCitation>
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, page 170), an act that has been largely overlooked.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Aldrich" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Diaphorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diaphorus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diaphorus flavipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Aldrich is herein moved to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1824" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aldrich) comb. nov.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus mundus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mundus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus mundus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loew) is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the two are possibly conspecific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus interfrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interfrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus interfrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most easily separated from West Indian members of this group by the narrow frons (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Heads of males, anterodorsal views A Chrysotus flavipes (Aldrich) (Dominica) B Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. (Montserrat) C Chrysotus parvulus (Aldrich) (Montserrat). Note differences in width of frons and enlargement of ommatidia. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450949" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">25</figureCitation>
|
||
); additional characters distinguishing these related species are given in Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Characters distinguishing males of the closely related Chrysotus flavipes (Aldrich), C. interfrons sp. nov., and C. parvulus (Aldrich)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/971509774111FBFB499A660DC231E138" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableUuid="971509774111FBFB499A660DC231E138">3</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. parvulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. parvulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are widespread in the Lesser Antilles, and both occur on Dominica (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.185" author="Robinson, H" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="1 - 141" refId="B67" refString="Robinson, H, 1975. Bredin-Archbold-Smithsonian Biological Survey of Dominica, the family Dolichopodidae with some related Antillean and Panamanian species (Diptera). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 185: 1 - 141, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.185" title="Bredin-Archbold-Smithsonian Biological Survey of Dominica, the family Dolichopodidae with some related Antillean and Panamanian species (Diptera)." url="https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.185" volume="185" year="1975">Robinson 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Grenada (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Aldrich, JM" journalOrPublisher="Kansas University Science Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="75 - 94" refId="B3" refString="Aldrich, JM, 1902. Dolichopodidae of Grenada, W.I. Kansas University Science Bulletin 1: 75 - 94" title="Dolichopodidae of Grenada, W. I." volume="1" year="1902">Aldrich 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and St. Vincent (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Aldrich, JM" editor="Williston, SW" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="309 - 345" refId="B1" refString="Aldrich, JM, 1896. Dolichopodidae; Phoridae. In: Williston, SW, Ed., On the Diptera of St. Vincent (West Indies). Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1896: 309 - 345" title="Dolichopodidae; Phoridae." volume="1896" volumeTitle="On the Diptera of St. Vincent (West Indies)." year="1896">Aldrich 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. flavipes" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is absent on Monserrat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450948" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus interfrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interfrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus interfrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. habitus of holotype male, left lateral. Scale bar: 1.0 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450949" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 25" startId="F25">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 25.</emphasis>
|
||
Heads of males, anterodorsal views
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aldrich) (Dominica)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus interfrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interfrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus interfrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. (Montserrat)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus parvulus" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus parvulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aldrich) (Montserrat). Note differences in width of frons and enlargement of ommatidia. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450950" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus interfrons" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interfrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus interfrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. male terminalia, left lateral. Abbreviations: epand-epandrium; ep lobe-epandrial lobe; hypand ap-hypandrial apodeme. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="971509774111FBFB499A660DC231E138" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/971509774111FBFB499A660DC231E138" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Table 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Characters distinguishing males of the closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aldrich),
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. interfrons" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interfrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. interfrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. parvulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. parvulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Aldrich).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">Character</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Chrysotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysotus flavipes" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chrysotus flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. interfrons" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="interfrons">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. interfrons</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. parvulus" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="parvulus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. parvulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
Frons (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Heads of males, anterodorsal views A Chrysotus flavipes (Aldrich) (Dominica) B Chrysotus interfrons sp. nov. (Montserrat) C Chrysotus parvulus (Aldrich) (Montserrat). Note differences in width of frons and enlargement of ommatidia. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.966.55192.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/450949" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">25</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">obliterated by contiguous eyes</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">narrow</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">as wide as face</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">Face shape</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">height subequal to width</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
height ca. 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
width
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
height ca. 1.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
width
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">Ommatidia</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">dorsal facets greatly enlarged</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">dorsal facets slightly enlarged</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">dorsal facets not enlarged</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">
|
||
Size
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">ad</emphasis>
|
||
seta on tibia II
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">small (length <width of tibia)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">small (length <width of tibia)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rowspan="1">large (length> width of tibia)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |