162 lines
13 KiB
XML
162 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.33052" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b456505-e03b-4408-995b-f3bbe0040bd6" ID-PMC="PMC6517363" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-842-67" ID-PubMed="31130806" ID-ZBK="5C159D6518C0423E8173BB93FF217D60" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1313-2970-842-67" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 842" ModsDocTitle="A review of Aulacospira Möllendorff, 1890 and Pseudostreptaxis Möllendorff, 1890 in the Philippines (Gastropoda, Pupilloidea, Hypselostomatidae)" checkinTime="1557277107352" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pall-Gergely, Barna, Schilthuizen, Menno, Oerstan, Aydin & Auffenberg, Kurt" docDate="2019" docId="F8054E4AD9B528F6F779C9A97354600D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 842: 67-83" docOrigin="ZooKeys 842" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.33052" docTitle="Pseudostreptaxis harli Pall-Gergely & Schilthuizen, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7EE8FD8F-207C-4232-B191-92DE71936462" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FF83FFFCFFF94816953B5F56D11F5B36" masterDocTitle="A review of Aulacospira Moellendorff, 1890 and Pseudostreptaxis Moellendorff, 1890 in the Philippines (Gastropoda, Pupilloidea, Hypselostomatidae)" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1668167215845" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of Aulacospira Moellendorff, 1890 and Pseudostreptaxis Moellendorff, 1890 in the Philippines (Gastropoda, Pupilloidea, Hypselostomatidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pall-Gergely, Barna</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schilthuizen, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Oerstan, Aydin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Auffenberg, Kurt</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>842</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>67</mods:start>
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<mods:end>83</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.33052</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.33052</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-842-67</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">5C159D6518C0423E8173BB93FF217D60</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">5C159D6518C0423E8173BB93FF217D60</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="157063272" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7EE8FD8F-207C-4232-B191-92DE71936462" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F8054E4AD9B528F6F779C9A97354600D" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/7EE8FD8F-207C-4232-B191-92DE71936462" authority="Pall-Gergely & Schilthuizen" class="Gastropoda" family="Hypselostomatidae" genus="Pseudostreptaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostreptaxis harli" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harli">
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Pseudostreptaxis harli
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
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& Schilthuizen
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="9" pageNumber="76">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–E">B-E</normalizedToken>
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, 5B
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="9" pageNumber="76" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="76">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="9" pageNumber="76">
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Palawan Province, El Nido Municipality, Shimizu Island, Panaustard (?) leg. J Harl, 15 Feb 2009, NHMW 113033 (holotype); same data, NHMW 113034/3 photographed paratypes (Fig. 4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
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), HNHM 103477/5 paratypes; PGB/10 paratypes, SMF 351762/3 paratypes; REI/43 paratypes; Palawan Province, El Nido Municipality, Miniloc Island,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="11.146">11.146N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="119.313">119.313E</geoCoordinate>
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, sieved from litter under
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="77" start="start">neath</pageBreakToken>
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limestone cliff, leg. M Schilthuizen, 18 Mar 2018, TxEx-PA0003-45, RMNH.MOL.340315/30 paratypes, PGB/60 paratypes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="77" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Shell globular, protoconch spirally striated, teleoconch roughly wrinkled and spirally striated; aperture with a single parietal tooth that sometimes consists of two tubercles; aperture adnate to penultimate whorl.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="77" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="77">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="77">
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Shell globular (0.95-1.15 times as wide as high) with bulging whorls and deep suture; in some specimens penultimate whorl narrowed, somewhat similarly to that of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Pseudostreptaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostreptaxis azpeitiae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="10" pageNumber="77" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="azpeitiae">Pseudostreptaxis azpeitiae</taxonomicName>
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; colour light brownish-greyish to dark purple; entire shell consists of 4-4.5 whorls; protoconch consisting of ca. 1.25 whorl, finely granulose and spirally striated; teleoconch finely granulose, with some fine, irregular wrinkles and with dense, hardly visible spiral striation; aperture oblique to shell axis, aperture rounded; peristome thickened and expanded, especially in the basal and columellar direction; parietal callus weak, appears as a lime layer on the penultimate whorl; parietal tooth (lamella) elevated, deeply situated, relatively long, in some specimens consisting of two tubercles, which might indicate that it is homologous with the parieto-angular lamella; no other apertural barriers present; umbilicus open but very narrow, showing only the last whorl, mostly covered by expanded peristome.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="78" start="start">Measurements</pageBreakToken>
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(in mm).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">H = 2.6-3.0, D = 2.9-3.1 (n = 2).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Pseudostreptaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostreptaxis azpeitiae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="azpeitiae">Pseudostreptaxis azpeitiae</taxonomicName>
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has a keeled penultimate whorl resulting in a shell shape reminiscent of the
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<taxonomicName family="Streptaxidae" lsidName="" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" rank="family">Streptaxidae</taxonomicName>
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. Moreover, the new species has a single parietal tooth, while
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Pseudostreptaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostreptaxis azpeitiae" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="azpeitiae">Pseudostreptaxis azpeitiae</taxonomicName>
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possesses 4-5 apertural barriers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Remarks on shell shape.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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This new species is placed in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Pseudostreptaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostreptaxis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pseudostreptaxis</taxonomicName>
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because of the rounded body whorl, which is keeled in
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Aulacospira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aulacospira" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Aulacospira</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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The shell of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. harli" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" rank="species" species="harli">P. harli</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is unusually
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“spherical”">"spherical"</normalizedToken>
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. To obtain a uniform linear distribution, the shell shape may be expressed as the angle obtained by taking the inverse tangent of the ratio D/H (
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<bibRefCitation author="Oerstan, A" journalOrPublisher="Abhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Goerlitz" pageId="13" pageNumber="80" url="https://doi.org/10.1101/275636" year="2018">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Örstan">Oerstan</normalizedToken>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The distribution of the shell shape angles (ε) thus obtained against the mean greater shell dimensions (GSD, the larger of the shell height or diameter) for 2134 pulmonate genera (Fig. 6) forms one major cluster of flat (ε> 50°) shells and at least three smaller clusters of tall (ε <40°) shells. In addition, there is a diffuse cluster of approximately 30 roughly equiaxial and small genera within the approximate ranges of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ε">ε</normalizedToken>
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= 44°-49° and GSD = 1.5-5 mm (Fig. 6, arrow). The mean shell values (ε = 46°, GSD = 3.03 mm) for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Gastrocoptidae" genus="Pseudostreptaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudostreptaxis harli" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="harli">Pseudostreptaxis harli</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. place this species in the latter cluster. The genera in this cluster, being members of eight families, form a phylogenetically diverse group. The evolutionary convergence of these small genera on a similar shell shape suggests that they and any individual species that may be included in this cluster, including
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. harli" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" rank="species" species="harli">P. harli</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., share a unique biological trait that has enabled them to overcome the opposing selective forces that have prevented more species to evolve equiaxial shell shapes.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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Figure 6. Kernel density distribution of shell shape angles (ε) against the mean greater shell dimensions (GSD) for 2134 pulmonate genera. The kernel density increases from blue through green and yellow to red colours. Arrow points at the diffuse cluster of approximately 30 roughly equiaxial genera within the approximate ranges of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ε">ε</normalizedToken>
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= 44°-49° and GSD = 1.5-5 mm and within which
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. harli" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" rank="species" species="harli">P. harli</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (circle) is located.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="79" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="79">This species is known from two adjacent tiny islands (Miniloc and Shimizu) on the northeastern coast of Palawan (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="79">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="79">This new species is named after Josef Harl, a friend of the first author, who first collected this new species and provided it for study.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |