161 lines
18 KiB
XML
161 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.207.3040" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ce40ce1e-3d56-473b-8f35-25bc3c78845b" ID-PMC="PMC3409682" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-207-11" ID-PubMed="22855638" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-207-11" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 207" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic studies on genus Tetramorium Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with report of two new species and three new records including a tramp species from India with a revised key" checkinTime="1451248905700" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bharti, Himender & Kumar, Rakesh" docDate="2012" docId="E60B4C9D36B19AABA7A59F653D2BE3CE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 207: 11-35" docOrigin="ZooKeys 207" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.207.3040" docTitle="Tetramorium triangulatum sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="E526A91B44252121FFA201775120FFDB" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic studies on genus Tetramorium Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with report of two new species and three new records including a tramp species from India with a revised key" masterLastPageNumber="35" masterPageNumber="11" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1668154142739" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic studies on genus Tetramorium Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) with report of two new species and three new records including a tramp species from India with a revised key</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bharti, Himender</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kumar, Rakesh</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>207</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>11</mods:start>
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<mods:end>35</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.207.3040</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.207.3040</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-207-11</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152036317" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E60B4C9D36B19AABA7A59F653D2BE3CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E60B4C9D36B19AABA7A59F653D2BE3CE" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8552E147-02EF-4E82-B8FE-F95A80A2694D" authority="sp. n." class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum sp. n.</taxonomicName>
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Figs 412
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">
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Worker, India, Himachal Pradesh, Andretta,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="32.036636">32.036638°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="76.56653">76.566532°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 940m alt., soil core, 19 June 2010, coll. R. Kumar, PUPAC.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="16" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">15(q), India, Punjab, Patiala, 250m alt., soil core, 13 July 1999, coll. H. Bharti; 25(m), India, Punjab, Patiala, 250m alt., soil core, 13 July 1999, coll. H. Bharti; 1(w), India, Uttarakhand, Assan Barrage, 440m alt., soil core, 10 May 2009, coll. R. Kumar; 46(w), India, Himachal Pradesh, Andretta, 940m alt., soil core, 19 June 2010, coll. R. Kumar; 7(m), India, Himachal Pradesh, Andretta, 940m alt., soil core, 19 June 2010, coll. R. Kumar; 10(q), India, Himachal Pradesh, Andretta, 940m alt., soil core, 19 June 2010; coll. R. Kumar; PUPAC and two paratype will be deposited in BMNH.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="16" type="worker description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">Worker description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">Measurements. Holotype worker. HL 0.60, HW 0.52, SL 0.38, EL 0.03, WL 0.63, PW 0.37, PSL 0.07, PTL 0.14, PPL 0.20, PTW 0.19, PPW 0.21, PTH 0.21, PPH 0.19, CI 86.67, OI 5.77, SI 73.08, PSLI 11.67, PeNI 51.35, LPeI 66.67, DPeI 135.71, PpNI 56.76, LPpI 105.26, DPpI 105.00, PPI 110.53.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="16">Paratype workers. HL 0.53-0.60, HW 0.45-0.52, SL 0.32-0.38, EL 0.03, WL 0.57-0.63, PW 0.31-0.37, PSL 0.07, PTL 0.12-0.14, PPL 0.17-0.20, PTW 0.16-0.19, PPW 0.19-0.21, PTH 0.19-0.21, PPH 0.16-0.19, CI 84.91-86.67, OI 5.77-6.67, SI 71.11-75.00, PSLI 11.67-13.21, PeNI 50.00-51.61, LPeI 63.16-70.00, DPeI 121.43-135.71, PpNI 56.76-61.76, LPpI 89.47-106.25, DPpI 105.00-123.53, PPI 110.53-123.53 (8 measured).</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="16">
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Head longer than broad, sides weakly convex or almost straight with rounded posterolateral corners, broader posteriorly than anteriorly; posterior head margin straight; clypeus convex with steep apical half; anterior margin of clypeus with a na
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="17" start="start">rrow</pageBreakToken>
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transverse plate like fringe and somewhat impressed medially; mandibles triangular with 7 teeth, masticatory margin of mandibles with large apical and preapical tooth; third tooth slightly smaller than the preapical tooth followed by 4 denticles; frontal lobes weakly developed, frontal area indistinct; antennal scrobes absent; eye small in size, located laterally and below mid-length of head, composed of single ommatidium; antennae slender, 12-segmented; scape not reach to posterior head margin and 0.63
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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head length; mesosoma slightly longer than head, broader anteriorly than posteriorly, dorsum flat, tapering backwards; pro-mesonotal suture and metanotal groove indistinct; propodeal spine short (PSL 0.07mm), triangular, acute, divergent and slightly longer than propodeal lobes; propodeal lobes triangular and acute; posterior declivity of propodeum short, concave; petiolar node as broad as long in dorsal view; weakly convex dorsum in lateral view; peduncle short, with a
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="18" start="start">large</pageBreakToken>
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, straight lamella ventrally; postpetiole broader than long, base of first gastral tergite concave behind the postpetiole, anterolateral corners prominent and projecting forward as a pair of blunt teeth or horns which go round the sides of the posterior portion of the postpetiole, gaster oval.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="18">Head longitudinally rugulose, interrugal space somewhat granular, punctured and shiny; frontal carinae very short, ending in front of the level of the eyes; mandibles longitudinally rugulose and finely punctured; clypeus longitudinally carinate and these carinae continued to head sculpture; dorsum of mesosoma longitudinally rugulose and interrugal space somewhat granular, punctured; sides of mesosoma finely rugo-reticulate; petiole and postpetiole mostly smooth with traces of rugosity; propodeal declivity with traces of fine transverse rugosity, base of first gastral tergite longitudinally rugulose; legs smooth except coxae faintly punctured.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="19">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="19" start="start">Body</pageBreakToken>
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yellowish brown; whole body coveredwith long and short, erect and suberect pilosity; antennal scapes and hind tibiae with short suberect hairs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="19" type="queen description">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="19">Queen description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="19">Measurements. HL 0.67-0.71, HW 0.62-0.63, SL 0.42-0.44, EL 0.17-0.19, WL 0.94-0.98, PW 0.57-0.59, PSL 0.13-0.14, PTL 0.14-0.19, PPL 0.24-0.25, PTW 0.23-0.27, PPW 0.30-0.32, PTH 0.28-0.30, PPH 0.27-0.30, CI 88.73-92.54, OI 26.98-30.16, SI 67.74-69.84, PSLI 18.31-19.72, PeNI 38.98-45.76, LPeI 50.00-63.33, DPeI 135.29-171.43, PpNI 50.85-54.24, LPpI 83.33-88.89, DPpI 125.00-128.00, PPI 118.52-130.43 (3 measured).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="19">Similar to the worker in structure, sculpture and pilosity except the following characters (besides characters related to wings): eyes large in size, head with three ocelli.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="19" type="male description">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="19">Male description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="19">
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Measurements. HL 0.50-0.52, HW 0.46-0.48, SL 0.23-0.24, EL 0.23, WL 1.02-1.05, PW 0.66-0.69, PTL 0.14-0.16, PPL 0.21-0.24, PTW 0.21-0.23, PPW 0.27-0.28, PTH 0.23-0.24, PPH 0.23-0.25, CI 92.00-92.31, OI 47.92-50.00, SI
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<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="20" start="start">50.00</pageBreakToken>
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, PeNI 31.82-34.33, LPeI 58.33-69.57, DPeI 131.25-164.29, PpNI 39.13-42.42, LPpI 84.00-104.35, DPpI 112.50-133.33, PPI 117.39-133.33 (3 measured).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">
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Head slightly longer than broad, sides convex, posterior head margin convex, with three ocelli; mandibles with well developed 5 pointed teeth but in few specimens large apical teeth followed by series of denticles; clypeus convex and its anterior margin entire, convex with a narrow transverse plate like fringe and not impressed medially; frontal lobes reduced; antennae 10-segmented; scape short and not reach to posterior head margin and almost 0.46
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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times head length; apical segment longer and twice of preapical segment, followed by 4 segments as long as broad; then followed by a segment slightly longer than broad; antennal segment attached to pedicel much longer and almost equal to apical segment which then followed by a small segment (smaller than all flagellar segments); antennal scrobes absent; eyes large, convex, situated laterally and more towards lower half of head; pronotum broader than head with rounded anterior lateral angles; mesoscutum and mesoscutellum flat; propodeal dorsal face flat and oblique with vertical declivitous part; propodeal spines absent; propodeal lobes almost rounded; petiole longer, almost 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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times its width, with a ventral lamella along its entire length; Postpetiole broader than long; gaster convex, elongate, oval; longer legs.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">Head and clypeus longitudinally rugulose and spaces between them punctured; mandibles punctured, frontal carinae continued to the posterior ocelli; dorsum and sides of mesosoma smooth and shiny except propodeum; propodeum finely longitudinally rugulose and punctured; node of petiole, postpetiole, gaster and legs smooth and shiny except few trace of sculpture on sides of node of petiole; wings transparent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">Body yellowish brown with 1st gastral tergite much darker and area of ocelli blackish; body covered with short and long suberect pilosity.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">The specific epithet refers to the triangular propodeal spines.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="20" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">This species is uncommon in the Shivalik range of the north-western Himalaya and was collected from soil.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. belongs to the inglebyi-species group (
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<bibRefCitation author="Bolton, B" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology" pageId="20" pageNumber="31" pagination="67 - 151" title="The ant tribe Tetramoriini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The genus Tetramorium Mayr in the Oriental and Indo-Australian regions, and in Australia." volume="36" year="1977">Bolton 1977</bibRefCitation>
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) which is apparently restricted to India and is easily characterized by antennae 12-segmented, appendage of sting triangular or dentiform, frontal carinae absent or very short, not reaching the level of the anterior margin of the eyes, eyes small, reduced to a single ommatidium in myops, antennal scrobes absent, base of first gastral tergite strongly concave in dorsal view, the anterolateral angles of the sclerite angular, produced as a short tubercles or tooth on each side of the posterolateral corners of the postpetiole.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="20">
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This new species is close to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium myops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">Tetramorium myops</taxonomicName>
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Bolton as both species possess short frontal carinae, minute eyes, peduncle with ventral lamella and an medially impressed anterior clypeal margin. However, this new species can be easily distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium myops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">Tetramorium myops</taxonomicName>
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by the following combination of characters:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. has short propodeal spines (PSL 0.07mm), triangular and divergent, peduncle with a large and straight lamella ventrally, dorsum of mesosoma longitudinally rugulose, base of first gastral tergite longitudinally rugulose, while in case of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium myops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">Tetramorium myops</taxonomicName>
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the propodeal spines are long and upcurved along their length, the peduncle with a large rounded and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="21" start="start">convex</pageBreakToken>
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lamella ventrally, dorsum of mesosoma with longitudinal rugulae and reticulation, base of first gastral tergite with vestiges of superficial sculpture. Some of the other significant characters of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. which differentiate it from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium myops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">Tetramorium myops</taxonomicName>
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are: head broader posteriorly with straight sides and SI 71.11-75.00 versus head with convex sides and SI 77.00-83.00 in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium myops" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myops">Tetramorium myops</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="21">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="21">
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Figures 4-6.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., Worker: 4 Head, full-face view 5 Body, lateral view 6 Body, dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="21">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="21">
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Figures 7-9.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., Queen: 7 Head, full-face view 8 Body, lateral view 9 Body, dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="21">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="21">
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Figures 10-12.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetramorium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tetramorium triangulatum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangulatum">Tetramorium triangulatum</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., Male: 10 Head, full-face view 11 Body, lateral view 12 Body, dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |