834 lines
81 KiB
XML
834 lines
81 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3725717" ID-GBIF-Dataset="309b7d1b-0d42-4503-be63-fd13a9b29045" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3725717" approvalRequired="3" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="1" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1585056864201" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Currie, Philip J." docDate="2003" docId="B97187EFFFC24A13FCE4FD5B7F0DFEAC" docLanguage="en" docName="Currie2003.pdf.imd" docOrigin="Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (2)" docSource="https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app48/app48-191.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Nanotyrannus lancensis Bakker et al. 1988" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="224" masterDocId="4548FF97FFE24A31FFC8FFC37E63FFD2" masterDocTitle="Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada" masterLastPageNumber="226" masterPageNumber="191" pageNumber="223" updateTime="1649756692468" updateUser="jeremy">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Currie, Philip J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Palaeontologica Polonica</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2003</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2003-12-31</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>48</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>191</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>226</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app48/app48-191.pdf</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.3725717</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">309b7d1b-0d42-4503-be63-fd13a9b29045</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3725717</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3729615" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190303025" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3729615" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B97187EFFFC24A13FCE4FD5B7F0DFEAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B97187EFFFC24A13FCE4FD5B7F0DFEAC" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[812,1100,663,688]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[812,1485,663,2026]" box="[812,1100,663,688]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[812,1097,663,688]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[812,1097,663,688]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="224" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[812,1485,663,2026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1131,1481,664,688]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1131,1274,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">N. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gilmore, C. W." box="[1298,1472,664,688]" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="1 - 19" part="106" refId="ref24966" refString="Gilmore, C. W. 1946. A new carnivorous dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Montana. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 106: 1 - 19." title="A new carnivorous dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Montana" type="journal article" year="1946">Gilmore, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, originally described as
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gilmore" authorityYear="1946" box="[1067,1321,696,720]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1067,1321,696,720]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Gorgosaurus lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, was proposed as a separate genus by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bakker, R. T. & Williams, M. & Currie, P. J." box="[1062,1267,728,752]" journalOrPublisher="Hunteria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="1 - 30" part="1" refId="ref24053" refString="Bakker, R. T., Williams, M., and Currie, P. J. 1988. Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana. Hunteria 1 (5): 1 - 30." title="Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana" type="journal article" year="1988">Bakker et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. It is represented by the only known skull (
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375301" box="[1060,1171,759,783]" collectionCode="CM" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" specimenCode="CM 7541" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode box="[1060,1171,759,783]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">CM 7541</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
), which is less than 600 mm long, and is smaller in most dimensions than the immature
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">G. libratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TMP 91.36.500). However, the back of the skull is consistently wider in the Maastrichtian genus, with a maximum width across the postorbitals of 210mm.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus lancencis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is almost certainly an immature tyrannosaurid that is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1016,1182,950,973]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1016,1182,950,973]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the higher number of maxillary teeth suggest that it might be easily distinguishable from the latter genus if mature specimens were found.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carr, T. D." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="497 - 520" part="19" refId="ref24210" refString="Carr, T. D. 1999. Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19: 497 - 520." title="Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)" type="journal article" year="1999">Carr (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has demonstrated that the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1305,1461,1046,1069]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1305,1461,1046,1069]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an immature individual. However, many of the characters he cites as indicators of immaturity (such as the elongate proportions of the antorbital fenestra, the length of the orbital notch, and the height of the dentary) are in fact simply a consequence of the small size of the specimen and may not have any real ontogenetic significance. The presence of immature bone grain is in itself sufficient to indicate that the specimen was a juvenile.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Rozhdestvensky, A. K." box="[923,1195,1299,1323]" journalOrPublisher="Paleontologiceskij zurnal" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="95 - 109" part="1965" refId="ref26251" refString="Rozhdestvensky, A. K. 1965. Growth changes in Asian dinosaurs and some problems of their taxonomy [in Russian]. Paleontologiceskij zurnal 1965: 95 - 109." title="Growth changes in Asian dinosaurs and some problems of their taxonomy" type="journal article" year="1965">Rozhdestvensky (1965)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carpenter, K." box="[1216,1416,1299,1323]" editor="N. Mateer & P. - J. Chen" journalOrPublisher="China Ocean Press, Beijing" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="250 - 268" refId="ref24161" refString="Carpenter, K. 1992. Tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria) of Asia and North America. In: N. Mateer and P. - J. Chen (eds.), Aspects of Nonmarine Cretaceous Geology, 250 - 268. China Ocean Press, Beijing." title="Tyrannosaurids (Dinosauria) of Asia and North America" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Aspects of Nonmarine Cretaceous Geology" year="1992">Carpenter (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carr, T. D." journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="497 - 520" part="19" refId="ref24210" refString="Carr, T. D. 1999. Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19: 497 - 520." title="Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)" type="journal article" year="1999">Carr (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and others have suggested that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1245,1380,1331,1355]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1245,1380,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">N. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an immature
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[899,967,1363,1386]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[899,967,1363,1386]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">T. rex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The thorough analysis done by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carr, T. D." box="[1352,1485,1362,1386]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="497 - 520" part="19" refId="ref24210" refString="Carr, T. D. 1999. Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19: 497 - 520." title="Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)" type="journal article" year="1999">Carr (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
makes it clear that most of the characters used to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[812,968,1427,1450]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,968,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1040,1443,1426,1450]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1207,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bakker, R. T. & Williams, M. & Currie, P. J." box="[1223,1435,1426,1450]" journalOrPublisher="Hunteria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" pagination="1 - 30" part="1" refId="ref24053" refString="Bakker, R. T., Williams, M., and Currie, P. J. 1988. Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana. Hunteria 1 (5): 1 - 30." title="Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana" type="journal article" year="1988">Bakker et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are simply size−related or ontogenetic differences. However, most of the characters (on page 509) used to demonstrate that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[812,968,1522,1545]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,968,1522,1545]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1028,1195,1522,1545]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1028,1195,1522,1545]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are synonymous are also characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hurum and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[961,1102,1553,1577]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[961,1102,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1156,1328,1553,1577]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1156,1328,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Dealing with the characters one at a time:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[812,1485,663,2026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">
|
||
– The nasal processes of the premaxillae are tightly appressed throughout their entire length in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1308,1478,1651,1674]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1308,1478,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and form a single tapering tip wedged between the nasals. However, most of the lengths of the nasal processes are not preserved in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1039,1198,1745,1768]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1039,1198,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[812,1485,663,2026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">
|
||
– The jugal only forms a small part of the margin of the antorbital fenestra in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1088,1258,1811,1834]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1088,1258,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1272,1431,1811,1834]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1272,1431,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the other tyrannosaurines. It is variable enough that there is at least one specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[1158,1280,1873,1897]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="32" pageNumber="223" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1158,1280,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">G. libratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TMP 91.36.500) in which the character can be coded differently on the left and right sides of the skull.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="32.[812,1485,663,2026]" pageId="32" pageNumber="223">– The nasal makes a small but variable contribution to the antorbital fossa in all tyrannosaurids.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="65A76671FFC34A10FFAEFF247CB9FE87" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/65A76671FFC34A10FFAEFF247CB9FE87" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" startId="33.[102,157,231,253]" targetBox="[110,758,372,1322]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[102,775,231,341]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Table 4. Measurements of tyrannosaurid dentaries.*length of the dentary tooth row; ** minimum lateral depth of the dentary at about midlength; *** height of longest dentary tooth crown. (check 75.11.3 right dentary, 91.36.500, 94.12.602 right dentary, 94.143.1, 99.55.170)</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The jugal pneumatopore is transversely wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[961,1182,264,288]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">
|
||
<emphasis box="[961,1182,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus bataar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PIN 551−1), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The sagittal crest extends onto the frontal to the same degree in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kurzanov 1976" box="[930,1044,359,383]" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Alioramus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[930,1044,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Alioramus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1056,1228,359,383]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1056,1228,359,383]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1241,1397,360,383]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1241,1397,360,383]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hurum and Currie" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[985,1151,391,414]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[985,1151,391,414]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<table box="[110,758,372,1322]" gridcols="6" gridrows="31" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,372,394]" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,372,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Identification</th>
|
||
<th box="[289,539,372,394]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Specimen # Length*</th>
|
||
<th box="[553,645,372,394]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Depth**</th>
|
||
<th box="[664,758,372,394]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tooth***</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,403,425]" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,403,425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[110,214,403,425]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,214,403,425]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">G. libratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,464,403,425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">94.12.155</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,403,425]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">164</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,403,425]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">24</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,403,425]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">25</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,434,456]" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,434,456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">86.144.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,434,456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">235</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,434,456]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">45</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,434,456]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">37.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,465,487]" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,465,487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">92.36.749</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,465,487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">275</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,465,487]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">62</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,465,487]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,496,518]" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,496,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">91.36.500</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,496,518]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">280</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,496,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">60</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,496,518]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">48.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,527,549]" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,539,527,549]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">AMNH 5423</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,527,549]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">28052</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,527,549]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">41</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,558,580]" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,558,580]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">95.5.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,558,580]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">312</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,589,611]" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,589,611]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">99.33.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,589,611]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">315</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,589,611]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">69</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,589,611]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">52</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,619,641]" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,619,641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">99.55.170337</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,619,641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">69</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,645,619,641]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">53</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,650,672]" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,650,672]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">86.49.29</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,650,672]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">347</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,650,672]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">103</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,650,672]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,681,703]" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,681,703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">USNM 12814</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,681,703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">352</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,681,703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,681,703]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,712,734]" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,712,734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">82.28.1</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,712,734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">37097</td>
|
||
<td box="[633,645,712,734]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,743,765]" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,539,743,765]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">UA 1037097</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,743,765]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">62</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,774,796]" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,774,796]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">83.36.134</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,774,796]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">390100 58</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,805,827]" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,805,827]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">AMNH 3963</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,805,827]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">435</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,805,827]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">115</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,805,827]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,836,858]" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,836,858]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">67.9.164</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,836,858]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">445</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,836,858]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">114</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,836,858]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">57</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,867,889]" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,867,889]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">ROM 1246</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,867,889]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,867,889]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">79</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,867,889]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">56</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,898,920]" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,898,920]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[110,260,898,920]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sarcophagus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,260,898,920]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">A. sarcophagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,464,898,920]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">NMC 5601</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,898,920]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">320</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,898,920]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">90</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,898,920]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">53</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,929,951]" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,929,951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">94.25.6</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,929,951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">390101</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,929,951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,960,982]" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,960,982]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[110,210,960,981]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,210,960,981]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">D. torosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,464,960,982]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">NMC 8506</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,960,982]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">455</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,960,982]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">118</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,960,982]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">60</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,991,1013]" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,991,1013]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[110,127,991,1012]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,127,991,1012]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">D</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. sp.
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,464,991,1013]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">FMNH PR308</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,991,1013]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">430</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,991,1013]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">110</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,991,1013]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1022,1044]" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,1022,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[110,227,1022,1044]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,227,1022,1044]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">N. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,539,1022,1044]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">CMNH 7541</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1022,1044]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">28060</td>
|
||
<td box="[633,645,1022,1044]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1053,1075]" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,1053,1075]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[110,211,1053,1075]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,211,1053,1075]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Ta. bataar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1053,1075]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">GIN 107.2</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,1053,1075]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">480</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1053,1075]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">143</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1053,1075]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">98</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1083,1105]" gridrow="23" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1083,1105]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">PIN 552−2</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1083,1105]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">21054</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1083,1105]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">43</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1114,1136]" gridrow="24" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1114,1136]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">PIN 551−3</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1114,1136]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">47096</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1114,1136]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">80</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1145,1167]" gridrow="25" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,539,1145,1167]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">PIN 551−1</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1145,1167]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">551</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1145,1167]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">16084</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1176,1198]" gridrow="26" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,260,1176,1198]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[110,166,1177,1198]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,166,1177,1198]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">T. rex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1176,1198]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375305" box="[289,326,1176,1198]" collectionCode="CM" httpUri="http://research.amnh.org/paleontology/search.php?action=detail&specimen_id=52853 " pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="CM 9380">CM</materialsCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,1176,1198]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">125</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1207,1229]" gridrow="27" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1207,1229]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375312" box="[289,417,1207,1229]" collectionCode="AMNH" httpUri="http://research.amnh.org/paleontology/search.php?action=detail&specimen_id=47761 " pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="AMNH 5027">AMNH 5027</materialsCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,1207,1229]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">530</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1207,1229]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">170</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1207,1229]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">130</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1238,1260]" gridrow="28" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1238,1260]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375307" box="[289,425,1238,1260]" collectionCode="LACM" httpUri="https://collections.nhm.org/dinosaur-institute/Display.php?irn=1028446&QueryPage=%2Fdinosaur-institute%2F&BackRef=ResultsList.php " pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="LACM 23844">LACM 23844</materialsCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,1238,1260]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">535</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1238,1260]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">153</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1238,1260]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">112</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1269,1291]" gridrow="29" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1269,1291]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375313" box="[289,385,1269,1291]" collectionCode="BHI" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="BHI 3033">BHI 3033</materialsCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,1269,1291]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">580</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1269,1291]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">170</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1269,1291]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">140</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,758,1300,1322]" gridrow="30" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[289,464,1300,1322]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375304" box="[289,425,1300,1322]" collectionCode="LACM" httpUri="https://collections.nhm.org/dinosaur-institute/Display.php?irn=1032652&QueryPage=%2Fdinosaur-institute%2F&BackRef=ResultsList.php " pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="LACM 28471">LACM 28471</materialsCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[479,539,1300,1322]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
<td box="[553,619,1300,1322]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">37</td>
|
||
<td box="[664,758,1300,1322]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">33</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The basal tubera are short and strongly divergent in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sarcophagus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">A. sarcophagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMC 5600, TMP 85.98.1),
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kurzanov 1976" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Alioramus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="remotus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Alioramus remotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PIN 3141−1)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[1126,1398,485,509]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1126,1398,485,509]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus torosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMC 8506),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[933,1092,518,541]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[933,1092,518,541]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Maleev 1974)" baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[1108,1430,517,541]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1108,1251,517,541]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Maleev, E. A." box="[1268,1423,517,541]" editor="N. N. Kramarenko" journalOrPublisher="Sovmestnaa Sovetsko-Mongolskaa Paleontologiceskaa Ekspedicia, Trudy" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" pagination="132 - 191" part="1" refId="ref25751" refString="Maleev, E. A. 1974. Gigantic carnosaurs of the family Tyrannosauridae [in Russian]. In: N. N. Kramarenko (ed.), Paleontologia i biostratigrafia Mongolii. Sovmestnaa Sovetsko-Mongolskaa Paleontologiceskaa Ekspedicia, Trudy 1: 132 - 191." title="Gigantic carnosaurs of the family Tyrannosauridae" type="journal article" volumeTitle="Paleontologia i biostratigrafia Mongolii" year="1974">Maleev 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[852,1022,549,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,1022,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They seem more elongate and vertical in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[852,974,580,604]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,974,580,604]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">G. libratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(TMP 86.144.1, 94.12.602) and the juvenile specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[996,1172,611,635]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[996,1172,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1188,1291,611,635]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[102,135,1594,1613]" captionTargetBox="[119,1468,225,1566]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[119,1468,225,1566]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 26. Daspletosaurus sp. (TMP 94.143.1). Braincase in right lateral (A), posterior (B), and ventral (C) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3958192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3958192/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but this character needs to be quantified in some way.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The lower part of the occiput is oriented to face posteroventrally in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kurzanov 1976" box="[992,1109,706,730]" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Alioramus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[992,1109,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Alioramus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1126,1302,706,730]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1126,1302,706,730]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1319,1478,707,730]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1319,1478,707,730]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[852,995,738,762]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,995,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1057,1227,739,762]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1057,1227,739,762]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The subcondylar recess is shallow in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kurzanov 1976" box="[1271,1485,770,794]" class="Reptilia" family="Not" genus="Alioramus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="remotus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1271,1485,770,794]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Alioramus remotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PIN 3141−1),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[1033,1307,801,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1033,1307,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus torosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMC 8506),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[852,1011,834,857]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,1011,834,857]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[1026,1252,833,857]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1026,1252,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus bataar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PIN 551−1, 553−3), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[899,1069,865,888]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[899,1069,865,888]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The basisphenoid plate is deep anteroventrally but the basisphenoid recess is broader laterally than anteroventrally long in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Osborn, 1905" box="[1064,1219,959,983]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1064,1219,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Albertosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kurzanov 1976" box="[1241,1355,959,983]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Alioramus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1241,1355,959,983]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Alioramus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[936,1092,992,1015]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[936,1092,992,1015]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[1104,1244,991,1015]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1104,1244,991,1015]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1301,1467,992,1015]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1301,1467,992,1015]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The ectopterygoid is more inflated in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1263,1439,1023,1047]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1263,1439,1023,1047]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[852,995,1054,1078]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,995,1054,1078]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than it is in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1134,1293,1055,1078]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1134,1293,1055,1078]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The external surface of the anterior plate of the surangular is strongly convex in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1193,1369,1118,1142]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1193,1369,1118,1142]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. (TMP 85.62.1),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[975,1134,1150,1173]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[975,1134,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[1163,1404,1149,1173]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1163,1404,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus bataar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(GIN 100/65, 107/2), and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1079,1249,1182,1205]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1079,1249,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The narrow snout and broad temporal region is characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[957,1116,1245,1268]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[957,1116,1245,1268]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1192,1362,1245,1268]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1192,1362,1245,1268]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[852,995,1276,1300]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[852,995,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and to a lesser extent
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1233,1409,1276,1300]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1233,1409,1276,1300]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are intermediate between these taxa and albertosaurines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
– The jaw is no deeper in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1173,1343,1340,1363]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1173,1343,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than it is in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1104,1280,1371,1395]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1104,1280,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[1341,1484,1371,1395]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1341,1484,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[860,943,1402,1427]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[812,845,1752,1771]" captionTargetBox="[820,1479,1122,1679]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[916,1458,1253,1448]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 17. Graph comparing the logarithms of the length of the dentary tooth row (X−axis) versus the minimum height of the dentary, which is close to the middle of the tooth row (Y−axis). Minimum height was used rather than maximum height because it is less susceptible to distortion during the fossilization process as this is normally the thickest part of the dentary. The Albertosaurus clade includes Albertosaurus and Gorgosaurus, whereas the Tyrannosaurus clade includes Daspletosaurus, Shanshanosaurus, Tarbosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus. The trendlines for both clades virtually coincide, showing that increased jaw depth is not characteristic of just Tyrannosaurus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3958174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3958174/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="65A76671FFC34A10FFAEFAA77F92FA00" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/65A76671FFC34A10FFAEFAA77F92FA00" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" startId="33.[102,157,1380,1402]" targetBox="[110,764,1517,2011]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[102,775,1377,1490]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
Table 3. Nuchal crest of tyrannosaur parietals. Width
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[601,607,1377,1387]" fontSize="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">1</superScript>
|
||
, maximum width near top of crest; Width
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[334,340,1406,1416]" fontSize="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">2</superScript>
|
||
, minimum width on occipital view; Height
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[762,768,1406,1416]" fontSize="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">1</superScript>
|
||
, maximum height from top of crest to foramen magnum; Height
|
||
<superScript attach="right" box="[698,704,1435,1445]" fontSize="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">2</superScript>
|
||
, height from top of crest to top of supraoccipital.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="225" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
In short, almost all of the 13 characters define a broader taxonomic unit than just
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1096,1263,1467,1490]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1096,1263,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[1322,1478,1467,1490]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1322,1478,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[812,1075,1498,1522]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,1075,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1200,1406,1498,1521]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1200,1406,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus rex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to any other tyrannosaurid in that it is relatively broader (compared to the snout width) behind the orbit than albertosaurines.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[812,984,1592,1616]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,984,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Maleev" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[1038,1179,1592,1616]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1038,1179,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tarbosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are intermediate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<table box="[110,764,1517,2011]" gridcols="5" gridrows="16" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1517,1543]" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1517,1543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Identification</th>
|
||
<th box="[271,585,1517,1543]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Specimen # Width1 Width2</th>
|
||
<th box="[601,764,1517,1543]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Height1 Height2</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1552,1574]" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,503,1552,1574]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[110,260,1552,1574]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Albertosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sarcophagus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,260,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">A. sarcophagus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
81.10.1 180
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1552,1574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">104</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1552,1574]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">165</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1552,1574]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">69</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1583,1605]" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1583,1605]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">85.98.1 130–</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1583,1605]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1583,1605]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">–</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1615,1637]" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1615,1637]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[110,127,1615,1636]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,127,1615,1636]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">D</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. sp.
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1615,1637]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">FMNH PR308 240</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1615,1637]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">135</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1615,1637]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">145</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1615,1637]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">58</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1646,1668]" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,764,1646,1668]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">85.62.1 260185 – –</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1677,1699]" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1677,1699]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">94.143.1 14094</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,686,1677,1699]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">90 35</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1708,1730]" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1708,1730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Russell" authorityYear="1970" box="[110,210,1709,1730]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="torosus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,210,1709,1730]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">D. torosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1708,1730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">NMC 8506 250</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1708,1730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">190</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1708,1730]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">162</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1708,1730]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">67</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1739,1761]" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1739,1761]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lambe" authorityYear="1914" box="[110,214,1739,1761]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Gorgosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="libratus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,214,1739,1761]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">G. libratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1739,1761]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">UA 10182</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1771,1793]" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1771,1793]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">91.36.500 92</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1771,1793]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">75</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1771,1793]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">88</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1771,1793]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">34</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1802,1824]" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,764,1802,1824]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">ROM 1247 152 122 12042</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1833,1855]" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1833,1855]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[110,227,1833,1855]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,227,1833,1855]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">N. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[271,585,1833,1855]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">CMNH 7541 150116</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1833,1855]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">90 32</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1864,1886]" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1864,1886]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maleev" authorityYear="1955" box="[110,211,1864,1886]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tarbosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bataar">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,211,1864,1886]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Ta. bataar</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1864,1886]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Jap−Mong 177</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1864,1886]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">116</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1864,1886]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">118</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1864,1886]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">55</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1895,1917]" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1895,1917]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">107.2 358</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1895,1917]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">272</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1895,1917]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">230</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1895,1917]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">120</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1927,1949]" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<th box="[110,239,1927,1949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[110,166,1927,1948]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[110,166,1927,1948]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">T. rex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[271,585,1927,1949]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">AMNH br. 310265</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1927,1949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">232</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1927,1949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">122</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1958,1980]" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1958,1980]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375318" box="[271,366,1958,1980]" collectionCode="BHI" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="BHI 3033">BHI 3033</materialsCitation>
|
||
410
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1958,1980]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">309</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1958,1980]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">260</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1958,1980]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">98</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[110,764,1989,2011]" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<td box="[271,503,1989,2011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3396375311" box="[271,398,1989,2011]" collectionCode="AMNH" httpUri="http://research.amnh.org/paleontology/search.php?action=detail&specimen_id=47763 " pageId="33" pageNumber="224" specimenCode="AMNH 5029">AMNH 5029</materialsCitation>
|
||
394e
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[527,585,1989,2011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">340e</td>
|
||
<td box="[601,686,1989,2011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">255</td>
|
||
<td box="[712,764,1989,2011]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">103</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="33.[812,1485,232,2026]" lastBlockId="34.[102,775,232,382]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="225" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
There is at least one way in which
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[1227,1361,1624,1648]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1227,1361,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">N. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is different from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[873,1039,1656,1679]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[873,1039,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The number of maxillary teeth is either 11 or 12 in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[951,1117,1688,1711]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1117,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[812,1018,1718,1742]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1416,1485,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
lancensis
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has at least 14 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gilmore, C. W." box="[1197,1357,1718,1742]" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 19" part="106" refId="ref24966" refString="Gilmore, C. W. 1946. A new carnivorous dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Montana. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 106: 1 - 19." title="A new carnivorous dinosaur from the Lance Formation of Montana" type="journal article" year="1946">Gilmore 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but possibly 15 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bakker, R. T. & Williams, M. & Currie, P. J." box="[893,1092,1750,1774]" journalOrPublisher="Hunteria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" pagination="1 - 30" part="1" refId="ref24053" refString="Bakker, R. T., Williams, M., and Currie, P. J. 1988. Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana. Hunteria 1 (5): 1 - 30." title="Nanotyrannus, a new genus of pygmy tyrannosaur, from the latest Cretaceous of Montana" type="journal article" year="1988">Bakker et al. 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) maxillary teeth.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carr, T. D." box="[1281,1408,1750,1774]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" pagination="497 - 520" part="19" refId="ref24210" refString="Carr, T. D. 1999. Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19: 497 - 520." title="Craniofacial ontogeny in Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Coelurosauria)" type="journal article" year="1999">Carr (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated that the number of teeth may be reduced ontogenetically in tyrannosaurids, but the evidence for this is very weak (Currie 2003). There is no indication that any other theropod did this, and the counts always vary within one or two teeth. Given the fact that
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[953,1109,1908,1931]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[953,1109,1908,1931]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is difficult to distinguish from an immature
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[925,1097,1939,1963]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[925,1097,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(an animal that survived into early Maastrichtian times), and that the tooth counts are intermediate between
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[951,1123,2002,2026]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Daspletosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1123,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Daspletosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[1179,1345,2002,2025]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="33" pageNumber="224" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1179,1345,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="224">Tyrannosaurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it would be more conservative to retain
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" box="[410,566,233,256]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="34" pageNumber="225" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[410,566,233,256]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="225">Nanotyrannus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a distinct genus at this time. Ultimately, more specimens may resolve the problem, and tooth counts and stratigraphic position may turn out to be a valid way to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bakker et al." authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="Gilmore" baseAuthorityYear="1946" box="[447,580,327,351]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Nanotyrannus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="34" pageNumber="225" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lancensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[447,580,327,351]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="225">N. lancensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Osborn" authorityYear="1905" box="[646,709,328,351]" class="Reptilia" family="Tyrannosauridae" genus="Tyrannosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="34" pageNumber="225" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rex">
|
||
<emphasis box="[646,709,328,351]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="225">T. rex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the generic or species level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |