1555 lines
186 KiB
XML
1555 lines
186 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FF6ACB77434BE4EF08C3E1A26BAD246F">A monographic revision of the Neotropical dung beetle genus Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), including a reappraisal of the taxonomic history of ‘ Canthon sensu lato’</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FDB2E3F4D9CB8A40D04FFB51E6C7CB30">Cupello, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3ED6A0BF320D02F6805E621C22CFC741">Departamento de Entomologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, CEP 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6322C8CA8D80B32E6D362F75E547875A" type="email">mcupello@hotmail.com&vazdemello@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DCF4E3B6D89FC68ACBA22515E4707935">Vaz-De, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50D230FF108D593B1" ID-CoL="53N4W" authority="(Harold, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[568,1019,976,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
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<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D230FF1086B93B6" bold="true" box="[568,837,976,1003]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Sylvicanthon candezei</emphasis>
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(Harold, 1869)
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<subSubSection id="679F6566FFDCFFF50ED60FD50F499452" box="[461,1127,1012,1039]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50ED60FD50F499452" blockId="72.[461,1127,976,1039]" box="[461,1127,1012,1039]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDCFFF50ED60FD509059453" box="[461,555,1012,1038]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[212,1372,265,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[212,1376,265,1895]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 6. Head, dorsal view. A. Sylvicanthon enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. B. S. candezei (Harold, 1869). C. S. genieri sp. nov. D. S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. E. S. seag sp. nov. F. S. securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov. G. S. furvus (Schmidt, 1920)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824791/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Figs 6B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDCFFF50D2C0FD509459453" box="[567,619,1012,1038]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[190,233,1964,1990]" captionTargetBox="[230,1351,353,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[210,1377,315,1930]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 10. Lateral view. A. Canthon (Francmonrosia) sp. B. Sylvicanthon enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. C. S. candezei (Harold, 1869)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824799/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">10C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDCFFF50D6C0FD5098F9453" box="[631,673,1012,1038]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,645,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[189,1399,645,1755]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 11. Morphological diversity in the protibiae of Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977. A. S. enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. B. S. aequinoctialis (Harold, 1869) comb. nov. C. S. securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov. D. S. obscurus (Schmidt, 1920). E. S. furvus (Schmidt, 1920). F. S. bridarollii (Martínez, 1949) (southern populations). G. S. bridarollii (northern populations). H. S. attenboroughi sp. nov. I. S. edmondsi sp. nov. J. S. candezei (Harold, 1869). Note the variation related to the presence and degree of development of an expansion on the internal edge of protibiae and to the number, size and position of the external teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824801/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">11J</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDCFFF50DB60FD509E79453" box="[685,713,1012,1038]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1649,1675]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,378,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[189,1399,376,1605]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. A. Ventral view of the anterior region of the pterothorax of S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. Abbreviations: MsEs = mesoventrite; SEs = meso-metaventrite suture; MsC = mesocoxa; RAMtEs = anterior region of metaventrite. B–E. Sexual dimorphism in the abdominal ventrites of Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920), ♀. Note the three lateral foveae between ventrites I–II, II–III, and III–IV and the broad ventrite VI at the middle, without emargination on its posterior edge and without its anterior edge covered by a medial flange of ventrite V. C. S. proseni stat. et comb. nov., ♀, ventrite VI broad. D. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♂. Note how the ventrite VI is narrow at the middle due to the emargination on its porterior edge and to the medial flage of the posterior edge of the ventrite V. E. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♀. Despite its posterior edge not being emarginate, its anterior edge is covered by a well-developed medial flange of ventrite V, which gives a narrowed aspect to the centre of ventrite VI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824807/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">14</figureCitation>
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D–E, 15C, 17C, 20, 24, 25–26A–B
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="679F6566FFDCFFF50FA6081408109648" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA60814095D9412" blockId="72.[189,627,1077,1103]" box="[189,627,1077,1103]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50FA60814095E9412" author="Harold E." box="[189,624,1077,1103]" page="96" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1869">
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<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50FA60814095E9412" ID-CoL="QPBJ" authority="Harold, 1869 a: 96" authorityName="Harold" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,624,1077,1103]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
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<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA608140ABE9412" box="[189,400,1077,1103]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Canthon candezei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50E8C0814095E9412" author="Harold E." box="[407,624,1077,1103]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="95 - 104" refId="ref136579" refString="Harold E. 1869 a. Diagnosen neuer Coprophagen. Coleopterologische Hefte 5: 95 - 104. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16069770 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1869">Harold, 1869a: 96</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA608560A77948A" blockId="72.[189,1399,1143,1557]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50FA608560ABD94CC" ID-CoL="QPBJ" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[189,403,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
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<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA608560ABD94CC" box="[189,403,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Canthon candezei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50EAF085609B494CC" author="Harold E." box="[436,666,1143,1169]" page="990" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1869">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50EAF085609B494CC" author="Harold E." box="[436,666,1143,1169]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref136616" refString="Harold E. 1869 b. Catalogus coleopterorum. Hucusque descriptorum, synonymicus et systematicus. Tom. IV. Scarabaeidae: 979 - 1346. Sumptu E. H. Gummi, Munich. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9641549 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="url" year="1869">Harold 1869b: 990</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50DD5085608A994CC" author="Gillet J. J. E." box="[718,903,1143,1169]" page="28" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1911">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50DD5085608A994CC" author="Gillet J. J. E." box="[718,903,1143,1169]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref135729" refString="Gillet J. J. E. 1911. Coleopterorum catalogus. Pars 38: Scarabaeidae: Coprinae I. W. Junk, Berlin." type="book" year="1911">Gillet 1911: 28</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50CA008560F8F94CC" author="Schmidt A." box="[955,1185,1143,1169]" page="133" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1920">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50CA008560F8F94CC" author="Schmidt A." box="[955,1185,1143,1169]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="114 - 147" refId="ref145242" refString="Schmidt A. 1920. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Gattungen Canthon Hffsg., Sybax Boh., Aphodius Ill., Simogenius Har., Ataenius Har. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Abteilung A 86 (9): 114 - 147. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 13314274 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1920">Schmidt 1920: 133</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50BAB08560E3394CC" author="Schmidt A." box="[1200,1309,1143,1169]" page="64" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1922">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50BAB08560E3394CC" author="Schmidt A." box="[1200,1309,1143,1169]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="61 - 103" refId="ref145305" refString="Schmidt A. 1922. 1. Bestimmungstabelle der mir bekannten Canthon - Arten. 2. Verbreitungsgebiete der Canthon - Arten. 3. Neubeschreibungen von Canthon, Saprositis, Mendidius, Euparia und Ataenius. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Abteilung A 88 (3): 61 - 103. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 13259701 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1922">1922: 64</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 73. —
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50FF108BB0AF394E9" author="Balthasar V." box="[234,477,1178,1204]" page="188" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1939">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50FF108BB0AF394E9" author="Balthasar V." box="[234,477,1178,1204]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="179 - 238" refId="ref130824" refString="Balthasar V. 1939. Eine Vorstudie zur Monographie der Gattung Canthon Hffsg. Folia Zoologica et Hydrobiologica 9 (2): 179 - 238." type="journal article" year="1939">Balthasar 1939: 188</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50D0B08BB080694E9" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[528,808,1178,1204]" page="198" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1944">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50D0B08BB080694E9" author="Blackwelder R. E." box="[528,808,1178,1204]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="189 - 341" refId="ref131382" refString="Blackwelder R. E. 1944. Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, West Indies and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin 185: 189 - 341. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.185.2" type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944: 198</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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. —
|
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50C4008BB0FC294E9" author="Halffter G. & Martinez A." box="[859,1260,1178,1204]" page="62" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1977">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50C4008BB0FC294E9" author="Halffter G. & Martinez A." box="[859,1260,1178,1204]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="29 - 107" refId="ref136250" refString="Halffter G. & Martinez A. 1977. Revision monografica de los Canthonina americanos, IV parte. Clave para generos y subgeneros. Folia Entomologica Mexicana 38: 29 - 107." type="journal article" year="1977">Halffter & Martínez 1977: 62–63</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
|
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<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50A0508BB0A7B948A" author="Krajcik M." page="63" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50A0508BB0A7B948A" author="Krajcik M." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref138852" refString="Krajcik M. 2012. Animma. X. Supplement 5. Checklist of the World Scarabaeoidea. Privately published, Plzen." type="book" year="2012">Krajcik 2012: 63</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA608C108469543" blockId="72.[189,1399,1143,1557]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
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<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50FA608C109CC94A7" box="[189,738,1248,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Glaphyrocanthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei" subGenus="Glaphyrocanthon">
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<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA608C10AA594A7" box="[189,395,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Glaphyrocanthon</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50E8708C1094494A7" box="[412,618,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Glaphyrocanthon</emphasis>
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)
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D6008C109CC94A7" box="[635,738,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50DE508C10F4E94A7" author="Martinez A. & Pereira F. S." box="[766,1120,1248,1275]" page="126" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1956">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50DE508C10F4E94A7" author="Martinez A. & Pereira F. S." box="[766,1120,1248,1275]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="363 - 388" refId="ref140293" refString="Martinez A. & Pereira F. S. 1956. Dois generos novos de Canthonini americanos (Col. Scarabaeoidea, Scarabaeidae). Papeis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia 12 (19): 363 - 388." type="journal article" year="1956">Pereira & Martínez 1956: 126</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 129. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50BD008C00A6A9543" author="Martinez A. & Halffter G. & Halffter V." page="5" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50BD008C00A6A9543" author="Martinez A. & Halffter G. & Halffter V." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref140396" refString="Martinez A., Halffter G. & Halffter V. 1964. Notas sobre el genero Glaphyrocanthon (Coleopt., Scarab., Canthonina). Acta Zoologica Mexicana 7 (3): 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50A2708C00E5994A7" box="[1340,1399,1248,1274]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1964: 5
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 8–9, 14, 20. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50D120925084D9543" author="Vulcano M. A. & Pereira F. S." box="[521,867,1283,1310]" page="561" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50D120925084D9543" author="Vulcano M. A. & Pereira F. S." box="[521,867,1283,1310]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="533 - 603" refId="ref147845" refString="Vulcano M. A. & Pereira F. S. 1967. Sinopse dos Passalidae e Scarabaeidae s. str. da regiao amazonica (Insecta, Coleoptera). Atas do Simposio sobre a Biota Amazonica 5 (Zoologia): 533 - 603." type="journal article" year="1967">Vulcano & Pereira 1967: 561</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA609060F73951C" blockId="72.[189,1399,1143,1557]" box="[189,1117,1319,1345]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0F9511C3FFDCFFF50FA609060F73951C" box="[189,1117,1319,1345]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50FA6090609CC951C" box="[189,738,1319,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Glaphyrocanthon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei" subGenus="Glaphyrocanthon">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA609060AA5951C" box="[189,395,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Glaphyrocanthon</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50E8709060944951C" box="[412,618,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Glaphyrocanthon</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D60090609CC951C" box="[635,738,1319,1345]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">candèzei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50DE509060F77951C" author="Vulcano M. A. & Pereira F. S." box="[766,1113,1319,1345]" page="661" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50DE509060F77951C" author="Vulcano M. A. & Pereira F. S." box="[766,1113,1319,1345]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="570 - 685" refId="ref147746" refString="Vulcano M. A. & Pereira F. S. 1964. Catalogue of the Canthonini (Col. Scarab.) inhabiting the Western Hemisphere. Entomologische Arbeiten aus dem Museum G. Frey 15 (2): 570 - 685. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 45986646 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1964">Vulcano & Pereira 1964: 661</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA6096B08109648" blockId="72.[189,1399,1143,1557]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="0F9511C3FFDCFFF50FA6096B08109648" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50FA6096B0AEF9539" ID-CoL="53N4W" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[189,449,1354,1380]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA6096B0AEF9539" box="[189,449,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Sylvicanthon candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50EC1096B081F9539" author="Halffter G. & Martinez A." box="[474,817,1354,1380]" page="63" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50EC1096B081F9539" author="Halffter G. & Martinez A." box="[474,817,1354,1380]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="29 - 107" refId="ref136250" refString="Halffter G. & Martinez A. 1977. Revision monografica de los Canthonina americanos, IV parte. Clave para generos y subgeneros. Folia Entomologica Mexicana 38: 29 - 107." type="journal article" year="1977">Halffter & Martínez 1977: 63</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50C47096A08D59539" author="Feer F." box="[860,1019,1354,1381]" page="32" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50C47096A08D59539" author="Feer F." box="[860,1019,1354,1381]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="29 - 43" refId="ref135078" refString="Feer F. 2000. Les coleopteres coprophages et necrophages (Scarabaeidae s. str. et Aphodiidae) de la foret de Guyane francaise: composition specifique et structure des peuplements. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (N. S.) 36 (1): 29 - 43." type="journal article" year="2000">Feer 2000: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(error: refers to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50BAD096A0E299539" ID-CoL="53N58" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[1206,1287,1355,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seag" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50BAD096A0E299539" box="[1206,1287,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. seag</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFDCFFF50A17096A0E479538" box="[1292,1385,1355,1381]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
); 2008: 62 (error: refers to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50D15094F094E95DA" ID-CoL="53N58" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[526,608,1390,1416]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seag">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D15094F094E95DA" box="[526,608,1390,1416]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. seag</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp nov.). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50DEA094C0F3F95D5" author="Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[753,1041,1389,1416]" page="195" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50DEA094C0F3F95D5" author="Vaz-de-Mello F. Z." box="[753,1041,1389,1416]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="183 - 195" refId="ref147076" refString="Vaz-de-Mello F. Z. 2000. Estado atual de conhecimentos dos Scarabaeidae s. str. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) do Brasil. In: Martin-Piera F., Morrone J. J. & Melic A. (eds) Hacia un proyecto CYTED para el inventario y estimacion de la diversidad entomologica en Iberoamerica: PRIBES- 2000: 183 - 195. Monografias Tercer Milenio 1, Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (SEA), Zaragoza." type="journal article" year="2000">Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 195</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50B24094C0E0B95DA" author="Escobar F." box="[1087,1317,1389,1415]" page="210" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2000">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50B24094C0E0B95DA" author="Escobar F." box="[1087,1317,1389,1415]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="197 - 210" refId="ref134781" refString="Escobar F. 2000 a. Diversidad y distribucion de los escarabajos del estiercol (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. In: Martin-Piera F., Morrone J. J. & Melic A. (eds) Hacia un proyecto CYTED para el Inventario y Estimacion de la Diversidad entomologica en Iberoamerica: PRIBES- 2000: 197 - 210. Monografias Tercer Milenio 1, Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (SEA), Zaragoza." type="journal article" year="2000">Escobar 2000a: 210</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(error: probably refers to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50EDC09B0091795F7" ID-CoL="53N53" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[455,569,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="genieri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50EDC09B0091795F7" box="[455,569,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. genieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFDCFFF50D5909B009B195F6" box="[578,671,1425,1451]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50DD209B0080295F7" ID-CoL="53N54" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[713,812,1425,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50DD209B0080295F7" box="[713,812,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. mayri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFDCFFF50C2E09B008B895F6" box="[821,918,1425,1451]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50CC909B10FDC95F6" author="Medina C. A. & Lopera-Toro A. & Vitolo A. & Gill B." box="[978,1266,1424,1451]" page="137" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50CC909B10FDC95F6" author="Medina C. A. & Lopera-Toro A. & Vitolo A. & Gill B." box="[978,1266,1424,1451]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref141467" refString="Medina C. A., Lopera-Toro A., Vitolo A. & Gill B. 2001. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 2: 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Medina
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50B2F09B00F5F95F6" box="[1076,1137,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001: 137
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(idem). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50FF10995096B9593" author="Feer F. & Pincebourde S." box="[234,581,1460,1487]" page="30" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50FF10995096B9593" author="Feer F. & Pincebourde S." box="[234,581,1460,1487]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="21 - 30" refId="ref135210" refString="Feer F. & Pincebourde S. 2005. Diel flight activity and ecological segregation within an assemblage of tropical forest dung and carrion beetles. Journal of Tropical Ecology 21: 21 - 30." type="journal article" year="2005">Feer & Pincebourde 2005: 30</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(error: refers to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50C13099508759593" ID-CoL="53N58" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[776,859,1460,1486]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seag">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50C13099508759593" box="[776,859,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. seag</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp nov.). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50CE909950FE09593" author="Scheffler P. Y." box="[1010,1230,1460,1487]" page="19" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2005">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50CE909950FE09593" author="Scheffler P. Y." box="[1010,1230,1460,1487]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="9 - 19" refId="ref145169" refString="Scheffler P. Y. 2005. Dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) diversity and community structure across three disturbance regimes in eastern Amazonia. Journal of Tropical Ecology 21: 9 - 19. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467404001683" type="journal article" year="2005">Scheffler 2005: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50BE409950A8B95AF" author="Medina C. A. & Pulido L. A." page="59" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50BE409950A8B95AF" author="Medina C. A. & Pulido L. A." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="55 - 62" refId="ref141434" refString="Medina C. A. & Pulido L. A. 2009. Escarabajos coprofagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) de la Orinoquia colombiana. Biota Colombiana 10: 55 - 62." type="journal article" year="2009">Medina & Pulido 2009: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(error: probably refers to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50DCC09F6086695AC" ID-CoL="53N53" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[727,840,1495,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="genieri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50DCC09F6086695AC" box="[727,840,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. genieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFDCFFF50C5409F9088495AF" box="[847,938,1496,1522]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50CCA09F60F1C95AC" ID-CoL="53N54" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[977,1074,1495,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50CCA09F60F1C95AC" box="[977,1074,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. mayri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFDCFFF50B2109F90FB695AF" box="[1082,1176,1496,1522]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="AE2410FCFFDCFFF50BCA09F60A4F9649" author="Carvajal V. & Villamarin S. & Ortega A. M." page="117" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50BCA09F60A4F9649" author="Carvajal V. & Villamarin S. & Ortega A. M." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref132779" refString="Carvajal V., Villamarin S. & Ortega A. M. 2011. Escarabajos del Ecuador. Principales generos. Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito." type="book" year="2011">
|
||
Carvajal
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50A2709F90E5995AC" box="[1340,1399,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011: 117
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 316 (error: refers to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50D4009DA09E59649" ID-CoL="53N53" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[603,715,1531,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="genieri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D4009DA09E59649" box="[603,715,1531,1557]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">S. genieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFDCFFF50DC809DA081F9648" box="[723,817,1531,1557]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="679F6566FFDCFFF50FA60A1D08919696" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA60A1D0A6A960B" blockId="72.[189,324,1596,1622]" box="[189,324,1596,1622]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFDCFFF50FA60A1D0A6A960B" bold="true" box="[189,324,1596,1622]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA60A1D0A6A960B" bold="true" box="[189,324,1596,1622]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA60A4A08919696" blockId="72.[189,1399,1642,1739]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Eponym after the Belgian entomologist Ernest Candèze (
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDCFFF50C410A4B08CB96D9" box="[858,997,1642,1668]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1827" valueMax="1898">1827–1898</date>
|
||
). One of the specimens studied by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50FA60AAC0A5D96F5" author="Harold E." box="[189,371,1677,1704]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="95 - 104" refId="ref136579" refString="Harold E. 1869 a. Diagnosen neuer Coprophagen. Coleopterologische Hefte 5: 95 - 104. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16069770 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1869">Harold (1869a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
belonged to the Candèze collection – nowadays largely housed at the ISNB (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDCFFF50A030AAF0A689696" author="Horn W. & Kahle I." pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref137500" refString="Horn W. & Kahle I. 1935. Uber entomologische Sammlungen (Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Entomo- Museologie). Teil I. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem 2: 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1935">Horn & Kahle 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) – and this may have been the reason for the homage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="679F6566FFDCFFF70FA60AD308A39558" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA60AD30A849751" blockId="72.[189,426,1778,1804]" box="[189,426,1778,1804]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFDCFFF50FA60AD30A849751" bold="true" box="[189,426,1778,1804]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FA60AD30A849751" bold="true" box="[189,426,1778,1804]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FF10B0009B49766" blockId="72.[189,1399,1824,2027]" box="[234,666,1824,1851]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="9FED3CB0FFDCFFF50FF10B0009B49766" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2614776315" box="[234,666,1824,1851]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FF10B000A489766" bold="true" box="[234,358,1825,1851]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDCFFF50FF10B000A489766" box="[234,358,1825,1851]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(here designated,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDCFFF50D260B0009BC9766" box="[573,658,1824,1851]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[195,1398,471,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[189,1399,461,1853]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 26. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) type material. A. a. Lectotype. b. Labels of lectotype. c. Labels of paralectotype 3. B. The four localities where S. candezei type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower Tapajós region in 1852 (see discussion in the text). C. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the S. candezei type series (modified from Bidau 2014)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824831/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDCFFF50FA60B65097597B6" blockId="72.[189,1399,1824,2027]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFDCFFF50FA60B650A029703" box="[189,300,1860,1886]" name="Brazil" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
: ♂, Pará, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50EDF0B6509499703" authority="River" authorityName="River" box="[452,615,1860,1886]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River</taxonomicName>
|
||
(some point at the
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDCFFF50C580B65088F9703" box="[835,929,1860,1886]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="km" value="170.0">170 km</quantity>
|
||
above its mouth in the Amazon River or across the banks of the Cupari River (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDCFFF50D670B4609C697DF" box="[636,744,1895,1922]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[195,1398,471,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[189,1399,461,1853]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 26. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) type material. A. a. Lectotype. b. Labels of lectotype. c. Labels of paralectotype 3. B. The four localities where S. candezei type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower Tapajós region in 1852 (see discussion in the text). C. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the S. candezei type series (modified from Bidau 2014)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824831/files/figure.png" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
|
||
); see more details below), type locality cited by Harold (1869): “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50E330BAA0AAA97F9" box="[296,388,1931,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50E330BAA0AAA97F9" box="[296,388,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”. Labels: (“
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D0F0BAB09AF97F9" box="[532,641,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Candezei</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50D830BAB087D97F9" box="[664,851,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Harold. Hefte V</emphasis>
|
||
.”, “Muséum Paris / 1952 / Coll. R. Oberthur”, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50FD10B8F0A08979A" box="[202,294,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50FD10B8F0A08979A" box="[202,294,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / H. W. Bates / 1892”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDCFFF50DF20B8F08BA9795" box="[745,916,1966,1992]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
♂ /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50CD30B8C0F03979A" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[968,1069,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50CD30B8C0F03979A" box="[968,1069,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDCFFF50B5F0B8C0F85979A" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1092,1195,1965,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50B5F0B8C0F85979A" box="[1092,1195,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50BDA0B8C0E3B979A" box="[1217,1301,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 20
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDCFFF50EB10BF00AE997B6" box="[426,455,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">14</emphasis>
|
||
”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDCFFF50EF50BF0096197B6" box="[494,591,2001,2027]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDDFFF40FF10D2D097E917B" blockId="73.[189,1399,265,862]" box="[234,592,265,294]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40FF10D2D0A8C917B" bold="true" box="[234,418,268,294]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40FF10D2D0A8C917B" box="[234,418,268,294]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(4 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40D1F0D2A096A917B" box="[516,580,267,294]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDDFFF40FA60D0E09D69303" blockId="73.[189,1399,265,862]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFDDFFF40FA60D0E0A029114" box="[189,300,303,329]" name="Brazil" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 1 ♂, (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40E980D0E0AF19114" box="[387,479,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E980D0E0AF19114" box="[387,479,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajós</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / H. W. Bates / 1892”, “Muséum Paris / 1952 / coll. R. Oberthür”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40FDD0D730A929131" box="[198,444,338,364]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/ ♂ /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40D120D7309409131" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[521,622,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D120D7309409131" box="[521,622,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40D910D7309DF9131" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[650,753,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D910D7309DF9131" box="[650,753,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40C170D73084E9131" box="[780,864,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 20
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40BD80D730FCE9131" box="[1219,1248,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">14</emphasis>
|
||
”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40A120D730E479131" box="[1289,1385,338,364]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40E0E0D560A5F91CD" box="[277,369,375,400]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E0E0D560A5F91CD" box="[277,369,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E860D57092491CD" box="[413,522,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Candezei</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D330D57095291CD" box="[552,636,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / E. Harold”, “S
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40CE30D570FAF91CD" box="[1016,1153,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">ylvicanthon</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40B840D570E2891CD" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1183,1286,374,400]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B840D570E2891CD" box="[1183,1286,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40A380D570E5991CD" box="[1315,1399,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40FD40DBB0AFE91EE" box="[207,464,409,436]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
G. H. y A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40E4E0DBB0A8B91EE" box="[341,421,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Geotrupidae" genus="Mycotrupes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="det">M. det</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 76
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
”, “PARALETOTYPE /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40DEC0DB808E391EE" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[759,973,409,435]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40DEC0DB808E391EE" box="[759,973,409,435]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ Harold, 1869 ♂ / des. Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello, 2015”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40ECE0D9C091B918A" box="[469,565,445,471]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂ (dissected) (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40C310D9F08A8918A" box="[810,902,446,471]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40C310D9F08A8918A" box="[810,902,446,471]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40CA90D9C0F31918A" box="[946,1055,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Candezei</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B250D9C0FBC918A" box="[1086,1170,445,471]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / E. Harold”, “S
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E5C0DC10AFE91A7" box="[327,464,480,506]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">ylvicanthon</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40EFF0DC1096591A7" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[484,587,480,506]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40EFF0DC1096591A7" box="[484,587,480,506]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D7B0DC1099A91A7" box="[608,692,480,506]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40DD20DC0089891A7" box="[713,950,480,507]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
G. H. y A.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40C5A0DC008A191A7" box="[833,911,480,506]" class="Insecta" family="Geotrupidae" genus="Mycotrupes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="det">M. det</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 76
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40CC00DC10FFF91A7" box="[987,1233,480,506]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40BFD0DC00FD291A6" box="[1254,1276,481,507]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40A0A0DC10E5891A7" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1297,1398,480,506]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40A0A0DC10E5891A7" box="[1297,1398,480,506]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40FD50E250A1B9243" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[206,309,516,542]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40FD50E250A1B9243" box="[206,309,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E4B0E250A8A9243" box="[336,420,516,542]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2015”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40C500E2508859243" box="[843,939,516,542]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40CDA0E2508C19243" box="[961,1007,516,542]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40B140E240F459243" box="[1039,1131,517,542]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B140E240F459243" box="[1039,1131,517,542]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / H. W. Bates / 1892”, “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40E6F0E060AF5921C" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[372,475,551,577]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E6F0E060AF5921C" box="[372,475,551,577]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40EF40E06096D921C" box="[495,579,551,577]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ [ilegível]
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40DD30E0909D2921C" box="[712,764,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Har.</emphasis>
|
||
[illegible]”, “Muséum Paris / 1952 / coll. R. Oberthür” “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40FDD0E6A0A929238" box="[198,444,587,613]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40EC20E6A0AC19238" box="[473,495,587,613]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40D170E6A095F9238" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[524,625,587,613]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D170E6A095F9238" box="[524,625,587,613]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40D960E6A09DA9238" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[653,756,587,613]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D960E6A09DA9238" box="[653,756,587,613]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40C0B0E6A084A9238" box="[784,868,587,613]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40A0A0E6A0E409238" box="[1297,1390,587,613]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDDFFF40FDD0E4F0A0F92D4" box="[198,289,622,649]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[195,1398,471,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[189,1399,461,1853]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 26. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) type material. A. a. Lectotype. b. Labels of lectotype. c. Labels of paralectotype 3. B. The four localities where S. candezei type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower Tapajós region in 1852 (see discussion in the text). C. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the S. candezei type series (modified from Bidau 2014)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824831/files/figure.png" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40E210E4F0A4792D4" box="[314,361,622,649]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40E890E4E0AC092D5" box="[402,494,623,648]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E890E4E0AC092D5" box="[402,494,623,648]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / H. W. Bates / 1892”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40CD10E4F0FEE92D5" box="[970,1216,622,648]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40BC50E4E0FDA92D4" box="[1246,1268,623,649]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40A0A0E4F0E5892D5" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1297,1398,622,648]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40A0A0E4F0E5892D5" box="[1297,1398,622,648]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40FD40EB30A1892F1" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[207,310,658,684]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40FD40EB30A1892F1" box="[207,310,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E4A0EB30A8B92F1" box="[337,421,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 20
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40C110EB3080992F1" box="[778,807,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">14</emphasis>
|
||
”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40C4B0EB3089E92F1" box="[848,944,658,684]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40CDC0EB308D892F1" box="[967,1014,658,684]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40B0D0EB30F5C92F6" box="[1046,1138,658,683]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B0D0EB30F5C92F6" box="[1046,1138,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “Ex-Mus ӕo / H.W. Bates / 1892”, “Muséum Paris / 1952 / coll. R. Oberthür” “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40C7A0E940F799292" box="[865,1111,693,719]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40B770E970FAC928D" box="[1132,1154,694,720]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40B8D0E940FD59292" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1174,1275,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B8D0E940FD59292" box="[1174,1275,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40A0B0E940E599292" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1296,1399,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40A0B0E940E599292" box="[1296,1399,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40FCB0EF80A0A92AE" box="[208,292,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40DD70EF8080292AE" box="[716,812,729,755]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40C5F0EF8085D92AE" box="[836,883,729,755]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40C870EF808D692AF" box="[924,1016,729,754]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40C870EF808D692AF" box="[924,1016,729,754]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B060EF80FA492AE" box="[1053,1162,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Candezei</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40BB30EF80FD292AE" box="[1192,1276,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
”, “Type”, “Collection / E. CANDÈZE”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40D360EDD080D934B" box="[557,803,764,790]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40C270EDC087C934A" box="[828,850,765,791]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40C700EDD08FE934B" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[875,976,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40C700EDD08FE934B" box="[875,976,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40CF30EDD0F61934B" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1000,1103,764,790]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40CF30EDD0F61934B" box="[1000,1103,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B730EDD0F92934B" box="[1128,1212,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F.Z. Vazde-Mello, 2014”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40E8D0F010AF19367" box="[406,479,800,826]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">ISNB</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂ (“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40D220F0109BB9364" box="[569,661,800,825]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40D220F0109BB9364" box="[569,661,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDDFFF40DA30F0108809367" box="[696,942,800,826]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
/ ♂ /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40CF60F010F7C9367" baseAuthorityName="Halffter & Martinez" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1005,1106,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40CF60F010F7C9367" box="[1005,1106,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Canthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDDFFF40B7D0F010FE39367" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1126,1229,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40B7D0F010FE39367" box="[1126,1229,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40BFB0F010E1A9367" box="[1248,1332,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Harold</emphasis>
|
||
/ des. F. Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2014”) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40D110F6209709300" box="[522,606,835,861]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
, ex
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40D960F6509C29303" box="[653,748,836,862]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDDFFF40FF10FA4099593C2" blockId="73.[189,1399,899,2027]" box="[234,699,899,928]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40FF10FA40ACF93C2" bold="true" box="[234,481,901,927]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
(103 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40D7B0FA4098193C2" box="[608,687,901,928]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">54 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDDFFF70FA60F890F0E949E" blockId="73.[189,1399,899,2027]" lastBlockId="74.[189,1399,265,1219]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFDDFFF40FA60F890A02939F" box="[189,300,936,962]" name="Brazil" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDDFFF40E2E0F890AFB939F" bold="true" box="[309,469,936,962]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDDFFF40E2E0F890AFB939F" box="[309,469,936,962]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40EFF0F890921939E" box="[484,527,936,963]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Araputanga, Fazenda Araputanga, Bacia Jauru,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B5E0F870FFF939F" box="[1093,1233,934,962]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-15.363334">15º21′48″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40BC60F870E5C939E" box="[1245,1394,934,963]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-58.434166">58º26′03″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40FA60FED0A1193BB" box="[189,319,972,998]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2002-12">Dec. 2002</date>
|
||
, M. Santos Filho leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40D720FED09EF93BB" box="[617,705,972,998]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Araputanga, Fazenda Bandeirantes,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40BC60FEB0E5F93BB" box="[1245,1393,970,998]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-15.371667">15º22′18″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40FA60FCC0A779457" box="[189,345,1005,1034]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="23" value="-58.439724">58º26′23″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40E710FCE0A929457" box="[362,444,1007,1034]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="297.0">297 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40ED50FCE09B29454" box="[462,668,1007,1034]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2013-01-21" valueMax="2013-01-23" valueMin="2013-01-21">21–23 Jan. 2013</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human faeces, R. J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40BD70FCE0E0A9454" box="[1228,1316,1007,1033]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Araputanga, Fazenda Bandeirantes,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40D740830082E9470" box="[623,768,1041,1069]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="14" value="-15.370556">15º22′14″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40C0B083008849470" box="[784,938,1041,1069]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-58.43389">58º26′02″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40CA208320F269470" box="[953,1032,1043,1069]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="338.0">338 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40B0308320FCC9470" box="[1048,1250,1043,1069]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2013-01-20" valueMax="2013-01-22" valueMin="2013-01-20">20–22 Jan. 2013</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40DBD081709D0940D" box="[678,766,1078,1104]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Curvelândia, Fazenda Calça Vermelha, Bacia Cabaçal,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E2B08790AEA9429" box="[304,452,1112,1140]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-15.550556">15º33′02″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40ECC0879095A9429" box="[471,628,1112,1140]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-58.015835">58º00′57″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40D9D087B082B9429" box="[646,773,1114,1140]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2004-02">Feb. 2004</date>
|
||
, M. Santos-Filho leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B30087B0FAD9429" box="[1067,1155,1114,1140]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40B86087B0FFE9429" box="[1181,1232,1114,1140]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Diamantino, Fazenda São João,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40EBD085A091B94CA" box="[422,565,1147,1175]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-14.236112">14º14′10″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40D5E085A09F394C5" box="[581,733,1147,1176]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-56.13639">56º08′11″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40DF7085C08A994CA" box="[748,903,1149,1176]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2001-01-11">11 Jan. 2001</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, Génier and Vazde-Mello leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40E7108800AE994E6" box="[362,455,1185,1211]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Diamantino, Fazenda São João,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40C8B08BE0F3394E6" box="[912,1053,1183,1211]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-14.236112">14º14′10″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B3108BE0F9194E6" box="[1066,1215,1183,1211]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="11" value="-56.13639">56º08′11″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40BD008800E3994E6" box="[1227,1303,1185,1211]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40A3808800BD49483" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2001-01-13">13 Jan. 2001</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, Génier and Vaz-de-Mello leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40C8F08E508DF9483" box="[916,1009,1220,1246]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40B1C08E50F1B9482" box="[1031,1077,1220,1247]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Diamantino, Fazenda São João,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E1808C70ABF955F" box="[259,401,1254,1282]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="49" value="-14.396944">14º23′49″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40EBB08C70916955F" box="[416,568,1254,1282]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="30" value="-56.158337">56º09′30″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40D5E08C909BD955F" box="[581,659,1256,1282]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="480.0">480 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40DBA08C90815955F" box="[673,827,1256,1282]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2001-01-13">13 Jan. 2001</date>
|
||
, trap with faeces, Génier and Vaz-de-Mello leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40FDE092A0A0C9578" box="[197,290,1291,1317]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40E68092A0A8E957B" box="[371,416,1291,1318]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Indiavaí, Fazenda Nova Canaã, Bacia Jauru,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40CD809280F7F9578" box="[963,1105,1289,1317]" degrees="15" direction="south" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-15.275277">15º16′31″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B4409280FD8957B" box="[1119,1270,1289,1318]" degrees="58" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="06" value="-58.668335">58º40′06″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40A18092A0E5C9578" box="[1283,1394,1291,1317]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2004-07">Jul. 2004</date>
|
||
, M. Santos-Filho leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40EA5090E09389514" box="[446,534,1327,1353]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40D7E090E09BF9514" box="[613,657,1327,1353]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Nobres,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40C18090E08589514" box="[771,886,1327,1353]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2001-01">Jan. 2001</date>
|
||
, A. Bello leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B3D090E0FAD9514" box="[1062,1155,1327,1353]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">AMBC</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40B8C090E0FED9514" box="[1175,1219,1327,1353]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Nova Mutum,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40FA609710A649531" box="[189,330,1360,1388]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-13.801945">13º48′07″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E4C09710AC09530" box="[343,494,1360,1389]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-56.089443">56º05′22″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40EE1097309BE9531" box="[506,656,1362,1389]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2011-01-23">23 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, human faeces, M.F. Souza leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B0F09730F429531" box="[1044,1132,1362,1388]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂, Nova Mutum,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40FA609550A6595CD" box="[189,331,1396,1424]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-13.801945">13º48′07″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E4109550ADF95CD" box="[346,497,1396,1424]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-56.089443">56º05′22″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40EE5095409B695CD" box="[510,664,1397,1424]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2011-01-25">25 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, human faeces, M.F. Souza leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B3809570F5595CD" box="[1059,1147,1398,1424]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 8 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40BFF09570E0695CD" box="[1252,1320,1398,1424]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Nova Mutum,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E3809B60A9C95EE" box="[291,434,1431,1459]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-13.801945">13º48′07″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40EDB09B6097695E9" box="[448,600,1431,1460]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-56.089443">56º05′22″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40D7E09B8082F95EE" box="[613,769,1433,1459]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2011-04-18">18 Apr. 2011</date>
|
||
, human faeces, M.F. Souza leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B9709B80FCA95EE" box="[1164,1252,1433,1459]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Nova Mutum,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E3F099A0A9D958A" box="[292,435,1467,1495]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-13.801945">13º48′07″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40ED9099A0974958A" box="[450,602,1467,1495]" degrees="56" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-56.089443">56º05′22″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40D73099C09D5958A" box="[616,763,1469,1495]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2011-05-02">2 May 2011</date>
|
||
, human faeces, M.F. Souza leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B91099C0FCC958A" box="[1162,1250,1469,1495]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40BE3099C0E08958A" box="[1272,1318,1469,1495]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Nova Mutum, Trivelato,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40E8609C1091195A6" box="[413,575,1504,1531]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="1995-12-15">15 Dec. 1995</date>
|
||
, W.O. Silva-Filho leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40C4109C1089C95A7" box="[858,946,1504,1530]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40B1E09C10F6795A7" box="[1029,1097,1504,1530]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Querência, Fazenda São Luiz,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E180A230AA09643" box="[259,398,1538,1566]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="39.68" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-12.661333">12º39.68′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E860A23091E9643" box="[413,560,1538,1566]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="22.14" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-52.369">52º22.14′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40D250A2509E99643" box="[574,711,1539,1566]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2008-07-08">8 Jul. 2008</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, R. Andrade leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40BA60A250E3B9643" box="[1213,1301,1540,1566]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40A300A250E5E9643" box="[1323,1392,1540,1566]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Querência, Fazenda São Luiz,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40D3E0A040983961C" box="[549,685,1573,1601]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="39.81" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-12.6635">12º39.81′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40DA10A040865961C" box="[698,843,1573,1601]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="22.74" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-52.379">52º22.74′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40C4C0A0608C4961C" box="[855,1002,1575,1601]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2008-07-17">17 Jul. 2008</date>
|
||
, pitfall, R. Andrade leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40A090A060E44961C" box="[1298,1386,1575,1601]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40FA60A6A0A2F9638" box="[189,257,1611,1637]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Querência, Fazenda São Luiz,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40D660A6808289638" box="[637,774,1609,1637]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="39.94" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-12.665667">12º39.94′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40C0E0A6808869638" box="[789,936,1609,1637]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="21.85" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-52.364166">52º21.85′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40CAE0A6A0F779638" box="[949,1113,1610,1637]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2008-07-14">14– Jul. 2008</date>
|
||
, pitfall, R. Andrade leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40FDE0A4F0A3396D5" box="[197,285,1646,1672]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40E930A4F0AE296D5" box="[392,460,1646,1673]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Querência, Fazenda São Luiz,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40C500A4D08FB96D5" box="[843,981,1644,1672]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="39.64" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-12.660666">12º39.64′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40CFF0A4D0F5996D5" box="[996,1143,1644,1672]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="22.74" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-52.379">52º22.74′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40B9E0A4F0E3296D5" box="[1157,1308,1646,1672]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2008-07-17">17 Jul. 2008</date>
|
||
, pitfall, R. Andrade leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40E9D0AB00AF096F6" box="[390,478,1681,1707]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂, Querência, Fazenda São Luiz,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40CB40AB10F1F96F1" box="[943,1073,1680,1708]" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="40.48" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-12.674666">12º40.48′S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B260AB10FE696F1" box="[1085,1224,1680,1708]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="21.86" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="9" value="-52.364334">52º21.86′W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40BCF0AB00E5C96F6" box="[1236,1394,1681,1707]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2009-02-13">13 Feb. 2009</date>
|
||
, pitfall, R. Andrade leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40EC10A94091C9692" box="[474,562,1717,1743]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40D9A0A9409EA9692" box="[641,708,1717,1743]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40CBD0A940F149692" box="[934,1082,1717,1743]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2008-07-16">16 Jul. 2008</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human faeces, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40E6F0AF90AE296AF" box="[372,460,1752,1778]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda “Ap. Da Serra”,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B250AF70FE296AF" box="[1086,1228,1750,1778]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="15" value="-14.320833">14º19′15″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40BC10AF70E5C96AE" box="[1242,1394,1750,1779]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-57.730835">57º43′51″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40FA60ADD0A22974B" box="[189,268,1788,1814]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40E010ADD0AC9974B" box="[282,487,1788,1814]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2017-04-20" valueMax="2017-04-22" valueMin="2017-04-20">20–22 Apr. 2017</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human faeces, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40CEB0ADD0F66974B" box="[1008,1096,1788,1814]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 8 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40BAF0ADD0FCD974B" box="[1204,1251,1788,1814]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDDFFF40E6A0B3E0A969764" box="[369,440,1823,1849]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40EDF0B3C097E9764" box="[452,592,1821,1849]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-14.621944">14º37′19″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40D460B3C09DD9767" box="[605,755,1821,1850]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-57.418613">57º25′07″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40DE50B3E08649767" box="[766,842,1823,1850]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1899999999999995" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="419.0">419 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40C4D0B3E0F399764" box="[854,1047,1823,1850]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2011-01-12" valueMax="2011-01-14" valueMin="2011-01-12">12–14 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40EA40B6209399700" box="[447,535,1859,1885]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40D710B6209B99700" box="[618,663,1859,1885]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDDFFF40CF20B620F1E9700" box="[1001,1072,1859,1885]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B250B600FE29700" box="[1086,1228,1857,1885]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-14.620278">14º37′13″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40BC10B600E5C9700" box="[1242,1394,1857,1885]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-57.41389">57º24′50″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40FA60B470A2797DC" box="[189,265,1894,1921]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.279999999999999" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="428.0">428 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40E0E0B470AF697DD" box="[277,472,1894,1921]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2012-01-26" valueMax="2012-01-28" valueMin="2012-01-26">26–28 Jan. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall with cow dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40C860B4708DB97DD" box="[925,1013,1894,1920]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Curitiba,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40E2A0BA90AEC97F9" box="[305,450,1928,1956]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="47" value="-14.363056">14º21′47″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40ECF0BA9094197F9" box="[468,623,1928,1956]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="17" value="-57.47139">57º28′17″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40D9B0BAB09FF97F9" box="[640,721,1930,1957]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="345.0">345 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40DF90BAB08B897F9" box="[738,918,1930,1956]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2012-04-02" valueMax="2012-04-09" valueMin="2012-04-02">2–9 Apr. 2012</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40FDE0B8C0A33979A" box="[197,285,1965,1991]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 11 ♂♂ (1 dissected),
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDDFFF40D340B8C09729795" box="[559,604,1965,1992]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Filé do Boi,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40B5B0B8A0FE3979A" box="[1088,1229,1963,1991]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-14.635278">14º38′07″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDDFFF40BC00B8A0E5C9795" box="[1243,1394,1963,1992]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-57.411392">57º24′41″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDDFFF40FA60BF00A2497B6" box="[189,266,2001,2027]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.39" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="439.0">439 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDDFFF40E030BF10AF297B6" box="[280,476,2000,2027]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" value="2011-01-25" valueMax="2011-01-27" valueMin="2011-01-25">25–27 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDDFFF40B500BF00F8D97B6" box="[1099,1187,2001,2027]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Fontosa,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EF90D28095E9178" box="[482,624,265,293]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-14.593333">14º35′36″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70D650D280838917B" box="[638,790,265,294]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="37" value="-57.84361">57º50′37″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70C380D2A085E917B" box="[803,880,267,294]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.96" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="296.0">296 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70C650D2A0F219178" box="[894,1039,267,293]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-02-06">6 Feb. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70EA20D0E093F9114" box="[441,529,303,329]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Netolândia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70B590D0C0FE19114" box="[1090,1231,301,329]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-14.665555">14º39′56″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70BC70D0C0E5C9114" box="[1244,1394,301,329]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-57.902225">57º54′08″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70FA60D720A249130" box="[189,266,339,365]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="304.0">304 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70E030D720AC99130" box="[280,487,339,365]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-03-20" valueMax="2012-03-22" valueMin="2012-03-20">20–22 Mar. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall trap baited with human faeces and pig dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70A090D720E449130" box="[1298,1386,339,365]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 5 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70E160D570A1791CC" box="[269,313,374,401]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Netolândia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70C080D55088E91CD" box="[787,928,372,400]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-14.665">14º39′54″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70CB70D550F6D91CC" box="[940,1091,372,401]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-57.91889">57º55′08″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70B550D570FB491CC" box="[1102,1178,374,401]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.29" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="329.0">329 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70BBD0D570E5C91CD" box="[1190,1394,374,401]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-03-12" valueMax="2012-03-14" valueMin="2012-03-12">12–14 Mar. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70C040DBB085991E9" box="[799,887,410,436]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 11 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70CF70DBB0F0191E9" box="[1004,1071,410,436]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">8 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Netolândia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70E550D9A0AF3918A" box="[334,477,443,471]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-14.665555">14º39′56″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EF70D9A09AB9185" box="[492,645,443,472]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-57.902225">57º54′08″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70D890D9C09CF9185" box="[658,737,445,472]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.04" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="304.0">304 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70DF40D9C08EE918A" box="[751,960,445,472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-03-20" valueMax="2012-03-22" valueMin="2012-03-20">20–22 Mar. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70E740DC00AE991A6" box="[367,455,481,507]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 6 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70D310DC0094291A6" box="[554,620,481,507]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Netolândia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70B580DFE0FFE91A6" box="[1091,1232,479,507]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-14.684722">14º41′05″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70BC70DFE0E5C91A6" box="[1244,1394,479,507]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="08" value="-57.902225">57º54′08″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70FA60E250A249242" box="[189,266,516,543]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="263.0">263 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70E0C0E250ACA9243" box="[279,484,516,543]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-03-25" valueMax="2012-03-27" valueMin="2012-03-25">25–27 Mar. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70B560E250F8B9243" box="[1101,1189,516,542]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70BA10E250FC89242" box="[1210,1254,516,543]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Paraíso,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EC80E070970921F" box="[467,606,550,578]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="46" value="-14.696111">14º41′46″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70D720E0709D0921F" box="[617,766,550,578]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-57.411114">57º24′40″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70C130E09087D921F" box="[776,851,552,579]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.029999999999999" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="503.0">503 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70C460E090F32921F" box="[861,1052,552,579]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-13" valueMax="2011-01-15" valueMin="2011-01-13">13–15 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70EAC0E6D0921923B" box="[439,527,588,614]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂ (1 dissected),
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70C170E6D0816923B" box="[780,824,588,614]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Paraíso,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70BFF0E6B0E5F923B" box="[1252,1393,586,614]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="45" value="-14.695833">14º41′45″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70FA60E4C0A7A92D7" box="[189,340,621,650]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-57.410557">57º24′38″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70E7A0E4E0A8092D7" box="[353,430,623,650]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="520.0">520 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70EA00E4E095192D4" box="[443,639,623,650]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-15" valueMax="2011-01-22" valueMin="2011-01-15">15–22 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70B410E4E0F9C92D4" box="[1114,1202,623,649]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 4 ♂♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Rosa Branca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70D210EB009E692F0" box="[570,712,657,685]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-14.566389">14º33′59″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70DCE0EB0084292F0" box="[725,876,657,685]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="33" value="-57.87583">57º52′33″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70C6C0EB208EA92F0" box="[887,964,659,685]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="312.0">312 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70CCA0EB30FB692F0" box="[977,1176,658,685]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-18" valueMax="2011-02-25" valueMin="2011-02-18">18–25 Feb. 2011</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70EB10E97092C928D" box="[426,514,694,720]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 3 ♂♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Rosa Branca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70B580E950FFE928D" box="[1091,1232,692,720]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-14.565833">14º33′57″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70BC70E950E5C928C" box="[1244,1394,692,721]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-57.87611">57º52′34″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70FA60EFB0A2992A9" box="[189,263,730,756]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.21" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="321.0">321 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70E0B0EFB0AFC92A9" box="[272,466,730,756]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-20" valueMax="2011-02-27" valueMin="2011-02-20">20–27 Feb. 2011</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70C8F0EFB08C292A9" box="[916,1004,730,756]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Rosa Branca,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70E790EDD0ADE9345" box="[354,496,764,792]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-14.566667">14º34′00″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EE50EDD09BB9345" box="[510,661,764,792]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-57.873333">57º52′24″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70DB90EDC09C19345" box="[674,751,765,792]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.68" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="468.0">468 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70DE60EDF08E89345" box="[765,966,765,792]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-02-18" valueMax="2011-02-20" valueMin="2011-02-18">18–20 Feb. 2011</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70E6A0F000AE79366" box="[369,457,801,827]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 7 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70D340F00095C9361" box="[559,626,801,828]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">4 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Sudamata,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70B5A0F3E0FE09366" box="[1089,1230,799,827]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-14.621667">14º37′18″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70BC00F3E0E5C9361" box="[1243,1394,799,828]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-57.966946">57º58′01″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70FA60F650A279302" box="[189,265,836,863]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="354.0">354 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70E0E0F640ACF9302" box="[277,481,837,863]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-03-10" valueMax="2012-03-17" valueMin="2012-03-10">10–17 Mar. 2012</date>
|
||
, flight interception trap, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70CAF0F640F229302" box="[948,1036,837,863]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 3 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70B6B0F640FB29302" box="[1136,1180,837,863]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Tangará da Serra, Fazenda Sudamata,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EB10F47091693DF" box="[426,568,870,898]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-14.621667">14º37′18″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70D5D0F4709F093DE" box="[582,734,870,899]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-57.966946">57º58′01″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70DF10F49081693DE" box="[746,824,872,899]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="354.0">354 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70C5E0F490F3E93DF" box="[837,1040,872,898]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2012-02-21" valueMax="2012-02-23" valueMin="2012-02-21">21–23 Feb. 2012</date>
|
||
, pitfall with human and swine dung, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70ED90FAD093493FB" box="[450,538,908,934]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Tangará da Serra, Sítio Mauá,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70CC50FAB0F4393FB" box="[990,1133,906,934]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="39" value="-14.660833">14º39′39″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70B670FAB0E3B93FB" box="[1148,1301,906,934]" degrees="57" direction="west" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-57.405556">57º24′20″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDEFFF70A380FAD0E5F93FB" box="[1315,1393,908,934]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.79" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="479.0">479 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70FA60F8E0A539394" box="[189,381,943,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2011-01-19" valueMax="2011-01-26" valueMin="2011-01-19">19–26 Jan. 2011</date>
|
||
, R.J. Silva leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70D220F8E09BF9394" box="[569,657,943,969]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
). –
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDEFFF70DA20F8F09DB9394" bold="true" box="[697,757,942,969]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Pará</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70C1F0F8E08019397" box="[772,815,943,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Belterra,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70CB30F8C0F109397" box="[936,1086,941,970]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-54.54333">54º32′36″ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70B520F8C0FFB9394" box="[1097,1237,941,969]" degrees="02" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="15" seconds="50" value="-2.6138887">02º36′50″ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70BFA0F8E0E5C9394" box="[1249,1394,943,970]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2016-07-15">15 Jul. 2016</date>
|
||
, human and pig dung, F. França leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70D660FF209FB93B0" box="[637,725,979,1005]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂ ([dissected), Óbidos,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70B3E0FF20F9293B0" box="[1061,1212,979,1005]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1938-03-04">4 Mar. 1938</date>
|
||
, Zellibor-Hauff leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70FE30FD60A63944C" box="[248,333,1015,1041]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">MNRJ</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂ (dissected), Óbidos,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70D930FD6082A944C" box="[648,772,1014,1041]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1955-11">Nov. 1955</date>
|
||
, C.A.C. Seabra leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70CE50FD60F75944C" box="[1022,1115,1015,1041]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CMNC</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70BB00FD60FF9944C" box="[1195,1239,1015,1041]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Pau-d’Arco, Fazenda Marajoara,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EAF083909359469" box="[436,539,1048,1076]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-7.8333335">07º50′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70D30083909B29468" box="[555,668,1048,1077]" degrees="50" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-50.266666">50º16′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70DB0083B08629469" box="[683,844,1050,1076]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1998-10-13">13 Oct. 1998</date>
|
||
, P.Y. Scheffler leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70B5D083B0FB09469" box="[1094,1182,1050,1076]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂ (dissected), Redenção, Pinkaiti-Aik,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70EFE081D09629405" box="[485,588,1084,1112]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-7.7333336">07º44′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70D47081D09E29405" box="[604,716,1084,1112]" degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-52.033333">52º02′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70DC0081F087C9405" box="[731,850,1086,1112]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1999-06">Jun. 1999</date>
|
||
, P.Y. Scheffler leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70B50081F0F8D9405" box="[1099,1187,1086,1112]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
); 1 ♂, Redenção, Pinkaiti-Aik,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70E45087E0AEC9426" box="[350,450,1119,1147]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-7.7666664">07º46′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70ECB087E09109421" box="[464,574,1119,1148]" degrees="51" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-51.966667">51º58′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70D51084009EF9426" box="[586,705,1121,1147]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1999-10">Oct. 1999</date>
|
||
, P.Y. Scheffler leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70CAA08400F279426" box="[945,1033,1121,1147]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70B0508400F659421" box="[1054,1099,1121,1148]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Redenção, Pinkaiti-Aik,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70FA608A20A3194C2" box="[189,287,1155,1183]" degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-7.8333335">07º50′ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4AB1502AFFDEFFF70E3008A20AB994C2" box="[299,407,1155,1183]" degrees="50" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" precision="925" value="-50.266666">50º16′ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70EBA08A4093294C2" box="[417,540,1157,1183]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="1999-11">Nov. 1999</date>
|
||
, P.Y. Scheffler leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70C1F08A4087294C2" box="[772,860,1157,1183]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70C7408A4089F94C2" box="[879,945,1157,1183]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDEFFF70CA608A40F9894C2" authority="River [1852]" authorityName="River" authorityYear="1852" box="[957,1206,1156,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River [1852]</taxonomicName>
|
||
, H.W. Bates leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70FDE08880A0A949E" box="[197,292,1193,1219]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
); 2 ♂♂,
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDEFFF70E9208880AE2949E" box="[393,460,1193,1219]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, Santarém,
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDEFFF70D4C088809FC949E" box="[599,722,1193,1219]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" value="2010-05">May 2010</date>
|
||
, V.H. Oliveira leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70CA708880F3A949E" box="[956,1044,1193,1219]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">CEMT</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDEFFF70FA608CB08A39558" blockId="74.[189,909,1256,1285]" box="[189,909,1256,1285]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Ambiguous data: 1 ♂, “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDEFFF70ECE08CA091A9558" box="[469,564,1259,1285]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Amazon</emphasis>
|
||
” (
|
||
<collectionCode id="4994AE28FFDEFFF70D4B08CB09BA9559" box="[592,660,1258,1284]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">ISNB</collectionCode>
|
||
– Coll. J. Thomson).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="679F6566FFDEFFF30FA6090D09659296" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDEFFF70FA6090D0A45951B" blockId="74.[189,363,1324,1350]" box="[189,363,1324,1350]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFDEFFF70FA6090D0A45951B" bold="true" box="[189,363,1324,1350]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDEFFF70FA6090D0A45951B" bold="true" box="[189,363,1324,1350]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDEFFF70FA6097A0E5995BD" blockId="74.[189,1399,1371,1504]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">COLOURATION. Surface of the entire body with very dark shades. Head predominantly purple with greenish reflections, especially at centre. Pronotum with green shine at centre and purplish on the sides. Elytra usually dark green with purplish striae; in some specimens, elytra dark blue. Metaventrite very dark, with coppery or purple reflections. Meso- and metafemora dark brown or reddish-brown. Pygidium dark green.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDEFFF70FA60A2909BC96ED" blockId="74.[189,1399,1543,1712]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
HEAD. Tegument shiny, with strong alveolar microsculpture and covered by dense micropunctation, which is almost imperceptible or even absent only at the external edge of head (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDEFFF70B730A0A0FEB961B" box="[1128,1221,1579,1606]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[212,1372,265,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[212,1376,265,1895]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 6. Head, dorsal view. A. Sylvicanthon enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. B. S. candezei (Harold, 1869). C. S. genieri sp. nov. D. S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. E. S. seag sp. nov. F. S. securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov. G. S. furvus (Schmidt, 1920)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824791" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824791/files/figure.png" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus with two apical teeth obtuse and contiguous at base; with a single transverse row of very short setae covering the base of both teeth. Genae with a weak tooth immediately behind clypeal-genal juncture. Posterior edge of head unmargined between eyes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDEFFF60FA60AF9088A9115" blockId="74.[189,1399,1752,2027]" lastBlockId="75.[189,1398,267,328]" lastPageId="75" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">THORAX. Tegument of pronotum with diffuse shine, dark and with dense micropunctation at centre, denser and more marked than on head; towards the sides, micropunctation less dense and less marked, being completely absent or only very weakly impressed on the lateral margin; tegument with strong microsculpture throughout pronotal surface (southern populations) or with weak or almost absent microsculpture (northern populations). Posterior edge of head with a fine transverse line at centre (usually extending a little beyond the second elytral stria). Hypomeral cavity with tegument entirely glabrous or with only some few long or short yellowish setae at posterior region near to hypomeral carina, but always glabrous at centre; external margin simple, without any trace of tubercle. Metaventrite entirely glabrous; anterior region with tegument with distinct rivose microsculpture; centre and posterior region with dense alveolar microsculpture obliterating micropunctation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDFFFF60FA60D510FED92FE" blockId="75.[189,1399,368,676]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
LEGS. Ventral surface of all femora and tibiae dark (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDFFFF60C340D5108B091D6" box="[815,926,368,395]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="75.[189,232,2000,2026]" captionTargetBox="[260,1328,1219,1969]" captionTargetId="figure@75.[252,1336,1217,1969]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Fig. 25. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869). A. Dorsal view. B.Ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824829" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824829/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Profemora with tegument with strong alveolar microsculpture at their anterior half and with strong rivose microsculpture at posterior half. Protibiae narrow and straight on internal margin; at their apical seventh, with two tiny, acute external teeth – the apical one slightly larger than the second (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDFFFF60C200DF808B091A9" box="[827,926,473,500]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="25.[189,232,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[196,1391,645,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[189,1399,645,1755]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Fig. 11. Morphological diversity in the protibiae of Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977. A. S. enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. B. S. aequinoctialis (Harold, 1869) comb. nov. C. S. securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov. D. S. obscurus (Schmidt, 1920). E. S. furvus (Schmidt, 1920). F. S. bridarollii (Martínez, 1949) (southern populations). G. S. bridarollii (northern populations). H. S. attenboroughi sp. nov. I. S. edmondsi sp. nov. J. S. candezei (Harold, 1869). Note the variation related to the presence and degree of development of an expansion on the internal edge of protibiae and to the number, size and position of the external teeth." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824801/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Fig. 11J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesofemora margined anteriorly only at their basal three-fourths; unmargined portion of anterior edge with a row of short setae; tegument with strong rivose microsculpture. Metafemora margined only anteriorly; apical third of anterior edge covered by a row of setae; tegument with strong rivose microsculpture obliterating micropunctation, which is almost imperceptible; without coarse elongate punctation at base. Metatarsomeres II and V subequal in length and longer than the others; metatarsomere IV shorter than the others.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDFFFF60FA60EED09C793CB" blockId="75.[189,1399,715,918]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">ELYTRA. With only seven narrow visible striae: first four to five striae strongly impressed, very finely carinulate and widened at base; fifth, sixth and seventh striae progressively more effaced and interrupted; all striae lack carenule before reaching apex of elytra, where they are marked only by microsculpture or are completely indistinct; humeral carina absent. Tegument of interstriae either with alveolar microsculpture and very dense micropunctation (southern populations) or with very weak or even absent alveolar microsculpture (northern populations).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDFFFF60FA60F9C088D9440" blockId="75.[189,1399,956,1053]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
ABDOMEN. Ventrite VI smooth at centre and with weaker rivose microsculpture on the sides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDFFFF60BE50F9D0E7E938A" box="[1278,1360,956,983]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1649,1675]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,378,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[189,1399,376,1605]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. A. Ventral view of the anterior region of the pterothorax of S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. Abbreviations: MsEs = mesoventrite; SEs = meso-metaventrite suture; MsC = mesocoxa; RAMtEs = anterior region of metaventrite. B–E. Sexual dimorphism in the abdominal ventrites of Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920), ♀. Note the three lateral foveae between ventrites I–II, II–III, and III–IV and the broad ventrite VI at the middle, without emargination on its posterior edge and without its anterior edge covered by a medial flange of ventrite V. C. S. proseni stat. et comb. nov., ♀, ventrite VI broad. D. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♂. Note how the ventrite VI is narrow at the middle due to the emargination on its porterior edge and to the medial flage of the posterior edge of the ventrite V. E. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♀. Despite its posterior edge not being emarginate, its anterior edge is covered by a well-developed medial flange of ventrite V, which gives a narrowed aspect to the centre of ventrite VI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824807/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
D– E). Pairs of foveae absent in both sexes. Pygidium with tegument with strong alveolar microsculpture and dense micropunctation; average length equal in both sexes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDFFFF60FA608650E5894DF" blockId="75.[189,1399,1092,1154]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">AEDEAGUS. Parameres short, less than half as long as phallobase, and slightly asymmetrical: external face of left paramere flat or concave and external face of right paramere convex (difference more easily seen</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7BFA6665FFDFFFF60FA60BF10F7097B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824829" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3824829" box="[189,1118,2000,2027]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824829/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" startId="75.[189,232,2000,2026]" targetBox="[260,1328,1219,1969]" targetPageId="75">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDFFFF60FA60BF10F7097B7" blockId="75.[189,1118,2000,2027]" box="[189,1118,2000,2027]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDFFFF60FA60BF10A3497B7" bold="true" box="[189,282,2000,2026]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Fig. 25.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDFFFF60E3B0BF109F197B6" authority="(Harold, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[288,735,2000,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDFFFF60E3B0BF1090897B7" box="[288,550,2000,2026]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Sylvicanthon candezei</emphasis>
|
||
(Harold, 1869)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDFFFF60DF20BF109D097B7" bold="true" box="[745,766,2000,2026]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal view.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDFFFF60CB30BF1089297B7" bold="true" box="[936,956,2000,2026]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">B</emphasis>
|
||
.Ventral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7BFA6665FFD8FFF10FA60B470E6997B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824831" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3824831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824831/files/figure.png" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" startId="76.[189,232,1894,1920]" targetBox="[195,1398,471,1849]" targetPageId="76">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD8FFF10FA60B470E6997B7" blockId="76.[189,1399,1894,2026]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10FA60B470A3297DD" bold="true" box="[189,284,1894,1920]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Fig. 26.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD8FFF10E3E0B4709C997DC" authority="(Harold, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[293,743,1894,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10E3E0B47090397DD" box="[293,557,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Sylvicanthon candezei</emphasis>
|
||
(Harold, 1869)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type material.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10C870B47089F97DD" bold="true" box="[924,945,1894,1920]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10CD90B4708FF97DD" bold="true" box="[962,977,1894,1920]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">a</emphasis>
|
||
. Lectotype.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10B730B470F5697DD" bold="true" box="[1128,1144,1894,1920]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">b</emphasis>
|
||
. Labels of lectotype.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10FA60BA80BE497FE" bold="true" box="[189,202,1929,1955]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">c</emphasis>
|
||
. Labels of paralectotype 3.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10D120BA8093397FE" bold="true" box="[521,541,1929,1955]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">B</emphasis>
|
||
. The four localities where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD8FFF10C4A0BA808FD97FE" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[849,979,1929,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10C4A0BA808FD97FE" box="[849,979,1929,1955]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD8FFF10EAD0B8D093F979B" box="[438,529,1964,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
region in 1852 (see discussion in the text).
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10B1E0B8D0F34979B" bold="true" box="[1029,1050,1964,1990]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">C</emphasis>
|
||
. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD8FFF10DFE0BF1084797B4" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[741,873,1999,2026]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD8FFF10DFE0BF1084797B4" box="[741,873,1999,2026]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type series (modified from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFD8FFF10BB50BEE0E1597B7" author="Bidau C. J." box="[1198,1339,1999,2026]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="131 - 140" refId="ref131333" refString="Bidau C. J. 2014. The katydid that was: the tanana, stridulation, Henry Water Bates and Charles Darwin. Archives of Natural History 41 (1): 131 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.3366 / anh. 2014.0216" type="journal article" year="2014">Bidau 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60D2A0A109114" blockId="77.[189,1398,267,329]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
in ventral view). In lateral view, parameres without ventral keel and with a profound notch at middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFD9FFF00FDD0D0E0A1F9114" box="[198,305,303,329]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="49.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[189,1386,973,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@49.[189,1399,969,1854]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="Fig. 17. Aedeagus morphological diversity in Sylvicanthon. A. S. enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920). C. S. candezei (Harold, 1869) (arrows points to the ventral notch). D. S. genieri sp. nov. (idem). E. S. aequinoctialis (Harold, 1868). F. S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824813/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 17C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60D500E1A9246" blockId="77.[189,1399,369,540]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
SEXUAL DIMORPHISM.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00EBC0D530ADF91D1" bold="true" box="[423,497,370,396]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Males</emphasis>
|
||
: Protibial spur wide and bifid, with external projection spiniform, straight, and not very long, and internal projection bent and wide (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFD9FFF00C3C0DB408BF91ED" box="[807,913,405,432]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="30.[189,232,1790,1816]" captionTargetBox="[196,1383,292,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[196,1383,289,1754]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Fig. 15. Morphological variation and sexual dimorphism in the protibial spur of Sylvicanthon. A. S. enkerlini (Martínez et al., 1964) comb. nov., ♂. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920), ♂. C. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♂. D. S. genieri sp. nov., ♂. E. S. aequinoctialis (Harold, 1868), ♂. F. S. aequinoctialis comb. nov., ♀. G. S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov., ♂. H. S. proseni stat. et comb. nov., ♀. I. S. bridarollii (Martínez, 1949), ♂. J. S. seag sp. nov., ♂. K. S. edmondsi sp. nov.,♂. L. S. attenboroughi sp. nov., ♂. M. S. obscurus (Schmidt, 1920), ♂. N. S. furvus (Schmidt, 1920), ♂. O. S. securus (Schmidt, 1920) comb. nov., ♂." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824809/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventrite VI strongly narrowed at middle by emargination of its posterior edge and covered anteriorly by medial projection of ventrite V (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFD9FFF00BE40D980E44918E" box="[1279,1386,441,467]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1649,1675]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,378,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[189,1399,376,1605]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. A. Ventral view of the anterior region of the pterothorax of S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. Abbreviations: MsEs = mesoventrite; SEs = meso-metaventrite suture; MsC = mesocoxa; RAMtEs = anterior region of metaventrite. B–E. Sexual dimorphism in the abdominal ventrites of Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920), ♀. Note the three lateral foveae between ventrites I–II, II–III, and III–IV and the broad ventrite VI at the middle, without emargination on its posterior edge and without its anterior edge covered by a medial flange of ventrite V. C. S. proseni stat. et comb. nov., ♀, ventrite VI broad. D. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♂. Note how the ventrite VI is narrow at the middle due to the emargination on its porterior edge and to the medial flage of the posterior edge of the ventrite V. E. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♀. Despite its posterior edge not being emarginate, its anterior edge is covered by a well-developed medial flange of ventrite V, which gives a narrowed aspect to the centre of ventrite VI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824807/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00FA60DFC0A0D91AA" bold="true" box="[189,291,477,503]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Females</emphasis>
|
||
: Protibial spur spiniform, simple. Ventrite VI wide at middle and covered anteriorly by medial projection of ventrite V, which gives a narrowed appearance to it (but never as in male) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFD9FFF00BA50E200E099246" box="[1214,1319,513,539]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[189,232,1649,1675]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,378,1598]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[189,1399,376,1605]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="Fig. 14. A. Ventral view of the anterior region of the pterothorax of S. proseni (Martínez, 1949) stat. et comb. nov. Abbreviations: MsEs = mesoventrite; SEs = meso-metaventrite suture; MsC = mesocoxa; RAMtEs = anterior region of metaventrite. B–E. Sexual dimorphism in the abdominal ventrites of Sylvicanthon Halffter & Martínez, 1977. B. S. foveiventris (Schmidt, 1920), ♀. Note the three lateral foveae between ventrites I–II, II–III, and III–IV and the broad ventrite VI at the middle, without emargination on its posterior edge and without its anterior edge covered by a medial flange of ventrite V. C. S. proseni stat. et comb. nov., ♀, ventrite VI broad. D. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♂. Note how the ventrite VI is narrow at the middle due to the emargination on its porterior edge and to the medial flage of the posterior edge of the ventrite V. E. S. candezei (Harold, 1869), ♀. Despite its posterior edge not being emarginate, its anterior edge is covered by a well-developed medial flange of ventrite V, which gives a narrowed aspect to the centre of ventrite VI." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824807/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60E620A5B9200" blockId="77.[189,373,579,605]" box="[189,373,579,605]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFD9FFF00FA60E620A5B9200" bold="true" box="[189,373,579,605]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00FA60E620A5B9200" bold="true" box="[189,373,579,605]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60E5308669289" blockId="77.[189,1399,626,724]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Males (N = 13).
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E990E530A9A92D1" bold="true" box="[386,436,626,652]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">TL:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 6.7 ± 0.56;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D620E52098392D0" box="[633,685,627,653]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 7.6; MN: 5.8.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00C7A0E5308B792D1" bold="true" box="[865,921,626,652]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">EW:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 4.8 ± 0.38;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00B440E520FBD92D0" box="[1119,1171,627,653]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 5.3; MN: 4.1.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00A5C0E530E5992D1" bold="true" box="[1351,1399,626,652]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PL:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 2.0 ± 0.22;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00E630EB70A8292ED" box="[376,428,662,688]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 2.5; MN: 1.8.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00D440EB709BA92ED" bold="true" box="[607,660,662,688]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PW:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 4.1 ± 0.29;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00C430EB708A292ED" box="[856,908,662,688]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 4.5; MN: 3.6.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00B250EB70F5592ED" bold="true" box="[1086,1147,662,688]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PgL:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 1.4 ± 0.19;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00A240EB70E5D92ED" box="[1343,1395,662,688]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 1.9; MN: 1.1.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E780E9B0A879289" bold="true" box="[355,425,698,724]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PgW:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 2.0 ± 0.17;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D700E9B09B19289" box="[619,671,698,724]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 2.3; MN: 1.7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60EDD08689303" blockId="77.[189,1399,764,862]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Females (N = 14).
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E870EDD0AE3934B" bold="true" box="[412,461,764,790]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">TL:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 6.7 ± 0.48;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D8A0EDD09EB934B" box="[657,709,764,790]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 7.4; MN: 6.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00C790EDD08B5934B" bold="true" box="[866,923,764,790]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">EW:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 4.8 ± 0.25;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00B7B0EDD0FBA934B" box="[1120,1172,764,790]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 5.3; MN: 4.4.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00A5C0EDD0E59934B" bold="true" box="[1351,1399,764,790]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PL:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 2.26 ± 0.16;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00E9F0F010A969367" box="[388,440,800,826]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 2.5; MN: 1.9.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00D7C0F0109B09367" bold="true" box="[615,670,800,826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PW:</emphasis>
|
||
ME: 4.2 ± 0.2;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00C4C0F0108A59367" box="[855,907,800,826]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 4.6; MN: 3.9.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00B210F010F569367" bold="true" box="[1082,1144,800,826]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PgL:</emphasis>
|
||
ME: 1.4 ± 0.09;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00A240F010E5D9367" box="[1343,1395,800,826]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 1.2; MN: 1.5.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E780F650A879303" bold="true" box="[355,425,836,862]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">PgW:</emphasis>
|
||
AV: 2.1 ± 0.11;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D730F6509B29303" box="[616,668,836,862]" name="Mexico" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">MX</collectingCountry>
|
||
: 2.3; MN: 1.9.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60FA7092C93FD" blockId="77.[189,514,902,928]" box="[189,514,902,928]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFD9FFF00FA60FA7092C93FD" bold="true" box="[189,514,902,928]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00FA60FA7092C93FD" bold="true" box="[189,514,902,928]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA60F9409CE93AE" blockId="77.[189,1398,949,1011]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Humid tropical forests from the mouth of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00DE30F9408B19392" authority="River" authorityName="River" box="[760,927,949,975]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River</taxonomicName>
|
||
down to the semideciduous forests of southern and southeastern Amazonia in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D8A0FF809F793AE" box="[657,729,985,1011]" name="Brazil" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA6083A0A699468" blockId="77.[189,327,1051,1077]" box="[189,327,1051,1077]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFD9FFF00FA6083A0A699468" bold="true" box="[189,327,1051,1077]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00FA6083A0A699468" bold="true" box="[189,327,1051,1077]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ecoregions</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA6086B080894D4" blockId="77.[189,1398,1098,1161]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Uatuma-Trombetas Moist Forests, Madeira-Tapajós Moist Forests, Tapajós-Xingu Moist Forests,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00A23086A0A3E94D5" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
Tropical Dry Forest, Chiquitiano Dry Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA608910AC99497" blockId="77.[189,487,1200,1226]" box="[189,487,1200,1226]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00FA608910A579497" bold="true" box="[189,377,1200,1226]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Collecting sites</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFD9FFF00E9208910AF19497" box="[393,479,1200,1226]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[190,233,2000,2026]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,1087,1964]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[189,1397,1087,1964]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 24. Distribution of the three species of the candezei subgroup." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824827/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA608C10FE99540" blockId="77.[189,1398,1246,1310]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00FA608C10A0594A7" box="[189,299,1248,1274]" name="Brazil" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E2508FF0A5494A4" bold="true" box="[318,378,1246,1273]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00E2508FF0A5494A4" box="[318,378,1246,1273]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Belterra, Óbidos, Pau-d’Arco, Redenção, Santarém.
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00B3D08C10FE194A4" bold="true" box="[1062,1231,1247,1274]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00B3D08C10FE194A4" box="[1062,1231,1247,1274]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Araputanga, Curvelândia, Diamantino, Indiavaí, Nobres, Nova Mutum, Querência, Tangará da Serra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA6096408379502" blockId="77.[189,793,1349,1376]" box="[189,793,1349,1376]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFD9FFF00FA6096408379502" bold="true" box="[189,793,1349,1376]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00FA6096408379502" bold="true" box="[189,793,1349,1376]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Intraspecific variation and taxonomic discussion</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF00FA609550FD8968C" blockId="77.[189,1399,1395,1746]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Since the beginning of the 20
|
||
<superScript id="D8F09BA5FFD9FFF00D390952090195DC" attach="left" box="[546,559,1395,1409]" fontSize="6" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">th</superScript>
|
||
century, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00C5C095408F195D2" authorityName="Halffter & Martinez" authorityYear="1977" box="[839,991,1397,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00C5C095408F195D2" box="[839,991,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Sylvicanthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
collected throughout the Amazon region have been misidentified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00D5D09B809E695EF" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[582,712,1432,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00D5D09B809E695EF" box="[582,712,1432,1459]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both in collections and in publications. Nevertheless, even individuals from places as distant from that biome as Rio de Janeiro also suffered from that mistake, as a specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00E4909C00AD695A7" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[338,504,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foveiventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E4909C00AD695A7" box="[338,504,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. foveiventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colleted in Itatiaia in 1959 and now deposited in the MNRJ has shown. Two other species that were largely confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00DC90A2508789643" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[722,854,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00DC90A2508789643" box="[722,854,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00C9C0A2508F49643" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[903,986,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seag" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00C9C0A2508F49643" box="[903,986,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. seag</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFD9FFF00CFB0A240F149642" box="[992,1082,1541,1567]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00B690A250FCC9643" authority="Cupello & Vaz-De, 2018" authorityName="Cupello & Vaz-De" authorityYear="2018" box="[1138,1250,1540,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="genieri" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00B690A250FCC9643" box="[1138,1250,1540,1566]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. genieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="06C25784FFD9FFF00BF20A240E6D9642" box="[1257,1347,1541,1567]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The great confusion in the recognition of the true identity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00C470A0908CF961F" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[860,993,1576,1602]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00C470A0908CF961F" box="[860,993,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
naturally brought to publication a large amount of incorrect information on the geographical distribution of this species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFD9FFF00BAC0A6D0E5C963B" author="Schmidt A." box="[1207,1394,1612,1638]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="61 - 103" refId="ref145305" refString="Schmidt A. 1922. 1. Bestimmungstabelle der mir bekannten Canthon - Arten. 2. Verbreitungsgebiete der Canthon - Arten. 3. Neubeschreibungen von Canthon, Saprositis, Mendidius, Euparia und Ataenius. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte Abteilung A 88 (3): 61 - 103. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 13259701 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1922">Schmidt (1922)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, for example, cited “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00EB70A5108A896D7" box="[428,902,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
Amazonas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D2D0A5109B296D7" box="[566,668,1648,1674]" name="Suriname" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Surinam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Cayenne,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00C3A0A5108A896D7" box="[801,902,1648,1674]" name="Ecuador" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
” as being the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00BF20A510E4196D7" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[1257,1391,1648,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00BF20A510E4196D7" box="[1257,1391,1648,1674]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and that was followed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFD9FFF00EEF0AB509D096F3" author="Martinez A. & Halffter G. & Halffter V." box="[500,766,1683,1710]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref140396" refString="Martinez A., Halffter G. & Halffter V. 1964. Notas sobre el genero Glaphyrocanthon (Coleopt., Scarab., Canthonina). Acta Zoologica Mexicana 7 (3): 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1964">
|
||
Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00D7C0AB5098A96F0" box="[615,676,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1964)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who considered this species was distributed in most parts of the Amazonia, including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00D580A960991968C" box="[579,703,1719,1745]" name="Venezuela" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00DD00A960810968C" box="[715,830,1719,1745]" name="Suriname" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Suriname</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00C510A9608D5968C" box="[842,1019,1719,1745]" name="French Guiana" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00B1D0A960F7F968C" box="[1030,1105,1719,1745]" name="Brazil" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFD9FFF00B950A960FDC968C" box="[1166,1266,1719,1745]" name="Ecuador" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFD9FFF30FA60ADB0A9E9131" blockId="77.[189,1399,1785,2027]" lastBlockId="78.[189,1399,267,364]" lastPageId="78" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
|
||
In the present work, we observed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00D640ADB082A974E" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[639,772,1785,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00D640ADB082A974E" box="[639,772,1785,1812]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has actually a much more restricted distribution than previously thought, being limited to eastern Amazonia, from the mouth of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00B7C0B3C0E20976A" authority="River" authorityName="River" box="[1127,1294,1821,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00A200B3C0E5C976A" box="[1339,1394,1821,1847]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
, south to the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00EAF0B6309609706" box="[436,590,1857,1884]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFD9FFF00D7B0B6009949706" box="[608,698,1857,1883]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="71.[190,233,2000,2026]" captionTargetBox="[189,1397,1087,1964]" captionTargetId="figure@71.[189,1397,1087,1964]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Fig. 24. Distribution of the three species of the candezei subgroup." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824827/files/figure.png" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). Interestingly enough, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00CEE0B630FBE9706" box="[1013,1168,1857,1884]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00A200B600E5C9706" box="[1339,1394,1857,1883]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
, specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFD9FFF00E7A0B470AC89722" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[353,486,1893,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFD9FFF00E7A0B470AC89722" box="[353,486,1893,1920]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found only at sites in the outer limits of the Amazon forest, i.e., places close to the transition between that biome and the Cerrado and Pantanal; no specimens were collected farther inland in this part of the Amazon region despite extensive collections made in places such as Cotriguaçu, Alta Floresta, Carlinda, and Nova Bandeirante, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFD9FFF00CB40BF00F6397B6" box="[943,1101,2001,2027]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and Novo Progresso, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30FA60D2A0BDB9178" box="[189,245,267,293]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
. This information tells us that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30D490D2D09F89178" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[594,726,267,294]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30D490D2D09F89178" box="[594,726,267,294]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has possibly its southern distribution more closely related to the peripherical areas of the Amazon Rainforest, whereas northern populations are present farther inland in that biome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDAFFF30FA60DB409659296" blockId="78.[189,1399,404,715]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Apart from this supposed difference in habitat preference, southern and northern populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30FA60D990A6E918F" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[189,320,440,466]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30FA60D990A6E918F" box="[189,320,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also exhibit clear morphological distinctions. Specimens collected in Óbidos, Santarém, and in the region of the lower
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30EFC0DFA09A591A8" authority="River" authorityName="River" box="[487,651,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30DA80DFD09C491AB" box="[691,746,476,502]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
, have pronotal and elytral tegument with a more smooth microsculpture, which is sometimes almost absent, so giving a brighter appearance to the entire body and a greater contrast to the elytral striae. Conversely, southern population in southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30BB70E020FCE9260" box="[1196,1248,547,573]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Pau d’Arco and Redenção) and in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30ED90E660974923D" box="[450,602,582,609]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Mato Grosso</collectingRegion>
|
||
have a strong microsculpture, with a very dark pronotum and elytra and very subtle elytral striae. Concerning colouration, such a variable feature among other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30BC30E4B0E5E92D9" authorityName="Halffter & Martinez" authorityYear="1977" box="[1240,1392,618,644]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30BC30E4B0E5E92D9" box="[1240,1392,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Sylvicanthon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30FC00EAF0A7092FA" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[219,350,653,680]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30FC00EAF0A7092FA" box="[219,350,653,680]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is much more uniform, with the majority of the specimens of all populations being dark green with a weak metallic sheen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="679F6566FFDAFFF20FA60ED20A6F95C4" lastPageId="79" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDAFFF30FA60ED20A6A9350" blockId="78.[189,324,755,781]" box="[189,324,755,781]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFDAFFF30FA60ED20A6A9350" bold="true" box="[189,324,755,781]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30FA60ED20A6A9350" bold="true" box="[189,324,755,781]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Comments</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDAFFF30FA60F030A409468" blockId="78.[189,1399,802,1077]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
The type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30EB90F0309049361" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[418,554,802,828]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30EB90F0309049361" box="[418,554,802,828]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected by the much-celebrated English naturalist and explorer Henry Walter Bates (
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDAFFF30EB50F64091B933D" box="[430,565,837,864]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1825" valueMax="1892">1825–1892</date>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDAFFF30D570F64099A933D" box="[588,692,837,864]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[195,1398,471,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[189,1399,461,1853]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 26. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) type material. A. a. Lectotype. b. Labels of lectotype. c. Labels of paralectotype 3. B. The four localities where S. candezei type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower Tapajós region in 1852 (see discussion in the text). C. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the S. candezei type series (modified from Bidau 2014)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824831/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 26C</figureCitation>
|
||
) during his long and famous collecting period in the Amazon Basin between
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDAFFF30E6A0F48090A93D9" box="[369,548,873,900]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1848" valueMax="1859">1848 and 1859</date>
|
||
. As the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30C260F480FAB93D9" authority=", Harold (1869 a)" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[829,1157,873,900]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30C260F4808EC93DE" box="[829,962,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDAFFF30CCA0F480FAB93D9" author="Harold E." box="[977,1157,873,900]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="95 - 104" refId="ref136579" refString="Harold E. 1869 a. Diagnosen neuer Coprophagen. Coleopterologische Hefte 5: 95 - 104. Available from https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16069770 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1869">Harold (1869a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cited “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30BC00F4B0E1993DE" box="[1243,1335,874,899]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30BC00F4B0E1993DE" box="[1243,1335,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” and this information is indeed present on the labels of all the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDAFFF30C520FAC089D93FA" box="[841,947,909,935]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. Nevertheless, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30B900FAD0E0293FB" authority="River" authorityName="River" box="[1163,1324,908,934]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the largest tributaries of the Amazon, covering almost eight hundred kilometres from its formation in the convergence of the Teles Pires and Juruena Rivers to its mouth situated near the city of Santarém, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30FA60FD60BDB944C" box="[189,245,1015,1041]" country="Suriname" name="Para" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Pará</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Therefore, where exactly in this vast area would have Bates collected the oldest known specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30FC6083A0A4F9468" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[221,353,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30FC6083A0A4F9468" box="[221,353,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDAFFF30FA6087C08D2967F" blockId="78.[189,1399,1116,1570]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
In his journey’s narrative,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDAFFF30EE8087C09A4942A" author="Bates H. W." box="[499,650,1116,1143]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refId="ref130982" refString="Bates H. W. 1863. The Naturalist on the River Amazons, a Record of Adventures, Habits of Animals, Sketches of Brazilian and Indian Life, and Aspects of Nature under the Equator, during Eleven Years of Travel. John Murray, London (two volumes). https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 103298" type="book" year="1863">Bates (1863)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
dedicated a full chapter to his exploration of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30BD6087D0BD594C7" authority="River. After" authorityName="River. After" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós River. After</taxonomicName>
|
||
spending almost six months in Santarém, a city on the banks of the Amazon, Bates decided to explore the lower region of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30D32088509A694E3" box="[553,648,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
. With that goal in mind, he rented a suitable vessel, hired a small crew and set off on the 8
|
||
<superScript id="D8F09BA5FFDAFFF30EC508E70AC59489" attach="left" box="[478,491,1222,1236]" fontSize="6" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">th</superScript>
|
||
of
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDAFFF30D0908E909A394BF" box="[530,653,1223,1250]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1852-06">June 1852</date>
|
||
. For the next four months, he navigated approximately
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDAFFF30A0C08E60E5894BC" box="[1303,1398,1223,1249]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="km" value="170.0">170 km</quantity>
|
||
upstream in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30E6108CA0AFB9558" box="[378,469,1259,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
and made collections in four main localities: Alter do Chão and Aveiro, on the right banks of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30E81092F0AD69575" box="[410,504,1294,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30D22092E09EE9574" box="[569,704,1295,1321]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
, on the left banks, besides having gone up for a few days the much narrower Cupari River, a tributary on the right banks of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30CEA09130F629511" box="[1009,1100,1330,1356]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B7BE2A68FFDAFFF30B4709130FE69510" box="[1116,1224,1330,1357]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="76.[189,232,1894,1920]" captionTargetBox="[195,1398,471,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@76.[189,1399,461,1853]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Fig. 26. Sylvicanthon candezei (Harold, 1869) type material. A. a. Lectotype. b. Labels of lectotype. c. Labels of paralectotype 3. B. The four localities where S. candezei type series may have been collected by Bates in the lower Tapajós region in 1852 (see discussion in the text). C. The English naturalist Henry Walter Bates (1825–1892), the collector of the S. candezei type series (modified from Bidau 2014)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3824831" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3824831/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 26B</figureCitation>
|
||
). At the end of this trip, Bates returned to Santarém, from where he then left to go up the Amazon River towards Ega (nowadays known as Tefé). By reading his accounts, it is not possible to find any mention to dung beetle collections, although it is clear that Bates collected a large number of insects in that region. Therefore, although we do not have the exact locality where Bates caught the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDAFFF30CA009E008C09586" box="[955,1006,1473,1499]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30B4109E00FF39587" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1114,1245,1472,1499]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30B4109E00FF39587" box="[1114,1245,1472,1499]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we do know at least that it was in the lower
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30D3109C509AB95A3" box="[554,645,1508,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
area, very likely either in Alter do Chão, Aveiros,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="ED41F80FFFDAFFF30BCE09C50E7995A3" box="[1237,1367,1508,1534]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
or at some point along the Cupari River, between
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDAFFF30DFE0A2908D6967F" box="[741,1016,1543,1570]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1852-06" valueMax="1852-10-31" valueMin="1852-06-00">June and October 1852</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDAFFF30FA60A6B0E7197B6" blockId="78.[189,1399,1609,2027]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Apart from the nine specimens listed in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDAFFF30DB60A6B09F09639" box="[685,734,1610,1636]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series above, three other females collected by Bates in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30FA60A4C0A3896DA" box="[189,278,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found in the BMNH collection. Two of them bear circular blue labels handwritten “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30A140A4F0E4D96DA" box="[1295,1379,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Tapayo</emphasis>
|
||
”, on one side, and “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30E830AB00A9B96F6" box="[408,437,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">54</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30ECA0AB00AC096F6" box="[465,494,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">18</emphasis>
|
||
”, on the other. According to Max Barclay (personal communication to MC, 2015), curator of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30E960A9509259693" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[397,523,1716,1742]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the BMNH, this code refers to a lot consisting of 237 beetles collected by Bates in “Amazon (Alta de Chia)
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDAFFF30D6D0AF909C796AF" box="[630,745,1752,1778]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.609344" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="mi" value="100.0">100 miles</quantity>
|
||
from Santaren on the Japayos”. This lot was bought in 1854 by the BMNH at the J.C. Stevens Auction Rooms, London, an auction house specialized in natural history and antiquities and then property of J.C. Stevens, brother of Samuel Stevens, English naturalist who arranged Bates’ travel to the Amazon region and from whom he received material there collected (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDAFFF30FDE0B470AB697DD" author="Anonymous" box="[197,408,1894,1920]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="264" refId="ref130576" refString="Anonymous 1899. Obituary. The Entomologist 32 (437): 264. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 11654528 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1899">Anonymous 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDAFFF30EBF0B47094B97DD" author="Carrington J. T." box="[420,613,1894,1920]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="161 - 162" refId="ref132737" refString="Carrington J. T. 1899. Samuel Stevens. Science-Gossip, new series 6 (66): 161 - 162. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 34123288 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="journal article" year="1899">Carrington 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). ‘Alta de Chia’ certainly refers to Alter do Chão, whereas ‘Japayos’ is a corruption of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30E9F0BA80ACF97FE" box="[388,481,1929,1955]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tapajós</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The third female in the BMNH, differently, has a circular blue label handwritten “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30FD10B8F0A2E979A" box="[202,256,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Braz</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDAFFF30E0D0B8F0A5E979A" box="[278,368,1966,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Tapajos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30E0D0B8F0A5E979A" box="[278,368,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Tapajos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, on the one face, and “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30D9F0B8C098F979A" box="[644,673,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">53</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDAFFF30DAC0B8C09FA979A" box="[695,724,1965,1991]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">27</emphasis>
|
||
”, on the other, code referring to, according to Barclay, 232 beetles collected by Bates in “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5792767DFFDAFFF30D0F0BF0097197B6" box="[532,607,2001,2027]" name="Brazil" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Banks of the Rio Japayos” and also auctioned by Stevens in 1854.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDBFFF20FA60D2D0915945C" blockId="79.[189,1399,267,1025]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
As none of those three females bears any label with Edgar von Harold’s handwriting, we do not consider them
|
||
<typeStatus id="F03E884FFFDBFFF20E730D110AE19117" box="[360,463,304,330]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20EEE0D1109569117" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[501,632,304,330]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20EEE0D1109569117" box="[501,632,304,330]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nonetheless, two of them have rectangular pinkish identification labels with other names: one was identified as “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20C190D7408F69133" box="[770,984,340,366]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">castanipes Reiche</emphasis>
|
||
”,
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20CEC0D740F939133" box="[1015,1213,340,366]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">nomen in litteris</emphasis>
|
||
that we do not know whether it was cited in the literature before, while the other specimen is labelled “S
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20BE50D5B0BDF91E5" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">errimanus mihi</emphasis>
|
||
” (
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20E090DBF0A6891E5" box="[274,326,414,440]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">mihi</emphasis>
|
||
, from the Latin, meaning “belonging to me”;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDBFFF20C6C0DBF0FEB91E5" author="Schenk E. T. & McMasters J. H." box="[887,1221,413,440]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref145216" refString="Schenk E. T. & McMasters J. H. 1956. Procedure in Taxonomy. Third Edition. Stanford University Press, Standford." type="book" year="1956">Schenk & McMasters 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDBFFF20FA60DE30A449181" author="Harold E." box="[189,362,450,476]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref136501" refString="Harold E. 1868 a. Monographie der Gattung Canthon. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift 12: 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18680120104" type="journal article" year="1868">Harold (1868a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDBFFF20E6D0DE30AEA9180" author="Harold E." box="[374,452,450,477]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" refId="ref136616" refString="Harold E. 1869 b. Catalogus coleopterorum. Hucusque descriptorum, synonymicus et systematicus. Tom. IV. Scarabaeidae: 979 - 1346. Sumptu E. H. Gummi, Munich. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9641549 [accessed 30 May 2018]." type="url" year="1869">1869b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20EFE0DE209479181" box="[485,617,451,476]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">serrimanus</emphasis>
|
||
” was a
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20DDC0DE208A69181" box="[711,904,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">nomen in litteris</emphasis>
|
||
used by the French entomologist Auguste Chevrolat (
|
||
<date id="5B3B102DFFDBFFF20E240DC60AE8925C" box="[319,454,487,513]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" value="1799" valueMax="1884">1799–1884</date>
|
||
) to refer to the species named by Harold as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20CA60DC60FD8925C" authority="Harold, 1868" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1868" box="[957,1270,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chevrolati">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20CA60DC60F7A925C" box="[957,1108,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">C. chevrolati</emphasis>
|
||
Harold, 1868
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nowadays a subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20E9B0E2A08039278" authority="LeConte, 1886" authorityName="LeConte" authorityYear="1886" box="[384,813,523,550]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indigaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20E9B0E2A09409278" box="[384,622,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Canthon indigaceus</emphasis>
|
||
LeConte, 1886
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from North and Central
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20B7F0E2A0FE39278" box="[1124,1229,523,549]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="America" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">America</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Therefore, in principle, Chevrolat should have been the author of that identification label; indeed, although the majority of his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20E620E74093A9232" baseAuthorityName="Tarasov & Genier" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[377,532,597,623]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scarabaeinae">Scarabaeinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
collection is currently housed in the SMTD (via C. Felsche collection), other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20E1B0E580AAF92CE" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[256,385,633,659]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
groups of his collection, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20C1A0E58088092CE" box="[769,942,633,659]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cerambycidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were deposited at the BMNH (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B144B1CFFDBFFF20A000E580A6092E4" author="Horn W. & Kahle I." pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref137500" refString="Horn W. & Kahle I. 1935. Uber entomologische Sammlungen (Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Entomo- Museologie). Teil I. Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem 2: 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1935">Horn & Kahle 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Even so, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20D1A0EBF080792E5" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1868" box="[513,809,670,696]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="indigaceus" subSpecies="chevrolati">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20D1A0EBF080792E5" box="[513,809,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">C. indigaceus chevrolati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is completely distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20B900EBF0E3A92E5" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1163,1300,670,696]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20B900EBF0E3A92E5" box="[1163,1300,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in both morphology and distribution, it would be curious that such an experienced entomologist as Chevrolat could have confused them. Alternative explanations are that Harold perhaps confused the actual application of the name “
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20EF10F2D09409378" box="[490,622,780,805]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">serrimanus</emphasis>
|
||
” by Chevrolat and that this latter entomologist used that name to refer to the current
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20EBC0F1009039317" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[423,557,816,843]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20EBC0F1009039317" box="[423,557,816,843]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or that, in reality, the label’s author was not Chevrolat but, instead, a third unidentified entomologist who used the name ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20C3F0F7708869332" box="[804,936,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">serrimanus</emphasis>
|
||
’ independently from Chevrolat to refer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20FC10F5B0A7393CE" authorityName=", Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[218,349,889,916]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Sylvicanthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20FC10F5B0A7393CE" box="[218,349,889,916]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although these
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20D3A0F5B09C793CE" box="[545,745,889,915]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">nomina in litteris</emphasis>
|
||
are unavailable and, therefore, cannot affect the validity of the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20E560FBF090E93E5" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[333,544,926,952]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20E560FBF090E93E5" box="[333,544,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Canthon candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, tracing their histories is worthy because it allows us to better understand the dynamics of discovering and naming taxa in the 19
|
||
<superScript id="D8F09BA5FFDBFFF20C430FE0084B9392" attach="left" box="[856,869,961,975]" fontSize="6" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">th</superScript>
|
||
century, as well as communication between entomologists during the period.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDBFFF20FA6080B0A509419" blockId="79.[189,382,1066,1092]" box="[189,382,1066,1092]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<heading id="74728181FFDBFFF20FA6080B0A509419" bold="true" box="[189,382,1066,1092]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20FA6080B0A509419" bold="true" box="[189,382,1066,1092]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">Natural history</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2F3A36EDFFDBFFF20FA6087B0A6F95C4" blockId="79.[189,1399,1114,1433]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">
|
||
No information about the biology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20D98087B08259429" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[643,779,1114,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20D98087B08259429" box="[643,779,1114,1140]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been published until now. Label data state the species occurs in altitudes between 263 and
|
||
<quantity id="E87D9B08FFDBFFF20DC9085F083094C4" box="[722,798,1150,1177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" unit="m" value="520.0">520 m</quantity>
|
||
and is attracted to pitfall traps baited with human faeces and cow and pig dung, and that it can also be collected using flight interception traps. Apparently, adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20E3608E90A9D94BF" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[301,435,1224,1250]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20E3608E90A9D94BF" box="[301,435,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are active throughout the year, having been collected between January and May, and in July, October and December. Nonetheless, it is worth noting that it was during the first four months of the year that 115 out of the 157 examined specimens were caught (January:
|
||
<specimenCount id="3983FD64FFDBFFF20BD509300E5C9576" box="[1230,1394,1297,1324]" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" type="generic">35 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
; February: 20; March: 47; April: 13), indicating that, although active throughout the year,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8854D6EFFDBFFF20BEB09170E599512" authorityName="Harold" authorityYear="1869" box="[1264,1399,1333,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Canthon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candezei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1DF1EAFFFFDBFFF20BEB09170E599512" box="[1264,1399,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="80">S. candezei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be more abundant during the rainiest and hottest months than during the dry season in the middle of the year.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |