242 lines
32 KiB
XML
242 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="81B9940C72B7913D4D90582C76501BB3" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4175.3.8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4175.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6895d53c-d058-4495-b111-0446eec5d6c0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="160673" ID-ZooBank="511D3C4F-1A51-4B5A-BB9A-D91093D97AA3" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1476432839492" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Saetung, Tosaphol & Boonsoong, Boonsatien" docDate="2016" docId="A65787F7FF92FFC958FCFF3D8BC9F9D6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4175.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4175 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudagrion pruinosum Burmeister 1839" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="295" masterDocId="5A6EFF8FFF93FFCA586BFFA58E44FFCB" masterDocTitle="Description of the final instar larva of Pseudagrion pruinosum (Burmeister, 1839) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) from Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="292" pageNumber="293" updateTime="1698389882289" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="98BC8BBE0CC7A15506A4D6823EECAFDC">Description of the final instar larva of Pseudagrion pruinosum (Burmeister, 1839) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) from Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="040B04F23FF330002033A99F3D26A0D3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1ECCBF8B70312107D480EB3A3DB01476">Saetung, Tosaphol</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E5024D51FFC1DFEE8FDE9B7E00B2BF9D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CF2B6BE76D5451E715051BF19A2FAC79">Boonsoong, Boonsatien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="63C2A65E40D7BF1908C42EC2CC91F3F3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B3D25037484E75FDCB3158ED8CAB40EB">
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<mods:date id="5DD5E249CAD50CE45B816DCA2230EB1C">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="20995C7C8CBC42915C16E664DD40576F">4175</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="4BBA5916F574F34A7676353E6BDCA73E" type="issue">
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<mods:identifier id="246F5D1772646D41C87065BD067A4535" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4175.3.8</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="47712F0AFF92FFC958FCFF3D8BC9F9D6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="multiple">
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<treatment id="A65787F7FF92FFC958FCFF3D8BC9F9D6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5664071" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124996789" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5664071" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A65787F7FF92FFC958FCFF3D8BC9F9D6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A65787F7FF92FFC958FCFF3D8BC9F9D6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<subSubSection id="66E4656AFF92FFCB58FCFF3D8D27FF79" box="[151,867,151,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58FCFF3D8D27FF79" blockId="1.[151,867,151,178]" box="[151,867,151,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<heading id="7509818DFF92FFCB58FCFF3D8D27FF79" bold="true" box="[151,867,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58FCFF3D8D27FF79" bold="true" box="[151,867,151,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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Final instar of
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<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF92FFCB5924FF328D27FF79" ID-CoL="4NJDT" authority="Burmeister, 1839" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[335,867,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
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<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB5924FF328C31FF7A" bold="true" box="[335,629,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Pseudagrion pruinosum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="4A6F4B10FF92FFCB5AE8FF3D8D1EFF79" author="Burmeister" box="[643,858,152,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" refString="Burmeister, H. (1839) Handbuch der Entomologie. Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abtheilung. Kaukerfe. Gymnognatha. (Zweite Halfte; vulgo Neuroptera). Enslin, Berlin, 1050 pp." type="book" year="1839">Burmeister, 1839</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E4656AFF92FFCB58FCFF7B8C64FE1C" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58FCFF7B8C64FE1C" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58FCFF7B8FC5FF3C" bold="true" box="[151,385,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="38F8FD68FF92FFCB59E1FF7A8FB6FF3C" box="[394,498,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="adult">10 adults</specimenCount>
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and their exuviae (5 Ƌ
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<specimenCount id="38F8FD68FF92FFCB5B6FFF7B8D69FF3C" box="[772,813,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="56E97671FF92FFCB5B23FF7A8D98FF3C" box="[840,988,223,247]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
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; 1Ƌ
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<specimenCount id="38F8FD68FF92FFCB5C7EFF7A8A7DFF3C" box="[1045,1081,223,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="5A401021FF92FFCB5C2CFF7B8A8CFF3C" box="[1095,1224,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="2015-03-14">14.III.2015</date>
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, Kang Som Meaw (
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB58F4FEA78F63FED0" box="[159,295,258,283]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="13.407778">13°24′28″N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB595CFEA78FFFFED0" box="[311,443,258,283]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="99.28111">99°16′52″E</geoCoordinate>
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, altitude
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<quantity id="E9069B04FF92FFCB5A43FEA68C32FED0" box="[552,630,259,283]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="EC3AF803FF92FFCB5AE6FEA78D33FED0" box="[653,887,258,283]" country="Thailand" name="Ratchaburi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Ratchaburi province</collectingRegion>
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, T. Saetung leg.; 1Ƌ,
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<date id="5A401021FF92FFCB5C11FEA78ABEFED0" box="[1146,1274,258,283]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="2015-03-15">15.III.2015</date>
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, Swiss Valley Resort (
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB5899FE838F3FFEF4" box="[242,379,294,319]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="13.509167">13°30′33″N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB59E1FE838C66FEF4" box="[394,546,294,319]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="1" value="99.28661">99°17′11.8″E</geoCoordinate>
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, altitude
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<quantity id="E9069B04FF92FFCB5AE4FE838CABFEF4" box="[655,751,294,319]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.753" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="17.53">17.53 m</quantity>
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)
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<collectingRegion id="EC3AF803FF92FFCB5B6AFE838DAFFEF4" box="[769,1003,294,319]" country="Thailand" name="Ratchaburi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Ratchaburi province</collectingRegion>
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, T. Saetung leg.; 1Ƌ
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<specimenCount id="38F8FD68FF92FFCB5C8DFE828B4DFEF4" box="[1254,1289,295,319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="5A401021FF92FFCB5D71FE838BDCFEF4" box="[1306,1432,294,319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="2015-04-11">11.IV.2015</date>
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, Huay Khayeng (
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB5935FEEB8FA7FEAD" box="[350,483,330,358]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="14.605556">14o36′20′′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB599DFEEB8C3CFEAD" box="[502,632,330,358]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="98.577225">98o34′38′′E</geoCoordinate>
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, altitude
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<quantity id="E9069B04FF92FFCB5A86FEE88D78FEAD" box="[749,828,333,358]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="206.0">206 m</quantity>
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)
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<collectingRegion id="EC3AF803FF92FFCB5B39FEE88A27FEAD" box="[850,1123,333,358]" country="Thailand" name="Kanchanaburi" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Kanchanaburi province</collectingRegion>
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, T. Saetung leg.; 1Ƌ
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<specimenCount id="38F8FD68FF92FFCB5D19FEEB8BD1FEAD" box="[1394,1429,334,358]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="5A401021FF92FFCB58FCFED18F53FE46" box="[151,279,372,397]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="2015-03-22">22.III.2015</date>
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, Sarika Waterfall (
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB5999FED08C33FE46" box="[498,631,369,397]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="14.296111">14o17′46′′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB5AEDFED08D51FE46" box="[646,789,369,397]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="101.26972">101o16′11′′E</geoCoordinate>
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, altitude
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<quantity id="E9069B04FF92FFCB5BEAFED18D90FE46" box="[897,980,372,397]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.62" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="26.2">26.2 m</quantity>
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)
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<collectingRegion id="EC3AF803FF92FFCB5B8DFED18B47FE46" box="[998,1283,372,397]" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Nayok" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Nakhon Nayok province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="56E97671FF92FFCB5D7AFED18B33FE46" box="[1297,1399,372,397]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, T. Saetung leg.; 1Ƌ
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<specimenCount id="38F8FD68FF92FFCB5933FE3E8F3FFE78" box="[344,379,411,435]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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,
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<date id="5A401021FF92FFCB59E3FE3E8C4DFE7F" box="[392,521,411,436]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" value="2015-03-22">22.III.2015</date>
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, Nang Rong Waterfall (
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB5B7BFE3E8DD2FE7F" box="[784,918,407,436]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="14.3138895">14o18′50′′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="4BCA5026FF92FFCB5BCAFE3E8A74FE7F" box="[929,1072,407,436]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" precision="15" value="101.30667">101o18′24′′E</geoCoordinate>
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, altitude
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<quantity id="E9069B04FF92FFCB5CFEFE3E8AA0FE78" box="[1173,1252,411,435]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.72" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="m" value="37.2">37.2 m</quantity>
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)
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<collectingRegion id="EC3AF803FF92FFCB5C99FE3E8EB8FE1C" country="Thailand" name="Nakhon Nayok" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Nakhon Nayok province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="56E97671FF92FFCB596CFE1B8F29FE1C" box="[263,365,446,471]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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, T. Saetung leg.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66E4656AFF92FFC958ACFE468C47FA7B" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58ACFE468C81FDD4" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58ACFE468F1DFE37" bold="true" box="[199,345,483,508]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Description.</emphasis>
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Overall, the larvae were small (
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<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5ABAFE468D51FE30" box="[721,789,483,508]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,249,2005,2027]" captionTargetBox="[420,1147,202,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[417,1169,193,1978]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (1) final instar larva, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160674/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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), with very slender bodies, and a coloration that varied from yellowish brown to bright green (
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<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5A20FDA38CFCFDD4" box="[587,696,518,543]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 3" captionStartId="3.[151,263,1262,1285]" captionTargetBox="[329,1267,217,1224]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[329,1267,217,1225]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 3. Pseudagrion pruinosum (Burmeister, 1839): coloration of last instar larvae, lateral view; (2) yellowish brown; (3) bright green." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160675/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Figs. 2–3</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58ACFD8E8FA8FC3F" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
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<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58ACFD8E8F49FD8F" box="[199,269,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Head:</emphasis>
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2.5x wider than long, with a smooth, concave occiput, round postocular lobes with minute spines, and a concave posterior margin, with three prominent ocelli. Compound eyes narrow and rounded, protruding laterally. Antennae 1.23x longer than maximum head width, filiform, and 7–segmented, antennomere III longest, I and II similar in length; relative length of antennomeres 1.00 (
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<quantity id="E9069B04FF92FFCB5B78FD338D3FFD64" box="[787,891,662,687]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="293" unit="mm" value="0.54">0.54 mm</quantity>
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): 1.00: 1.10: 0.85: 0.45: 0.25: 0.20 (
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<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5D23FD338BCBFD64" box="[1352,1423,662,687]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 12" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[219,1390,225,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1395,219,1897]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 12. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (4) antenna; (5) right mandible, ventrointernal view; (6) right mandible, internal view; (7) left mandible, ventrointernal view; (8) left mandible, internal view; (9) prementum, dorsal view; (10) left labial palp; (11) right maxila, ventral view; (12) tibial comb. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). Labrum setose, clypeus smooth. Mandibles (
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<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5ACDFD1E8D51FD1F" box="[678,789,699,724]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 12" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[219,1390,225,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1395,219,1897]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 12. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (4) antenna; (5) right mandible, ventrointernal view; (6) right mandible, internal view; (7) left mandible, ventrointernal view; (8) left mandible, internal view; (9) prementum, dorsal view; (10) left labial palp; (11) right maxila, ventral view; (12) tibial comb. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Figs. 5–8</figureCitation>
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) with molar teeth, but lacking a molar crest, with the following formula: L 1+1’234y a / R 1+1’234 y a. Prementum (
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<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5B05FD7B8DF7FD3C" box="[878,947,734,759]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 12" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[219,1390,225,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1395,219,1897]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 12. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (4) antenna; (5) right mandible, ventrointernal view; (6) right mandible, internal view; (7) left mandible, ventrointernal view; (8) left mandible, internal view; (9) prementum, dorsal view; (10) left labial palp; (11) right maxila, ventral view; (12) tibial comb. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) subpentagonal, articulation of prementum and postmentum at level of posterior margin of coxae, with one premental seta and a row of three minute setae on each side of midline. In addition, a row of 6–10 spiniform setae along distal half of lateral margins, and a prominent spoon-shaped ligula with minute setae along the margin. Labial palp (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5BC2FCEE8DBFFCA8" box="[937,1019,843,868]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 12" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[219,1390,225,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1395,219,1897]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 12. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (4) antenna; (5) right mandible, ventrointernal view; (6) right mandible, internal view; (7) left mandible, ventrointernal view; (8) left mandible, internal view; (9) prementum, dorsal view; (10) left labial palp; (11) right maxila, ventral view; (12) tibial comb. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
) as long as 0.67x prementum length, with premental setae 3 on each side; apical lobe ending in well-developed end hook, a truncate, denticulate lobe with 5 teeth on anterior margin, and a movable, slender, and curved hook 0.64x as long as palp length. Maxilla: Galeolacinia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5958FC138FC6FC04" box="[307,386,950,975]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 12" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[219,1390,225,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1395,219,1897]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 12. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (4) antenna; (5) right mandible, ventrointernal view; (6) right mandible, internal view; (7) left mandible, ventrointernal view; (8) left mandible, internal view; (9) prementum, dorsal view; (10) left labial palp; (11) right maxila, ventral view; (12) tibial comb. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) with 6 teeth, apical tooth the largest, three dorsal teeth of approximately same size, and three ventral teeth of different sizes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58ACFC5B8C6AFB07" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58ACFC5B8F5CFBDC" box="[199,280,1022,1047]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Narrower than head, middle lobe of prothorax with a shallow groove in middle. Pronotum approximately hexagonal, glabrous, lateral margins rounded, pronotal disc smooth. Synthorax mostly glabrous, wing pads mostly pale, anterior and posterior wing pads reaching distal margin of S4. Long, thin femora with irregular dark spots and scattered spines, with the hind femora as long as
|
||
<date id="5A401021FF92FFCB5BAEFBCE8DA5FB48" box="[965,993,1131,1155]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">2x</date>
|
||
length of fore and mid femora. Borders of tibiae with scattered tridentate setae and a few unidentate setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5BFFFB2B8DACFB6C" box="[916,1000,1166,1191]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 12" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[219,1390,225,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[213,1395,219,1897]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 12. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (4) antenna; (5) right mandible, ventrointernal view; (6) right mandible, internal view; (7) left mandible, ventrointernal view; (8) left mandible, internal view; (9) prementum, dorsal view; (10) left labial palp; (11) right maxila, ventral view; (12) tibial comb. Scale = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160676/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tarsal formula 3–3–3, with 2 simple claws and a pulvilliform empodium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58ACFB738B0DFA27" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58ACFB738F75FB24" box="[199,305,1238,1263]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Slender and cylindrical, narrowed caudally, abdominal terga with dark spiniform setae, with a pale, longitudinal band along midline of each segment and a darker stripe to each side of this pale band. Posterior margins with a row of minute spiniform setae. Abdominal sterna with a distinct network of tracheoles, scattered spiniform setae, and a dark stripe along midline. Male gonapophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5B8DFAE68A37FA90" box="[998,1139,1347,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1391,208,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[165,1402,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (13) male gonapophyses, ventral view; (14) male gonapophyses, lateral view; (15) female gonapophyses, ventral view; (16) female gonapophyses, lateral view; (17) median gill; (18) lateral gill. Scale = 0.1 mm (13, 15); 0.2 mm (12, 14); 1 mm (16, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160677/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Figs. 13–14</figureCitation>
|
||
) sharply pointed, widely divergent in ventral view, reaching basally 1/3 length of sternite 10, with a row of 8–10 spiniform setae on ventral margin and 3 spiniform setae on lateral one. Female gonapophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5BA6FA2E8A09FA6F" box="[973,1101,1419,1444]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1391,208,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[165,1402,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (13) male gonapophyses, ventral view; (14) male gonapophyses, lateral view; (15) female gonapophyses, ventral view; (16) female gonapophyses, lateral view; (17) median gill; (18) lateral gill. Scale = 0.1 mm (13, 15); 0.2 mm (12, 14); 1 mm (16, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160677/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Figs.15–16</figureCitation>
|
||
) with lateral valves slightly divergent and tips sharply pointed, lateral valves extending to mid-length of S10 sternite, and a row of claviform setae along ventral margin; central valves slender, apically rounded, and slightly shorter than lateral valves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58ACFA528EA7F8FB" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
Caudal lamellae distinct, transparent, β–nodate vertical lamellar
|
||
<typeStatus id="F1458843FF92FFCB5BC9FA5D8D91F9DB" box="[930,981,1528,1552]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, with division between the two portions of the gill being marked by a nodal line consisting of a thickened basal portion (antenodal region) and a thinner distal portion (postnodal region). Lamellae with well-developed tracheation, a median trachea with secondary and tertiary branches, a few dark spots on the last branches, and a postnodal region with piliform setae on the margin. Median gill (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB594CF9228F3CF96B" box="[295,376,1671,1696]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1391,208,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[165,1402,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (13) male gonapophyses, ventral view; (14) male gonapophyses, lateral view; (15) female gonapophyses, ventral view; (16) female gonapophyses, lateral view; (17) median gill; (18) lateral gill. Scale = 0.1 mm (13, 15); 0.2 mm (12, 14); 1 mm (16, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160677/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a dorsal and a ventral nodal spine at end of antenodal region, with 27–31 spiniform setae on dorsal margin and 10–13 sparse spiniform setae on ventral margin; latero-median carinae with 18–22 spiniform setae on each side. Lateral gills (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B6C52A64FF92FFCB5A6EF96A8C11F923" box="[517,597,1743,1768]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 18" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1947,1970]" captionTargetBox="[178,1391,208,1898]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[165,1402,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 18. Pseudagrion pruinosum: (13) male gonapophyses, ventral view; (14) male gonapophyses, lateral view; (15) female gonapophyses, ventral view; (16) female gonapophyses, lateral view; (17) median gill; (18) lateral gill. Scale = 0.1 mm (13, 15); 0.2 mm (12, 14); 1 mm (16, 17)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160677/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
) with dorsal and ventral nodal spine on antenodal region, 22–30 spiniform setae on ventral margin, 10 spiniform setae on dorsal margin, and 23–29 spiniform setae on outer side of median carina.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF92FFCB58ACF8998B4AF828" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF92FFCB58ACF8998F2DF898" box="[199,361,1852,1875]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="293">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
(in mm), with mean plus range in parentheses, as follows (n=10): total length 22.05 (21.2– 23.3), length of caudal lamellae 5.11 (4.5–5.8), maximum width of head 1.56 (1.2–1.97), length of antennae 2.33 (2.16–2.45), maximum width of prementum 1.90 (1.8–2), length of prementum 2.60 (2.4–2.83), length of labial palp 1.08 (0.93–1.2), length of movable hook 0.70 (0.67–0.73), length of inner wing pads 5.24 (5–5.5), length of outer wing pads 4.76 (4.5–5), length of fore femora 1.5 (1–2), length of fore tibiae 1.92 (1.27–2.13),
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7A816669FF91FFC858FCF8708A47F821" box="[151,1027,2004,2027]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160674/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" targetBox="[420,1147,202,1967]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF91FFC858FCF8708A47F821" blockId="2.[151,1027,2004,2027]" box="[151,1027,2004,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF91FFC858FCF8708F57F821" bold="true" box="[151,275,2005,2027]" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF91FFC85973F8718C48F820" box="[280,524,2004,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="2" pageNumber="294" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF91FFC85973F8718C48F820" box="[280,524,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="294">Pseudagrion pruinosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) final instar larva, dorsal view. Scale = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7A816669FF90FFC958FCFB4B8F79FAE8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/160675/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" targetBox="[329,1267,217,1224]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF90FFC958FCFB4B8F79FAE8" blockId="3.[151,1436,1262,1315]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC958FCFB4B8F7EFACF" bold="true" box="[151,314,1262,1285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">FIGURES 2–3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC9592BFB4B8CBAFACF" authority="Burmeister, 1839" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[320,766,1262,1285]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC9592BFB4B8C71FACE" box="[320,565,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Pseudagrion pruinosum</emphasis>
|
||
(Burmeister, 1839)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: coloration of last instar larvae, lateral view; (2) yellowish brown; (3) bright green.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF90FFC958FCFAF58C47FA7B" blockId="3.[151,1436,1360,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">length of fore tarsi 0.77 (0.5–1), length of middle femora 1.97 (1.33–2.67), length of middle tibiae 2.08 (1.5–2.5), length of middle tarsi 0.9 (0.43–1), length of hind femora 2.74 (2.4–3), length of hind tibiae 2.59 (2.07–2.97), and length of hind tarsi 1.06 (1–1.2).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="66E4656AFF90FFC958ACFA198BC9F9D6" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="2E4136E1FF90FFC958ACFA198BC9F9D6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1360,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC958ACFA198FC8FA1E" bold="true" box="[199,396,1468,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Biological notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC95A65FA188CE0FA1F" box="[526,676,1469,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruinosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC95A65FA188CE0FA1F" box="[526,676,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">P. pruinosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected from the roots of vegetation in shallow pool/riffle habitats on the banks of streams. The larvae were usually found together with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC95CDCFA448BD1FA33" box="[1207,1429,1505,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Platycnemididae" genus="Copera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC95CDCFA448BD1FA33" box="[1207,1429,1505,1528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Copera marginipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC958FCF9A18C64F9D6" box="[151,544,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC958FCF9A18F8FF9D6" authority="Libellago" authorityName="Libellago" box="[151,459,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Euphaeidae" genus="Euphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoni">Euphaea masoni, Libellago</taxonomicName>
|
||
lineata
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC95A45F9A18D58F9D6" box="[558,796,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Calopterygidae" genus="Neurobasis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC95A45F9A18D58F9D6" box="[558,796,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Neurobasis chinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC95B41F9A18A6FF9D6" box="[810,1067,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Coenagrionidae" genus="Pseudagrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubriceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC95B41F9A18A6FF9D6" box="[810,1067,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">Pseudagrion rubriceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="1C8AEAF3FF90FFC95C02F9A18BC9F9D6" box="[1129,1421,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FE4D62FF90FFC95C02F9A18BCCF9D6" box="[1129,1416,1540,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Protoneuridae" genus="Prodasineura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="295" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="autumnalis">Prodasineura autumnalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |