326 lines
37 KiB
XML
326 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="C0D1249CB1EA1C5D9E95581BB771A172" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7666260" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666260" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677090874998" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta" docDate="2003" docId="967287D60613AE65FE6DFD983DBFFBA5" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.44.2.279–325.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 44 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Proandricus amphius Plisko 2003, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="6A4BFFAE0601AE71FFA3FFAE3E7DFF87" masterDocTitle="Eleven new South African earthworms (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae) with new information on some known species, and an inventory of the microchaetids of KwaZulu-Natal" masterLastPageNumber="325" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="297" updateTime="1699455353883" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="D36C3C87BB63264DEF6E7B51D0CB5D9E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D7E7D3EC4355D85FACA6730E8BF1D44C">
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<mods:title id="F62226CD1404A1B33DC81025CCE399D9">Eleven new South African earthworms (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae) with new information on some known species, and an inventory of the microchaetids of KwaZulu-Natal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="FC964B25F0CC1923109C38EF131455A3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="A71B6362BE5DFE9960BDEE8C4E750BA1">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EDD1E193078AED7024603C82FA3DCDB5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="AEE163D9641FCB109B324ADE8A2D2881">Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DC1E6C05A7B07814F66CD8695B458EB9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="71EC75464DC2BCC04D07C63B9CD25223">
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<mods:title id="5631C36D8926D4F077C39D1F78FF3558">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="D004C1E4E6DB9A593BECE22745A60693">
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<mods:date id="21719BBABEC08D411D127C894950B429">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CF239C51A8B237BCAD5168348BFA4385" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="C25631C8EAAAA5BA9A9C4A8DAF24D858">2003-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="17B2A656265767F47F58380FA9D537A5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="345B1DAFB63D058321A3AF7487D4FAE6">44</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="E0AE2CD95ABCCAE316DDEC703F7126E7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D67813F7CF7418B01366392DEDAC0113">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="66A33AF9A200AF6788ABD30F4C98CD45" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="9897133C2AF2F8F695E14C6B042F955E">279</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6BDBE97BDA7EFBE7BA1712358A133B3A">325</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="B2AE84A92258775F287BE1DDA0E0DCB7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="52A5A78E269EA25F19FB88D62C1000F1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7666260</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="967FAC4407D72BE4F9973C78F9901CE5" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A2C879E3086A64DAD31836485693BD1F" type="Zenodo-Dep">7666260</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="967287D60613AE65FE6DFD983DBFFBA5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60613AE65FE6DFD983DBFFBA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/967287D60613AE65FE6DFD983DBFFBA5" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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<subSubSection id="56C1654B0613AE63FE6DFD983D6FFDC8" box="[462,786,566,591]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FE6DFD983D6FFDC8" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" box="[462,786,566,591]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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<heading id="452C81AC0613AE63FE6DFD983D6FFDC8" box="[462,786,566,591]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FE6DFD983CB2FDC8" ID-CoL="854G7" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[462,719,566,591]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FE6DFD983CB2FDC8" bold="true" box="[462,719,566,591]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Proandricus amphius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="379C57A90613AE63FD75FD983D6FFDC8" box="[726,786,566,591]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="56C1654B0613AE65FDE5FDF03DBFFBA5" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FDE5FDF03CE7FDF0" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" box="[582,666,606,631]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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(
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<figureCitation id="86E02A450613AE63FDEDFDF03CECFDF0" box="[590,657,606,631]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[143,176,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[210,1030,1314,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-344@18.[152,1099,1453,1480]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 9. Proandricus amphius sp. n., holotype, ventral view with clitellum, tubercula pubertatis and papillae. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis, P = papilla of segment 16]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666276/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF33FD283F7DFD38" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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Etymology: Gr.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FEE4FD283FF0FD19" box="[327,397,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">amphi</emphasis>
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= around, on both sides. Refers to the clitellum encircling the segments.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF33FD603FB4FC00" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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Material examined:
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FEC4FD603C62FD60" bold="true" box="[359,543,718,743]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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<collectingRegion id="DC1FF8220613AE63FEC4FD603C62FD60" box="[359,543,718,743]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">KwaZuluNatal</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FD88FD603CECFD60" box="[555,657,718,743]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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NMSA/Olig.03620 Drakensberg, section of Giant’s Castle Game Reserve, Injasuthi (
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<geoCoordinate id="7BEF50070613AE63FD28FD403D74FC80" box="[651,777,750,775]" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" precision="15" seconds="51" value="-29.114166">29º06'51"S</geoCoordinate>
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:
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<geoCoordinate id="7BEF50070613AE63FCAFFD403DEDFC80" box="[780,912,750,775]" degrees="29" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" precision="15" seconds="34" value="29.442778">29º26'34"E</geoCoordinate>
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) opposite camp, hillside at
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FEA0FCA03F60FCA1" box="[259,285,782,806]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">ca</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity id="D9239B250613AE63FE88FCA03FFCFCA0" box="[299,385,782,807]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" unit="m" value="1540.0">1540 m</quantity>
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, at southfacing slope, wooded grassland at edge of dry drainage in
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<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FF09FC803E89FCC1" box="[170,244,814,838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Protea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF09FC803E89FCC1" box="[170,244,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Protea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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savannah,
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<quantity id="D9239B250613AE63FECEFC803FB1FCC0" box="[365,460,814,839]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="2.0">2–10 cm</quantity>
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below surface among roots of mediumtall
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<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FC06FC803A76FCC1" box="[933,1035,814,838]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Themeda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FC06FC803A76FCC1" box="[933,1035,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Themeda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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grass,
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<date id="6A6510000613AE63FF33FCE03F51FCE0" box="[144,300,846,871]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" value="2002-06-14">14 June 2002</date>
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, AJA.
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FED9FCE03F96FCE0" box="[378,491,846,871]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: NMSA/Olig.03621, 9 cl; NMSA/Olig.03627,
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<specimenCount id="08DDFD490613AE63FBA1FCE03A2CFCE0" box="[1026,1105,846,871]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="generic">10 juv.</specimenCount>
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All collected with
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FEFCFCC03FB8FC00" box="[351,453,878,903]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF33FC383CF2FC28" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" box="[144,655,918,943]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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Description based on
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FE20FC383F98FC28" box="[387,485,918,943]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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and
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FDBFFC383CF6FC28" box="[540,651,918,943]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF33FC103F0DFC50" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" box="[144,368,958,983]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">External characters:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE62FF33FC483CE4FE40" blockId="18.[144,1105,566,1247]" lastBlockId="19.[181,1142,206,839]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF33FC483E91FC79" box="[144,236,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">General</emphasis>
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: body cylindrical, compact.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FD8AFC483C05FC79" box="[553,632,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Colour</emphasis>
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: in life, and preserved in alcohol, whitishgrey, not pigmented.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FE22FBA83C78FB99" box="[385,517,1030,1054]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Dimensions</emphasis>
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: preserved and slightly contracted
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FC36FBA83D8AFB98" box="[917,1015,1030,1055]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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<quantity id="D9239B250613AE63FBA3FBA83A2DFB98" box="[1024,1104,1030,1055]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="66.0">66 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="D9239B250613AE63FF72FB883F69FBB8" box="[209,276,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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wide at
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<quantity id="D9239B250613AE63FED4FB883F98FBB8" box="[375,485,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="10.5">10, 5 mm</quantity>
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at tubercula pubertatis; clitellate
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FCC1FB883DB0FBB8" box="[866,973,1062,1087]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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<quantity id="D9239B250613AE63FC75FB883A2DFBB8" box="[982,1104,1062,1087]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" unit="mm" value="61.0" valueMax="67.0" valueMin="55.0">55–67 mm</quantity>
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long.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF6FFBE83FFFFBD9" box="[204,386,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Segment number</emphasis>
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:
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FE2CFBE83F92FBD8" box="[399,495,1094,1119]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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120,
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<typeStatus id="C16088620613AE63FD8AFBE83CEFFBD8" box="[553,658,1094,1119]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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126–131.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FCA1FBE83DFAFBD9" box="[770,903,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Prostomium</emphasis>
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: prolobous, small.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF33FBC83F55FBF9" box="[144,296,1126,1150]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Segmentation</emphasis>
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: secondary annulation present on preclitellar segments; 1 and 2 simple, with irregular longitudinal grooves; 3 simple; 4–9 with two simple ringlets similar in size and appearance; 10 and 11 simple, longer than anterior ringlets; clitellar simple, similar in size, postclitellar simple, shorter than clitellar.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FCAFFB693D35FB58" box="[780,840,1223,1247]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Setae</emphasis>
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: minute, closely paired in regular rows; preclitellarly
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FDA8FF603C5AFF61" box="[523,551,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">ab</emphasis>
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=
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FDEBFF603C1FFF61" box="[584,610,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">cd</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FDD0FF603CF2FF61" box="[627,655,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">aa</emphasis>
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>
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FD13FF603CB7FF61" box="[688,714,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">bc</emphasis>
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, at posterior end
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FC37FF603DCDFF61" box="[916,944,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">aa</emphasis>
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=
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FC71FF603D91FF61" box="[978,1004,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">bc</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FC5FFF603E8FFE81" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Nephridial pores</emphasis>
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: conspicuous, below
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FE44FF403C7CFE81" box="[487,513,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">cd</emphasis>
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setal lines.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FD2BFF403D5DFE81" box="[648,800,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Female pores</emphasis>
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: paired, in anterior part of 14, laterally, slightly below
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FE1EFEA03FAAFEA1" box="[445,471,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">cd</emphasis>
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setae.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FD83FEA03CE6FEA1" box="[544,667,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Male pores</emphasis>
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: in 17, in tubercula pubertatis area between
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FF16FE803EACFEC1" box="[181,209,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">ab</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FEA1FE803F61FEC1" box="[258,284,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">cd</emphasis>
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setae.
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FEC0FE803C44FEC1" box="[355,569,302,326]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Spermathecal pores</emphasis>
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: externally not observed. However, during dissection it was observed that ectal parts of first spermathecal pair were entering into thick body wall near furrow located between ringlets of segment 9. Pores were not noted. Ectal parts of second pair located in 10, although also deeply embedded in wall tissues, were extended into intersegmental furrow 10/11.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="4AA466480613AE63FF2CF9F93D1BF904" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666276" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666276/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" startId="18.[143,176,1623,1643]" targetBox="[210,1030,1314,1606]" targetPageId="18">
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF2CF9F93D1BF904" blockId="18.[143,1104,1623,1667]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
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Fig. 9.
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<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FF6EF9F93FEDF9EC" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[205,400,1623,1643]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF6EF9F93FEDF9EC" box="[205,400,1623,1643]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Proandricus amphius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="379C57A90613AE63FE37F9F93FBBF9EC" box="[404,454,1623,1643]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, holotype, ventral view with clitellum, tubercula pubertatis and papillae. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis, P = papilla of segment 16].
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="1E6436C00612AE62FF73FE603F9BFCC0" blockId="19.[181,1142,206,839]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">
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<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0612AE62FF73FE603F9FFCC0" county="On" location="Clitellar region" municipality="Clitellum" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="1B04601B0612AE62FF73FE603F03FE60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60613AE65FE6DFD983DBFFBA5:1B04601B0612AE62FF73FE603F03FE60" box="[208,382,462,487]" county="On" municipality="Clitellum" name="Clitellar region" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Clitellar region</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="86E02A450612AE62FE2CFE603FAAFE60" box="[399,471,462,487]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[143,176,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[210,1030,1314,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-344@18.[152,1099,1453,1480]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 9. Proandricus amphius sp. n., holotype, ventral view with clitellum, tubercula pubertatis and papillae. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis, P = papilla of segment 16]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FE4DFE603C2BFE61" box="[494,598,462,486]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="FE00ACBA0612AE62FE4DFE603C2BFE61" box="[494,598,462,486]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Clitellum</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: on
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16088620612AE62FD2EFE603C92FE60" box="[653,751,462,487]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and mature
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16088620612AE62FC21FE603D90FE60" box="[898,1005,462,487]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
segmented, white, encircling segments 1/n11,12–20,1/n21, leaving uncovered by clitellar tissues only area of tubercula pubertatis and some small ventral parts of segment
|
||
<quantity id="D9239B250612AE62FC48FDA03A5EFDA0" box="[1003,1059,526,551]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
area of
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FF16FD803EACFDC1" box="[181,209,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">ab</emphasis>
|
||
setae; anterior border not well marked, with clitellar tissues extending only partly dorsally on 11; posterior border at intersegmental furrow 20/21, on some
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16088620612AE62FBA8FDE03A0BFDE0" box="[1035,1142,590,615]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
extending partially on 21.
|
||
<collectingCounty id="F7054E4C0612AE62FE7DFDC03C7DFD00" box="[478,512,622,647]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">On</collectingCounty>
|
||
less developed
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16088620612AE62FD10FDC03D63FD00" box="[691,798,622,647]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
clitellar tissues ventrally were much thinner than those of mature individuals.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FD73FD203DC6FD21" box="[720,955,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Tubercula pubertatis</emphasis>
|
||
: well developed elongated strips, not covered by clitellar tissues, on 1/n16–1/n20, between
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FBA5FD003A5DFD41" box="[1030,1056,686,710]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">cd</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FBF9FD003A0BFD41" box="[1114,1142,686,710]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">ab</emphasis>
|
||
setae, with shallow grooves separating each strip from clitellar tissues.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FBAEFD603A13FD61" box="[1037,1134,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Papillae</emphasis>
|
||
: prominent, suckerlike swellings, paired, on 16 around
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FC83FD403D41FC81" box="[800,828,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">ab</emphasis>
|
||
setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86E02A450612AE62FC29FD403DB3FC80" box="[906,974,750,775]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="18.[143,176,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[210,1030,1314,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-344@18.[152,1099,1453,1480]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Fig. 9. Proandricus amphius sp. n., holotype, ventral view with clitellum, tubercula pubertatis and papillae. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis, P = papilla of segment 16]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666276" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
); both papillae associated with genital glands. On
|
||
<specimenCount id="08DDFD490612AE62FDE4FCA03CA5FCA0" box="[583,728,782,807]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" type="generic" typeStatus="paratype">one paratype</specimenCount>
|
||
papillae are displaced: right one on segment 16, left one on 17
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E6436C00612AE62FF15FCF73FF3FCF5" blockId="19.[182,398,857,882]" box="[182,398,857,882]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Internal characters:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E6436C00612AE65FF15FC2A3C2CFE80" blockId="19.[181,1142,900,1661]" lastBlockId="20.[144,1104,206,263]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FF15FC2A3E89FC1B" box="[182,244,900,924]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Septa</emphasis>
|
||
: 4/5 5/6 thickened moderately, elastic, strong; 6/7 not thickened, thin; 7/8 most thickened, 8/9 thickened less than 7/8; other septa thin, firm.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FCE1FC0A3DE5FC3B" box="[834,920,932,956]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Gizzard</emphasis>
|
||
: globular, muscular, in 7.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FF49FC6A3FC4FC5B" box="[234,441,964,988]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Calciferous glands</emphasis>
|
||
: in 9, small, globular, distinctly separated dorsally and ventrally.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FF16FC4A3F68FC7B" box="[181,277,996,1020]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Intestine</emphasis>
|
||
: commences in 13, in following segments developing into folded tube; in 21– 27 dorsally covered by irregularly twisted folds.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FD7EFBAA3D2BFB9B" box="[733,854,1028,1052]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Typhlosole</emphasis>
|
||
: commences in 21 or 22, terminates in
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16088620612AE62FEF2FB8A3FCEFBBA" box="[337,435,1060,1085]" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in 53.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FDA5FB8A3C95FBBB" box="[518,744,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Dorsal blood vessel</emphasis>
|
||
: 5–7 thin, double, close; 8 double, separated; 9 enlarged, double, cordiform; in 10 and following segments enlarged and simple; simple when crossing septa.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FDF1FBCA3DF4FBFB" box="[594,905,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Paired dorsoventral vessels</emphasis>
|
||
: 5–8 thin vessels, 9– 11 enlarged, moniliform.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430612AE62FE7EFB2A3D76FB1A" authority=": meganephridia" authorityName="Meganephridia" box="[477,779,1156,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Nephridia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="303" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FE7EFB2A3C32FB1B" box="[477,591,1156,1180]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Nephridia</emphasis>
|
||
: meganephridia
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; coiled loops with extended Vshaped caeca.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FEF2FB0A3C47FB3B" box="[337,570,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Spermiductal funnels</emphasis>
|
||
: proandric arrangement; one pair of large, iridescent funnels, enclosed in sacs closely connected posteriorly at septum of 10 with seminal sacs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430612AE62FF52FB4A3FE1FB7B" box="[241,412,1252,1276]" class="Aves" genus="Vasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="deferentia">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FF52FB4A3FE1FB7B" box="[241,412,1252,1276]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Vasa deferentia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: distinct single ducts commencing at lateral parts of spermiductal funnels, run backwards at each side of the body to posterior parts of 16, entering body wall in anterior part of 17. Connections with male pores are covered by body wall, however, externally marked male pores indicate on their termination in 17.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FBB8FAEA3F71FAFB" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Seminal vesicles</emphasis>
|
||
: one pair of composite sacs, commencing at septum 10/11 extending into 11, where pushing, although not interrupting septum 11/12, occupies space of 12. Sacs, variable in shape and size, consist of granulated lobes connected with spermiductal funnels at their base.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FE06FA6A3C3EFA5B" box="[421,579,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Spermathecae</emphasis>
|
||
: in 9 and 10; anterior pair differ in size and shape from posterior pair, being elongated duct, with no sperm, and entering body wall in 9; it is however not clear if ducts penetrate whole thickness of the body tissues, or ducts are ending blindly. Large, elongatedoval, iridescent ampullae with long, curved ducts of posterior pair enter intersegmental furrow 10/11. In all dissected mature specimens posterior pair was full of sperm, although anterior pair was always empty.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20612AE62FC48F9CA3A39F9FB" box="[1003,1092,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="298">Ovaries</emphasis>
|
||
: not observed.
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FEA5FF603FD2FF61" box="[262,431,206,230]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Genital glands</emphasis>
|
||
: one pair in 16 associated with papillae; both glands flat, twice or threefolded, moderate in size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E6436C00615AE65FF33FEB93C69FD97" blockId="20.[144,1105,279,528]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
|
||
Biological notes: The species was collected at Injasuthi, an area of the Giant’s Castle Game Reserve, in the Drakensberg foothills, protected by KZN Wildlife, where there are large open areas of indigenous grassland and patches of indigenous bushes. Mature and juvenile specimens were found in winter, at an altitude over
|
||
<quantity id="D9239B250615AE65FCD9FED93DA9FE17" box="[890,980,375,400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
. Iridescent posterior spermathecae and spermiductal funnels observed in mature individuals indicate maturity and sexual activity in late summer, extended into late autumn and possibly also in early winter. The species was found in association with an indigenous acanthodrilid of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FE19FE563C71FD97" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1910" box="[442,524,504,528]" class="Clitellata" family="Acanthodrilidae" genus="Udeina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FE19FE563C71FD97" box="[442,524,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Udeina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E6436C00615AE65FF33FD8F3D56FC5D" blockId="20.[144,1104,545,1058]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
|
||
Discussion: The location of spermathecae in segments 9 and 10 suggest assignation to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FF1AFDEF3F3FFDDE" baseAuthorityName="Reinecke & Ryke" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[185,322,577,601]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lesothoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FF1AFDEF3F3FFDDE" box="[185,322,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">lesothoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
speciesgroup. The species is similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FCABFDEF3D33FDDE" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[776,846,577,601]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FCABFDEF3D33FDDE" box="[776,846,577,601]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">adami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="379C57A90615AE65FCF6FDEF3DECFDDD" box="[853,913,577,602]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
having clitellum encircling body, although in the last species encircling is not complete. However the species differ in the location of the pores of the anterior spermathecae. Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FBB9FD2F3A34FD1E" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2002" box="[1050,1097,641,665]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sani">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FBB9FD2F3A34FD1E" box="[1050,1097,641,665]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">sani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, having anterior pair of spermathecae in segment 9 with ectal parts entering intrasegmental body wall, a condition rarely observed in microchaetids. In the other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FF77FD4F3F20FD7E" baseAuthorityName="Reinecke & Ryke" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[212,349,737,761]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lesothoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FF77FD4F3F20FD7E" box="[212,349,737,761]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">lesothoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
speciesgroup, the spermathecal pores are in intersegmental furrows 9/10 and 10/11 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FEEEFCAF3FEEFC9E" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[333,403,769,793]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adami" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FEEEFCAF3FEEFC9E" box="[333,403,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">adami</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="379C57A90615AE65FE3EFCAF3FA1FC9D" box="[413,476,769,794]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FE48FCAF3C09FC9E" baseAuthorityName="Reinecke & Ryke" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[491,628,769,793]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lesothoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FE48FCAF3C09FC9E" box="[491,628,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">lesothoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FD0CFCAF3D61FC9E" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="1996" box="[687,796,769,793]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bourquini">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FD0CFCAF3D61FC9E" box="[687,796,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">bourquini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or only in 10/11 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FC58FCAF3A42FC9E" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="1993" box="[1019,1087,769,793]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pajori">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FC58FCAF3A42FC9E" box="[1019,1087,769,793]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">pajori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FF33FC8F3F76FCBE" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[144,267,801,825]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FF33FC8F3F76FCBE" box="[144,267,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">P. amphius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FE01FC8F3FACFCBE" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2002" box="[418,465,801,825]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sani">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FE01FC8F3FACFCBE" box="[418,465,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">sani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the clitellum encircling the clitellar segments dorsally and ventrally, with the exception of tubercula pubertatis and small anterior portion of segment
|
||
<quantity id="D9239B250615AE65FEC4FCCF3FE3FCFD" box="[359,414,865,890]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
|
||
the area of
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FDBEFCCF3C44FCFE" box="[541,569,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">ab</emphasis>
|
||
setae and papillae. The lack of sperm in anterior spermathecae and entirely filled posterior pair observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FCB2FC2F3D0DFC1E" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[785,880,897,921]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FCB2FC2F3D0DFC1E" box="[785,880,897,921]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">amphius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
suggests that during copulation the sperm may not enter anterior spermathecae. It is possible that ectal parts of the first spermathecal pair are not completely developed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1E6436C00615AE65FF33FC473DBFFBA5" blockId="20.[144,1104,545,1058]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">
|
||
Distribution: The species is known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C16088620615AE65FD0CFC473CA2FB85" box="[687,735,1001,1026]" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="86E02A450615AE65FCE5FC473DF4FB85" box="[838,905,1001,1026]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[181,214,1503,1523]" captionTargetBox="[181,1141,421,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-68@15.[181,1141,421,1488]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. The distribution of Proandricus species in KZN. 1 = adami; 2 = adriani; 3 = alatus; 4 = amphius; 5 = armstrongi; 6 = babanango; 7 = beddardi; 8 = bergvillensis; 9 = bourquini; 10 = bulwerensis; 11 = colletti; 12 = crookesi; 13 = entumeni; 14 = gracilis; 15 = hedothecus; 16 = hlatikulu; 17 = injasuti; 18 = ivari; 19 = jasoni; 20 = lovuus; 21 = marleyi; 22 = martensi; 23 = michelleae; 24 = modestus; 25 = oresbiosus; 26 = ortyi; 27 = pajori; 28 = richerti; 29 = setosus; 30 = thornvillensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666272/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), in an area where some other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430615AE65FE11FBA73C46FBA6" baseAuthorityName="Reinecke & Ryke" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[434,571,1033,1057]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="20" pageNumber="299" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lesothoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20615AE65FE11FBA73C46FBA6" box="[434,571,1033,1057]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="299">lesothoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
speciesgroup are known to occur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |