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<document id="45E25F3F4E54B2CBF452C41C5005CF24" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7666260" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666260" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1677090874998" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta" docDate="2003" docId="967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.44.2.279–325.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 44 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Proandricus adami Plisko 2003, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="297" masterDocId="6A4BFFAE0601AE71FFA3FFAE3E7DFF87" masterDocTitle="Eleven new South African earthworms (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae) with new information on some known species, and an inventory of the microchaetids of KwaZulu-Natal" masterLastPageNumber="325" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="295" updateTime="1699455353883" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="D2EBCCFDBC3C028E27D012F4565C7142" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6AF1A7BE7B36093F0EBD2DBC6DEFBC57">
<mods:title id="4EA1EFC7AC260CAF0D46F503E5B13516">Eleven new South African earthworms (Oligochaeta: Microchaetidae) with new information on some known species, and an inventory of the microchaetids of KwaZulu-Natal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="98D1102FB4279E8C6ADC4A4EE03A395F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B622B5B6005545C53C8D7DA6B0A6EDAC">
<mods:roleTerm id="242330864115522C1A1A6D78ED855A7D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="37A579DA00F75B359DE3D62260443AA2">Plisko, Jadwiga Danuta</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="542BCC7B260DE53477D293BC3B14027E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7CCD001B34C1EBD0FDACADC08B6DDF7B" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2CFC00EE3B877B864D6481A1B3A74E4E">
<mods:title id="F5F7CE2426ED177348504676D25D6DC0">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="73F26310DDEA63CAE8697146628D6315">
<mods:date id="CC24D01EEE7B7098B2F6369E0B9EFC55">2003</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="0B5391F1C2D20BD8563D837F8CCA3C04" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6A8BE6424FC0B4DAD2294CC4EB92A108">2003-12-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="B6137758ED192698E5F70195913ACCDE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D0D4383C912EF16FDF5E428ACF74A14B">44</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="94BFB4F2F8A9485451C2BC8B58B60E2D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="1EEE6B655C65F893AE622B9A94E28F26">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EC83FAD2370A7E83309B17025F40C82F" unit="page">
<mods:start id="0B8B18D144894CEF13A6CDB3A6EBC761">279</mods:start>
<mods:end id="095E445055BFA7FF917086AC9F353178">325</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="3648202CCADBE7E8BC724EC7A9A305DC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4C763829875992B7E0A69A51E77FB642" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7666260</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="866FB475FA947FEDB9FFE62B6D32051D" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B7902908685B23D47903D17065CB7D7C" type="Zenodo-Dep">7666260</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
<subSubSection id="56C1654B0611AE61FE7FFD983D7EFDC8" box="[476,771,566,591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FE7FFD983D7EFDC8" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" box="[476,771,566,591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
<heading id="452C81AC0611AE61FE7FFD983D7EFDC8" box="[476,771,566,591]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430611AE61FE7FFD983CBCFDC8" ID-CoL="854G4" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[476,705,566,591]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FE7FFD983CBCFDC8" bold="true" box="[476,705,566,591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Proandricus adami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="379C57A90611AE61FD6BFD983D7EFDC8" box="[712,771,566,591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="56C1654B0611AE63FDE6FDF03A35FD88" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="description">
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FDE6FDF03CE4FDF0" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" box="[581,665,606,631]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
(
<figureCitation id="86E02A450611AE61FDEDFDF03CEDFDF0" box="[590,656,606,631]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[144,177,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[218,1029,1147,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-268@16.[173,1060,1138,1613]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 8. Proandricus adami sp. n., holotype, ventral view with clitellar tissues and tubercula pubertatis. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666274/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FF33FD283A2DFD18" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" box="[144,1104,646,671]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Etymology: Named for Adam Shuttleworth in recognition of his interest in earthworms.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FF33FD003F31FCE0" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0611AE61FF33FD003C93FD40" box="[144,750,686,711]" collectionCode="NMSA" location="Material" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="1B04601B0611AE61FF33FD003E90FD40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88:1B04601B0611AE61FF33FD003E90FD40" box="[144,237,686,711]" name="Material" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Material</location>
examined:
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FEC9FD003C59FD40" bold="true" box="[362,548,686,711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
<collectingRegion id="DC1FF8220611AE61FEC9FD003C59FD40" box="[362,548,686,711]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">KwaZulu­Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FD93FD003CEAFD40" box="[560,663,686,711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FD3FFD003C93FD40" box="[668,750,686,711]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0611AE61FD55FD003C60FC80" collectingDate="1996-12-04" collectionCode="JDP" county="Olig." latitude="-28.7" location="Royal Natal National Park" longLatPrecision="1230" longitude="28.9" municipality="Drakensberg" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCounty id="F7054E4C0611AE61FD55FD003D56FD40" box="[758,811,686,711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Olig.</collectingCounty>
02530
<collectingMunicipality id="FE00ACBA0611AE61FCD6FD003A79FD40" box="[885,1028,686,711]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Drakensberg</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="1B04601B0611AE61FBADFD003F0FFD60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88:1B04601B0611AE61FBADFD003F0FFD60" county="Olig." latitude="-28.7" longLatPrecision="1230" longitude="28.9" municipality="Drakensberg" name="Royal Natal National Park" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Royal Natal National Park</location>
, on the bank of
<location id="1B04601B0611AE61FD8BFD603D7FFD60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88:1B04601B0611AE61FD8BFD603D7FFD60" box="[552,770,718,743]" county="Olig." latitude="-28.7" longLatPrecision="1230" longitude="28.9" municipality="Drakensberg" name="Devil's Hoek River" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Devil’s Hoek River</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="7BEF50070611AE61FCB1FD603D16FD60" box="[786,875,718,743]" degrees="28" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" precision="925" value="-28.7">28º42'S</geoCoordinate>
:
<geoCoordinate id="7BEF50070611AE61FCCDFD603DB7FD60" box="[878,970,718,743]" degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" precision="925" value="28.9">28º54'E</geoCoordinate>
), grassland, among roots,
<date id="6A6510000611AE61FE80FD403F9BFC80" box="[291,486,750,775]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" value="1996-12-04">
<collectingDate id="7A21E9E80611AE61FE80FD403F9BFC80" box="[291,486,750,775]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" value="1996-12-04">4 December 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FE4CFD403C60FC80" box="[495,541,750,775]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">JDP</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0611AE61FD85FD403D62FC80" box="[550,799,750,775]" collectionCode="NMSA" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
TL.
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FDF0FD403CBEFC80" box="[595,707,750,775]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FD68FD403D62FC80" box="[715,799,750,775]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0611AE61FC84FD403FF1FCA0" collectionCode="NMSA" location="Olig." pageId="16" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="1B04601B0611AE61FC84FD403D20FC80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88:1B04601B0611AE61FC84FD403D20FC80" box="[807,861,750,775]" name="Olig." pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Olig.</location>
02531, 6 juv, collected with holotype;
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FE9BFCA03FF1FCA0" box="[312,396,782,807]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0611AE61FE36FCA03CABFCA0" box="[405,726,782,807]" collectionCode="NMSA" location="Olig." pageId="16" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="1B04601B0611AE61FE36FCA03FB6FCA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88:1B04601B0611AE61FE36FCA03FB6FCA0" box="[405,459,782,807]" name="Olig." pageId="16" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Olig.</location>
00918, 1 cl, and
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FD21FCA03CABFCA0" box="[642,726,782,807]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
/
<materialsCitation id="AEB33C9D0611AE61FD7CFCA03F3AFCE0" collectingDate="1989-03-02" collectionCode="JDP, BRS" county="Olig." location="Little Berg" municipality="Drakensberg" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCounty id="F7054E4C0611AE61FD7CFCA03D68FCA0" box="[735,789,782,807]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Olig.</collectingCounty>
00919, 2 abscised cl + 8 juv, collected at
<collectingMunicipality id="FE00ACBA0611AE61FEBDFC803FD0FCC0" box="[286,429,814,839]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Drakensberg</collectingMunicipality>
foothills,
<location id="1B04601B0611AE61FD85FC803CDEFCC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:967287D60611AE63FE7FFD983A35FD88:1B04601B0611AE61FD85FC803CDEFCC0" box="[550,675,814,839]" county="Olig." municipality="Drakensberg" name="Little Berg" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Little Berg</location>
[south of the type locality]
<date id="6A6510000611AE61FC4DFC803EB6FCE0" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" value="1989-03-02">
<collectingDate id="7A21E9E80611AE61FC4DFC803EB6FCE0" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" value="1989-03-02">2 March 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FF75FCE03F78FCE0" box="[214,261,846,871]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">JDP</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="78CAAE050611AE61FEACFCE03F3AFCE0" box="[271,327,846,871]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12559" name="Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="Herbarium">BRS</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FF33FCD83CF2FC08" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" box="[144,655,886,911]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
Description based on
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FE20FCD83F98FC08" box="[387,485,886,911]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FDBFFCD83CF6FC08" box="[540,651,886,911]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FF33FC303F12FC30" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" box="[144,367,926,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">External characters:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE60FF33FC683C11FDA0" blockId="16.[144,1104,566,1087]" lastBlockId="17.[181,1143,206,743]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FF33FC683E96FC59" box="[144,235,966,990]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">General</emphasis>
: body cylindrical.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FE16FC683C7EFC59" box="[437,515,966,990]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Colour</emphasis>
: in life and alcohol­preserved not pigmented, whitishgrey.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FF6EFC483F2CFC79" box="[205,337,998,1022]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Dimensions</emphasis>
: preserved and slightly contracted
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FD74FC483D44FC78" box="[727,825,998,1023]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<quantity id="D9239B250611AE61FC9CFC483DF3FC78" box="[831,910,998,1023]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="D9239B250611AE61FC70FC483A6EFC78" box="[979,1043,998,1023]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide at
<quantity id="D9239B250611AE61FF0CFBA83F5FFB98" box="[175,290,1030,1055]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" unit="mm" value="10.6">10, 6 mm</quantity>
at tubercula pubertatis.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FDE2FBA83D7FFB99" box="[577,770,1030,1054]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Segment number</emphasis>
:
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FCB6FBA83D05FB98" box="[789,888,1030,1055]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
92;
<typeStatus id="C16088620611AE61FC11FBA83A69FB98" box="[946,1044,1030,1055]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
103.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FF33FB883F65FBB9" box="[144,280,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Prostomium</emphasis>
: prolobous, small, separated from first segment.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FC9BFB883DADFBB9" box="[824,976,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Segmentation</emphasis>
: secondary annulation present on preclitellar segments: 1 and 2 simple, with irregular longitudinal grooves; 3 simple; 4–8 with two simple ringlets similar in size and appearance; 9 with two ringlets, second shorter than first; 10, clitellar and postclitellar simple.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FB93FEA03A10FEA1" box="[1072,1133,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Setae</emphasis>
: moderate, closely paired; first pairs on 3; preclitellarly in regular rows, posteriorly selected pairs of
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FED7FEE03FEDFEE1" box="[372,400,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">ab</emphasis>
sporadically shifted into inter­setal space between
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FC72FEE03D96FEE1" box="[977,1003,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">bc</emphasis>
; on 28
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FBE1FEE03A23FEE1" box="[1090,1118,334,358]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">ab</emphasis>
=
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FF16FEC03EB2FE01" box="[181,207,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">cd</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FF7EFEC03E84FE01" box="[221,249,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">aa</emphasis>
&gt;
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FEB7FEC03F53FE01" box="[276,302,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">bc</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE9FFEC03F85FE01" box="[316,504,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Nephridial pores</emphasis>
: obvious, in
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FD2BFEC03CD9FE01" box="[648,676,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">ab</emphasis>
setal lines; first pair in 2/3.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FC74FEC03A13FE01" box="[983,1134,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Female pores</emphasis>
: paired, in 14, slightly below
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE59FE203C69FE21" box="[506,532,398,422]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">cd</emphasis>
setae, deeply in clitellar tissues.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FC29FE203A75FE21" box="[906,1032,398,422]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Male pores</emphasis>
: in 17, in tubercula pubertatis area, small, simple openings.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FD48FE003DB7FE41" box="[747,970,430,454]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Spermathecal pores</emphasis>
: externally not observed; however, during dissection it was noticed that ectal parts of first spermathecal pair enter intersegmental furrow 9/10; ectal parts of second pair located in segment 10 enter into intersegmental furrow 10/11.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4AA466480611AE61FF33F9F93C09F904" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666274" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7666274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666274/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" startId="16.[144,177,1623,1643]" targetBox="[218,1029,1147,1600]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="1E6436C00611AE61FF33F9F93C09F904" blockId="16.[144,1105,1623,1667]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">
Fig. 8.
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430611AE61FF76F9F93FFAF9EC" authority="Plisko, 2003" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[213,391,1623,1643]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adami" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20611AE61FF76F9F93FFAF9EC" box="[213,391,1623,1643]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="295">Proandricus adami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="379C57A90611AE61FE2CF9F93FB9F9EC" box="[399,452,1623,1643]" pageId="16" pageNumber="295" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ventral view with clitellar tissues and tubercula pubertatis. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis].
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00610AE60FF73FD803DDBFD60" blockId="17.[181,1143,206,743]" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">
Clitellar region (
<figureCitation id="86E02A450610AE60FE32FD803FA4FDC0" box="[401,473,558,583]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[144,177,1623,1643]" captionTargetBox="[218,1029,1147,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-268@16.[173,1060,1138,1613]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 8. Proandricus adami sp. n., holotype, ventral view with clitellar tissues and tubercula pubertatis. [C = clitellum, T = tuberculum pubertatis]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666274" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666274/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE51FD803C27FDC1" box="[498,602,558,582]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Clitellum</emphasis>
: segmented, white, on 11,12–20,21; anteriorly clitellar tissues extending dorsally on part of 11; posterior border at intersegmental furrow 20/21 or 21/22; on some
<typeStatus id="C16088620610AE60FD8CFDC03CE7FD00" box="[559,666,622,647]" pageId="17" pageNumber="296" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
extending fully on 21; ventrally partially covering segments 12–15.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE41FD203CB6FD21" box="[482,715,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Tubercula pubertatis</emphasis>
: elongated oval strips, not covered by clitellar tissues, on 16–20, between
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FD97FD003C0AFD41" box="[564,631,686,711]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">cd–ab</emphasis>
setae, separated from clitellar tissues.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FBB2FD003A13FD41" box="[1041,1134,686,710]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Papillae</emphasis>
: little swellings, paired or single, on 10–13, 22, 23, around
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FCE7FD603D1DFD61" box="[836,864,718,742]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">ab</emphasis>
setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00610AE60FF16FD593FF3FC97" blockId="17.[181,398,759,784]" box="[181,398,759,784]" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Internal characters:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00610AE60FF16FC8F3D94FA5D" blockId="17.[181,1143,801,1498]" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FF16FC8F3E8CFCBE" box="[181,241,801,825]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Septa</emphasis>
: 4/5 thickened, muscular; 5/6 and 6/7 not thickened, thin; 7/8 and 8/9 thickened, muscular; other septa thin, firm.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FDAFFCEF3C1DFCDE" box="[524,608,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Gizzard</emphasis>
: globular, muscular, in 7.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FCD2FCEF3A46FCDE" box="[881,1083,833,857]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Calciferous glands</emphasis>
: in 9, laterally; moderate, globular, distinctly separated dorsally and ventrally.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FBAFFCCF3A13FCFE" box="[1036,1134,865,889]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Intestine</emphasis>
: commencing in 13, developing into folded tube in following segments; in 21–27 dorsally covered by irregularly twisted paired folds.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FD20FC0F3C8AFC3E" box="[643,759,929,953]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Typhlosole</emphasis>
: commences in 21 or 22, terminates in
<typeStatus id="C16088620610AE60FF70FC6F3F4FFC5D" box="[211,306,961,986]" pageId="17" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in 53.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE27FC6F3C22FC5E" box="[388,607,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Dorsal blood vessel</emphasis>
: double, close to each other in 5 and 7; slightly separated in 6, widely in 8; 9 enlarged, double, cordiform; 10 and following segments enlarged, simple; crossing septa simple.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FDCAFBAF3DEEFB9E" box="[617,915,1025,1049]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Paired dorsoventral vessels</emphasis>
: 5–8 thin vessels, 9– 11 enlarged, moniliform.
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430610AE60FE70FB8F3C87FBBD" authority=": Meganephridia" authorityName="Meganephridia" box="[467,762,1057,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Nephridia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="296" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE70FB8F3C3CFBBE" box="[467,577,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Nephridia</emphasis>
: Meganephridia
</taxonomicName>
; thin, elongated coiled loops with extended elongated caeca.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE71FBEF3CCBFBDE" box="[466,694,1089,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Spermiductal funnels</emphasis>
: proandric arrangement; one pair of large, iridescent funnels in 10, closely connected posteriorly with seminal sacs.
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430610AE60FC6BFBCF3A13FBFE" box="[968,1134,1121,1145]" class="Aves" genus="Vasa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="17" pageNumber="296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="deferentia">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FC6BFBCF3A13FBFE" box="[968,1134,1121,1145]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Vasa deferentia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: single, anteriorly thick ducts, commencing laterally in 10, extend through 11 and run over flat genital glands of segments 12–14, where become embedded in body wall. Ectal parts were not observed.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FE2EFB6F3C42FB5E" box="[397,575,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Seminal vesicles</emphasis>
: one pair of very large, composite sacs, irregular in shapes, commencing at septum 10/11 extending into 11 and pushing neighboring septum 11/12 expand into 12. Both sacs composed of variable in shape and size granulated lobes, communicating with base at 10/11, closely connected with spermiductal funnels.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FF16FAEF3F33FADE" box="[181,334,1345,1369]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Spermathecae</emphasis>
: in 9 and 10, one at each side; both pairs iridescent, with sperm. Anterior spermathecae narrow, club­shaped, much smaller than posteriors, with ectal parts entering body wall at intersegmental furrow 9/10. Posterior spermathecae very large, oval, with long curved ectal ducts entering intersegmental furrow 10/11.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FC96FA0F3DF4FA3E" box="[821,905,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Ovaries</emphasis>
: not observed.
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20610AE60FB85FA0F3E80FA5E" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Genital glands</emphasis>
: small, flat, twice­ or three­folded glands, in some of segments 9–13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00610AE60FF16FA443F31F904" blockId="17.[181,1142,1514,1667]" pageId="17" pageNumber="296">Biological notes: The species was collected in the central Drakensberg mountains, in an area protected by KZN Wildlife, in indigenous grassland slope, and in river­bank beyond the boundaries of the park. Mature and juvenile specimens were collected in both sites during summer. Iridescence observed in spermathecae confirm species sexual reproduction.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF33FF603C9FFE60" blockId="18.[144,1104,206,527]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
Discussion: The location of spermathecae in segments 9 and 10 is diagnostic for the
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FF33FF403F64FE81" baseAuthorityName="Reinecke &amp; Ryke" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[144,281,238,262]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lesothoensis">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF33FF403F64FE81" box="[144,281,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">lesothoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species­group. The species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FD50FF403D2FFE81" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[755,850,238,262]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FD50FF403D2FFE81" box="[755,850,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">amphius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described below. The shape and position of clitellum and tubercula pubertatis resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FC49FEA03A34FEA1" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[1002,1097,270,294]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FC49FEA03A34FEA1" box="[1002,1097,270,294]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">amphius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The typhlosole and intestine folds are also similarly located. The species differ in the postclitellar arrangement of setae and location of anterior pair of spermathecal pores. In
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FF0EFEC03E8EFE01" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[173,243,366,390]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="adami">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FF0EFEC03E8EFE01" box="[173,243,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">adami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
pores are in the intersegmental furrow 9/10, and their activity is confirmed by the presence of sperm in the anterior spermathecae. In
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FD5FFE203D26FE21" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[764,859,398,422]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FD5FFE203D26FE21" box="[764,859,398,422]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">amphius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the spermathecae are empty with their ectal parts entering the intra­segmental body wall in segment 9, a condition presently known only in
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FDB4FE603C0BFE61" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2003" box="[535,630,462,486]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="amphius">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FDB4FE603C0BFE61" box="[535,630,462,486]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">amphius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D9DB4D430613AE63FD0FFE603CA6FE61" authorityName="Plisko" authorityYear="2002" box="[684,731,462,486]" class="Clitellata" family="Microchaetidae" genus="Proandricus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="18" pageNumber="297" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sani">
<emphasis id="2CAFEAD20613AE63FD0FFE603CA6FE61" box="[684,731,462,486]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">sani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6436C00613AE63FF33FE583A35FD88" blockId="18.[144,1104,206,527]" box="[144,1096,502,527]" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">
Distribution: Known from the Drakensberg mountain range in western KZN (
<figureCitation id="86E02A450613AE63FC56FE583A47FD88" box="[1013,1082,502,527]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[181,214,1503,1523]" captionTargetBox="[181,1141,421,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-68@15.[181,1141,421,1488]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 7. The distribution of Proandricus species in KZN. 1 = adami; 2 = adriani; 3 = alatus; 4 = amphius; 5 = armstrongi; 6 = babanango; 7 = beddardi; 8 = bergvillensis; 9 = bourquini; 10 = bulwerensis; 11 = colletti; 12 = crookesi; 13 = entumeni; 14 = gracilis; 15 = hedothecus; 16 = hlatikulu; 17 = injasuti; 18 = ivari; 19 = jasoni; 20 = lovuus; 21 = marleyi; 22 = martensi; 23 = michelleae; 24 = modestus; 25 = oresbiosus; 26 = ortyi; 27 = pajori; 28 = richerti; 29 = setosus; 30 = thornvillensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7666272" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7666272/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="297">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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