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<document id="A2018EFA35083CAD12004A31D03DAD06" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12381" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d73105df-ed15-4fed-8798-0e9b473a114a" ID-Zenodo-Dep="270304" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1467563411394" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Adán Ṕerez-Garćia, Francisco Ortega &amp; Emiliano Jiménez Fuentes" docDate="2016" docId="931F87FCFFFBDC5BFEB933E9D306456F" docLanguage="en" docName="zjls_177_648.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 177" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pelorochelon Ṕerez-Garćia, Ortega &amp; Fuentes, 2016, GEN. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="657" masterDocId="6F26FF84FFF2DC52FF9B3039D6104052" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy, systematics, and diversity of the European oldest testudinids" masterLastPageNumber="675" masterPageNumber="648" pageNumber="657" updateTime="1698363157625" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="15E647DCD7500AD38A1A7EE6159F2A84">Taxonomy, systematics, and diversity of the European oldest testudinids</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="65639AC7288C263CF38AAA21FD2B770B">Adán Ṕerez-Garćia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5240982FCFE8AB1E651BA1CA81071BF2">Francisco Ortega</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F05C3B8506586438DFB743F9CE7700B6">Emiliano Jiménez Fuentes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="19B1240EB81213CE030F959093376EA9">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<treatment id="931F87FCFFFBDC5BFEB933E9D306456F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5619927" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121268855" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5619927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:931F87FCFFFBDC5BFEB933E9D306456F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/931F87FCFFFBDC5BFEB933E9D306456F" lastPageNumber="657" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
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<taxonomicName id="DCB64D69FFFBDC5BFEB933E9D7F043B5" box="[290,480,976,999]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Pelorochelon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFEB933E9D7F043B5" bold="true" box="[290,480,976,999]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">PELOROCHELON</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFE7133EDD47443B5" bold="true" box="[490,612,973,999]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">GEN. NOV.</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="838D2A6FFFFBDC5BFE8133D4D77B4457" box="[282,363,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[166,245,1850,1869]" captionTargetBox="[393,1217,826,1816]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[393,1218,826,1817]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. STUS 14223, holotype of Pelorochelon soriana, from the early Bartonian (middle Eocene) of the Spanish site of Mazateŕon (Soria Province), in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. Scale bar = 10 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270306/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">FIGS 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="838D2A6FFFFBDC5BFEE133D2D79B4457" box="[378,395,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[144,223,1803,1822]" captionTargetBox="[166,1401,198,1770]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[166,1401,198,1770]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3. Some of the paratypes of Pelorochelon soriana, from the early Bartonian (middle Eocene) of the Spanish site of Mazateŕon (Soria Province). A, shells STUS 14227 and STUS 14228, in ventral view. B, shells STUS 14229 and STUS 14230, in dorsal view. C, STUS 14399, anterior half of a shell, in dorsal (C 1) and ventral (C 2) views. D, STUS 14398, anterior half of a shell, in dorsal (D 1) and ventral (D 2) views. Scale bar = 10 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270307/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="838D2A6FFFFBDC5BFE0033D2D7BD4457" box="[411,429,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="4.[166,245,1588,1607]" captionText="Figure 4. Some of the paratypes of Pelorochelon soriana, from the early Bartonian (middle Eocene) of the Spanish site of Mazateŕon (Soria Province). A, STUS 14224, partial shell, in dorsal view (A 1), and plastron, in ventral view (A 2). B, STUS 14226, left hemiplastron, in dorsal (B 1) and ventral (B 2) views. C, STUS 14225, posterior region of a carapace, in dorsal (C 1) and ventral (C 2) views. D, STUS 10840, first neural, in dorsal (D 1) and ventral (D 2) views; E, STUS 10862, first neural, in dorsal (E 1) and ventral (E 2) views; F, STUS 8711, first neural, in dorsal (F 1) and ventral (F 2) views; G, STUS 10786, pygal, in dorsal (G 1) and ventral (G 2) views; H, STUS 10841, pygal, in dorsal (H 1) and ventral (H 2) views; I, STUS 10785, pygal, in dorsal (I 1) and ventral (I 2) views; J, STUS 10761, right xiphiplastron, in ventral (J 1) and dorsal (J 2) views; K, STUS 10787, left xiphiplastron, in dorsal (K 1) and ventral (K 2) views; L, STUS 10719, left xiphiplastron, in dorsal (L 1) and ventral (L 2) views; M, STUS 10760, right xiphiplastron, in ventral (M 1) and dorsal (M 2) views; N, STUS 10851, left xiphiplastron, in dorsal (N 1) and ventral (N 2) views; O, STUS 11696, left xiphiplastron, in dorsal (O 1) and ventral (O 2) views. Scale bar = 10 cm." pageId="9" pageNumber="657">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="838D2A6FFFFBDC5BFE2733D2D7DD4457" box="[444,461,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[166,245,1411,1430]" captionTargetBox="[280,1324,198,1378]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[280,1325,198,1378]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Some of the paratypes of Pelorochelon soriana, from the early Bartonian (middle Eocene) of the Spanish site of Mazateŕon (Soria Province). A, STUS 8707, right epiplastron, in ventral (A 1), dorsal (A 2), anterior (A 3), and lateral (A 4) views. B, STUS 13802, left epiplastron, in dorsal (B 1), ventral (B 2), anterior (B 3), and lateral (B 4) views. C, STUS 11698, right epiplastron, right half of the entoplastron and anterior region of the right hyoplastron, in ventral (C 1), dorsal (C 2), anterior (C 3), and lateral (C 4) views. D, STUS 10857, right epiplastron, in ventral (D 1) and dorsal (D 2) views. E, STUS 10849, left epiplastron, in dorsal (E 1) and ventral (E 2) views. F, STUS 11697, left epiplastron and left half of the entoplastron, in dorsal (F 1) and ventral (F 2) views. G, STUS 10843, right epiplastron, in ventral (G 1) and dorsal (G 2) views. H, STUS 13753, left epiplastron, in dorsal (H 1) and ventral (H 2) views. I, STUS 11693, left epiplastron, in dorsal (I 1) and ventral (I 2) views. J, STUS 10850, right epiplastron, in ventral (J 1) and dorsal (J 2) views. K, STUS 10852, left epiplastron, in dorsal (K 1) and ventral (K 2) views. L, STUS 11695, left epiplastron, in dorsal (L 1) and ventral (L 2) views. M, STUS 10853, left epiplastron, in dorsal (M 1) and ventral (M 2) views. N, STUS 13763, left epiplastron, in dorsal (N 1) and ventral (N 2) views. O, STUS 11694, left epiplastron, in dorsal (O 1) and ventral (O 2) views. P, STUS 13736, right epiplastron, in ventral (P 1) and dorsal (P 2) views. Q, STUS 13762, left epiplastron, in dorsal (Q 1) and ventral (Q 2) views. R, STUS 13754, left epiplastron, in dorsal (R 1) and ventral (R 2) views. S, STUS 10860, right epiplastron, in ventral (S 1) and dorsal (S 2) views. T, STUS 10864, right epiplastron, in ventral (T 1) and dorsal (T 2) views. U, STUS 10856, right epiplastron, in ventral (U 1) and dorsal (U 2) views. V, STUS 10861, left epiplastron, in dorsal (V 1) and ventral (V 2) views. W, STUS 10814, left epiplastron, in dorsal (W 1) and ventral (W 2) views. Scale bar = 10 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/270308/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="838D2A6FFFFBDC5BFE4733D2D7FC4457" box="[476,492,1003,1029]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[144,223,209,228]" captionText="Figure 6. Shells and elements of the shells of several Eocene testudinid taxa. A, B, Hadrianus corsoni, from the middle Eocene of Wyoming. A, shell AMNH 6027, from the Bridger Formation, in dorsal (A 1), ventral (A 2), left lateral (A 3), anterior (A 4), and posterior (A 5) views, and details of its anterior plastral lobe in right lateral (A 6), ventral (A 7), left lateral (A 8), antero-dorsal (A 9), and anterior (A 10) views. Previous images of this specimen are provided in figs 473 – 475 of Hay (1908). B, some of the preserved elements of the shell of AMNH 1068, from the Bridger Formation, corresponding to the dorsal view of the plastron (B 1), the antero-dorsal view of the anterior region of the carapace (B 2), the ventral view of the anterior plastral lobe (B 3), and the dorsal view of the anterior plastral lobe (B 4). C, anterior region of the epiplastra of AMNH 1065, Hadrianus sp. from the Washakie Formation (Eocene of Wyoming), in ventral (C 1), dorsal (C 2), left lateral (C 3), right lateral (C 4), and anterior (C 5) views. D, plastron of the holotype of Fontainechelon cassouleti, MDE-sp 37, from the early Eocene of Saint-Papoul (Aude, France), in ventral (D 1) and dorsal (D 2) views, and detail of the dorsal view of its anterior plastral lobe (D 3). Previous images of this specimen are provided in plate 3 A – E and fig. 3 of Claude &amp; Tong (2004). E, F, several epiplastra of Pelorochelon cf. eocaenica, from the early Eocene of Marne (France). E, MNHN. F SVT 15363, right epiplastron in ventral (E 1), dorsal (E 2), medial (E 3), lateral (E 4), and anterior (E 5) views. F, MNHN. F AC 8535, right epiplastron in ventral (F 1), dorsal (F 2), medial (F 3), and lateral (F 4) views. G, anterior half of a right epiplastron, in ventral (G 1), dorsal (G 2), and medial (G 3) views. H, anterior half of a right epiplastron, in ventral (H 1), dorsal (H 2), lateral (H 3), and medial (H 4) views. Scale bars = 10 cm." pageId="9" pageNumber="657">6</figureCitation>
E, F, G, H)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B0936EAFFFBDC5BFF0B3427D4B94460" blockId="9.[144,759,1053,1900]" box="[144,681,1053,1075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF0B3427D4B94460" bold="true" box="[144,681,1053,1075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF0B3427D4504461" bold="true" box="[144,576,1053,1075]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<typeStatus id="C40D8848FFFBDC5BFF0B3427D6D64461" box="[144,198,1054,1075]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">Type</typeStatus>
species.
<taxonomicName id="DCB64D69FFFBDC5BFEAA3424D4504461" box="[305,576,1053,1075]" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Pelorochelon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="soriana" status="sp. nov.">Pelorochelon soriana</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32F15783FFFBDC5BFDD33424D4B94460" box="[584,681,1053,1074]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53AC6561FFFBDC5BFF0B3402D7404422" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="1B0936EAFFFBDC5BFF0B3402D7404422" blockId="9.[144,759,1053,1900]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF0B3402D7DA4403" bold="true" box="[144,458,1083,1105]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">Other included species.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DCB64D69FFFBDC5BFE423402D75C4422" authority="Hummel, 1935" authorityName="Hummel" authorityYear="1935" class="Reptilia" family="Testudinidae" genus="Pelorochelon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eocaenica">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFE423402D4E64403" bold="true" box="[473,758,1083,1105]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">Pelorochelon eocaenica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7F274B1BFFFBDC5BFF0C3463D7544422" author="Hummel K." box="[151,324,1114,1136]" journalOrPublisher="Nova Acta Leopoldina" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" pagination="457 - 483" part="2" refString="Hummel K. 1935. Schildkroten aus der mitteleozanen Braunkohle des Geiseltales. Nova Acta Leopoldina 2: 457 - 483." title="Schildkroten aus der mitteleozanen Braunkohle des Geiseltales" type="journal article" year="1935">Hummel, 1935</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53AC6561FFFBDC5BFF0B3440D475457A" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1B0936EAFFFBDC5BFF0B3440D475457A" blockId="9.[144,759,1053,1900]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF0B3440D77344DD" bold="true" box="[144,355,1145,1167]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">Etymology. Peloro</emphasis>
-, meaning monstrous and gigantic in Greek, because it is the European oldest known testudinid with a shell of more than
<quantity id="DC4E9B0FFFFBDC5BFDDD348FD49D449E" box="[582,653,1206,1228]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
, and the largest testudinid in the European Eocene record; and -
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF4A34CAD70A455B" bold="true" box="[209,282,1267,1289]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">chelon</emphasis>
, from the ancient Greek word χελώνη (cheloni), which means turtle or tortoise.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53AC6561FFFBDC5BFF0B3509D6FA4536" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="1B0936EAFFFBDC5BFF0B3509D6FA4536" blockId="9.[144,759,1053,1900]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF0B3509D7314514" bold="true" box="[144,289,1328,1350]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">Distribution.</emphasis>
Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) of Europe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53AC6561FFFBDC5BFF0B3554D306456F" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1B0936EAFFFBDC5BFF0B3554D306456F" blockId="9.[144,759,1053,1900]" lastBlockId="9.[807,1421,739,1341]" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">
<emphasis id="29C2EAF8FFFBDC5BFF0B3554D71745D0" bold="true" box="[144,263,1389,1410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="657">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Western European Cenozoic testudinid, with the length of the shell close to
<quantity id="DC4E9B0FFFFBDC5BFDA435B5D49645F3" box="[575,646,1420,1441]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="657" unit="cm" value="70.0">70 cm</quantity>
, differing from all the medium and large European testudinids by the presence of a well-developed visceral elevation in the lateral margin of the epiplastra, expanded toward the anterior region, and characterized by a unique character combination: shallow notch in the anterior carapace margin; slightly wider than long nuchal; eight to nine neurals; first suprapygal embrassing the lenticular second one; dorsally directed distal margins of the anterior and posterior peripherals; absence of pointed tips in the anterior and posterior carapacial rim; posterior carapace margin not undulating; presence of a cervical scute; cervical almost as wide as long; markedly divergent latero-posterior margins of the first vertebral scute; third vertebral longer than wide; first pair of pleurals not overlapping the nuchal; third pleural contacting the seventh to ninth pair of marginals; medial margins of the marginals not contacting the costo-peripheral suture; second marginals not contacting the nuchal; fourth marginals medially in contact with the first pleurals; presence of twelve pairs of marginals; overlap of the twelfth marginals on the second suprapygal; anterior plastral lobe as long as the posterior one; medially notched anterior plastral lobe; concave dorsal lip of the epiplastra; presence of gular protrusions; absence of gular pocket; absence of step-like morphology behind the epiplastral lip; epiplastra as long as wide; sutured contact between all plastral plates; gular scutes not contacting or not overlying the anterior region of the entoplastron; anterior angle between the sagittal axis and the gularo-humeral sulcus of 65° or more obtuse; humero-pectoral sulcus generally perpendicular to the axial plane in the medial area, with a well-developed lateral change of curvature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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