treatments-xml/data/76/09/23/760923B81D8C5BDB9B4A8E64E25828B4.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.51865" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c35fafc4-2f83-4a5d-a4fd-cb65b6e7ac7a" ID-PMC="PMC7351868" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-945-129" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F6BEF0EC79135885AED03622F177BD76" ID-PubMed="32714008" ID-ZooBank="04BAF07283CE4630B1014356A1688F77" ModsDocID="1313-2970-945-129" checkinTime="1593797410133" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Triapitsyn, Serguei V., Adachi-Hagimori, Tetsuya, Rugman-Jones, Paul F., Kado, Natsuko, Sawamura, Nobuo &amp; Narai, Yutaka" docDate="2020" docId="760923B81D8C5BDB9B4A8E64E25828B4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 945: 129-152" docOrigin="ZooKeys 945" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.51865" docTitle="Anagrus (Anagrus) arboridiae Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="915C3341-6BD3-4E69-A6FD-8B47FD77792E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="F6BEF0EC79135885AED03622F177BD76" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="F6BEF0EC79135885AED03622F177BD76" masterDocTitle="Egg parasitoids of Arboridia apicalis (Nawa, 1913) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae), a leafhopper pest of grapevines in Japan, with description of a new species of Anagrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)" masterLastPageNumber="152" masterPageNumber="129" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1668169040500" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Egg parasitoids of Arboridia apicalis (Nawa, 1913) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae), a leafhopper pest of grapevines in Japan, with description of a new species of Anagrus Haliday, 1833 (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Triapitsyn, Serguei V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Adachi-Hagimori, Tetsuya</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Organization for Promotion of Tenure Track, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-7772</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">tadachi@cc.miyazaki-u.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Rugman-Jones, Paul F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kado, Natsuko</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shimane Agricultural Technology Center, Izumo, Shimane, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sawamura, Nobuo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shimane Agricultural Technology Center, Izumo, Shimane, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Narai, Yutaka</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shimane Agricultural Technology Center, Izumo, Shimane, Japan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number>945</mods:number>
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<mods:start>129</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.51865</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.945.51865</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164910883" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:915C3341-6BD3-4E69-A6FD-8B47FD77792E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/760923B81D8C5BDB9B4A8E64E25828B4" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName LSID="760923B8-1D8C-5BDB-9B4A-8E64E25828B4" authority="Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori" authorityName="Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Trichogrammatidae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus) arboridiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboridiae" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus) arboridiae Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="129">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a habitus of female (lateral view) b habitus of male (dorsal view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428254" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figures 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a antenna b fore wing c genitalia (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Holotype</emphasis>
♀ (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3a, b, d</figureCitation>
), deposited in ELKU, on slide (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3c</figureCitation>
) labeled: 1. &quot;Japan: Honshu Island Shimane Prefecture, Unnan Oku-Izumo vineyard, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="35.288887">35°17'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="132" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="132.92944">132°55'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 155 m (organic Black Olympia table grapes heavily infested with 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Nawa" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Arboridia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arboridia apicalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Arboridia apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nawa) in a covered vineyard), leaves collected 4.x.2019, N. Kado, N. Sawamura, T. Adachi-Hagimori, S. V. Triapitsyn Emerged 6.x.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn&quot;; 2. [magenta] &quot; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus) arboridiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboridiae" subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus) arboridiae</taxonomicName>
Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori HOLOTYPE ♀&quot;; 3. &quot;Det. by S. V. Triapitsyn 2019&quot;; 4. [barcode database label/unique identifier] &quot; UCRC [bold] UCRC_ENT 005517345&quot;.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428254" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus arboridiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">a</emphasis>
habitus of female (lateral view) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">b</emphasis>
habitus of male (dorsal view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus arboridiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. female (holotype) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">a</emphasis>
antenna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">b</emphasis>
fore and hind wings 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">c</emphasis>
slide 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">d</emphasis>
gaster.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Japan: Honshu Island, Shimane Prefecture, Unnan, Oku-Izumo vineyard, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="35.288887">35°17'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="132" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="132.92944">132°55'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 155 m (organic Black Olympia table grapes heavily infested with 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a covered vineyard), collected 4.x.2019, N. Kado, N. Sawamura, T. Adachi-Hagimori, S. V. Triapitsyn, emerged from grape leaves: 5.x.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [4 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂, ELKU, UCRC: 2 ♀♀, 5 ♂♂ on points and 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂ on slides (including 1 ♀ on slide, P. F. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rugman-Jones’">Rugman-Jones'</normalizedToken>
molecular voucher PR19-504, UCRC_ENT 005517353)]; 6.x.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [15 ♀♀, 10 ♂♂, CNC, ELKU, UCRC: 8 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂ on points and 7 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂ on slides (including 1 ♀ on slide, P. F. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rugman-Jones’">Rugman-Jones'</normalizedToken>
molecular voucher PR19-503, UCRC_ENT 005517352)]. Kyushu Island, Miyazaki Prefecture, Higashimorokata, Aya, Kitamata, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="32.00889">32°00'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="131" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="131.24055">131°14'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 86 m (Katsuki Wines LLC organic vineyard, Chardonnay wine grapes lightly infested with 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a covered vineyard), leaves collected 30.x.2019, T. Adachi-Hagimori, S. V. Triapitsyn, emerged 6.xi.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [1 ♀, 1 ♂ on slides, UCRC].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Other (non-type) material examined.</emphasis>
Japan: Honshu Island, Shimane Prefecture, Unnan, Oku-Izumo vineyard, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="35.288887">35°17'20&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="132" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="132.92944">132°55'46&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 155 m (organic Black Olympia table grapes heavily infested with 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a covered vineyard), collected 4.x.2019, N. Kado, N. Sawamura, T. Adachi-Hagimori, S. V. Triapitsyn: sweeping on vines [1 ♀]; emerged from grape leaves: 5.x.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [10 ♀♀, 10 ♂♂]; 6.x.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [27 ♀♀, 22 ♂♂]; 7.x.2019, N. Kado [35 ♀♀, 29 ♂♂]; 8.x.2019, N. Kado [27 ♀♀, 18 ♂♂]; 9.x.2019, N. Kado [24 ♀♀, 12 ♂♂]; 10.x.2019, N. Kado [6 ♀♀, 6 ♂♂]; 11.x.2019, N. Kado [12 ♀♀, 7 ♂♂]; 13.x.2019, N. Kado [7 ♀♀]; 15.x.2019, N. Kado [1 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂]. Kyushu Island, Miyazaki Prefecture, Higashimorokata, Aya, Kitamata, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="32.00889">32°00'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="131" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="131.24055">131°14'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 86 m (Katsuki Wines LLC organic vineyard, Chardonnay wine grapes lightly infested with 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a covered vineyard), leaves collected 30.x.2019, T. Adachi-Hagimori, S. V. Triapitsyn: emerged 31.x.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [1 ♂]; emerged 2.xi.2019, T. Adachi-Hagimori [1 ♂]; emerged 4.xi.2019, T. Adachi-Hagimori [2 ♀♀]; emerged 2.xi.2019, T. Adachi-Hagimori [1 ♂]; emerged 5.xi.2019, S. V. Triapitsyn [1 ♀]. All in 80% ethanol in a freezer [UCRC].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
The new species is a member of the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="atomus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="atomus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">atomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group of 
<taxonomicName authority="(Anagrus)" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus)</taxonomicName>
as defined by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939600770301" author="Chiappini, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="551 - 595" refId="B8" refString="Chiappini, E, Triapitsyn, SV, Donev, A, 1996. Key to the Holarctic species of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and Palaearctic (other than European) species and descriptions of new taxa. Journal of Natural History 30: 551 - 595, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939600770301" title="Key to the Holarctic species of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and Palaearctic (other than European) species and descriptions of new taxa." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939600770301" volume="30" year="1996">Chiappini et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
. Female antenna (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3a</figureCitation>
) with mps on F3 (1), F4 (1), F5 (1 or 2), F6 (2), and clava (3); midlobe of mesoscutum without adnotaular setae; fore wing disc with a distinct subapical bare area (Figs 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3b</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a antenna b fore wing c genitalia (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4b</figureCitation>
); ovipositor (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3d</figureCitation>
) 2.3-2.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of protibia. Male genitalia (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a antenna b fore wing c genitalia (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4c</figureCitation>
) with hooked digiti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Morphologically, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. flaviapex" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="flaviapex">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. flaviapex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, to which its female specimens with a more or less distinct bare area on the fore wing disc key in 
<bibRefCitation author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="3 - 50" refId="B33" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, 2015. Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 59: 3 - 50" title="Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist." volume="59" year="2015">Triapitsyn (2015)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.736.20883" author="Li, Q" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="43 - 57" refId="B19" refString="Li, Q, Hu, H, Triapitsyn, SV, Yi, L, Lu, J, 2018. Anagrus dmitrievi sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Zyginidia eremita (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae), a pest of maize in Xinjiang, China. ZooKeys 736: 43 - 57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.736.20883" title="Anagrus dmitrievi sp. n. (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), an egg parasitoid of Zyginidia eremita (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae), a pest of maize in Xinjiang, China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.736.20883" volume="736" year="2018">Li et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
. Both taxa have one mps on F3 of the female antenna (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/91.5.549" author="Chiappini, E" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="549 - 571" refId="B6" refString="Chiappini, E, Lin, N-q, 1998. Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of China, with descriptions of nine new species. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 91 (5): 549 - 571, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/91.5.549" title="Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of China, with descriptions of nine new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/91.5.549" volume="91" year="1998">Chiappini and Lin 1998</bibRefCitation>
). However, male genitalia of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. flaviapex" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="flaviapex">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. flaviapex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have cone-shaped, straight digiti (
<bibRefCitation author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="237 - 239" refId="B32" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, 1999. Description of the male of Anagrus flaviapex (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with new distribution and host records. Entomological News 110 (4): 237 - 239" title="Description of the male of Anagrus flaviapex (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with new distribution and host records." volume="110" year="1999">Triapitsyn 1999</bibRefCitation>
) and body of the female is mostly brown (
<bibRefCitation author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="3 - 50" refId="B33" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, 2015. Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 59: 3 - 50" title="Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist." volume="59" year="2015">Triapitsyn 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Besides 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the three other known species within the nominate subgenus of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with hooked digiti of male genitalia and three mps on the clava of female antenna, the European 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="vilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. vilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Donev and the Afrotropical 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. scassellatii" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="scassellatii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. scassellatii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Paoli and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. sensillatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="sensillatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. sensillatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Viggiani &amp; Jesu (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930050117549" author="Chiappini, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1661 - 1676" refId="B7" refString="Chiappini, E, Mazzoni, E, 2000. Differing morphology and ultrastructure of the male copulatory apparatus in species-groups of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Journal of Natural History 34 (8): 1661 - 1676, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930050117549" title="Differing morphology and ultrastructure of the male copulatory apparatus in species-groups of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930050117549" volume="34" year="2000">Chiappini and Mazzoni 2000</bibRefCitation>
), were assigned to the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="atomus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="atomus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">atomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group by them and also by 
<bibRefCitation author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="3 - 50" refId="B33" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, 2015. Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 59: 3 - 50" title="Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist." volume="59" year="2015">Triapitsyn (2015)</bibRefCitation>
. More recently, 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1299811" author="Nugnes, F" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="582 - 599" refId="B24" refString="Nugnes, F, Bernardo, U, Viggiani, G, 2017. An integrative approach to species discrimination in the Anagrus atomus group sensu stricto (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a description of a new species. Systematics and Biodiversity 15 (6): 582 - 599, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1299811" title="An integrative approach to species discrimination in the Anagrus atomus group sensu stricto (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1299811" volume="15" year="2017">Nugnes et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
placed these, without providing much of a justification and based solely on the hooked shape of the digiti of male genitalia, in a separate 
<taxonomicName lsidName="vilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="vilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">vilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group of 
<taxonomicName authority="(Anagrus)" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus)</taxonomicName>
. However, based on other morphological features of both sexes 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not related to 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="vilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. vilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and either of them are not related to the two aforementioned Afrotropical species. Moreover, in males of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Okinawa Island, shape of the digiti is of an intermediate state between the strongly hooked (such as in 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. vilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="vilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. vilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the straight ones (like in most other species within the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="atomus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="atomus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">atomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group): these are more or less cone-shaped in dorsoventral view but notably curved in lateral view (Adachi-Hagimori et al. unpublished). Because the hooked shape of the digiti is likely to have evolved independently in the different lineages within the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="atomus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="atomus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">atomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">sensu lato</emphasis>
, we agree with the conclusion made by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930050117549" author="Chiappini, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="1661 - 1676" refId="B7" refString="Chiappini, E, Mazzoni, E, 2000. Differing morphology and ultrastructure of the male copulatory apparatus in species-groups of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae). Journal of Natural History 34 (8): 1661 - 1676, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930050117549" title="Differing morphology and ultrastructure of the male copulatory apparatus in species-groups of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930050117549" volume="34" year="2000">Chiappini and Mazzoni (2000)</bibRefCitation>
that by itself this feature should not be used for defining separate species groups without support of any additional characters. Thus, we do not recognize the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="vilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="vilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">vilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group proposed by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1299811" author="Nugnes, F" journalOrPublisher="Systematics and Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="582 - 599" refId="B24" refString="Nugnes, F, Bernardo, U, Viggiani, G, 2017. An integrative approach to species discrimination in the Anagrus atomus group sensu stricto (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a description of a new species. Systematics and Biodiversity 15 (6): 582 - 599, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1299811" title="An integrative approach to species discrimination in the Anagrus atomus group sensu stricto (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with a description of a new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2017.1299811" volume="15" year="2017">Nugnes et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
as a separate entity from the 
<taxonomicName lsidName="atomus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="atomus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">atomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
Females of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also similar to those 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. japonicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that sometimes have an mps on F3, but the former always have distinct light brown and brown patches on the mesoscutum and the basal gastral terga respectively, which the latter species lacks.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
An updated key to females of the Japanese species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is provided below, as the latest key by 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.32634" author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="93 - 112" refId="B35" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, Adachi-Hagimori, T, Rugman-Jones, PF, Barry, A, Abe, A, Matsuo, K, Ohno, K, 2019[a]. Egg parasitoids of the tea green leafhopper Empoasca onukii (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) in Japan, with description of a new species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae). ZooKeys 836: 93 - 112, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.32634" title="Egg parasitoids of the tea green leafhopper Empoasca onukii (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) in Japan, with description of a new species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.32634" volume="836" year="2019 [a]">Triapitsyn et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
is already outdated after the addition of four species herein which are new to the fauna of Japan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Female</emphasis>
(holotype and paratypes). Body length of dry-mounted, critical point-dried paratypes 400-500 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, and of the slide-mounted paratypes 415-520 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Body (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a habitus of female (lateral view) b habitus of male (dorsal view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428254" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2a</figureCitation>
) and appendages mostly pale yellow except funicle, occiput and almost all of mesoscutum (except posteriorly) light brown, transverse trabecula and stemmaticum dark brown, clava and two basal gastral terga brown; wings almost hyaline (slightly infumate). Antenna (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3a</figureCitation>
) with scape 3.4-4.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, with cross-ridges, 2.0-2.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of pedicel; F1 at most slightly longer than wide, almost half of pedicel length; F2 usually notably shorter than following funicular segments but occasionally approximately as long as F3 or even slightly longer (when F3 lacks mps), F4 usually slightly longer than F5 but occasionally subequal to F5, F6 the longest funicular segment; mps on F3 (usually one but often none), F4 (one or two); F5 (one), and F6 (two); clava with three rather short mps (just a little longer than half length of clava), 2.7-3.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, usually slightly longer (but occasionally approximately as long as) than combined length of F5 and F6. Midlobe of mesoscutum without adnotaular setae. Fore wing (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3b</figureCitation>
) 6.1-7.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, longest marginal seta 2.5-2.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximum wing width; distal macrochaeta ca. 4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of proximal macrochaeta; disc with several rows of setae in addition to admarginal rows of setae (single complete row originating behind apex of venation and two or three irregular rows in the broadest part of disc), leaving a distinct subapical bare area at posterior margin. Hind wing (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3b</figureCitation>
) 21-25 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, longest marginal seta 7.4-9.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
maximum wing width; disc mostly bare except for an almost complete row of microtrichia along posterior margin and 1-3 additional microtrichia at apex. Ovipositor (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. female (holotype) a antenna b fore and hind wings c slide d gaster." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428255" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">3d</figureCitation>
) extending anteriorly almost to mesophragma in slide-mounted specimens and at most barely exserted beyond apex of gaster posteriorly (by at most 0.06 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
total ovipositor length). Second valvifers (= external plates of ovipositor), e.g., 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939600770301" author="Chiappini, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="551 - 595" refId="B8" refString="Chiappini, E, Triapitsyn, SV, Donev, A, 1996. Key to the Holarctic species of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and Palaearctic (other than European) species and descriptions of new taxa. Journal of Natural History 30: 551 - 595, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939600770301" title="Key to the Holarctic species of Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) with a review of the Nearctic and Palaearctic (other than European) species and descriptions of new taxa." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939600770301" volume="30" year="1996">Chiappini et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, each with 1 seta. Ovipositor 1.9-2.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of protibia (2.05 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
in the holotype).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Measurements</emphasis>
(µm) of the holotype (as length or length: width). Body: 545; mesosoma 197; gaster 251; ovipositor 212. Antenna: scape 75; pedicel 38; F1 13; F2 27; F3 39; F4 43; F5 42; F6 48; clava 100. Fore wing 463: 74; longest marginal seta 185. Hind wing 424: 20; longest marginal seta 148.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Male</emphasis>
(paratypes). Body length of dry-mounted, critical point-dried paratypes 330-460 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, and of the slide-mounted paratypes 400-520 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Body color mainly as in female except most of mesoscutum brown and most of gaster dark brown (light brown basally) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a habitus of female (lateral view) b habitus of male (dorsal view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428254" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">2b</figureCitation>
); flagellum light brown. Antenna (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a antenna b fore wing c genitalia (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4a</figureCitation>
) with scape 2.6-3.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, F1 usually at least slightly shorter than following flagellomeres but occasionally either much shorter than F2 or approximately as long as F2. Fore wing (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a antenna b fore wing c genitalia (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4b</figureCitation>
) 5.9-6.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide. Genitalia (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Anagrus arboridiae sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) a antenna b fore wing c genitalia (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">4c</figureCitation>
) length 86-90 
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; digiti hooked.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.945.51865.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/428256" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Triapitsyn &amp; Adachi-Hagimori" authorityYear="2020" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus arboridiae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. male (paratypes from Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">a</emphasis>
antenna 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">b</emphasis>
fore wing 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">c</emphasis>
genitalia (lateral view).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">This new species is named after the host leafhopper genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Palaearctic region: Japan (Honshu and Kyushu Islands).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Host.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1825" family="Cicadellidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="family">Cicadellidae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Nawa" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Arboridia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Arboridia (Arboridia) apicalis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis" subGenus="Arboridia">Arboridia (Arboridia) apicalis</taxonomicName>
(Nawa). Only 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was present on the grapevines both in Aya, Miyazaki Prefecture and in Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, with any other leafhoppers being absent, so this host association of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is obvious.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
In the dissected parasitized eggs of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. apicalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="apicalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. apicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the organic vineyard in Unnan, Shimane Prefecture, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. arboridiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" rank="species" species="arboridiae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">A. arboridiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed to develop as a solitary endoparasitoid. Other aspects of its biology are unknown and thus would require further investigations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="129" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
The following species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are newly recorded for the fauna of Japan.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chiappini &amp; Lin" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus) flaviapex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviapex" subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus) flaviapex</taxonomicName>
: Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Okinawa Prefecture, Okinawa Island, Itoman, Makabe, Okinawa Prefectural Agricultural Research Center (
<geoCoordinate degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="37.9" value="26.110529">26°06'37.9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="16.1" value="129.6878">129°41'16.1&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 52 m), okra (organic experimental plot), 15-18.x.2019, S.V. Triapitsyn, T. Adachi-Hagimori, T. Uesato, Malaise trap [1 ♀, UCRC; P. F. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rugman-Jones’">Rugman-Jones'</normalizedToken>
molecular voucher PR19-505, UCRC_ENT 005517351]. This species has an Oriental and Eastern Palaearctic distribution but is known from different leafhopper and possibly also planthopper hosts (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/91.5.549" author="Chiappini, E" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="549 - 571" refId="B6" refString="Chiappini, E, Lin, N-q, 1998. Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of China, with descriptions of nine new species. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 91 (5): 549 - 571, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/91.5.549" title="Anagrus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of China, with descriptions of nine new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/91.5.549" volume="91" year="1998">Chiappini and Lin 1998</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="237 - 239" refId="B32" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, 1999. Description of the male of Anagrus flaviapex (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with new distribution and host records. Entomological News 110 (4): 237 - 239" title="Description of the male of Anagrus flaviapex (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with new distribution and host records." volume="110" year="1999">Triapitsyn 1999</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Triapitsyn, SV" journalOrPublisher="Acta Zoologica Lilloana" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" pagination="3 - 50" refId="B33" refString="Triapitsyn, SV, 2015. Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 59: 3 - 50" title="Taxonomy of the genus Anagrus Haliday (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of the world: an annotated key to the described species, discussion of the remaining problems, and a checklist." volume="59" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
The following dry-mounted specimens of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Haliday" authorityYear="1833" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Anagrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found in T. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tachikawa’s">Tachikawa's</normalizedToken>
collection during the first 
<normalizedToken originalValue="author’s">author's</normalizedToken>
visit of ELKU in October 2019 and consequently borrowed, some of them slide-mounted, and then identified. They represent new and interesting host associations for the respective taxa:
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus) atomus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atomus" subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus) atomus</taxonomicName>
(L.): Japan, Shikoku Island, Ehime Prefecture, Kihoku, 24.iii.1966, emerged 28.iii.1966 from eggs of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anufriev" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Eurhadina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurhadina betularia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Eurhadina? betularia</taxonomicName>
Anufriev (a tentative identification of the host per the original label in Japanese) [4 ♀♀, ELKU];
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="129">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Soyka" authorityYear="1956" class="Insecta" family="Mymaridae" genus="Anagrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anagrus (Anagrus) avalae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avalae" subGenus="Anagrus">Anagrus (Anagrus) avalae</taxonomicName>
Soyka: Japan, Honshu Island, Aomori Prefecture, Hirosaki City, vi.1964, R. Tsugawa, from eggs of 
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Edwardsiana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edwardsiana ishidae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ishidae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="129">Edwardsiana ishidae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Matsumura) [13 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂, ELKU].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>