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<document id="BBCA62C131BA4441C94DB54670978D3B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.193432" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9e427443-84c8-4cb8-92ec-cf5ed8cdae1d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193432" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460144317109" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira &amp; Amorim, Dalton De Souza" docDate="2010" docId="2E0C8786A954FFD6AEF07EE9535386D4" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02350p034.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2350" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phthinia parafurcata Oliveira &amp; Amorim, 2010, sp.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="D235FFFEA95CFFDFAE677E7E566A855D" masterDocTitle="The genus Phthinia Winnertz (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) in the Neotropical region, with the first records from Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="22" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1698235379990" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="79C6186BBF7E772D036167239BFFE667">The genus Phthinia Winnertz (Diptera, Mycetophilidae) in the Neotropical region, with the first records from Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CC4CE80700359783F3B683D9E697C4E3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CA061E8B9C098FC2BDD0478A60AE477D">Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D8C327961009CD2E22CFDB7E7C41FCD2">Amorim, Dalton De Souza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="339B9F66A600D8744FFDACFE55B59B1B">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9E07624907D498C3EF7D0FAD254796BA">2350</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="32165F4BECD73322E04B57D95A4710DF" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.193432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="EF73578994B4D80C4F34D2643DBD7188" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BC284710A91F981A50A6EFB8EF83B3A0" type="Zenodo-Dep">193432</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2E0C8786A954FFD6AEF07EE9535386D4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6195841" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119383210" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6195841" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E0C8786A954FFD6AEF07EE9535386D4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E0C8786A954FFD6AEF07EE9535386D4" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<subSubSection id="EEBF651BA954FFD7AEF07EE957728589" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A954FFD7AEF07EE9578A85EC" blockId="8.[151,480,151,212]" box="[151,480,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="FD5281FCA954FFD7AEF07EE9578A85EC" bold="true" box="[151,480,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AEF07EE9578A85EC" bold="true" box="[151,480,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="61A54D13A954FFD7AEF07EE957FD85EC" ID-CoL="8DBZY" box="[151,407,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phthinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parafurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AEF07EE957FD85EC" bold="true" box="[151,407,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Phthinia parafurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FE257F9A954FFD7AFC27EE9578A85EC" box="[421,480,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A61A3690A954FFD7AEF07EC457728589" blockId="8.[151,480,151,212]" box="[151,280,186,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
(
<figureCitation id="3E9E2A15A954FFD7AEF87EC456998589" box="[159,243,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 4" captionStartId="2.[151,272,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,196,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[191,1397,194,1894]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 4. Wings of Phthinia. 1. P. t h ere s a e, sp. n. Holotype. 2. P. urubici, sp. n. Paratype. 3. P. freemani, sp. n. Paratype. 4. P. parafurcata, sp. n. Paratype. Scale: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193433/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3E9E2A15A954FFD7AE987EC457648589" box="[255,270,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="8.[151,256,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,456,1480]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[182,1404,456,1481]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male terminalia of Phthinia parafurcata, sp. n., dorsal view. Paratype. Abbreviations: Ce, cercus; dGcdp, dorsal gonocoxite distal projection; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; T 9, tergite 9; Tg, tegmen; vGcdp, ventral gonocoxite distal projection." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193437/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EEBF651BA954FFD7AEF07F7B57A884CF" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A954FFD7AEF07F7B57A884CF" blockId="8.[151,1437,261,402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AEF07F7B57738442" bold="true" box="[151,281,261,287]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Sc reaching C close to the origin of Rs; first sector of Rs clearly oblique; r-m shorter than M1+2; tergite 9 with long distal lateral projections; apical margin of gonocoxite ventrally with a short, setose projection dorsally with a blade-like, bare projection, both of them projected inward; gonostyle digitiform, with two spine-like setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="F2DA6618A954FFD7AEF07BA057A28368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193437/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[182,1404,456,1480]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A954FFD7AEF07BA057A28368" blockId="8.[151,1437,1502,1589]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AEF07BA0577680AB" bold="true" box="[151,284,1502,1526]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Male terminalia of
<taxonomicName id="61A54D13A954FFD7AF927BA054B080A8" box="[501,730,1502,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phthinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parafurcata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AF927BA054B080A8" box="[501,730,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Phthinia parafurcata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AC8F7BA0557480AB" bold="true" box="[744,798,1502,1526]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FE257F9A954FFD7AC8F7BA0557480AB" box="[744,798,1502,1526]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, dorsal view. Paratype. Abbreviations: Ce, cercus; dGcdp, dorsal gonocoxite distal projection; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; T9, tergite 9; Tg, tegmen; vGcdp, ventral gonocoxite distal projection.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="EEBF651BA954FFD7AEA1781D527483FE" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A954FFD7AEA1781D527483FE" blockId="8.[151,1437,1635,2035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AEA1781D57D08320" bold="true" box="[198,442,1635,1661]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="791E8832A954FFD7AFA7781D545B8320" box="[448,561,1635,1661]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. 3,
<collectingCountry id="DEB27600A954FFD7AC07781D54D38320" box="[608,697,1635,1661]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">CHILE</collectingCountry>
, Chiloé, Dalcahue,
<geoCoordinate id="C3915057A954FFD7ADFA781D52578320" box="[925,1085,1635,1661]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-42.379303">42°2245.5”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="C3915057A954FFD7AA23781D529A8320" box="[1092,1264,1635,1661]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="-73.64725">73°3850.1”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="D21B1050A954FFD7AA9C781D53398320" box="[1275,1363,1635,1661]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" value="1968-04">iv.1968</date>
(L. E. Peña col.).
<typeStatus id="791E8832A954FFD7AF7C78F757FB83FE" box="[283,401,1673,1699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
. 12 3, same data as
<typeStatus id="791E8832A954FFD7ACE778F7548083FE" box="[640,746,1673,1699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; 1 3, idem, except
<date id="D21B1050A954FFD7ADAA78F7527083FE" box="[973,1050,1673,1699]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" value="1962-01">i.1962</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EEBF651BA954FFD6AEA178D053F687DE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A954FFD6AEA178D053F687DE" blockId="8.[151,1437,1635,2035]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,909]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AEA178D0546A8395" bold="true" box="[198,512,1710,1736]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Description. Male. Head.</emphasis>
Vertex brownish, setose; three ocelli present, in a triangular arrangement, the lateral large, near eye margin, the middle one small; occiput brown; eyes setose. Scape and pedicel rounded, yellow, with distal setae, pedicel larger than scape; 14 flagellomeres brownish, with scattered setae, with no distal neck, flagellomeres in contact with each other, the first very long, approximately twice the length of the other ones. Front and clypeus yellow, setose; labella yellow, setose; four palpomeres increasing in length to apex, yellow, setose; palpomeres one and two rounded and small, three and four long.
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AAE67916528F82DF" bold="true" box="[1153,1253,1896,1922]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Thorax.</emphasis>
Thorax yellow. Pronotum setose. Scutum highly arched, setose; scutellum yellow, setose, with two long central bristles. Pleural membrane yellow. Mediotergite setose lateraly. Laterotergite nude. Halter with a yellow pedicel and a brown knob, setose.
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A954FFD7AFF779A657B982AF" bold="true" box="[400,467,2008,2034]" pageId="8" pageNumber="30">Legs.</emphasis>
Legs yellow, long and slenders; tarsomere one anterior approximately twice the length of the tibiae. Tibial spurs 1:2:2, approximately as long as the tibial width at apex.
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AAB97EE9534585EC" bold="true" box="[1246,1327,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Wings</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="3E9E2A15A955FFD6AB267EE653E785EF" box="[1345,1421,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 4" captionStartId="2.[151,272,1915,1939]" captionTargetBox="[200,1394,196,1889]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[191,1397,194,1894]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 4. Wings of Phthinia. 1. P. t h ere s a e, sp. n. Holotype. 2. P. urubici, sp. n. Paratype. 3. P. freemani, sp. n. Paratype. 4. P. parafurcata, sp. n. Paratype. Scale: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193433/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Length, 3.0 mm. Width, 1.1 mm. Membrane hyaline, densely covered with macrotrichia, microtrichia also present. C extending about a third of the distance between R5 and M1, ending at wing apex; Sc complete, reaching C just basal to origin of Rs; sc-r present, basal; R1 long, reaching C at about distal fifth of wing; first sector of Rs oblique, about half the length of r-m; r-m shorter than M1+2; medial fork complete, M1 sinuous apically, slightly depressed before apex; cubital fork complete, M4 originating opposite to fork of M1+2, about a third of length of first sector of CuA; apex of CuA strongly arched towards base; A1 ending far from wing margin, before origin of M4, running quite apart from first sector of CuA.
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AA7D7FD552F48498" bold="true" box="[1050,1182,427,453]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Abdomen brownish, setose, long and slender.
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AFA87FAD543684B0" bold="true" box="[463,604,467,493]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Terminalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="3E9E2A15A955FFD6AC167FAA54D784B3" box="[625,701,468,494]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="8.[151,256,1502,1526]" captionTargetBox="[182,1404,456,1480]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[182,1404,456,1481]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 8. Male terminalia of Phthinia parafurcata, sp. n., dorsal view. Paratype. Abbreviations: Ce, cercus; dGcdp, dorsal gonocoxite distal projection; Gc, gonocoxite; Gs, gonostylus; T 9, tergite 9; Tg, tegmen; vGcdp, ventral gonocoxite distal projection." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193437/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Terminalia yellow. Distal margin of syngonocoxite short; gonocoxite with a mesal constriction, a ventral distal projection curved inwards, not extending distally to the apex of the gonostyle, besides a dorsal, blade-like projection also curved inwards; gonostyle digitiform, with two slender spine-like setae; tegmen rectangular, translucent distally; aedeagus not strongly sclerotized; tergite 9 with a pair of long distal projections laterally, mesally connected; cercus bilobed.
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AADF7C17537087DE" bold="true" box="[1208,1306,617,643]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EEBF651BA955FFD6AEA17CF056B38793" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A955FFD6AEA17CF056B38793" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AEA17CF0573987F5" bold="true" box="[198,339,654,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Etymology.</emphasis>
Feminine. This species was named considering its similarity to
<taxonomicName id="61A54D13A955FFD6AA067CF156BF8793" authority="Freeman, 1951" authorityName="Freeman" authorityYear="1951" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phthinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="furcata">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AA067CF1534E87F5" box="[1121,1316,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Phthinia furcata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C2344B61A955FFD6AB497CF156BF8793" author="Freeman" pageId="9" pageNumber="34" refString="Freeman, P. (1951) Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile based mainly on material in the British Museum (Natural History). Part III-Mycetophilidae. London, Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). vii &amp; 138 pp." type="book" year="1951">Freeman, 1951</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EEBF651BA955FFD6AEA17CA7535386D4" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A61A3690A955FFD6AEA17CA7535386D4" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AEA17CA7573E87AE" bold="true" box="[198,340,729,755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">Comments.</emphasis>
This species seems to be close to
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AC9D7CA7550387AF" box="[762,873,729,754]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">P. f u rc a t a</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="61A54D13A955FFD6ADCC7CA7525B87AF" box="[939,1073,729,754]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phthinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freemani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6ADCC7CA7525B87AF" box="[939,1073,729,754]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">P. freemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AA247CA752ED87AE" bold="true" box="[1091,1159,729,755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FE257F9A955FFD6AA247CA752ED87AE" box="[1091,1159,729,755]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, as can be seen by the ventral digitiform distal projection of the gonocoxite. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="61A54D13A955FFD6AA627C8152F98645" box="[1029,1171,767,792]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phthinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freemani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AA627C8152F98645" box="[1029,1171,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">P. freemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AAC27C8052878645" bold="true" box="[1189,1261,766,792]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FE257F9A955FFD6AAC27C8052878645" box="[1189,1261,766,792]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in bearing an additional dorsal, blade-like projection of the gonocoxite and by the long distal lateral projections of the tergite 9, which seem to be present in
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AC287D3754D1863F" box="[591,699,841,866]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">P. f u rc a t a</emphasis>
, but are much shorter. The wing of this species has r-m shorter than in
<taxonomicName id="61A54D13A955FFD6AE887D11571986D5" box="[239,371,879,904]" class="Insecta" family="Mycetophilidae" genus="Phthinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="freemani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AE887D11571986D5" box="[239,371,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">P. freemani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="94D1EA82A955FFD6AF1D7D1057DF86D5" bold="true" box="[378,437,878,904]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FE257F9A955FFD6AF1D7D1057DF86D5" box="[378,437,878,904]" pageId="9" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and has A1 more distant from CuA along its course than most other species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>