173 lines
21 KiB
XML
173 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="85F1AC5E4F284803D1D03DD8BE349DE8" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4804.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3927094" ID-ZooBank="8C1C1703-9BBC-4B33-8045-78BDD9738F51" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1593672611012" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Westrop, Madison Armstrong Stephen R. & Eoff, Jennifer D." docDate="2020" docId="03F76D37FFBFFFD96BD2E36BFED39799" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4804.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4804 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Blountia nevadensis Westrop & Eoff 2020, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFCE154FFFAFFFC86B45E438FF8E9206" masterDocTitle="Systematics of a survivor: the Cambrian kingstoniid trilobite Blountia Walcott, 1916 across the Marjuman-Steptoean (Guzhangian-Paibian) extinction interval in Laurentian North America" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698776919363" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2B7D2BC81BD2F9CC0C7C383DB24E14D1">Systematics of a survivor: the Cambrian kingstoniid trilobite Blountia Walcott, 1916 across the Marjuman-Steptoean (Guzhangian-Paibian) extinction interval in Laurentian North America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B19E1AE949FDD9CEDC7C7EE749A1B236">Westrop, Madison Armstrong Stephen R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="62DC6F4A6D351059470340182F942303">Eoff, Jennifer D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0BC9EFABB7572381FAD7CE23311916FE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1D48C04F4D74721E8E4BD4215112458B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B99679E566460A1891F1E8EE5F4A1146">
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<mods:date id="61EDB75F6B14491DD11AFBB0F7BB7C21">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="81AA2C9055CFC0AA6053FCAA190E105B">2020-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="CC86E1BB462FF27C4201736F91757B64" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9BA4F2E115AD913CFD3A3031966F1293">4804</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="6DBA238B06B08D0779E9C9B94E400D57">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="58EEEE09D2A90CFFB45D229846785D25" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4804.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E993378323922E00A01838EB4BCCCC17" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="823ADD5464DF815259EE13D1C8E9CAED" type="Zenodo-Dep">3927094</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F76D37FFBFFFD96BD2E36BFED39799" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F76D37FFBFFFD96BD2E36BFED39799" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F76D37FFBFFFD96BD2E36BFED39799" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C3448FAAFFBFFFD86BD2E36BFE499568" box="[151,455,1875,1902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBFFFD86BD2E36BFE499568" blockId="16.[151,455,1875,1938]" box="[151,455,1875,1902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0A96B4DFFBFFFD86BD2E36BFE499568" bold="true" box="[151,455,1875,1902]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBFFFD86BD2E36BFE499568" bold="true" box="[151,455,1875,1902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBFFFD86BD2E36BFE0F9568" authority="Westrop & Eoff, 2020" authorityName="Westrop & Eoff" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,385,1875,1902]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBFFFD86BD2E36BFE0F9568" bold="true" box="[151,385,1875,1902]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Blountia nevadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A219BD48FFBFFFD86ACDE36CFE499568" box="[392,455,1876,1902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3448FAAFFBFFFD86BD2E340FCB795D2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBFFFD86BD2E340FF7C9594" blockId="16.[151,455,1875,1938]" box="[151,242,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<figureCitation id="1365C0A4FFBFFFD86BD2E340FF7C9594" box="[151,242,1912,1938]" captionStart="PLATE 16" captionStartId="56.[151,234,1839,1864]" captionText="PLATE 16. Blountia nevadensis n. sp., Mendha Formation, Highland Range, Lincoln County, Nevada (USGS loc. 2432-CO). 1–3. Cranidium, holotype, USNM 141505, anterior, dorsal and lateral views, x12.5 (illustrated by Palmer 1965, pl. 1, fig. 2 as B. bristolensis Resser). 4, 5. Librigena, paratype, USNM 141504, dorsal and lateral views, x15 (illustrated by Palmer 1965, pl. 1, fig. 1 as B. bristolensis Resser). 6, 7. Pygidium, paratype, USNM 141506, dorsal and anterior views, x13.5 (illustrated previously by Palmer 1965, pl. 1, fig. 1 as B. bristolensis Resser). 8. Cranidium, USNM 141506, dorsal view, x17 (previously unillustrated; on same piece of rock as paratype USNM 141506). 9. Cranidium, USNM 141506, dorsal view, x11 (previously unillustrated; on same piece of rock as paratype USNM 141506)." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Plate 16</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBFFFD86BD2E384FCB795D2" blockId="16.[151,825,1980,2005]" box="[151,825,1980,2005]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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1965
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<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBFFFD86B95E384FE7E95D2" authority="Resser" authorityName="Resser" authorityYear="1938" box="[208,496,1980,2004]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bristolensis">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBFFFD86B95E384FE2D95D2" box="[208,419,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Blountia bristolensis</emphasis>
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Resser
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</taxonomicName>
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; Palmer, p. 29, pl. 1, figs 1, 2, 4.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3448FAAFFBEFFD96BD2E4A0FBB693A9" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96BD2E4A0FDA5938D" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96BD2E4A0FE9C92B5" bold="true" box="[151,274,152,179]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Frontal area long, occupying 31% cranidial length, with gentle change in slope between preglabellar field and anterior border; faint anterior border furrow. Nasute anterior border expands medially. Preglabellar field equal to about half length (sag.) of border. Fixed cheeks equal one-third cranidial width with long (exsag.) posterolateral projections curved backward abaxially. Pygidium semielliptical in outline with length 70% (68–73) of maximum width; posterior border accounts for 18% (17–19) of total length. Border furrow shallow but clearly defined. Axial furrows become indistinct towards tip of axis. Axial rings inflated abaxially into low knobs on both external surface and internal mould.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E5ADFBB693A9" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" box="[199,1080,405,431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96B82E5ADFE9A93A9" bold="true" box="[199,276,405,431]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Name.</emphasis>
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For the occurrence of this species in the Mendha Formation in
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<collectingRegion id="499A12C3FFBEFFD9689EE5ADFBBA93A9" box="[987,1076,405,431]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3448FAAFFBEFFD96B82E580FB6C9039" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E580FC6B901D" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96B82E580FEB893D5" bold="true" box="[199,310,440,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B36D67CFFBEFFD96A79E581FC6B901D" collectionCode="USNM" location="Highland Range" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" specimenCode="USNM 141505, USNM 141504, USNM 141506, 141506" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Nevada" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54E56283FFBEFFD96A79E581FE2A93D5" box="[316,420,441,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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cranidium (
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<specimenCode id="DBF8745AFFBEFFD9696FE581FD5793D5" box="[554,729,440,467]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">USNM 141505</specimenCode>
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; Pl. 16, figs 1–3), one
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<typeStatus id="54E56283FFBEFFD96894E581FBBF93D5" box="[977,1073,441,467]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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cranidium (
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<specimenCode id="DBF8745AFFBEFFD96FF3E581FAE893D5" box="[1206,1382,440,467]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">USNM 141505</specimenCode>
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b, Pl. 16, fig. 8), one
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<typeStatus id="54E56283FFBEFFD96A02E5E5FE2993F1" box="[327,423,477,503]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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free cheek (
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<specimenCode id="DBF8745AFFBEFFD96971E5E5FD6B93F1" box="[564,741,476,503]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">USNM 141504</specimenCode>
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, Pl. 16, figs 4, 5), and two
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<typeStatus id="54E56283FFBEFFD96F5EE5E5FBF593F1" box="[1051,1147,477,503]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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pygidia (
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<specimenCode id="DBF8745AFFBEFFD96FA3E5E5FA1693F1" box="[1254,1432,476,503]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">USNM 141506</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBF8745AFFBEFFD96BD2E638FF60901D" box="[151,238,512,539]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="Museum">141506</specimenCode>
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b, Pl. 16, figs 6, 7, 9) from
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<location id="8E818AFAFFBEFFD9695EE639FD5B901D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F76D37FFBFFFD96BD2E36BFED39799:8E818AFAFFBEFFD9695EE639FD5B901D" box="[539,725,513,539]" name="Highland Range" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" stateProvince="Nevada">Highland Range</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="499A12C3FFBEFFD969A5E639FCB8901D" box="[736,822,513,539]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCFA1D0FFBEFFD96801E639FC56901D" author="Palmer, A. R." box="[836,984,512,539]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref23721" refString="Palmer, A. R. (1965) Trilobites of the Late Cambrian Pterocephaliid Biomere in the Great Basin, United States. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 463, 1 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.3133 / pp 493" type="journal article" year="1965">Palmer 1965</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E61CFB6C9039" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" box="[199,1250,548,575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96B82E61CFED49039" bold="true" box="[199,346,548,575]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Occurrence.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBEFFD96A24E61DFD4D9039" authority="Zone, House Range" authorityName="Zone, House Range" box="[353,707,549,575]" class="Trilobita" family="Aphelaspididae" genus="Aphelaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Asaphida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96A24E61DFE529039" box="[353,476,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aphelaspis</emphasis>
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Zone, House Range
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="499A12C3FFBEFFD9698BE61DFC869039" box="[718,776,549,575]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Utah</collectingRegion>
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; Highland Range and Yucca Flat,
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<collectingRegion id="499A12C3FFBEFFD96FC1E61DFB539039" box="[1156,1245,549,575]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3448FAAFFBEFFD96B82E670FB4A96ED" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E670FAA791CD" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96B82E670FED99065" bold="true" box="[199,343,584,611]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Description.</emphasis>
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Cranidium roughly triangular in outline with nasute anterior margin; width at palpebral lobes equals 80% sagittal length. Frontal area long, about one-third (31%) cranidial length; preglabellar and preocular fields even in length. Anterior border nasute, with maximum width medially and decreasing (exsag.) abaxially, occupying 59% of frontal area length (possibly even shorter in the incomplete
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<typeStatus id="54E56283FFBEFFD96853E68DFCF890C9" box="[790,886,693,719]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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, Pl. 16, fig. 8). Preglabellar field gently down sloping with gradual change into flat anterior border; weakly expressed anterior border furrow. Strongly convex glabella subtrapezoidal in outline with broadly rounded front; at mid-point, glabellar width equals 70% of length. Occipital furrow faint and curved gently backward, LO gently curved, even in length across glabella; accounts for 8% (7–8) of glabellar length (sag.). Fixed cheeks wide, combined width 40% (40–41) of cranidial width at palpebral lobes. Palpebral lobes slightly curved and oblique, equal to 11% maximum cranidial length. Facial sutures in front of palpebral lobes diverge slightly outward then curve towards anterior margin. Posterolateral projections curve sharply backwards and taper to a point. Posterior border furrow shallow and disappears distally; posterior border expands abaxially.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E7EDFC239631" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Free cheek narrow, extending into short, pointed genal spine. Shallow lateral border furrow separates narrow (tr.; exsag.), roughly triangular librigenal field from broad (tr.), convex lateral border. Eye small, globular; ocular suture absent. Conspicuous terrace ridges on margins of lateral border.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E079FB4A96ED" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pygidium semielliptical in outline, length (sag.) 70% (68–73) of maximum width. Axis convex, raised above pleural field, occupies about one-third (32%; 31–33) of pygidial width at anterior.Axial furrows moderately incised, become faint at terminus of axis. Abaxially, axial rings gently inflated into low knobs. Posterior border 18% (17–19) of pygidial length (sag.), narrows slightly abaxially. Border furrow shallow becoming indistinct towards axis. Pleural field smooth, no trace of pleural furrows on exoskeleton; raised above down-sloping border.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3448FAAFFBEFFD96B82E0CCFED39799" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE1DC21FFBEFFD96B82E0CCFED39799" blockId="17.[151,1437,152,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96B82E0CCFEC29709" bold="true" box="[199,332,1268,1295]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion.</emphasis>
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As discussed above, sclerites from the Mendha Formation,
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<collectingRegion id="499A12C3FFBEFFD968B4E0CDFBC79709" box="[1009,1097,1269,1295]" country="United States of America" name="Nevada" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Nevada</collectingRegion>
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, that
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCFA1D0FFBEFFD96FC2E0CDFAA79709" author="Palmer, A. R." box="[1159,1321,1268,1295]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref23721" refString="Palmer, A. R. (1965) Trilobites of the Late Cambrian Pterocephaliid Biomere in the Great Basin, United States. U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 463, 1 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.3133 / pp 493" type="journal article" year="1965">Palmer (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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identified as
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<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBEFFD96BF2E121FE2E9735" authorityName="Resser" authorityYear="1938" box="[183,416,1305,1331]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bristolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96BF2E121FE2E9735" box="[183,416,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Blountia bristolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represent a new species. The medially expanded, nasute anterior border on the cranidium clearly separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBEFFD96A1CE106FE7D9751" authorityName="Westrop & Eoff" authorityYear="2020" box="[345,499,1341,1367]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nevadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96A1CE106FEE49751" box="[345,362,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96A3DE105FE7D9751" box="[376,499,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">nevadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBEFFD9697DE106FD579751" authorityName="Resser" authorityYear="1938" box="[568,729,1341,1367]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bristolensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD9697DE106FDC79751" box="[568,585,1342,1367]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD9691DE105FD579751" box="[600,729,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">bristolensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g., Pl. 2) and almost all other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBEFFD96F87E105FAAC9751" authorityName="Walcott" authorityYear="1916" box="[1218,1314,1341,1367]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96F87E105FAAC9751" box="[1218,1314,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Blountia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Comparisons with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5EA7A2FFBEFFD96A4EE15AFE42977D" authority="Rasetti" authorityName="Rasetti" authorityYear="1946" box="[267,460,1377,1403]" class="Trilobita" family="Kingstoniidae" genus="Blountia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92A0033FFBEFFD96A4EE15AFEF8977D" box="[267,374,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">B. nasuta</emphasis>
|
||
Rasetti
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pl. 12), the only other species with a similar, nasute anterior border, are presented in earlier in the text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |