365 lines
27 KiB
XML
365 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623" ID-PMC="PMC5742233" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-91-85" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CE68FF91A3344649FFD1FFF24832FB58" ID-PubMed="29308040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138453" ModsDocID="1314-2003-91-85" checkinTime="1513363303049" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Johnson, Melissa A." docDate="2017" docId="03A3F8DF53FD5BCFBE58014BED49BCD4" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 91: 85-104" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 91" docPubDate="2017-12-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623" docTitle="Cyrtandra waisaliensis M. A. Johnson 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="CE68FF91A3344649FFD1FFF24832FB58" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="CE68FF91A3344649FFD1FFF24832FB58" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the South Pacific islands of Fiji" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1668142167310" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Four new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from the South Pacific islands of Fiji</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, Melissa A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont Graduate University, 1500 N. College Ave., Claremont, CA 91711, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">melissa.johnson@cgu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-12-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>91</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>85</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-91-85</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CE68FF91A3344649FFD1FFF24832FB58</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1138453</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" type="multiple">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3F8DF53FD5BCFBE58014BED49BCD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3F8DF53FD5BCFBE58014BED49BCD4" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="95">
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<taxonomicName LSID="03A3F8DF-53FD-5BCF-BE58-014BED49BCD4" authority="M. A. Johnson" authorityName="M. A. Johnson" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra waisaliensis" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="95" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waisaliensis" status="sp. nov.">Cyrtandra waisaliensis M.A.Johnson</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="95">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Cyrtandra waisaliensis M. A. Johnson. A Habit B Cauliflorous inflorescence C Corolla, anterior view D Corolla, longitudinal section E Gynoecium F Calyx, longitudinal section and young fruit. Drawn from Johnson 48 (RSA), Johnson 50 (SUVA, RSA), and field images." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174663" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">Figs 10</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Cyrtandra waisaliensis M. A. Johnson. A Corolla, anterior view B Flower, lateral view C Cauliflorous cyme inflorescence D Shrub habit E Rainforest understory habitat. All photos from the type collection, taken in the field by M. Johnson." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174664" pageId="10" pageNumber="95">, 11</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="96" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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The new species is closely related to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Cyrtandra longifructosa M. A. Johnson and closest relative (C. dolichocarpa) based on molecular phylogeny by Johnson et al. (2017). A C. longifructosa corolla, anterior view B C. longifructosa flower, lateral view C C. longifructosa elongate cylindrical fruits D C. longifructosa axillary inflorescence and young fruits E C. longifructosa shrub habit F C. dolichocarpa corolla, anterior view G C. dolichocarpa flower, lateral view H C. dolichocarpa shrub habit. All photos taken in the field by M. Johnson, with photos of C. longifructosa taken from the type collection." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174661" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">8</figureCitation>
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), but differs in its dense bristly pubescence on the young stems, leaves, petioles, and inflorescences (vs. moderate appressed pubescence on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; vs. glabrous on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), cauliflorous inflorescences (vs. axillary inflorescences in both
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), persistent foliaceous ovate white bracts to 10 mm long (vs. non-foliaceous green bracts to 5 mm long in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; vs. deciduous non-foliaceous lanceolate green bracts to 8 mm long in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), and multiple persistent foliaceous white bracteoles (vs. single deciduous non-foliaceous green bracteoles in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; vs. bracteoles absent in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138457" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174663" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Figure 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. A. Johnson" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra waisaliensis" order="Lamiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Cyrtandra waisaliensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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M.A.Johnson.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
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Habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">B</emphasis>
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Cauliflorous inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C</emphasis>
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Corolla, anterior view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">D</emphasis>
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Corolla, longitudinal section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">E</emphasis>
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Gynoecium
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">F</emphasis>
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Calyx, longitudinal section and young fruit. Drawn from Johnson 48 (RSA), Johnson 50 (SUVA, RSA), and field images.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138459" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174664" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Figure 11.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. A. Johnson" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra waisaliensis" order="Lamiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Cyrtandra waisaliensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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M.A.Johnson.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">A</emphasis>
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Corolla, anterior view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">B</emphasis>
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Flower, lateral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">C</emphasis>
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Cauliflorous cyme inflorescence
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">D</emphasis>
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Shrub habit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">E</emphasis>
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Rainforest understory habitat. All photos from the type collection, taken in the field by M. Johnson.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="96" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-07" collectorName="M. A. Johnson, G. J. Hora" country="FIJI" county="Savuqoro Creek" elevation="338" latitude="-16.639833" location="Vanua Levu" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="179.22084" municipality="Waisali Forest Reserve" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Fiji">FIJI</collectingCountry>
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.
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3F8DF53FD5BCFBE58014BED49BCD4:2A56DDE7131A5C7D8F69260D70553FC5" country="FIJI" county="Savuqoro Creek" latitude="-16.639833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="179.22084" municipality="Waisali Forest Reserve" name="Vanua Levu">Vanua Levu</location>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality>Waisali Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
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along the lower portion of the
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<collectingCounty>Savuqoro Creek</collectingCounty>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="38.39" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-16.639833">16°38.39'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="179" direction="east" minutes="13.25" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="179.22084">179°13.25'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" unit="m" value="338.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38" unit="m" value="338.0">338 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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elev.,
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<collectingDate value="2014-07-07">07 July 2014</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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<collectorName>M.A. Johnson</collectorName>
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50
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</emphasis>
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with
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<collectorName>G.J. Hora</collectorName>
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(
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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: SUVA; isotype:
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</materialsCitation>
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<collectingCountry name="South Africa">RSA</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="11" pageNumber="96" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">
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Shrub 0.7-2.6 m tall;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">stems</emphasis>
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few- to many-branched, young stems covered in hirsute trichomes.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">Leaves</emphasis>
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opposite, those at a node unequal, internodes 2-8 cm long, blades ovate to obovate, 13-24 cm long, 6-12 cm wide, upper and lower surfaces densely hirsute with uniseriate multicellular trichomes, 6-7 secondary veins on each side, margins serrate, apex acuminate, base oblique to aequilateral and attenuate to cuneate, petioles 3-11 cm long, densely hirsute, trichomes ca. 5 mm long;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="96">inflorescence</emphasis>
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of cauliflorous cymes, 2-8 flowered, cymules 1-4 flowered, densely hirsute throughout, peduncle 3-8 mm long, terminated by persistent foliaceous white bracts, ovate to lanceolate, 3-10 mm long, outer surface glabrous to glabrate, inner surface densely hirsute, pedicels
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="97" start="start">21</pageBreakToken>
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-40 mm long, subtended by multiple persistent bracteoles similar to and closely subtended by the outer bracts;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="97">calyx</emphasis>
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white, cylindrical, densely hirsute, 23-37 mm long, unequally cleft into 5 triangular lobes, 4-14 mm long, persistent;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="97">corolla</emphasis>
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white, bilabiate, tube funnelform, curved near mid point, outer surface glabrous to glabrate, inner surface with capitate glandular trichomes near the mouth of the tube, 23-27 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, upper lobes 11-12 mm long and 8-11 mm wide, lower lobe 13-17 mm long and 10-15 mm wide;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="97">stamens</emphasis>
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2, 3-6 mm long, base of the filaments reddish orange, anthers
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="98" start="start">apically</pageBreakToken>
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connate, staminodes 3;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">nectary disc</emphasis>
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prominent, annular, 2 mm high;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">gynoecium</emphasis>
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(ovary, style, and stigma) 16-26 mm long, ovary glabrous, style pubescent with capitate glandular trichomes along distal ⅓ of length, stigma bilobed;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">berries</emphasis>
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ellipsoid, green when immature, enclosed by the persistent calyx, mature fruit not seen.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="98" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. A. Johnson" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra waisaliensis" order="Lamiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Cyrtandra waisaliensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known only from one population in the Waisali Forest Reserve on Vanua Levu, Fiji at 300-360 m elevation, occurring in the dense forest understory alongside a creek (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution of Cyrtandra waisaliensis and C. longifructosa on Vanua Levu, Fiji." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174662" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">9</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="98" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Flowers and immature fruits were observed in July, with fruits likely becoming mature ca. 5-6 months later (December-January).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="98" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">The new species is named after the area of Vanua Levu where it was collected, Waisali Forest Reserve.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" type="phylogenetic placement">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Phylogenetic placement.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">
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A recent phylogenetic study by
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.004" author="Johnson, MA" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="16" pageNumber="101" pagination="30 - 48" refId="B10" refString="Johnson, MA, Clark, JR, Wagner, WL, McDade, LA, 2017. A molecular phylogeny of the Pacific clade of Cyrtandra reveals a Fijian origin, recent diversification, and the importance of founder events. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 116: 30 - 48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.004" title="A molecular phylogeny of the Pacific clade of Cyrtandra reveals a Fijian origin, recent diversification, and the importance of founder events." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2017.07.004" volume="116" year="2017">Johnson et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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supported the placement of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="M. A. Johnson" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra waisaliensis" order="Lamiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">Cyrtandra waisaliensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as sister to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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(endemic to Vanua Levu) and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(endemic to Vanua Levu and Rabi; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A portion of the Maximum Likelihood phylogram from Johnson et al. (2017) based on three nuclear (ITS, ETS, Cyrt 1) and two chloroplast (psb A- trn H, rpl 32 - trn L) loci. Support values shown for each branch are bootstrap and posterior probabilities when ≥ 50 % and ≥ 0.50, respectively. An asterisk indicates 100 % BS or 1.0 PP; a dash indicates that the branch was not supported." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.91.21623.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/174657" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">4</figureCitation>
|
||
). These species all have large bilabiate corollas, and both
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have elongate cylindrical white fruits. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. waisaliensis" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">C. waisaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. hispida" pageId="13" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="98">C. hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these species share bilabiate corollas, persistent cylindrical caly
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="99" start="start">ces</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, and a dense indument of stiff uniseriate trichomes.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="M. A. Johnson" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Cyrtandra" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cyrtandra hispida" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hispida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">Cyrtandra hispida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently placed in a polytomy with
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cephalophora" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="cephalophora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. cephalophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the clade comprising
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. waisaliensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. waisaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. longifructosa" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="longifructosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. longifructosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. dolichocarpa" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="dolichocarpa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. dolichocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The key provided in the taxonomic treatment by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gillett, GW" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="15" pageNumber="100" pagination="107 - 159" refId="B5" refString="Gillett, GW, 1967. The genus Cyrtandra in Fiji. Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 37: 107 - 159" title="The genus Cyrtandra in Fiji." volume="37" year="1967">Gillett (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
would place
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. waisaliensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. waisaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in species Group 2, based on the branching cyme inflorescence and the persistent calyx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="99" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="99">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="99">
|
||
Proposed IUCN Red List Category: Critically Endangered (CR) based on an estimated area of occupancy of <10 km2 (criterion B2), known to exist at only a single location (B2a), projected decline in extent of occurrence (B2bi), area of occupancy (B2bii), and area, extent, and/or quality of habitat (B2biii). This species is only known from one locality in the central mountains of Vanua Levu, warranting additional surveys in areas of Vanua Levu with intact rainforest (e.g., Waisali, the Natewa Peninsula) to determine the full extent of occurrence and population demographics of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. waisaliensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. waisaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Regions with suitable rainforest habitat on Vanua Levu are threatened by logging, mining for bauxite and gold, invasive plant species such as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Clidemia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clidemia hirta" order="Myrtales" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="hirta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">Clidemia hirta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Koster’s">Koster's</normalizedToken>
|
||
curse; M. Johnson, pers. obs.), and tropical cyclones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="99" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="99">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-07" collectorName="M. A. Johnson, G. J. Hora" country="FIJI" county="Savuqoro Creek" elevation="355" latitude="-16.639" location="Vanua Levu" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="179.21967" municipality="Waisali Forest Reserve" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Fiji">FIJI</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3F8DF53FD5BCFBE58014BED49BCD4:5BBD1E4256A8382274EBB951B39E3AE8" country="FIJI" county="Savuqoro Creek" latitude="-16.639" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="179.21967" municipality="Waisali Forest Reserve" name="Vanua Levu">Vanua Levu</location>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality>Waisali Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
along the lower portion of the
|
||
<collectingCounty>Savuqoro Creek</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="38.34" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-16.639">16°38.34'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="179" direction="east" minutes="13.18" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="179.21967">179°13.18'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" unit="m" value="355.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" unit="m" value="355.0">355 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elev.,
|
||
<collectingDate value="2014-07-07">07 July 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<collectorName>M.A. Johnson</collectorName>
|
||
48
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with
|
||
<collectorName>G.J. Hora</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry name="South Africa">RSA</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="99" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="99">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="99">
|
||
The observed population of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. waisaliensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. waisaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was comprised of ca. 20 individuals, many of which were reproductive. A single individual appeared to be of hybrid origin, with the putative parents being
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. waisaliensis" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="waisaliensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. waisaliensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. cephalophora" pageId="14" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="cephalophora">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="99">C. cephalophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on morphological characters intermediate between these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |