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<document id="85C6F43CEA3A43A51AFAE7FF0067AFAC" ID-CLB-Dataset="32506" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4304.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b9bd2c4-7dee-46a3-a36d-80077b88a78b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="842289" ID-ZooBank="3D557C94-0783-4C39-80C3-9C321DA94800" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502687522877" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moore, Kirrily M., Alderslade, Philip &amp; Miller, Karen J." docDate="2017" docId="039B87ED3EC2FF3EFF4BE2FD78A1DB7F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4304.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4304 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Victorgorgia alba Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller 2017, new combination" docType="treatment" docUuid="3369B244-0E1F-4B6A-AB5D-9FC08F965917" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="143" masterDocId="FFA2FF953E41FFB0FFDCE4287D2BDE2A" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with the addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="132" updateTime="1698466576984" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FE1259955EEE1FD4ACDC79B97152976A">A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with the addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data</mods:title>
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<heading id="D0C581973EC2FF33FF4BE2FD7E27D8C5" bold="true" box="[151,780,1749,1775]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FF4BE2FD7F05D8C5" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,558,1749,1775]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FF4BE2FD7C42D8C5" bold="true" box="[151,361,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Victorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC2FF33FEA5E2FD7F0ED8C5" author="Nutting" box="[377,549,1749,1775]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC2FF33FDE9E2FD7E27D8C5" box="[565,780,1749,1775]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC2FF33FF43E2D07C69D93A" box="[159,322,1784,1809]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 100" captionStart-1="FIGURE 101" captionStart-2="FIGURE 102" captionStart-3="FIGURE 103" captionStart-4="FIGURE 104" captionStart-5="FIGURE 105" captionStart-6="FIGURE 106" captionStart-7="FIGURE 107" captionStart-8="FIGURE 108" captionStart-9="FIGURE 109" captionStartId-0="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionStartId-1="133.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionStartId-2="134.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionStartId-3="135.[151,250,1263,1285]" captionStartId-4="136.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionStartId-5="137.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionStartId-6="138.[151,250,833,855]" captionStartId-7="139.[151,250,1756,1778]" captionStartId-8="140.[151,250,1985,2007]" captionStartId-9="141.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetBox-1="[233,1355,194,1980]" captionTargetBox-2="[208,1379,219,1920]" captionTargetBox-3="[177,1363,194,1229]" captionTargetBox-4="[239,1343,193,1936]" captionTargetBox-5="[159,1435,193,1982]" captionTargetBox-6="[157,1430,193,799]" captionTargetBox-7="[169,1417,337,1727]" captionTargetBox-8="[180,1402,337,1957]" captionTargetBox-9="[180,1393,193,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetId-1="figure@133.[223,1363,193,1989]" captionTargetId-2="figure@134.[191,1389,193,1933]" captionTargetId-3="figure@135.[172,1379,193,1237]" captionTargetId-4="figure@136.[229,1351,193,1944]" captionTargetId-5="figure@137.[151,1435,193,1989]" captionTargetId-6="figure@138.[151,1435,193,812]" captionTargetId-7="figure@139.[156,1430,337,1734]" captionTargetId-8="figure@140.[151,1435,337,1964]" captionTargetId-9="figure@141.[179,1402,193,1946]" captionTargetPageId-0="132" captionTargetPageId-1="133" captionTargetPageId-2="134" captionTargetPageId-3="135" captionTargetPageId-4="136" captionTargetPageId-5="137" captionTargetPageId-6="138" captionTargetPageId-7="139" captionTargetPageId-8="140" captionTargetPageId-9="141" captionText-0="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." captionText-1="FIGURE 101. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Cross-section of medulla; B. Polyp head." captionText-2="FIGURE 102. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Collaret and point (a. simple sticks and spindles; b. large clubs with extended tips)." captionText-3="FIGURE 103. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: Bulky point sclerites." captionText-4="FIGURE 104. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Tentacles folded over polyp head; B. Pinnule, tentacular and point sclerites in situ." captionText-5="FIGURE 105. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Tentacle rachis." captionText-6="FIGURE 106. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Pinnule (a. poorly developed josephinae clubs)." captionText-7="FIGURE 107. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Calyx (a. small, smooth spindles)." captionText-8="FIGURE 108. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Cortex (a. mostly smooth spindles)." captionText-9="FIGURE 109. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Medulla." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/842491/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/842493/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/842495/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/842497/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/842499/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/842501/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/842503/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/842505/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/842507/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Figs. 100–109</figureCitation>
)
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FF4BE3687F2FD97C" ID-CoL="85NV5" authority="Nutting, 1908: 582" authorityName="Nutting" authorityPageNumber="582" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,516,1856,1878]" class="Anthozoa" family="Victorgorgiidae" genus="Clematissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FF4BE3687C10D97C" box="[151,315,1856,1878]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Clematissa alba</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A9310EA3EC2FF33FE9DE3687F2FD97C" author="Nutting" box="[321,516,1856,1878]" page="582" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" year="1908">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC2FF33FE9DE3687CFAD97C" author="Nutting" box="[321,465,1856,1878]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
: 582
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, Pl. XLIV 
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC2FF33FDAEE3687F84D97C" box="[626,687,1856,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1990,2012]" captionTargetBox="[171,1413,193,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[171,1413,193,1970]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anthothela grandiflora (Sars, 1856), holotype: A. Holotype fragments; B. Polyps and branches." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842297/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
, XLVIII 
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC2FF33FCD7E3687E63D97C" box="[779,840,1856,1878]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1990,2012]" captionTargetBox="[171,1413,193,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[171,1413,193,1970]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 4. Anthothela grandiflora (Sars, 1856), holotype: A. Holotype fragments; B. Polyps and branches." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842297/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FF4BE3777CCFD95F" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,484,1887,1909]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Muriceides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FF4BE3777C17D95F" box="[151,316,1887,1909]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Muriceides alba</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC2FF33FE95E3777CF7D95F" author="Nutting" box="[329,476,1887,1909]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
: 
<treatmentCitation id="0A9310EA3EC2FF33FE31E3777FEDD95F" author="Kukenthal" box="[493,710,1887,1909]" page="166" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" year="1924">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC2FF33FE31E3777FBFD95F" author="Kukenthal" box="[493,660,1887,1909]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Coelenterata, Gorgonaria Das Tierreich, 47, 1 - 478." type="journal article" year="1924">Kükenthal 1924</bibRefCitation>
: 166
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.
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FF4BE3557C70D9BE" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,347,1917,1940]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuttingi" status="nom. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FF4BE3557C70D9BE" box="[151,347,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Anthothela nuttingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC2FF33FEBDE3567CE1D9B9" box="[353,458,1918,1939]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: Bayer, 1956: 86, 
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC2FF33FD5DE3557FEDD9B9" box="[641,710,1917,1939]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1002,1024]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,193,972]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1435,193,981]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Anthothela grandiflora (Sars, 1856), holotype: A. Pharyngeal sclerites; B. In situ arrangement of pharyngeal sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842307/files/figure.png" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Figs. 9</figureCitation>
a–e.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC2FF34FF4BE39379BADBB2" blockId="131.[151,1081,1979,2001]" lastBlockId="132.[151,1437,1368,2008]" lastPageId="132" lastPageNumber="133" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">
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<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3EC2FF33FF4BE3937DE0D9FB" box="[151,203,1979,2001]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13781" name="Nottingham City Natural History Museum" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">NOT</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FF0DE3937C58D9FB" baseAuthorityName="Grieg" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[209,371,1979,2001]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FF0DE3937C58D9FB" box="[209,371,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Anthothela alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FE5EE3937F8DD9FB" authority="Grieg, 1887" authorityName="Grieg" authorityYear="1887" box="[386,678,1979,2001]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FE5EE3937F0DD9FB" box="[386,550,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Rhizoxenia alba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC2FF33FDF0E3937F8DD9FB" author="Grieg" box="[556,678,1979,2001]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1887) To nye cornularier fra den norske kyst. Bergens Museum Aarsberetning, 2, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1887">Grieg, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
= 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC2FF33FD1CE3937E4AD9FB" baseAuthorityName="Grieg" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[704,865,1979,2001]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC2FF33FD1CE3937E4AD9FB" box="[704,865,1979,2001]" italics="true" pageId="131" pageNumber="132">Clavularia alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC2FF33FCABE393793CD9FB" author="Molander" box="[887,1047,1979,2001]" pageId="131" pageNumber="132" refString="Molander, A. R. (1929) Die Octactiniarien. Further Zoological Results of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901 - 1903, 2 (2), 1 - 86." type="journal article" year="1929">Molander 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 18 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FF4BE1707FE2DB5B" bold="true" box="[151,713,1368,1393]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
Material examined. 
<typeStatus id="548988593EC5FF34FE4AE1707F2CDB5B" box="[406,519,1368,1393]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 
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</specimenCode>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="8EED60203EC5FF34FD04E1707E58DB5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87ED3EC2FF3EFF4BE2FD78A1DB7F:8EED60203EC5FF34FD04E1707E58DB5B" box="[728,883,1368,1393]" county="Bird Island" latitude="23.08" longLatPrecision="754" longitude="-161.87" municipality="Albatross'" name="Nihoa Island" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Nihoa Island</location>
, 
<collectorName id="26C7532D3EC5FF34FC5AE170793ADB5A" box="[902,1041,1368,1393]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Hawaii, RV</collectorName>
‘ 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE9AC813EC5FF34FBF5E17079B6DB5B" box="[1065,1181,1368,1393]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FBF5E17079B6DB5B" box="[1065,1181,1368,1393]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Albatross’</emphasis>
</collectingMunicipality>
, stn. 4157, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE06503C3EC5FF34FAEAE17178BCDB5B" box="[1334,1431,1369,1393]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" precision="555" value="23.08">23.08°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE06503C3EC5FF34FF4BE1577C21DBB2" box="[151,266,1407,1432]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" precision="555" value="-161.87">161.87°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth 
<elevation id="001FD1C83EC5FF34FE86E1577CDCDBBD" box="[346,503,1407,1431]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6115" metricValueMax="1.829" metricValueMin="1.394" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1611.5" valueMax="1829.0" valueMin="1394.0">
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC5FF34FE86E1577CDCDBBD" box="[346,503,1407,1431]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6115" metricValueMax="1.829" metricValueMin="1.394" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="m" value="1611.5" valueMax="1829.0" valueMin="1394.0">1394–1829 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, 
<collectingDate id="EFC8E9D33EC5FF34FDDFE1577F9FDBBD" box="[515,692,1403,1432]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1902-08-06">
<date id="FF8C103B3EC5FF34FDDFE1577F9FDBBD" box="[515,692,1403,1432]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" value="1902-08-06">6th August 1902</date>
</collectingDate>
(“off 
<collectingCounty id="62EC4E773EC5FF34FD2BE1577E5CDBB2" box="[759,887,1407,1432]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Bird Island</collectingCounty>
” in original description).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4D66733EC5FF34FF4BE0D47F51DB1B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" targetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" targetPageId="132">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC5FF34FF4BE0D47F51DB1B" blockId="132.[151,1436,1276,1329]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FF4BE0D47C04DB38" bold="true" box="[151,303,1276,1298]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">FIGURE 100.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC5FF34FEE5E0D57FB3DB38" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[313,664,1276,1298]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FEE5E0D57CC5DB38" box="[313,494,1276,1298]" italics="true" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FD7EE0D47E29DB38" bold="true" box="[674,770,1276,1298]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC5FF34FD7EE0D47E29DB38" box="[674,770,1276,1298]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype: A–B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A–B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32865703EC5FF3BFF1BE18B7C9CDF37" lastPageId="139" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC5FF34FF1BE18B7C70DB96" blockId="132.[151,1437,1368,2008]" box="[199,347,1443,1468]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FF1BE18B7C70DB96" bold="true" box="[199,347,1443,1468]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Description:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC5FF34FF1BE1EF7FC7D9A5" blockId="132.[151,1437,1368,2008]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FF1BE1EF7C41DBCA" bold="true" box="[199,362,1479,1504]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Colony form:</emphasis>
In the original description the whole colony is described as “incomplete, about 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC5FF34FAD5E1EF7871DBF5" box="[1289,1370,1479,1503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
high, consisting of a sinuous stem giving off two large unequal branches about 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC5FF34FC12E1C37937D829" box="[974,1052,1515,1540]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
apart” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC5FF34FBAAE1C3783BD82E" author="Nutting" box="[1142,1296,1515,1540]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting 1908</bibRefCitation>
). The height of the colony at 
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would be very small and appears to be an error on Nutting’s part as the branches are then mentioned as 
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apart. The 
<typeStatus id="548988593EC5FF34FDC4E21B7F51D866" box="[536,634,1587,1612]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is now two fragments, both of which are straight to slightly curved branches; one fragment has a single bifurcation (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC5FF34FD19E27F7E0CD845" box="[709,807,1623,1648]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
A), the other is a small piece of branch with a terminal polyp bunch (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC5FF34FEE4E2537CB7D8BE" box="[312,412,1659,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
B). In Bayer’s redescription the colony is described as “ramose; branches stout, clavate” (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3EC5FF34FF42E2B77C18D892" author="Bayer" box="[158,307,1695,1720]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1956 a) Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science, 10 (1), 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="a">Bayer 1956a</bibRefCitation>
). Bayer gives the diameter of the main stem width as 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC5FF34FC4DE2B77ECCD89D" box="[913,999,1695,1720]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
while the branches taper from 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC5FF34FA9AE2B778B6D89D" box="[1350,1437,1695,1720]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter proximally to 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC5FF34FE1BE2EB7F0AD8F1" box="[455,545,1731,1756]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
distally at their narrowest point below polyp clusters at the branch tip. Both authors describe the calyces as occurring on all sides of the branches (according to Nutting in an “irregular spiral”) and forming crowded clusters at the branch tip. Average space between calyces is not mentioned by either author, but they appear reasonably crowded right along the branch and occurring on all sides (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC5FF34FB85E3077992D96D" box="[1113,1209,1839,1864]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
A). For the purposes of this redescription, only a tiny piece of a branch with two damaged calyces and two detached polyp heads of the 
<typeStatus id="548988593EC5FF34FF4BE35F7DD2D9BA" box="[151,249,1911,1936]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
were available for examination (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC5FF34FDB7E35F7FE7D9A5" box="[619,716,1911,1936]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
C).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC5FF34FF1BE3B37968D9F2" blockId="132.[151,1437,1368,2008]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC5FF34FF1BE3B37C0FD99E" bold="true" box="[199,292,1947,1972]" pageId="132" pageNumber="133">Colour:</emphasis>
Nutting mentions the “axis, cortex and calyces are all creamy white in color (in alcohol)” but he does not mention the live colour. Bayer mentions the colour as “ivory white throughout”.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D66733EC4FF35FF4BE3F27837D9DA" box="[151,1308,2010,2032]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842491/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" targetBox="[233,1355,194,1980]" targetPageId="133">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC4FF35FF4BE3F27837D9DA" blockId="133.[151,1308,2010,2032]" box="[151,1308,2010,2032]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC4FF35FF4BE3F27C07D9DA" bold="true" box="[151,300,2010,2032]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">FIGURE 101.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC4FF35FEEEE3F37FA3D9DA" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,648,2010,2032]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC4FF35FEEEE3F37CCED9DA" box="[306,485,2010,2032]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC4FF35FD53E3F27FC0D9DA" bold="true" box="[655,747,2010,2032]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC4FF35FD53E3F27FC0D9DA" box="[655,747,2010,2032]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype: A. Cross-section of medulla; B. Polyp head.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733EC7FF36FF4BE39B7F65D9C2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842493/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" targetBox="[208,1379,219,1920]" targetPageId="134">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC7FF36FF4BE39B7F65D9C2" blockId="134.[151,1435,1971,2024]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC7FF36FF4BE39B7C1AD9E3" bold="true" box="[151,305,1971,1993]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">FIGURE 102.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC7FF36FEE0E39C7F89D9E3" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[316,674,1971,1993]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC7FF36FEE0E39C7CDFD9E3" box="[316,500,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC7FF36FD72E39B7E24D9E3" bold="true" box="[686,783,1971,1993]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC7FF36FD72E39B7E24D9E3" box="[686,783,1971,1993]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, sclerites: Collaret and point (a. simple sticks and spindles; b. large clubs with extended tips).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733EC6FF37FF4BE0C7791DDB2F" box="[151,1078,1263,1285]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842495/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" targetBox="[177,1363,194,1229]" targetPageId="135">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC6FF37FF4BE0C7791DDB2F" blockId="135.[151,1078,1263,1285]" box="[151,1078,1263,1285]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC6FF37FF4BE0C77C07DB2F" bold="true" box="[151,300,1263,1285]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">FIGURE 103.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC6FF37FEEEE0D87FA3DB2F" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,648,1263,1285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC6FF37FEEEE0D87CCEDB2F" box="[306,485,1263,1285]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC6FF37FD53E0C77FC0DB2F" bold="true" box="[655,747,1263,1285]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC6FF37FD53E0C77FC0DB2F" box="[655,747,1263,1285]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype: Bulky point sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC6FF37FF1BE1047C2BD887" blockId="135.[151,1437,1324,2033]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
Polyps and calyces: Most of the polyps are partly retracted such that the base of the polyp head sits on the lip of the calyx (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC6FF37FED2E1787C44DB43" box="[270,367,1360,1385]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
A, B). No polyps appear to be fully retracted within the calyces and neither Nutting nor Bayer mentions such an occurrence. Nutting lists the calyx as 
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high “to the top of the operculum” and 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC6FF37FAE7E15D7855DBA6" box="[1339,1406,1397,1421]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
in width at the lip of the calyx, and Bayer describes the calyces as “cylindrical and ungrooved” with no measurements. However, some calyces appear to have faint longitudinal furrows (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC6FF37FBF1E19479A4DBFF" box="[1069,1167,1468,1493]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
B). At their widest point the two polyp heads available are 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC6FF37FDC4E1C97FB4DBD2" box="[536,671,1505,1529]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="3.3" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.4 mm</quantity>
wide and 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC6FF37FCC9E1C87EACDBD2" box="[789,903,1504,1529]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2–2.5 mm</quantity>
high from the top of the calyx to the top of the polyp head. The remnant of a calyx available for this study occurs at right angles to the branch, has only a single layer of sclerites arranged in a faintly 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC6FF37FD94E2017FEFD86B" box="[584,708,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">en chevron</emphasis>
arrangement and is quite delicate (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC6FF37FB88E200799DD86B" box="[1108,1206,1576,1601]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="132.[151,250,1276,1298]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,195,1248]" captionTargetId="figure@132.[151,1435,195,1255]" captionTargetPageId="132" captionText="FIGURE 100. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A – B. Colony fragments; C. Fragment examined; D. Calyx. (A – B. Courtesy of NMNH, Dr R. Ford)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842489/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
D). In the two polyp heads available for examination and in the colony figures, the tentacles fold tightly over the polyp mouth giving the polyps a mostly flat summit with eight mounds. There are 7–9 short pinnules in a single row along each side of the tentacles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC6FF37FF1BE2907DD1D9DB" blockId="135.[151,1437,1324,2033]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC6FF37FF1BE2907CE1D8FB" bold="true" box="[199,458,1720,1745]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Medulla and Cortex:</emphasis>
The branch consists of a centrally positioned medulla, made up of tightly packed, longitudinally arranged sclerites surrounded by a cortex, also made up of a layer of packed sclerites. The cortex and medulla are clearly delineated by many, longitudinal canals forming a ring of boundary canals in cross-section (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3EC6FF37FF43E30C7DD5D917" box="[159,254,1828,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 101" captionStartId="133.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionTargetBox="[233,1355,194,1980]" captionTargetId="figure@133.[223,1363,193,1989]" captionTargetPageId="133" captionText="FIGURE 101. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Cross-section of medulla; B. Polyp head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842491/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
A). These canals join and anastomose together to form a boundary space which allows the cortex to easily be separated from the medulla. Additionally, there are 4–5 large and conspicuous canals running through the centre of the medulla. These range from 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3EC6FF37FDC4E3447F85D9AE" box="[536,686,1900,1925]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.25">0.25–0.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter, some are circular and some are oval. Bayer states the “solenia”, which perforate the medulla near the base, “diminish and seem to disappear entirely toward the branch tips”. No further attempt to investigate the canal arrangement was possible due to the shortage of available material.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D66733EC9FF38FF4BE39B7F2ED9C2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842497/files/figure.png" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" targetBox="[239,1343,193,1936]" targetPageId="136">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC9FF38FF4BE39B7F2ED9C2" blockId="136.[151,1436,1971,2024]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC9FF38FF4BE39B7C1AD9E3" bold="true" box="[151,305,1971,1993]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">FIGURE 104.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC9FF38FEE0E39C7F89D9E3" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[316,674,1971,1993]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC9FF38FEE0E39C7CD8D9E3" box="[316,499,1971,1993]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC9FF38FD71E39B7E24D9E3" bold="true" box="[685,783,1971,1993]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC9FF38FD71E39B7E24D9E3" box="[685,783,1971,1993]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype: A. Tentacles folded over polyp head; B. Pinnule, tentacular and point sclerites in situ.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733EC8FF39FF4BE3F27977D9DA" box="[151,1116,2010,2032]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842499/files/figure.png" pageId="137" pageNumber="138" targetBox="[159,1435,193,1982]" targetPageId="137">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3EC8FF39FF4BE3F27977D9DA" blockId="137.[151,1116,2010,2032]" box="[151,1116,2010,2032]" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC8FF39FF4BE3F27C07D9DA" bold="true" box="[151,300,2010,2032]" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">FIGURE 105.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783EC8FF39FEEEE3F37FA3D9DA" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,648,2010,2032]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="137" pageNumber="138" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC8FF39FEEEE3F37CCED9DA" box="[306,485,2010,2032]" italics="true" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93EC8FF39FD53E3F27FC0D9DA" bold="true" box="[655,747,2010,2032]" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923EC8FF39FD53E3F27FC0D9DA" box="[655,747,2010,2032]" pageId="137" pageNumber="138">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, sclerites: Tentacle rachis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733ECBFF3AFF4BE76978B6DD7D" box="[151,1437,833,855]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842501/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" targetBox="[157,1430,193,799]" targetPageId="138">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF4BE76978B6DD7D" blockId="138.[151,1437,833,855]" box="[151,1437,833,855]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECBFF3AFF4BE7697C07DD7D" bold="true" box="[151,300,833,855]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">FIGURE 106.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECBFF3AFEEEE76A7FACDD7D" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,647,833,855]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECBFF3AFEEEE76A7CCFDD7D" box="[306,484,833,855]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECBFF3AFD51E7697FC1DD7D" box="[653,746,833,855]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECBFF3AFD51E7697FC1DD7D" bold="true" box="[653,746,833,855]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, sclerites: Pinnule (a. poorly developed 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECBFF3AFB39E769787ADD7D" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[1253,1361,833,855]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">josephinae</taxonomicName>
clubs).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF1BE7AC7EA1DAB3" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECBFF3AFF1BE7AC7C1EDDB7" bold="true" box="[199,309,900,925]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Sclerites:</emphasis>
The polyp head is covered in a thick layer of sclerites, arranged as a collaret and points (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFAC7E7AC7850DDB7" box="[1307,1403,900,925]" captionStart="FIGURE 101" captionStartId="133.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionTargetBox="[233,1355,194,1980]" captionTargetId="figure@133.[223,1363,193,1989]" captionTargetPageId="133" captionText="FIGURE 101. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Cross-section of medulla; B. Polyp head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842491/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
B). The collaret consists of approximately 8–10 transverse rows of curved to straight sticks and spindles with simple, relatively sparse tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE09E7E47F11DDCF" box="[469,570,972,997]" captionStart="FIGURE 102" captionStartId="134.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,219,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[191,1389,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIGURE 102. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Collaret and point (a. simple sticks and spindles; b. large clubs with extended tips)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842493/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
a). Similar sclerites are arranged 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECBFF3AFC61E7E57910DDCF" box="[957,1083,972,997]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">en chevron</emphasis>
above the collaret, eventually becoming longitudinal at the top of the points—lengths usually range from 
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. Mixed in with these at the peak of the points are long clubs with extended tips (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFCD7E03C7E41DA07" box="[779,874,1044,1069]" captionStart="FIGURE 102" captionStartId="134.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,219,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[191,1389,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIGURE 102. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Collaret and point (a. simple sticks and spindles; b. large clubs with extended tips)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842493/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
b) and large, bulky clubs with reasonably crowded small warts and tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE17E0107F04DA7A" box="[459,559,1080,1105]" captionStart="FIGURE 103" captionStartId="135.[151,250,1263,1285]" captionTargetBox="[177,1363,194,1229]" captionTargetId="figure@135.[172,1379,193,1237]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURE 103. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: Bulky point sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842495/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 103</figureCitation>
). These are easily visible on the polyp head and make the eight points quite large and impressive (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE44E0747CD7DA5F" box="[408,508,1116,1141]" captionStart="FIGURE 101" captionStartId="133.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionTargetBox="[233,1355,194,1980]" captionTargetId="figure@133.[223,1363,193,1989]" captionTargetPageId="133" captionText="FIGURE 101. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Cross-section of medulla; B. Polyp head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842491/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
B). The clubbed sclerites are a comparable length to the simpler sclerites in the points, usually 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3AFE9DE0A87CCDDAB2" box="[321,486,1152,1177]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.95" valueMin="0.45">0.45–0.95 mm</quantity>
, but sclerites up to 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3AFD63E0A87E2BDAB2" box="[703,768,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
were noted.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF1BE08C7F99DBBF" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
Sclerites are arranged longitudinally in a thick layer on the tentacle rachis and decrease in size towards the tip of the tentacle (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE96E0E07C80DACA" box="[330,427,1224,1249]" captionStart="FIGURE 104" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[239,1343,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[229,1351,193,1944]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 104. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Tentacles folded over polyp head; B. Pinnule, tentacular and point sclerites in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842497/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 104</figureCitation>
A, B). There are thick rods with blunt ends and crowded tubercles, as well as a few rare spindles with very few tubercles and smaller clubs with tubercles clumped at one end (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFB81E0C47994DB2F" box="[1117,1215,1260,1285]" captionStart="FIGURE 105" captionStartId="137.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,193,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@137.[151,1435,193,1989]" captionTargetPageId="137" captionText="FIGURE 105. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Tentacle rachis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842499/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 105</figureCitation>
). The thick rods are of a relatively consistent length (
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3AFDDEE1387F89DB02" box="[514,674,1296,1320]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="0.33" valueMax="0.44" valueMin="0.22">0.22–0.44mm</quantity>
) and appear to be more common at the proximal end of the tentacles and in the top layer of the sclerites (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFDE1E11C7F89DB67" box="[573,674,1332,1357]" captionStart="FIGURE 104" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[239,1343,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[229,1351,193,1944]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 104. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Tentacles folded over polyp head; B. Pinnule, tentacular and point sclerites in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842497/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 104</figureCitation>
B). The clubs are approximately 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3AFBC7E11C79EBDB66" box="[1051,1216,1332,1357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.5999999999999996" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="0.28" valueMax="0.36" valueMin="0.2">0.20–0.36 mm</quantity>
long and are more crowded in the tip and sides of the tentacles with the clubbed end arranged towards the tip of the tentacle; the mostly smooth spindles are 
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long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF1BE1887F13D80E" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
Small rodlets are crowded longitudinally in the pinnules (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFC97E1887E9CDB92" box="[843,951,1440,1465]" captionStart="FIGURE 104" captionStartId="136.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[239,1343,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@136.[229,1351,193,1944]" captionTargetPageId="136" captionText="FIGURE 104. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype: A. Tentacles folded over polyp head; B. Pinnule, tentacular and point sclerites in situ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842497/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Figs. 104</figureCitation>
B; 106). Ranging from 
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long, they are lightly tuberculate, often slightly flattened, and sometimes have slightly clubbed tips with thin handles. The latter resemble 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECBFF3AFE55E1C07F2AD82B" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[393,513,1512,1537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">josephinae</taxonomicName>
clubs that are common in other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECBFF3AFBC5E1C1798ED82A" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[1049,1189,1513,1536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECBFF3AFBC5E1C1798ED82A" box="[1049,1189,1513,1536]" italics="true" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Victorgorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but are only poorly developed in this species (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE61E2247F36D80F" box="[445,541,1548,1573]" captionStart="FIGURE 106" captionStartId="138.[151,250,833,855]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,193,799]" captionTargetId="figure@138.[151,1435,193,812]" captionTargetPageId="138" captionText="FIGURE 106. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Pinnule (a. poorly developed josephinae clubs)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842501/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 106</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF1BE2197FB5D863" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" box="[199,670,1584,1609]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">No sclerites were detected in the pharynx.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF1BE27D7F57D8D7" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
In the calyx, sclerites are straight or very slightly curved, slender sticks and spindles with only a minor covering of simple tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE24E2507F74D8BA" box="[504,607,1656,1681]" captionStart="FIGURE 107" captionStartId="139.[151,250,1756,1778]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,337,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@139.[156,1430,337,1734]" captionTargetPageId="139" captionText="FIGURE 107. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Calyx (a. small, smooth spindles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842503/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 107</figureCitation>
). Sclerite length grades from approximately 
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with no noticeable size grouping on the calyx. There are also a few small, mostly smooth spindles which have a few tubercles and small thorns situated approximately mid-way on the sclerites (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFC28E2E8797DD8F2" box="[1012,1110,1728,1753]" captionStart="FIGURE 107" captionStartId="139.[151,250,1756,1778]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,337,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@139.[156,1430,337,1734]" captionTargetPageId="139" captionText="FIGURE 107. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Calyx (a. small, smooth spindles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842503/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 107</figureCitation>
a). These are shorter than the other calyx sclerites at 
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long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3AFF1BE3207CEFD9A7" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
Similarly, the cortex has straight, slender sticks and spindles, although these sclerites have a more substantial covering of tubercles than those from the calyx and are, in general, larger (
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) and thicker (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFAF0E30478BBD96F" box="[1324,1424,1836,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="140.[151,250,1985,2007]" captionTargetBox="[180,1402,337,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@140.[151,1435,337,1964]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURE 108. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Cortex (a. mostly smooth spindles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842505/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
). There are also mostly smooth spindles like those in the calyx although these are larger, ranging in length from 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3AFF4BE35D7C11D9A6" box="[151,314,1909,1933]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8000000000000003" metricValueMax="3.3000000000000003" metricValueMin="2.3000000000000003" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="0.28" valueMax="0.33" valueMin="0.23">0.23–0.33 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECBFF3AFE95E35C7C81D9A7" box="[329,426,1908,1933]" captionStart="FIGURE 108" captionStartId="140.[151,250,1985,2007]" captionTargetBox="[180,1402,337,1957]" captionTargetId="figure@140.[151,1435,337,1964]" captionTargetPageId="140" captionText="FIGURE 108. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Cortex (a. mostly smooth spindles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842505/files/figure.png" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECBFF3BFF1BE3B079E1DEFF" blockId="138.[151,1437,900,2005]" lastBlockId="139.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="139" lastPageNumber="140" pageId="138" pageNumber="139">
The medulla is formed of tightly packed, longitudinally and obliquely placed sclerites that are most commonly long, straight or slightly bent sticks and spindles. The longest of these are up to 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3AFBD2E394795FD9FE" box="[1038,1140,1980,2005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="1.25">1.25 mm</quantity>
, but most are within 
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3ECBFF3BFA81E3957DD0DE85" lastPageId="139" lastPageNumber="140" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="4.699999999999999" pageId="138" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="0.725" valueMax="0.98" valueMin="0.47">0.47– 0.98 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECAFF3BFED6E4BF7C47DE9A" box="[266,364,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 109" captionStartId="141.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox="[180,1393,193,1936]" captionTargetId="figure@141.[179,1402,193,1946]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="FIGURE 109. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Medulla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842507/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
). Some of the sclerites are mostly smooth but with a few simple conical tubercles, and there are also spindles with more crowded warts. There is evidence of some fused and branched sclerites.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECAFF3BFF1BE4F77C9CDF37" blockId="139.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Sclerites are all transparent under transmitted light excepting the bulky sclerites in the tentacles and points, which have brown tinges.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4D66733ECAFF3BFF4BE2F4783CD8D8" box="[151,1303,1756,1778]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842503/files/figure.png" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" targetBox="[169,1417,337,1727]" targetPageId="139">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECAFF3BFF4BE2F4783CD8D8" blockId="139.[151,1303,1756,1778]" box="[151,1303,1756,1778]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFF4BE2F47C07D8D8" bold="true" box="[151,300,1756,1778]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">FIGURE 107.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFEEEE2F57FA3D8D8" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,648,1756,1778]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFEEEE2F57CCED8D8" box="[306,485,1756,1778]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECAFF3BFD53E2F47FC0D8D8" box="[655,747,1756,1778]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFD53E2F47FC0D8D8" bold="true" box="[655,747,1756,1778]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, sclerites: Calyx (a. small, smooth spindles).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32865703ECAFF3BFF1BE3317CDCD97F" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECAFF3BFF1BE3317F71D91B" blockId="139.[151,1436,1817,2022]" box="[199,602,1817,1842]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFF1BE3317C49D918" bold="true" box="[199,354,1817,1842]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Distribution:</emphasis>
Hawaiian seamounts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECAFF3BFF1BE3147CDCD97F" blockId="139.[151,1436,1817,2022]" box="[199,503,1852,1877]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFF1BE3147C32D97F" bold="true" box="[199,281,1852,1877]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Depth:</emphasis>
<date id="FF8C103B3ECAFF3BFEFCE3157CB5D97F" box="[288,414,1853,1877]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" value="1394" valueMax="1829">1394–1829</date>
metres.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32865703ECAFF3EFF1BE34978A1DB7F" lastPageId="142" lastPageNumber="143" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECAFF3CFF1BE3497993DF37" blockId="139.[151,1436,1817,2022]" lastBlockId="140.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="140" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFF1BE3497C16D950" bold="true" box="[199,317,1889,1914]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Remarks:</emphasis>
When 
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECAFF3BFE51E34A7F05D950" author="Bayer" box="[397,558,1889,1914]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1956 a) Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science, 10 (1), 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="a">Bayer (1956a)</bibRefCitation>
reassigned the species 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFCEFE34979A1D953" authority="Nutting, 1908" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1908" box="[819,1162,1889,1914]" class="Anthozoa" family="Victorgorgiidae" genus="Clematissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFCEFE3497EC3D950" box="[819,1000,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Clematissa alba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECAFF3BFC33E34979A1D953" author="Nutting" box="[1007,1162,1889,1914]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
to 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFB71E3497803D950" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[1197,1320,1889,1914]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFB71E3497803D950" box="[1197,1320,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
he gave it the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFED1E3AC7CC0D9B7" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[269,491,1924,1949]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFED1E3AC7CC0D9B7" box="[269,491,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Anthothela nuttingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because Molander’s claim that 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFCBBE3AC7935D9B7" baseAuthorityName="Grieg" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[871,1054,1924,1949]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFCBBE3AC7935D9B7" box="[871,1054,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Clavularia alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFB9FE3AC78BFD9B7" authority="Grieg, 1887" authorityName="Grieg" authorityYear="1887" box="[1091,1428,1924,1949]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFB9FE3AC79D6D9B7" box="[1091,1277,1924,1949]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Rhizoxenia alba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECAFF3BFAD4E3AC78BFD9B7" author="Grieg" box="[1288,1428,1924,1949]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1887) To nye cornularier fra den norske kyst. Bergens Museum Aarsberetning, 2, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1887">Grieg, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) belonged in 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFEFCE3817CB0D9E8" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[288,411,1961,1986]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFEFCE3817CB0D9E8" box="[288,411,1961,1986]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(with the resulting new combination 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFCE0E3827918D9EB" authority="(Grieg, 1887))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Grieg" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[828,1075,1961,1986]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFCE0E3827EA6D9E8" box="[828,909,1961,1986]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">A. alba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECAFF3BFC4FE3817918D9EB" author="Grieg" box="[915,1075,1961,1986]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1887) To nye cornularier fra den norske kyst. Bergens Museum Aarsberetning, 2, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1887">(Grieg, 1887))</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
took precedence. It is now clear however, that 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFEE9E3E57FACD9CC" authority="(Grieg, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Grieg" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[309,647,1997,2022]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Clavularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFEE9E3E57CC3D9CC" box="[309,488,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Clavularia alba</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECAFF3BFE2AE3E57F54D9CC" author="Grieg" box="[502,639,1997,2022]" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1887) To nye cornularier fra den norske kyst. Bergens Museum Aarsberetning, 2, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1887">Grieg, 1887</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
does not belong in 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECAFF3BFCB8E3E57EF4D9CC" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[868,991,1997,2022]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="139" pageNumber="140" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECAFF3BFCB8E3E57EF4D9CC" box="[868,991,1997,2022]" italics="true" pageId="139" pageNumber="140">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see below), and had Bayer known that he could have formed the binomial 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFDFFE4BF7EA0DE9A" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[547,907,151,176]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFDFFE4BF7FFCDE9A" box="[547,727,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Anthothela alba</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECDFF3CFD39E4BF7EA8DE9A" author="Nutting" box="[741,899,151,176]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
which would have been considered valid at the time. As has been demonstrated above, Nutting’s species does not belong in 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFB86E49479FEDEFF" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[1114,1237,188,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFB86E49479FEDEFF" box="[1114,1237,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and so Bayer’s reassignment of the species to that genus is no longer valid. 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFC8DE4F77923DED2" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1908" box="[849,1032,223,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Victorgorgiidae" genus="Clematissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFC8DE4F77923DED2" box="[849,1032,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Clematissa alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here transferred to 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFAD4E4C978B7DED2" box="[1288,1436,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFAD4E4C978BCDED2" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[1288,1431,225,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Victorgorgia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
thus becoming 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFE9EE52D7F6DDF36" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[322,582,260,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Victorgorgiidae" genus="Clematissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFE9EE52D7CA4DF37" box="[322,399,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">V. alba</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECDFF3CFE42E52C7F15DF36" author="Nutting" box="[414,574,260,285]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer &quot; Albatross &quot; in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 34, 543 - 601. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49592" type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFD5EE52C7E70DF36" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[642,859,260,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFD5EE52C7E70DF36" box="[642,859,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Anthothela nuttingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
therefore becomes a synonym.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D66733ECDFF3CFF4BE3E9780CD9FD" box="[151,1319,1985,2007]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842505/files/figure.png" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" targetBox="[180,1402,337,1957]" targetPageId="140">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECDFF3CFF4BE3E9780CD9FD" blockId="140.[151,1319,1985,2007]" box="[151,1319,1985,2007]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFF4BE3E97C07D9FD" bold="true" box="[151,300,1985,2007]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">FIGURE 108.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECDFF3CFEEEE3EA7FA3D9FD" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,648,1985,2007]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="140" pageNumber="141" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFEEEE3EA7CCED9FD" box="[306,485,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECDFF3CFD53E3E97FC0D9FD" bold="true" box="[655,747,1985,2007]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECDFF3CFD53E3E97FC0D9FD" box="[655,747,1985,2007]" pageId="140" pageNumber="141">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, sclerites: Cortex (a. mostly smooth spindles).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733ECCFF3DFF4BE3947933D9F8" box="[151,1048,1980,2002]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842507/files/figure.png" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" targetBox="[180,1393,193,1936]" targetPageId="141">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECCFF3DFF4BE3947933D9F8" blockId="141.[151,1048,1980,2002]" box="[151,1048,1980,2002]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECCFF3DFF4BE3947C07D9F8" bold="true" box="[151,300,1980,2002]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">FIGURE 109.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECCFF3DFEEEE3957FA3D9F8" authority="(Nutting, 1908)" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[306,648,1980,2002]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="141" pageNumber="142" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECCFF3DFEEEE3957CCED9F8" box="[306,485,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">Ƒictorgorgia alba</emphasis>
(Nutting, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECCFF3DFD53E3947FC0D9F8" bold="true" box="[655,747,1980,2002]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECCFF3DFD53E3947FC0D9F8" box="[655,747,1980,2002]" pageId="141" pageNumber="142">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, sclerites: Medulla.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECFFF3EFF1BE4BF782ADED2" blockId="142.[151,1436,151,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
The 
<typeStatus id="548988593ECFFF3EFF26E4BF7C77DE9A" box="[250,348,151,176]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE5EE4BF7FEEDE9A" authority="Grieg, 1887" authorityName="Grieg" authorityYear="1887" box="[386,709,151,176]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFE5EE4BF7F13DE9A" box="[386,568,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Rhizoxenia alba</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B0A3ECFFF3EFDE3E4BF7FEEDE9A" author="Grieg" box="[575,709,151,176]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" refString="Grieg, J. A. (1887) To nye cornularier fra den norske kyst. Bergens Museum Aarsberetning, 2, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1887">Grieg, 1887</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was examined for this study, and although no polyps remain the colony was obviously stoloniferous only, with surface sclerites quite uncharacteristic of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFB42E4947832DEFF" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[1182,1305,188,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB42E4947832DEFF" box="[1182,1305,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus it is impossible to be definitive on where 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFDEAE4C87FA2DED2" authorityName="Grieg" authorityYear="1887" baseAuthorityName="Grieg" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[566,649,223,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFDEAE4C87FA2DED2" box="[566,649,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">C. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs but it appears to not be a species of 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFBA2E4F7782ADED2" box="[1150,1281,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFBA2E4F779D6DED2" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[1150,1277,223,248]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthothela</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECFFF3EFF1BE52C7F6DDC4A" blockId="142.[151,1436,151,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
Unfortunately, only a tiny fragment of the 
<typeStatus id="548988593ECFFF3EFD15E52C7E00DF37" box="[713,811,260,285]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFC80E52D7E85DF37" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[860,942,260,285]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC80E52D7E85DF37" box="[860,942,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFC67E52C790DDF37" box="[955,1062,260,285]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC67E52C790DDF37" bold="true" box="[955,1062,260,285]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
was available for examination; nevertheless, when combined with Nutting and Bayer’s descriptions it can confidently be asserted that this species does not belong in 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFEA6E5647CD6DF4F" box="[378,509,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFEA6E5647CD2DF4F" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[378,505,332,357]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthothela</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The presence of large canals in the medulla and the absence of sclerites in the pharynx combine to exclude this specimen from the revised definition of 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC0DE547797FDFA2" box="[977,1108,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFC0DE547797BDFA2" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[977,1104,367,392]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Anthothela</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
These characteristics instead support the re-assignment to 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFE05E5BD7F46DF86" box="[473,621,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE05E5BD7F43DF86" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[473,616,405,428]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Victorgorgia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
as do general polyp and sclerite form. However, similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFB23E5BD78B7DF87" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1279,1436,404,429]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macrocalyx" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB23E5BD78B7DF87" box="[1279,1436,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. macrocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFF4BE59F7DD6DFFA" box="[151,253,439,464]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFF4BE59F7DD6DFFA" bold="true" box="[151,253,439,464]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, there are very few 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE02E59F7F7DDFFA" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[478,598,439,464]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">josephinae</taxonomicName>
clubs in the tentacles, which are common in other species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFAD4E59178BFDFFA" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[1288,1428,441,464]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFAD4E59178BFDFFA" box="[1288,1428,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Victorgorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This may be due to limited material or it may truly reflect that the clubs are absent and this specimen does not belong in 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFED5E6297CB6DC32" box="[265,413,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFED5E6297CB2DC32" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[265,409,513,536]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Victorgorgia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Alternatively, it may be that the presence/ absence or abundance of the clubs is simply an interspecific variation within 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE2CE60D7F50DC16" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[496,635,549,572]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFE2CE60D7F50DC16" box="[496,635,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Victorgorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens collected from similar locations to that of the 
<typeStatus id="548988593ECFFF3EFAE6E60C78B7DC17" box="[1338,1436,548,573]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
would assist in defining this quandary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECFFF3EFF1BE6447844DD12" blockId="142.[151,1436,151,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<materialsCitation id="3B5A3CA63ECFFF3EFF1BE6447844DD12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1586203852" collectionCode="DNA, USNM" collectorName="A. Baco &amp; GenBank. A" country="France" location="There" municipality="Hawaiian Islands" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" specimenCode="USNM 94435" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="8EED60203ECFFF3EFF1BE6447C23DCAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87ED3EC2FF3EFF4BE2FD78A1DB7F:8EED60203ECFFF3EFF1BE6447C23DCAF" box="[199,264,620,645]" country="France" municipality="Hawaiian Islands" name="There" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">There</location>
are specimens determined as 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFD81E6447E1CDCAE" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[605,823,620,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFD81E6447E1CDCAE" box="[605,823,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Anthothela nuttingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that have been collected around the 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE9AC813ECFFF3EFB05E64478B7DCAF" box="[1241,1436,620,645]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Hawaiian Islands</collectingMunicipality>
(S. 
<collectingCountry id="F325766B3ECFFF3EFF1EE6B87C25DC8D" box="[194,270,656,679]" name="France" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">France</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectorName id="26C7532D3ECFFF3EFE90E6B87C87DC8D" box="[332,428,656,680]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">A. Baco</collectorName>
pers.com.), and some of these specimens have 
<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3ECFFF3EFC01E6B87931DC82" box="[989,1050,656,680]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">DNA</collectionCode>
sequences currently available on 
<collectorName id="26C7532D3ECFFF3EFF4BE69C7C01DCE6" box="[151,298,692,717]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">GenBank. A</collectorName>
fragment of one such specimen (
<specimenCode id="DB949E803ECFFF3EFD10E69C7E5DDCE7" box="[716,886,692,717]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3ECFFF3EFD10E69C7E34DCE6" box="[716,799,692,716]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">USNM</collectionCode>
94435
</specimenCode>
) was examined and found not to correspond morphologically with the 
<typeStatus id="548988593ECFFF3EFE64E6FF7F31DCDA" box="[440,538,727,752]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFDE2E6F17FA0DCDA" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[574,651,727,752]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFDE2E6F17FA0DCDA" box="[574,651,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFD4EE6FF7FDCDCDA" box="[658,759,727,752]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFD4EE6FF7FDCDCDA" bold="true" box="[658,759,727,752]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
. Additionally, the molecular data groups 
<specimenCode id="DB949E803ECFFF3EFB1AE6F0784FDCDA" box="[1222,1380,727,752]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3ECFFF3EFB1AE6F0783CDCDA" box="[1222,1303,728,752]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">USNM</collectionCode>
94435
</specimenCode>
with 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFF4BE6D57C3ADD3E" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,273,765,788]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="eminens" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFF4BE6D57C3ADD3E" box="[151,273,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. eminens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFEC7E6D47C76DD3F" box="[283,349,764,789]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFEC7E6D47C76DD3F" bold="true" box="[283,349,764,789]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the Tasmanian seamounts. Thus it is extremely likely there is more than one species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFF4BE7097C08DD12" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,291,801,824]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFF4BE7097C08DD12" box="[151,291,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Victorgorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the Hawaiian seamounts and all samples previously determined as 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFBE6E708799BDD12" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[1082,1200,800,824]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nuttingi">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFBE6E708799BDD12" box="[1082,1200,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">A. nuttingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
require revision.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECFFF3EFF1BE76C7FD1DAC2" blockId="142.[151,1436,151,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
Based on what was available of the 
<typeStatus id="548988593ECFFF3EFDABE76C7FF7DD77" box="[631,732,836,861]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, the key differences of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFC2AE76D7963DD77" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1014,1096,836,861]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC2AE76D7963DD77" box="[1014,1096,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFB88E76C7995DD77" box="[1108,1214,836,861]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB88E76C7995DD77" bold="true" box="[1108,1214,836,861]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
from other known 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFF4BE7417C08DDAA" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,291,873,896]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFF4BE7417C08DDAA" box="[151,291,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Victorgorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are the presence of bulky, closely warted sclerites in the points plus thick rods on the tentacle rachis and no or very few 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE09E7A47F66DD8F" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[469,589,908,933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">josephinae</taxonomicName>
clubs. The most comparable species is 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFBFBE7A579E2DD8F" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[1063,1225,908,933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macrocalyx" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFBFBE7A579E2DD8F" box="[1063,1225,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. macrocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFB08E7A47815DD8F" box="[1236,1342,908,933]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB08E7A47815DD8F" bold="true" box="[1236,1342,908,933]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, which, unfortunately, was also restricted in material available for examination. Both species have thick rods on the tentacle rachis, bulky clubs in the points and few 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFDB1E7FC7FCEDDC7" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[621,741,980,1005]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">josephinae</taxonomicName>
clubs. The differences between them include the presence of extended clubs in the points of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE29E7D17F69DA3A" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[501,578,1015,1040]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFE29E7D17F69DA3A" box="[501,578,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFD95E7DF7F84DA3A" box="[585,687,1015,1040]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFD95E7DF7F84DA3A" bold="true" box="[585,687,1015,1040]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECFFF3EFD62E7DF7E0BDA3A" box="[702,800,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 102" captionStartId="134.[151,250,1971,1993]" captionTargetBox="[208,1379,219,1920]" captionTargetId="figure@134.[191,1389,193,1933]" captionTargetPageId="134" captionText="FIGURE 102. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Collaret and point (a. simple sticks and spindles; b. large clubs with extended tips)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842493/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
), the tentacle rachis sclerites (
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFBAEE7D17994DA3A" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1138,1215,1015,1040]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFBAEE7D17994DA3A" box="[1138,1215,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFB1AE7DF7807DA3A" box="[1222,1324,1015,1040]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB1AE7DF7807DA3A" bold="true" box="[1222,1324,1015,1040]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has small clubs and bars with relatively crowded, rounded tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECFFF3EFCF6E0347EA2DA1F" box="[810,905,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 105" captionStartId="137.[151,250,2010,2032]" captionTargetBox="[159,1435,193,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@137.[151,1435,193,1989]" captionTargetPageId="137" captionText="FIGURE 105. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Tentacle rachis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842499/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Fig. 105</figureCitation>
) whilst 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFC3EE0357954DA1F" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[994,1151,1052,1077]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macrocalyx" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC3EE0357954DA1F" box="[994,1151,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. macrocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFB59E03479C0DA1F" box="[1157,1259,1052,1077]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB59E03479C0DA1F" bold="true" box="[1157,1259,1052,1077]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has small clubs with tall cones (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECFFF3EFE92E0177C84DA72" box="[334,431,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 121" captionStartId="156.[151,250,1967,1989]" captionTargetBox="[167,1410,193,1907]" captionTargetId="figure@156.[167,1410,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="FIGURE 121. Ƒictorgorgia macrocalyx (Nutting, 1911) n. comb., holotype: A. Cross-section of axis; B. Point and collaret sclerites; C. Clubbed point and tentacle rachis sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842531/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Fig. 121</figureCitation>
) and squat bars with sparse tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECFFF3EFCB5E0177EE0DA72" box="[873,971,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 122" captionStartId="157.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox="[165,1396,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@157.[165,1407,193,1941]" captionTargetPageId="157" captionText="FIGURE 122. Ƒictorgorgia macrocalyx (Nutting, 1911) n. comb., holotype: A. Polyp head; B. Tentacle rachis sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842533/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
)), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFBC0E0697940DA72" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1052,1131,1087,1112]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFBC0E0697940DA72" box="[1052,1131,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFBAFE01779F0DA72" box="[1139,1243,1087,1112]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFBAFE01779F0DA72" bold="true" box="[1139,1243,1087,1112]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has only slender sticks and spindles in the calyx and cortex (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECFFF3EFD7CE04C7E3ADA56" box="[672,785,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 107" captionStartId="139.[151,250,1756,1778]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,337,1727]" captionTargetId="figure@139.[156,1430,337,1734]" captionTargetPageId="139" captionText="FIGURE 107. Ƒictorgorgia alba (Nutting, 1908) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Calyx (a. small, smooth spindles)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842503/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Figs. 107</figureCitation>
; 108) whilst 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFC73E04D797ADA57" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Nutting" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[943,1105,1124,1149]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macrocalyx" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC73E04D797ADA57" box="[943,1105,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. macrocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFB80E04C79EDDA57" box="[1116,1222,1124,1149]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB80E04C79EDDA57" bold="true" box="[1116,1222,1124,1149]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
has some thicker, tuberculate spindles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3ECFFF3EFE56E0AF7CD3DA8A" box="[394,504,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 124" captionStartId="159.[151,250,1976,1998]" captionTargetBox="[188,1397,553,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@159.[172,1414,553,1954]" captionTargetPageId="159" captionText="FIGURE 124. Ƒictorgorgia macrocalyx (Nutting, 1911) n. comb., holotype, sclerites: Calyx." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842537/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">Figs. 124</figureCitation>
; 125). The differences in sclerite form are sufficient to distinguish between these two small specimens here but with such limited material it has been impossible to investigate whether intracolonial variation would account for these differences.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3ECFFF3EFF1BE0DD78A1DB7F" blockId="142.[151,1436,151,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
For the other species of 
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFE0AE0DD7E2CDB27" box="[470,775,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE0AE0DD7F4EDB26" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[470,613,1269,1292]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Victorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Victorgorgia</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFDAFE0DD7E2CDB27" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[627,775,1268,1293]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">V. josephinae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFCE3E0DD7E95DB26" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[831,958,1269,1292]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="argentea" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFCE3E0DD7E95DB26" box="[831,958,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. argentea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFC18E0DC7900DB27" box="[964,1067,1268,1293]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFC18E0DC7900DB27" bold="true" box="[964,1067,1268,1293]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be separated from 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFAECE0DD7855DB27" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" baseAuthorityYear="1887" box="[1328,1406,1268,1293]" class="Anthozoa" family="Clavulariidae" genus="Rhizoxenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alba" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFAECE0DD7855DB27" box="[1328,1406,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. alba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFA59E0DC7DF4DB1A" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFA59E0DC7DF4DB1A" bold="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
by their abundance of 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFE3AE13F7F75DB1A" authorityName="Lopez-Gonzalez &amp; Briand" authorityYear="2002" box="[486,606,1303,1328]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="josephinae">josephinae</taxonomicName>
clubs and the lack of thick rods in the tentacles, 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFB50E131782EDB1A" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[1164,1285,1305,1328]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="eminens" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFB50E131782EDB1A" box="[1164,1285,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. eminens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFAD1E13F7866DB1A" box="[1293,1357,1303,1328]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFAD1E13F7866DB1A" bold="true" box="[1293,1357,1303,1328]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the absence of large, bulky sclerites in the points and 
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783ECFFF3EFD18E1157E1ADB7F" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[708,817,1340,1365]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Fictorgorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nyahae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFD18E1157E1ADB7F" box="[708,817,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">V. nyahae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923ECFFF3EFCE4E1147E5DDB7F" box="[824,886,1340,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93ECFFF3EFCE4E1147E5DDB7F" bold="true" box="[824,886,1340,1365]" pageId="142" pageNumber="143">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
by the presence of sharply pointed thorn clubs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>