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<document id="9B63596D94A44551A0CD688C75760EC4" ID-CLB-Dataset="32506" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4304.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b9bd2c4-7dee-46a3-a36d-80077b88a78b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="842289" ID-ZooBank="3D557C94-0783-4C39-80C3-9C321DA94800" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1502687522877" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moore, Kirrily M., Alderslade, Philip &amp; Miller, Karen J." docDate="2017" docId="039B87ED3E11FFEAFF4BE4BF7E86D98E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4304.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4304 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Anthothela quattriniae Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="FFA2FF953E41FFB0FFDCE4287D2BDE2A" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with the addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="212" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1698466576984" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0026D41BAA4E0CEC7A03027292FCC38F">
<mods:title id="9133E225CED381C9273295B971913F4A">A taxonomic revision of Anthothela (Octocorallia: Scleraxonia: Anthothelidae) and related genera, with the addition of new taxa, using morphological and molecular data</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="34FCC2A2B6C19841C188701E283F31A3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="92B369005135632DEEA5324A11B1E387">
<mods:roleTerm id="9E2F1D53CB59281B061279FE3064B933">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C9DECB2921E02D12AF5DA8478B046F22">Moore, Kirrily M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="D981AA87B3A29C5365C814CBEDA918AE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BB6C7BC47F63ACDFB070699C1817E2E9">
<mods:roleTerm id="12391E5734FD7FE325FA26358359B351">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A51981E3487F4C656309B38F1367377A">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C142D002C3E983CCF328067D3BA9DFCB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B31E34A6AAA99314CBE788AF578C8CD2">
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<mods:namePart id="C72F8493A7A9997E92A7574744D09D6B">Miller, Karen J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="403939626A9C9AFFF298BA49275212BF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1A10065E0C9FF6F76D1E1E0DFC008552">
<mods:date id="DC22AF26E4507148D787B1FF0B167353">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DD9B5B6F4F2DA11C8557A9C212A04D29" type="volume">
<mods:number id="848F22EFDD99950B68BD3DC395DF962E">4304</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EA829C63622588F42116989DBA84C4A9">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="D4DBAA12A37BA7AD9440E014757C1477">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="7F9F9717367D6A7B6236A2038D93BA4C" type="CLB-Dataset">32506</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6F7143410957AD6ACF100C55ED7E473A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4304.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039B87ED3E11FFEAFF4BE4BF7E86D98E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6015371" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132631047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6015371" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87ED3E11FFEAFF4BE4BF7E86D98E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B87ED3E11FFEAFF4BE4BF7E86D98E" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<subSubSection id="C32865703E11FFE0FF4BE4BF7C05DEDD" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF4BE4BF7E5EDE98" blockId="80.[151,907,151,247]" box="[151,885,151,178]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<heading id="D0C581973E11FFE0FF4BE4BF7E5EDE98" bold="true" box="[151,885,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF4BE4BF7E5EDE98" bold="true" box="[151,885,151,178]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E11FFE0FF4BE4BF7C80DE9B" ID-CoL="5VGP8" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,427,151,177]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF4BE4BF7C80DE9B" bold="true" box="[151,427,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E11FFE0FE6EE4B07F3BDE98" box="[434,528,152,178]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Moore, Alderslade &amp; Miller
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF4BE4927C05DEDD" blockId="80.[151,907,151,247]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
http://zoobank.org/CB327C2D-3D3D-41DA-8F40-85E6E6C44350 (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FF43E4F67C0DDEDD" box="[159,294,222,247]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 56" captionStart-1="FIGURE 57" captionStart-10="FIGURE 66" captionStart-11="FIGURE 67" captionStart-2="FIGURE 58" captionStart-3="FIGURE 59" captionStart-4="FIGURE 60" captionStart-5="FIGURE 61" captionStart-6="FIGURE 62" captionStart-7="FIGURE 63" captionStart-8="FIGURE 64" captionStart-9="FIGURE 65" captionStartId-0="81.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionStartId-1="82.[151,250,1994,2016]" captionStartId-10="91.[151,250,2008,2030]" captionStartId-11="92.[151,250,1993,2015]" captionStartId-2="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionStartId-3="84.[151,250,1125,1147]" captionStartId-4="85.[151,250,1985,2007]" captionStartId-5="86.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionStartId-6="87.[151,250,1212,1234]" captionStartId-7="88.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionStartId-8="89.[151,250,1984,2006]" captionStartId-9="90.[151,250,1402,1424]" captionTargetBox-0="[253,1329,193,1886]" captionTargetBox-1="[190,1402,193,1960]" captionTargetBox-10="[168,1426,193,1975]" captionTargetBox-11="[176,1412,193,1955]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetBox-3="[164,1424,193,1097]" captionTargetBox-4="[205,1388,193,1955]" captionTargetBox-5="[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1432,193,1183]" captionTargetBox-7="[161,1435,373,1950]" captionTargetBox-8="[188,1385,193,1941]" captionTargetBox-9="[172,1417,193,1374]" captionTargetId-0="figure@81.[241,1346,193,1892]" captionTargetId-1="figure@82.[182,1410,193,1975]" captionTargetId-10="figure@91.[164,1426,193,1979]" captionTargetId-11="figure@92.[172,1415,193,1961]" captionTargetId-2="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetId-3="figure@84.[151,1435,193,1104]" captionTargetId-4="figure@85.[185,1402,193,1963]" captionTargetId-5="figure@86.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetId-6="figure@87.[151,1435,193,1191]" captionTargetId-7="figure@88.[151,1435,373,1959]" captionTargetId-8="figure@89.[186,1393,193,1954]" captionTargetId-9="figure@90.[151,1435,193,1380]" captionTargetPageId-0="81" captionTargetPageId-1="82" captionTargetPageId-10="91" captionTargetPageId-11="92" captionTargetPageId-2="83" captionTargetPageId-3="84" captionTargetPageId-4="85" captionTargetPageId-5="86" captionTargetPageId-6="87" captionTargetPageId-7="88" captionTargetPageId-8="89" captionTargetPageId-9="90" captionText-0="FIGURE 56. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Colony; B. Fragments examined. (A. Courtesy of Andrea Quattrini and the Lophelia II program, US BOEM and NOAA OER)." captionText-1="FIGURE 57. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Largest fragment examined; B. Branch tip." captionText-10="FIGURE 66. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Bulbous cortex sclerites; B. Simple cortex sclerites." captionText-11="FIGURE 67. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype, sclerites: Medulla." captionText-2="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." captionText-3="FIGURE 59. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Simple point and collaret sclerites." captionText-4="FIGURE 60. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Bulbous point sclerites." captionText-5="FIGURE 61. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Tentacular and point sclerites in situ; B. Tentacle rachis sclerites." captionText-6="FIGURE 62. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype, sclerites: Pinnule." captionText-7="FIGURE 63. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Bulbous calyx sclerites (a. sclerites lacking a spear tip)." captionText-8="FIGURE 64. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Simple calyx sclerites." captionText-9="FIGURE 65. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Pharyngeal sclerites; B. In situ arrangement of pharyngeal sclerites." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/842401/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/842403/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/842421/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/842423/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/842407/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/842409/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/842411/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/842413/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/842415/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/842417/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/842419/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Figs. 56–67</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32865703E11FFE0FF4BE50E7811DF4C" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF4BE50E7811DF4C" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<materialsCitation id="3B5A3CA63E11FFE0FF4BE50E7811DF4C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1586203767" collectingDate="2010-10-20" collectingDateMax="2010-10-21" collectingDateMin="2010-10-20" collectionCode="USNM, ROV, NOAA" collectorName="Lophelia II &amp; Ship Ronald H." country="Mexico" elevation="522" latitude="27.426" location="Material" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-93.589" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" specimenCode="USNM 1207951" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF4BE50E7FEEDF15" bold="true" box="[151,709,294,319]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<location id="8EED60203E11FFE0FF4BE50E7DD4DF15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87ED3E11FFEAFF4BE4BF7E86D98E:8EED60203E11FFE0FF4BE50E7DD4DF15" box="[151,255,294,319]" country="Mexico" latitude="27.426" longLatPrecision="74" longitude="-93.589" name="Material" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Material</location>
examined.
<typeStatus id="548988593E11FFE0FE56E50E7CD0DF15" box="[394,507,294,319]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCode id="DB949E803E11FFE0FDD4E50E7FEEDF15" box="[520,709,294,319]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3E11FFE0FDD4E50E7F71DF15" box="[520,602,294,319]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">USNM</collectionCode>
1207951
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</emphasis>
, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F325766B3E11FFE0FCF3E50E7EACDF15" box="[815,903,294,319]" name="Mexico" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, USA,
<collectorName id="26C7532D3E11FFE0FC07E50E7977DF14" box="[987,1116,294,319]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Lophelia II</collectorName>
, (LII–10–464),
<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3E11FFE0FACCE50F7860DF15" box="[1296,1355,295,319]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15413" name="Museo Civico di Rovereto" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">ROV</collectionCode>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E11FFE0FA88E50F78BEDF14" authorityName="M. C. Miller" authorityYear="1974" box="[1364,1429,295,318]" class="Gastropoda" family="Facelinidae" genus="Jason" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FA88E50F78BEDF14" box="[1364,1429,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Jason</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, J2-531 GB535,
<collectionCode id="ED23AE3E3E11FFE0FE95E5667CB1DF4C" box="[329,410,334,358]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/qzhp-igg5" name="National Oceanic and Atmospeheric Administration" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">NOAA</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26C7532D3E11FFE0FE7DE5657F65DF4F" box="[417,590,333,358]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Ship Ronald H.</collectorName>
Brown,
<geoCoordinate id="EE06503C3E11FFE0FD6CE5657E34DF4C" box="[688,799,333,358]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="55" value="27.426">27.426°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE06503C3E11FFE0FCF6E5657EB7DF4C" box="[810,924,333,358]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" precision="55" value="-93.589">93.589°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<elevation id="001FD1C83E11FFE0FC31E565791DDF4F" box="[1005,1078,333,358]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.22" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="522.0">
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E11FFE0FC31E565791DDF4F" box="[1005,1078,333,358]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.22" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="522.0">522 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EFC8E9D33E11FFE0FB9EE566781DDF4C" box="[1090,1334,329,358]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2010-10-20" valueMax="2010-10-21" valueMin="2010-10-20">
<date id="FF8C103B3E11FFE0FB9EE566781DDF4C" box="[1090,1334,329,358]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" value="2010-10-20" valueMax="2010-10-21" valueMin="2010-10-20">20–21st October 2010</date>
</collectingDate>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32865703E11FFE7FF1BE5597EF2D978" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE5597C70DFA0" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" box="[199,347,369,394]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF1BE5597C70DFA0" bold="true" box="[199,347,369,394]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Description:</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE5BD7CFCDCE4" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF1BE5BD7C43DF84" bold="true" box="[199,360,405,430]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Colony form:</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="548988593E11FFE0FE7DE5BD7F28DF84" box="[417,515,405,430]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is a tangled colony with narrow branches and no main stem, and is approximately
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E11FFE0FF4BE5927DCCDFFB" box="[151,231,442,466]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
high and
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E11FFE0FE85E5927C82DFFB" box="[345,425,442,466]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
wide (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FE2BE5917F60DFF8" box="[503,587,441,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="81.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[253,1329,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@81.[241,1346,193,1892]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURE 56. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Colony; B. Fragments examined. (A. Courtesy of Andrea Quattrini and the Lophelia II program, US BOEM and NOAA OER)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842401/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
A). Six fragments of the colony were available for examination (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FAF4E5917857DFF8" box="[1320,1404,441,466]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="81.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[253,1329,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@81.[241,1346,193,1892]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURE 56. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Colony; B. Fragments examined. (A. Courtesy of Andrea Quattrini and the Lophelia II program, US BOEM and NOAA OER)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842401/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
B), all with polyps and calyces arranged along narrow branches. The pieces range in size from
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E11FFE0FB7EE5F57825DFDF" box="[1186,1294,477,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="6.0">6–20 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E11FFE0FA5CE5F67DD4DC33" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="14.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="9.25" valueMax="14.5" valueMin="4.0">4– 14.5 mm</quantity>
across at the widest parts and the largest piece has six bifurcations with no distinguishable order or arrangement. There is some evidence of previous anastomoses. Branches are circular to elliptical in cross-section and range from
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E11FFE0FE90E6617CFFDC4B" box="[332,468,585,610]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="0.6">0.6–2.2 mm</quantity>
wide; there is some distortion of the branches at the bifurcation points and where the calyces occur. There is no holdfast or evidence of any membranous growth forms in the fragments examined but in the photograph of the whole colony it appears to be attached to a solitary coral and possibly has more than one attachment point (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FEBEE69D7C9EDCE4" box="[354,437,693,718]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="81.[151,250,1913,1935]" captionTargetBox="[253,1329,193,1886]" captionTargetId="figure@81.[241,1346,193,1892]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURE 56. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Colony; B. Fragments examined. (A. Courtesy of Andrea Quattrini and the Lophelia II program, US BOEM and NOAA OER)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842401/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE6F17CA0DD10" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
Calyces and polyps occur along and around all of the branches. The largest space between two calyces is approximately
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but most are closer than that, and they are crowded together at the branch tip, making it clavate (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FF2AE7097C6CDD10" box="[246,327,801,826]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1994,2016]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,193,1960]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[182,1410,193,1975]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 57. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Largest fragment examined; B. Branch tip." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842403/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
A, B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE76D7982DD74" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" box="[199,1193,837,862]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">The fragments are in good condition with many intact polyps and the cortex is complete.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE7417C78DD8C" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF1BE7417C0FDDA8" bold="true" box="[199,292,873,898]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Colour:</emphasis>
Soon after collection the colony was recorded as white. The fragments of the
<typeStatus id="548988593E11FFE0FB47E74179D6DDA8" box="[1179,1277,873,898]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
examined are white in alcohol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE7997F57DAEC" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF1BE7997C86DDE0" bold="true" box="[199,429,945,970]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Polyps and calyces:</emphasis>
Calyces are mostly low cylinders, projecting usually at right angles from the branches and bearing large projecting sclerites (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FDCAE7FD7F41DDC4" box="[534,618,981,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
A). There are many smaller, probably juvenile polyps and calyces mixed amongst the larger ones (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FE6FE7D17F2EDA38" box="[435,517,1017,1042]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1994,2016]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,193,1960]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[182,1410,193,1975]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 57. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Largest fragment examined; B. Branch tip." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842403/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
A, B)—the larger calyces are approximately
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high while the juveniles are approximately 0.6–1.0 mm high. Calyces tend to be as wide or slightly wider than they are tall with larger calyx widths ranging from
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(juvenile calyces between
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wide). They have a very rough, prickly appearance due to the projecting sclerites and, although there are not true longitudinal ridges on the calyces, there is a slight tendency for the largest projecting sclerites to be arranged in longitudinal columns with the sclerites between the columns tending to be smaller.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE0FA790CD804" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
Most polyps are partly retracted so the base of the polyp head sits on the lip of the calyx and the polyp neck is not visible (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FEFCE0DD7CAADB24" box="[288,385,1269,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 57" captionStartId="82.[151,250,1994,2016]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,193,1960]" captionTargetId="figure@82.[182,1410,193,1975]" captionTargetPageId="82" captionText="FIGURE 57. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Largest fragment examined; B. Branch tip." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842403/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Figs. 57</figureCitation>
B; 58A). These polyps protrude approximately
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from the lip of the calyx with the juvenile polyps protruding only
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. Occasionally there are polyps fully retracted within the calyces with just a small round aperture obvious at the apex of a cone-shaped calyx (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FC69E1157923DB7C" box="[949,1032,1341,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
B). These calyces are approximately
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high. Only one polyp in the
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fragments examined is slightly extended, and this is only on one side of the polyp, otherwise there are no extended polyps. Polyp heads are approximately
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wide and are crowded with large sclerites arranged into a collaret and points (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FCB6E1817E97DBE8" box="[874,956,1449,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
A, C). Large sclerites project spectacularly from the points above the flat top of the polyp, which is formed where the tentacles fold over the mouth. Thus the polyp heads have imposing spiky peaks with the distinction between the points and the tentacle rachis being quite pronounced. There is a single row of 12 pinnules along each side of the tentacles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE21178B6D8C8" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF1BE2117CE2D878" bold="true" box="[199,457,1593,1618]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Medulla and Cortex:</emphasis>
The colony branches have a central medulla surrounded by a thin cortex. Both the medulla and cortex are comprised of tightly packed sclerites arranged longitudinally or obliquely. A ring of coelenteric canals, running longitudinally along the branches, surrounds the medulla, clearly separating it from the cortex (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E11FFE0FF30E28D7C15D894" box="[236,318,1701,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
D). The canals are adjacent to each other but do not seem to anastomose or join thus they are always discernible as separate canals. They do not form a true boundary space. There are no obvious canals in the medulla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE0FF1BE2C57C97D964" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">The gastric cavity of the polyps arranged along the branches terminates in a flat base at the medulla while the polyps at the branch ends are slightly more elongated with the gastric cavities extending internally down the branches a small distance.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E11FFE4FF1BE3717E8CDBF1" blockId="80.[151,1437,294,2014]" lastBlockId="84.[151,1437,1186,2003]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FF1BE3717C1ED958" bold="true" box="[199,309,1881,1906]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">Sclerites:</emphasis>
A robust covering of sclerites encases the colony pieces. Polyp heads have an impressive circlet of protruding spikes formed by large, more or less longitudinally arranged sclerites in the points, which grade from
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E11FFE0FA5DE3567DDBD990" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">en chevron</emphasis>
to transverse at the base of the polyp head to form a stout collaret, approximately 5–6 large sclerites in depth. The most common sclerite
<typeStatus id="548988593E11FFE0FDF5E3EE7F4FD9F4" box="[553,612,1990,2014]" pageId="80" pageNumber="81">types</typeStatus>
in the collaret and the base of the points are straight or slightly curved, sometimes clavate, sticks and spindles with simple tubercles (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FC89E08A7E80DA91" box="[853,939,1186,1211]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="84.[151,250,1125,1147]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,193,1097]" captionTargetId="figure@84.[151,1435,193,1104]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURE 59. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Simple point and collaret sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842407/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
). These sclerites mostly grade from
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long. At the top of the points there are large, bulky, slightly spiny thorn clubs projecting above and away from the polyp head. These sclerites (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FDDAE0C27F72DB29" box="[518,601,1258,1283]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="85.[151,250,1985,2007]" captionTargetBox="[205,1388,193,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@85.[185,1402,193,1963]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURE 60. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Bulbous point sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842409/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
) have a short, warty handle and a long, large head. The lower part of the head is bulbous and commonly narrows to a long end with small spiny projections. The handles are reasonably crowded with complex warts while around the bulbous middle of the sclerites there are usually low and fairly simple tubercles. Most of these bulky thorn clubs range in length from
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although there are smaller ones only reaching approximately
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long. On the single polyp which has some neck exposed, the neck region is covered in similar sclerites to the collaret, all transversely arranged. These are still quite large and crowded, surprisingly so considering the polyps can invaginate into the calyces.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D66733E10FFE1FF4BE3517FD8D984" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842401/files/figure.png" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" targetBox="[253,1329,193,1886]" targetPageId="81">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E10FFE1FF4BE3517FD8D984" blockId="81.[151,1435,1913,1966]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E10FFE1FF4BE3517C0AD9A5" bold="true" box="[151,289,1913,1935]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 56.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E10FFE1FEF4E3517F24D9A5" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[296,527,1913,1935]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E10FFE1FEF4E3517F24D9A5" box="[296,527,1913,1935]" italics="true" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E10FFE1FDC1E3517F7CD9A5" box="[541,599,1913,1935]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E10FFE1FDC1E3517F7CD9A5" bold="true" box="[541,599,1913,1935]" pageId="81" pageNumber="82">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: A. Colony; B. Fragments examined. (A. Courtesy of Andrea Quattrini and the Lophelia II program, US BOEM and NOAA OER).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E13FFE2FF4BE3E279BFD9CA" box="[151,1172,1994,2016]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842403/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" targetBox="[190,1402,193,1960]" targetPageId="82">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E13FFE2FF4BE3E279BFD9CA" blockId="82.[151,1172,1994,2016]" box="[151,1172,1994,2016]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E13FFE2FF4BE3E27C34D9CA" bold="true" box="[151,287,1994,2016]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">FIGURE 57.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E13FFE2FEF9E3E27F27D9CA" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1994,2016]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E13FFE2FEF9E3E27F27D9CA" box="[293,524,1994,2016]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E13FFE2FDC4E3E27F7AD9CA" box="[536,593,1994,2016]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E13FFE2FDC4E3E27F7AD9CA" bold="true" box="[536,593,1994,2016]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: A. Largest fragment examined; B. Branch tip.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E12FFE3FF4BE3A07FA2D997" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" targetPageId="83">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E12FFE3FF4BE3A07FA2D997" blockId="83.[151,1436,1928,1981]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E12FFE3FF4BE3A07C34D9B4" bold="true" box="[151,287,1928,1950]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">FIGURE 58.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E12FFE3FEF8E3A07F21D9B4" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[292,522,1928,1950]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E12FFE3FEF8E3A07F21D9B4" box="[292,522,1928,1950]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E12FFE3FDCAE3A07F64D9B4" box="[534,591,1928,1950]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E12FFE3FDCAE3A07F64D9B4" bold="true" box="[534,591,1928,1950]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E15FFE4FF4BE04D7908DA51" box="[151,1059,1125,1147]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842407/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" targetBox="[164,1424,193,1097]" targetPageId="84">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E15FFE4FF4BE04D7908DA51" blockId="84.[151,1059,1125,1147]" box="[151,1059,1125,1147]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E15FFE4FF4BE04D7C34DA51" bold="true" box="[151,287,1125,1147]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">FIGURE 59.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E15FFE4FEF9E04D7F27DA51" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1125,1147]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E15FFE4FEF9E04D7F27DA51" box="[293,524,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E15FFE4FDC4E04D7F7ADA51" box="[536,593,1125,1147]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E15FFE4FDC4E04D7F7ADA51" bold="true" box="[536,593,1125,1147]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: Simple point and collaret sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E15FFE4FF1BE1CF7F18D8A5" blockId="84.[151,1437,1186,2003]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
At the top of the polyp head where the tentacles fold over, there is an abrupt change in the form of the sclerites. The bulky thorn clubs from the points give away to slightly curved rods, with simple tubercles, arranged almost
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E15FFE4FA5DE2247DDBD86D" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">en chevron</emphasis>
along the aboral side of the tentacle rachis (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FD36E2067E16D86D" box="[746,829,1582,1607]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 61. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Tentacular and point sclerites in situ; B. Tentacle rachis sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842411/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
A). These sclerites tend to curve over the sides of the tentacle and they grade down to small rods arranged haphazardly at the very tip (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FB98E27A79B2D841" box="[1092,1177,1618,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 61. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Tentacular and point sclerites in situ; B. Tentacle rachis sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842411/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
B). The sclerites grade continuously from
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long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E15FFE4FF1BE2B2785ED935" blockId="84.[151,1437,1186,2003]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
The pinnules are tightly packed with longitudinally arranged, narrow sclerites (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FB96E2B2798BD899" box="[1098,1184,1690,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 62" captionStartId="87.[151,250,1212,1234]" captionTargetBox="[151,1432,193,1183]" captionTargetId="figure@87.[151,1435,193,1191]" captionTargetPageId="87" captionText="FIGURE 62. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype, sclerites: Pinnule." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842413/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
). The most distinctive
<typeStatus id="548988593E15FFE4FF4BE2977DECD8FD" box="[151,199,1727,1751]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">type</typeStatus>
is the spatulate club. They are long and narrow with a flattened spatulate tip positioned distad in the pinnules (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FF43E2CA7DC4D8D1" box="[159,239,1762,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="86.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1899]" captionTargetId="figure@86.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURE 61. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Tentacular and point sclerites in situ; B. Tentacle rachis sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842411/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
A) and range from
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in length. There are also small, straight, narrow sclerites with sparse, small tubercles and some flattened rods also with sparse tubercles; both these groups range from
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long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E15FFE7FF1BE3027873DB70" blockId="84.[151,1437,1186,2003]" lastBlockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" lastPageId="87" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
The calyces have three distinctive
<typeStatus id="548988593E15FFE4FD84E3037FB8D969" box="[600,659,1835,1859]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">types</typeStatus>
of sclerite. Firstly, large, bulbous, slightly spiny thorn clubs, some with a rounded head, some with spear tips (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FD56E3667FF4D94D" box="[650,735,1870,1895]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,373,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1435,373,1959]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 63. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Bulbous calyx sclerites (a. sclerites lacking a spear tip)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842415/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
), project out from the calyx giving it a very prickly, complex surface (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E15FFE4FF25E35A7C65D9A1" box="[249,334,1906,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
A). Many of these clubs are bent, with the projecting head arranged distally in the calyx. These sclerites have quite complex, crowded warts, particularly on the handle, while the head has sparse tubercles and small spines. Most of these are
<quantity id="4CCA9B1E3E15FFE4FE29E3927F50D9F8" box="[501,635,1978,2003]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.6 mm</quantity>
long, although there are some smaller, less developed ones. The second
<typeStatus id="548988593E16FFE7FF4BE0D27DECDB38" box="[151,199,1274,1298]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">type</typeStatus>
of calyx sclerites is much smaller sticks and rods, a few clavate, with simple to complex tubercles and these are only
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long (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FE18E1357F33DB1C" box="[452,536,1309,1334]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="89.[151,250,1984,2006]" captionTargetBox="[188,1385,193,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@89.[186,1393,193,1954]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURE 64. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Simple calyx sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842417/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
). All sclerites are mixed together on the calyx except for just below the lip where the large, bulbous sclerites cease and only the smaller sclerites are present, arranged haphazardly (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FB3EE169781EDB70" box="[1250,1333,1345,1370]" captionStart="FIGURE 58" captionStartId="83.[151,250,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[151,1435,193,1907]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURE 58. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Partly retracted polyp; B. Fully retracted polyp; C. Points and back of tentacles; D. Decalcified cross-section of branch." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842405/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D66733E14FFE5FF4BE3E97E98D9FD" box="[151,947,1985,2007]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842409/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" targetBox="[205,1388,193,1955]" targetPageId="85">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E14FFE5FF4BE3E97E98D9FD" blockId="85.[151,947,1985,2007]" box="[151,947,1985,2007]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E14FFE5FF4BE3E97C0BD9FD" bold="true" box="[151,288,1985,2007]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 60.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E14FFE5FEF9E3E97F27D9FD" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1985,2007]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E14FFE5FEF9E3E97F27D9FD" box="[293,524,1985,2007]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E14FFE5FDC4E3E97F7AD9FD" box="[536,593,1985,2007]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E14FFE5FDC4E3E97F7AD9FD" bold="true" box="[536,593,1985,2007]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: Bulbous point sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E17FFE6FF4BE3A0785FD9B4" box="[151,1396,1928,1950]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842411/files/figure.png" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1899]" targetPageId="86">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E17FFE6FF4BE3A0785FD9B4" blockId="86.[151,1396,1928,1950]" box="[151,1396,1928,1950]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E17FFE6FF4BE3A07C34D9B4" bold="true" box="[151,287,1928,1950]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 61.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E17FFE6FEF9E3A07F27D9B4" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1928,1950]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E17FFE6FEF9E3A07F27D9B4" box="[293,524,1928,1950]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E17FFE6FDC4E3A07F7AD9B4" box="[536,593,1928,1950]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E17FFE6FDC4E3A07F7AD9B4" bold="true" box="[536,593,1928,1950]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: A. Tentacular and point sclerites in situ; B. Tentacle rachis sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E16FFE7FF4BE0947E53DAF8" box="[151,888,1212,1234]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842413/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" targetBox="[151,1432,193,1183]" targetPageId="87">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF4BE0947E53DAF8" blockId="87.[151,888,1212,1234]" box="[151,888,1212,1234]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FF4BE0947C34DAF8" bold="true" box="[151,287,1212,1234]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">FIGURE 62.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E16FFE7FEF9E0947F27DAF8" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1212,1234]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FEF9E0947F27DAF8" box="[293,524,1212,1234]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E16FFE7FDC4E0947F7ADAF8" box="[536,593,1212,1234]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FDC4E0947F7ADAF8" bold="true" box="[536,593,1212,1234]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, sclerites: Pinnule.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF1BE14D7FBCDBEC" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
Small (0.5–
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long), narrow rodlets with sparse simple tubercles, often in girdles, occur in the pharynx (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FF43E1A17DDFDB88" box="[159,244,1417,1442]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1402,1424]" captionTargetBox="[172,1417,193,1374]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[151,1435,193,1380]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 65. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Pharyngeal sclerites; B. In situ arrangement of pharyngeal sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842419/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
A). Overall they are not prolific; however they tend to occur more densely in line with the mesenterial attachments than in between them (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FDFFE1857F5CDBEC" box="[547,631,1453,1478]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="90.[151,250,1402,1424]" captionTargetBox="[172,1417,193,1374]" captionTargetId="figure@90.[151,1435,193,1380]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURE 65. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Pharyngeal sclerites; B. In situ arrangement of pharyngeal sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842419/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 65</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF1BE1F9798AD8B4" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
The cortex sclerites tend not to be thorn clubs with pointed tips as in the calyx, but more commonly are rounded, swollen sclerites covered in large, complex warts (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FCEEE1DD7EAFD824" box="[818,900,1525,1550]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="91.[151,250,2008,2030]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,193,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[164,1426,193,1979]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 66. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Bulbous cortex sclerites; B. Simple cortex sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842421/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
A). The rounded ends of the sclerites project out from the surface of the colony. There tends to be a gradient from the largest bulbous sclerites, with the dense covering of complex warts (approximately
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long), to narrower sticks and spindles, also with complex warts, right through to long sticks and spindles with simple tubercles (approximately
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) (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FAFAE2497857D850" box="[1318,1404,1633,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="91.[151,250,2008,2030]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,193,1975]" captionTargetId="figure@91.[164,1426,193,1979]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURE 66. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: A. Bulbous cortex sclerites; B. Simple cortex sclerites." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842421/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
B). These sclerites are mixed together in the cortex with no discernible order to their placement.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF1BE2817938D904" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
The medulla sclerites resemble the simple sclerites from the cortex. There is a mixture of straight sticks and spindles with sparse, simple tubercles through to those with a denser arrangement of complex warts (
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E16FFE7FB20E2E5787BD8CC" box="[1276,1360,1741,1766]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[176,1412,193,1955]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[172,1415,193,1961]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 67. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype, sclerites: Medulla." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842423/files/figure.png" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
). Most of the sclerites with sparse tubercles range from
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long but there are larger sclerites, up to
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long. The sclerites with more complex warts and knobs range from
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long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF1BE3117EF2D978" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" box="[199,985,1849,1874]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">The sclerites are all translucent and colourless under transmitted light.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32865703E16FFE7FF1BE3757CB7D9B3" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF1BE3757F76D95C" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" box="[199,605,1885,1910]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FF1BE3757C49D95C" bold="true" box="[199,354,1885,1910]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Distribution:</emphasis>
Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="49F6F8193E16FFE7FE1EE3757F31D95C" box="[450,538,1885,1910]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<collectingCountry id="F325766B3E16FFE7FE1EE3757F31D95C" box="[450,538,1885,1910]" name="Mexico" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Mexico</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F325766B3E16FFE7FDF9E3767F76D95C" box="[549,605,1886,1910]" name="United States of America" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">USA</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE7FF1BE3A97CB7D9B3" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" box="[199,412,1921,1946]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FF1BE3A97C32D9B0" bold="true" box="[199,281,1921,1946]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Depth:</emphasis>
522 metres
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32865703E16FFEAFF1BE38D7832D912" lastPageId="90" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E16FFE8FF1BE38D7996DF15" blockId="87.[151,1437,1273,2018]" lastBlockId="88.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="88" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FF1BE38D7C16D994" bold="true" box="[199,317,1957,1982]" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Remarks:</emphasis>
This specimen was first separated from the other
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E16FFE7FC50E38D792CD994" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[908,1031,1957,1982]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E16FFE7FC50E38D792CD994" box="[908,1031,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens using molecular results shared with the first author by Andrea Quattrini (Temple University,
<collectingCountry id="F325766B3E16FFE7FBD7E3E27963D9C8" box="[1035,1096,1994,2018]" name="United States of America" pageId="87" pageNumber="88">USA</collectingCountry>
). Subsequent morphological investigation supported this separation due to the distinctive bulbous sclerites present in the calyx and surface of this specimen, not found in any other
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E19FFE8FD8FE4947FE5DEFF" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[595,718,188,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E19FFE8FD8FE4947FE5DEFF" box="[595,718,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. The basic characteristics of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E19FFE8FB29E494785BDEFF" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[1269,1392,188,213]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E19FFE8FB29E494785BDEFF" box="[1269,1392,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are present, such as: the spatulate clubs crowded in the pinnules, sticks and spindles placed longitudinally (to
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E19FFE8FA5DE4C97DDBDF37" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">en chevron</emphasis>
) along the aboral side of the tentacle rachis, adjacent boundary canals separating the medulla and cortex, an absence of obvious internal medullary coelenteric canals, and multiple branch anastomoses.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4D66733E19FFE8FF4BE39479DCD9F8" box="[151,1271,1980,2002]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842415/files/figure.png" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" targetBox="[161,1435,373,1950]" targetPageId="88">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E19FFE8FF4BE39479DCD9F8" blockId="88.[151,1271,1980,2002]" box="[151,1271,1980,2002]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E19FFE8FF4BE3947C0BD9F8" bold="true" box="[151,288,1980,2002]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">FIGURE 63.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E19FFE8FEF9E3947F27D9F8" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1980,2002]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E19FFE8FEF9E3947F27D9F8" box="[293,524,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E19FFE8FDC4E3947F7AD9F8" bold="true" box="[536,593,1980,2002]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E19FFE8FDC4E3947F7AD9F8" box="[536,593,1980,2002]" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype: Bulbous calyx sclerites (a. sclerites lacking a spear tip).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E18FFE9FF4BE3E87E82D9FC" box="[151,937,1984,2006]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842417/files/figure.png" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" targetBox="[188,1385,193,1941]" targetPageId="89">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E18FFE9FF4BE3E87E82D9FC" blockId="89.[151,937,1984,2006]" box="[151,937,1984,2006]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E18FFE9FF4BE3E87C34D9FC" bold="true" box="[151,287,1984,2006]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">FIGURE 64.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E18FFE9FEF9E3E87F27D9FC" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1984,2006]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E18FFE9FEF9E3E87F27D9FC" box="[293,524,1984,2006]" italics="true" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E18FFE9FDC4E3E87F7AD9FC" box="[536,593,1984,2006]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E18FFE9FDC4E3E87F7AD9FC" bold="true" box="[536,593,1984,2006]" pageId="89" pageNumber="90">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: Simple calyx sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4D66733E1BFFEAFF4BE15278BBDBBA" box="[151,1424,1402,1424]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842419/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" targetBox="[172,1417,193,1374]" targetPageId="90">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E1BFFEAFF4BE15278BBDBBA" blockId="90.[151,1424,1402,1424]" box="[151,1424,1402,1424]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFF4BE1527C34DBBA" bold="true" box="[151,287,1402,1424]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">FIGURE 65.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFEF9E1527F27DBBA" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[293,524,1402,1424]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFEF9E1527F27DBBA" box="[293,524,1402,1424]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Anthothela quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFDC4E1527F7ADBBA" box="[536,593,1402,1424]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFDC4E1527F7ADBBA" bold="true" box="[536,593,1402,1424]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype: A. Pharyngeal sclerites; B. In situ arrangement of pharyngeal sclerites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E1BFFEAFF1BE1907CCED93E" blockId="90.[151,1436,1463,1956]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFF1BE1907C48DBE5" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[199,355,1464,1487]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFF1BE1907C48DBE5" box="[199,355,1464,1487]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFEB6E19F7C82DBFA" box="[362,425,1463,1488]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFEB6E19F7C82DBFA" bold="true" box="[362,425,1463,1488]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is probably most closely related to the sympatric species
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFBECE19F7836DBFA" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[1072,1309,1463,1488]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFBECE19F7836DBFA" box="[1072,1309,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Anthothela tropicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which also has thorn clubs in the calyx and cortex. The
<typeStatus id="548988593E1BFFEAFD77E1F37E33DBDE" box="[683,792,1499,1524]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
from both
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFC7DE1F47905DBDE" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[929,1070,1499,1524]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFC7DE1F47905DBDE" box="[929,1070,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFBB1E1F47826DBD9" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[1133,1293,1500,1523]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFBB1E1F47826DBD9" box="[1133,1293,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFACBE1F37871DBDE" box="[1303,1370,1499,1524]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFACBE1F37871DBDE" bold="true" box="[1303,1370,1499,1524]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
were collected from similar geographic locations. However, the bulbous nature of the thorn clubs in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFB67E228787CD83D" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[1211,1367,1536,1559]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFB67E228787CD83D" box="[1211,1367,1536,1559]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFA81E1D778B7D832" box="[1373,1436,1535,1560]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFA81E1D778B7D832" bold="true" box="[1373,1436,1535,1560]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
distinguishes the species from
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFE31E20C7F5DD816" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[493,630,1571,1596]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFE31E20C7F5DD816" box="[493,630,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has narrow, pointed thorn clubs (see
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E1BFFEAFBBCE20B7984D816" box="[1120,1199,1571,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="88.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,373,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@88.[151,1435,373,1959]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURE 63. Anthothela quattriniae, n. sp., holotype: Bulbous calyx sclerites (a. sclerites lacking a spear tip)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842415/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
cf.
<figureCitation id="13092A7E3E1BFFEAFB04E20B7800D811" box="[1240,1323,1571,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="62.[151,250,1976,1998]" captionTargetBox="[184,1416,193,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@62.[175,1418,193,1948]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURE 38. Anthothela tropicalis Bayer, 1961, holotype, calyx sclerites: A. Thorn clubs; B. Spindles and sticks." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/842365/files/figure.png" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
). The size of sclerites may also be informative, however, unfortunately the fragment of the
<typeStatus id="548988593E1BFFEAFBC5E26F7950D84A" box="[1049,1147,1607,1632]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFB43E2607803D84A" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[1183,1320,1607,1632]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFB43E2607803D84A" box="[1183,1320,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
examined here is very small, has many broken sclerites, and has only a single polyp, so comparisons of size of polyps and sclerites are prone to possible misinterpretation. No other specimen examined displayed the bulbous sclerites of
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFA58E2B87C3FD8E1" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFA58E2B87C3FD8E1" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFEC0E29B7C76D8E6" box="[284,349,1715,1740]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFEC0E29B7C76D8E6" bold="true" box="[284,349,1715,1740]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
Unfortunately, no specimens with the same morphological characteristics as
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFB0DE29C7877D8E6" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" box="[1233,1372,1715,1740]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFB0DE29C7877D8E6" box="[1233,1372,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were available for molecular studies, but future comparisons of DNA sequences from
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFB88E2F079DFD8C5" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[1108,1268,1752,1775]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFB88E2F079DFD8C5" box="[1108,1268,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFADCE2FF786FD8DA" box="[1280,1348,1751,1776]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFADCE2FF786FD8DA" bold="true" box="[1280,1348,1751,1776]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFA58E2F07C2AD93E" authorityName="Bayer" authorityYear="1961" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tropicalis">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFA58E2F07C2AD93E" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. tropicalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be elucidatory.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E1BFFEAFF1BE3377832D912" blockId="90.[151,1436,1463,1956]" box="[199,1305,1823,1848]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
Other known
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFEBDE3377CF7D912" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[353,476,1823,1848]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFEBDE3377CF7D912" box="[353,476,1823,1848]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species all lack the bulbous spear-spindles present in
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFBEBE30879F8D91D" authority="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller, 2017" authorityName="Moore &amp; Alderslade &amp; Miller" authorityYear="2017" box="[1079,1235,1824,1847]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="quattriniae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFBEBE30879F8D91D" box="[1079,1235,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">A. quattriniae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557923E1BFFEAFB06E3377832D912" box="[1242,1305,1823,1848]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFB06E3377832D912" bold="true" box="[1242,1305,1823,1848]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32865703E1BFFEAFF1BE36B7E86D98E" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8D36FB3E1BFFEAFF1BE36B7E86D98E" blockId="90.[151,1436,1463,1956]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFF1BE36B7C7AD976" bold="true" box="[199,337,1859,1884]" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Etymology:</emphasis>
The species was named in honour of Andrea Quattrini, then a fellow student from Temple University,
<collectingRegion id="49F6F8193E1BFFEAFEC5E34F7CA5D9AA" box="[281,398,1895,1920]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F325766B3E1BFFEAFE45E34F7CFFD955" box="[409,468,1895,1919]" name="United States of America" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">USA</collectingCountry>
, who recognised specimens she was working on were potentially
<taxonomicName id="4C324D783E1BFFEAFB68E34F7804D9AA" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1879" box="[1204,1327,1895,1920]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthothelidae" genus="Anthothela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="90" pageNumber="91" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B946EAE93E1BFFEAFB68E34F7804D9AA" box="[1204,1327,1895,1920]" italics="true" pageId="90" pageNumber="91">Anthothela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and then shared these specimens and their DNA sequences with the first author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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