918 lines
106 KiB
XML
918 lines
106 KiB
XML
<document id="4F1B976771EF09ECE574B424DF82163E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.198735" ID-GBIF-Dataset="08d3d60e-f0e9-40ab-9eec-d5105e6b56f7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="198735" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460312460400" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Larsen, Peter A., Marchán-Rivadeneira, María R. & Baker, Robert J." docDate="2010" docId="039B87B1FF807D7B7BB8F88B69C33B6E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02648p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2648" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Artibeus aequatorialis Andersen 1906" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="FFA2FFC9FF867D717B2FFFAE6978391C" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic status of Andersen’s fruit-eating bat (Artibeus jamaicensis aequatorialis) and revised classification of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698254492262" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="29A3CCADDAB873212FE6688E20300D8E">
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<mods:title id="C196B9C6A89336D70E6AF87EBFA4B26C">Taxonomic status of Andersen’s fruit-eating bat (Artibeus jamaicensis aequatorialis) and revised classification of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DA2A0850F2A2B5E23EB870B66C365731" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5278719F577E51E521CEC7246D98E526">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D83FE55F30E92F36495575B6F3220C5D">Larsen, Peter A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="CB94D654E8AE47F2B04ED5350E22D0AD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA5116D806904471BCC593314037C2D9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="3A74F7E296A0AB22D96AE42D8FFAE72A">Marchán-Rivadeneira, María R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="2A52E46D4A7CE9B1FC9F05962853CF7D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9FD8F195FA6D39D2153F3DEBE7BC857E">Baker, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3D7922FA034EA3FE896EEE93DD3F1758">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="703B1F8E11E96CB9BF705B143FD0BF08">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="5F2104EF2C2DFD897E47A82C28EB1969">
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<mods:date id="410C11D739EE3E488F166A6BE41D920F">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="93B3415E3420A07EE766C180F93933B5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="82783A80F2FAAFAD9915EBD4A984F8BC">2648</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="5049568DDC3CDA05B93E5357A7136618">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D7D92B304B64625E3DEB47E421BBBF93" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.198735</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26D6BC0617D7406B2784DFC346CCF6CE" type="GBIF-Dataset">08d3d60e-f0e9-40ab-9eec-d5105e6b56f7</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6A856D733A21E0F5015B7AD915150ED0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1F29241F7A6CF8BE296FE3B61DB01366" type="Zenodo-Dep">198735</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039B87B1FF807D7B7BB8F88B69C33B6E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5684644" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119401033" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5684644" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B87B1FF807D7B7BB8F88B69C33B6E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B87B1FF807D7B7BB8F88B69C33B6E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
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<subSubSection id="C328652CFF807D777BB8F88B68A43E7E" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF807D777BB8F88B6B143E23" blockId="6.[151,620,1829,1890]" box="[151,620,1829,1855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="D0C581CBFF807D777BB8F88B6B143E23" bold="true" box="[151,620,1829,1855]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF807D777BB8F88B6B143E23" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" authority="Andersen, 1906" authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,620,1829,1855]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777BB8F88B6B143E23" bold="true" box="[151,620,1829,1855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777BB8F88B68DB3E23" bold="true" box="[151,419,1829,1855]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Artibeus aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF807D777A85F88B6B143E23" author="Andersen" box="[426,620,1829,1855]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" refString="Andersen, K. (1906) Brief diagnoses of a new genus and ten new forms of stenodermatous bats. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 18, 419 - 423." type="journal article" year="1906">Andersen, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF807D777BB8F8E668A43E7E" blockId="6.[151,620,1829,1890]" box="[151,476,1864,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328652CFF807D777BB8F83C6A843EF5" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF807D777BB8F83C6BC23EB5" blockId="6.[151,1020,1938,2025]" box="[151,698,1938,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF807D777BB8F83C6BC23EB5" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" authority="Andersen, 1906" authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,698,1938,1961]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="jamaicensis" subSpecies="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777BB8F83C6B723EB5" box="[151,522,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Artibeus jamaicensis aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF807D77793EF83C6BC23EB5" author="Andersen" box="[529,698,1938,1961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" refString="Andersen, K. (1906) Brief diagnoses of a new genus and ten new forms of stenodermatous bats. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 18, 419 - 423." type="journal article" year="1906">Andersen, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF807D777BB8F81C6BC23ED5" blockId="6.[151,1020,1938,2025]" box="[151,698,1970,1993]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF807D777BB8F81C6BC23ED5" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" authority="Andersen, 1908" authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,698,1970,1993]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="jamaicensis" subSpecies="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777BB8F81C6B723ED5" box="[151,522,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">Artibeus jamaicensis aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF807D77793EF81C6BC23ED5" author="Andersen" box="[529,698,1970,1993]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" refString="Andersen, K. (1908) A monograph of the chiropteran genera Uroderma, Enchistenes, and Artibeus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1908, 204 - 319." type="proceedings paper" year="1908">Andersen, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF807D777BB8F87C6A843EF5" blockId="6.[151,1020,1938,2025]" box="[151,1020,2002,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777BB8F87C69DF3EF5" box="[151,167,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">A</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777B9FF87C69823EF5" box="[176,250,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">rtibeus</emphasis>
|
||
].
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777A3FF87C686F3EF5" box="[272,279,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">l</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777A0FF87C680B3EF5" box="[288,371,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">ituratus</emphasis>
|
||
].
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF807D777AA5F87C6A5C3EF5" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" authority="Hershkovitz, 1949: 447" authorityName="Hershkovitz" authorityPageNumber="447" authorityYear="1949" box="[394,804,2002,2025]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF807D777AA5F87C6B603EF5" box="[394,536,2002,2025]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="51">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF807D777909F87C6B963EF5" author="Hershkovitz" box="[550,750,2002,2025]" pageId="6" pageNumber="51" refString="Hershkovitz, P. (1949) Mammals of northern Colombia. Preliminary reports no. 5: bats (Chiroptera). Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 99, 429 - 454." type="journal article" year="1949">Hershkovitz, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 447
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; name combination.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328652CFF817D767BB8FF396ACD39CB" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BB8FF396ACD39CB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BB8FF39686839AD" bold="true" box="[151,272,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54898805FF817D767BB8FF39687339AD" box="[151,267,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED23AE62FF817D767A38FF36681739AE" box="[279,367,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
0.2.9.13: adult male, skin and skull; collected by Perry
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D7678D2FF366D6D39AE" box="[1021,1045,152,178]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Simons, no. 395,
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF817D767FC1FF366CF639AE" box="[1262,1422,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" value="1899-06-17">17 June 1899</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BEAFF13681239CB" bold="true" box="[197,362,189,215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54898805FF817D767BEAFF13687A39CB" box="[197,258,189,215]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767A5DFF1368A039CB" box="[370,472,189,215]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Department of El Oro, Zaruma;
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF817D767873FF136ACA39CB" box="[860,946,189,215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328652CFF817D767BEAFF4C6BA438AB" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BEAFF4C6BA438AB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BEAFF4C681E39E0" bold="true" box="[197,358,226,252]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
West of the Andes Mountains from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D7678AAFF4C6AC639E0" box="[901,958,226,252]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, northward throughout western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767E16FF4C6CE339E0" box="[1337,1435,226,252]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767B99FEA66853383E" box="[182,299,264,290]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13092A22FF817D767A12FEA668FE383E" box="[317,390,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,259,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[201,1367,189,1792]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[191,1382,178,1809]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of the distribution of Artibeus aequatorialis. Star indicates the type locality of A. aequatorialis (Zaruma [3 ° 40 ' 60 " S, 79 ° 37 ' 0 " W], Ecuador). The distributional range is based on literature references (hollow squares; Andersen 1906 and Marques-Aguiar 2008) and specimens examined in the Species Account (star and solid squares). The northernmost (western Colombia; Valle del Cauca, Cali [3 ° 26 ' 14 " N, 76 ° 31 ' 21 " W], and Rio Raposo [3 ° 43 ' 0 " N, 77 ° 7 ' 60 " W]) and southernmost (western Peru; Tumbes, Faical [3 ° 44 ' 57 " S, 80 ° 45 ' 2 " W]) extent of A. aequatorialis remains to be defined. Shaded areas represent areas of the Andes Mountains higher than 1800 meters." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198737/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The northernmost and southernmost distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767F24FEA66DB3383D" box="[1035,1227,264,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767F24FEA66DB3383D" box="[1035,1227,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767FDBFEA66C11383E" box="[1268,1385,264,290]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767BB8FE8369A8385B" box="[151,208,301,327]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, respectively, is unknown. Elevation ranges from
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF817D767831FE836A2A385B" box="[798,850,301,327]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="22.0">22m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D76784DFE836AB2385B" box="[866,970,301,327]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Guayas) to
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF817D767F71FE836DC0385B" box="[1118,1208,301,327]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1059999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1106.0">1,106m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767FE8FE836C57385B" box="[1223,1327,301,327]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: El Oro). This species seems to exploit a variety of habitats, ranging from the dry forests of northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767FE7FEFC6D863870" box="[1224,1278,338,364]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767BB8FED66981388E" box="[151,249,376,402]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
to the tropical forests of the Chocó in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767995FED66A4A388E" box="[698,818,376,402]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Occurs sympatrically with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767F57FED66C1A388D" box="[1144,1378,376,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767F57FED66C1A388D" box="[1144,1378,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Artibeus fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and/ or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767B99FE33684238AA" box="[182,314,413,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767B99FE33684238AA" box="[182,314,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
throughout most of its distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF4D662FFF817D767BB8FE496A023B63" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BB8FE496A023B63" blockId="7.[151,1436,487,639]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BB8FE49687638E3" bold="true" box="[151,270,487,511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">TABLE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Revised classification of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767901FE466BF338E3" box="[558,651,488,511]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767901FE466BF338E3" box="[558,651,488,511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Artibeus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Asterisk indicates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767848FE466A8938E3" box="[871,1009,488,511]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767848FE466A8938E3" box="[871,1009,488,511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. schwartzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be of hybrid origin (Larsen
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767E4BFE466CE438E3" box="[1380,1436,488,511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010).
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BCDFDA66B343B03" box="[226,588,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BCDFDA668BC3B03" box="[226,452,520,543]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">Artibeus jamaicensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767AE2FDA66B3F3B03" box="[461,583,520,543]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">A. lituratus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767951FDA66B843B03" box="[638,764,520,543]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767951FDA66B843B03" box="[638,764,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. obscurus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in bold, indicating potential unrecognized species diversity within Mexican, Central American, and Brazilian populations, respectively (see Guerrero
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767F46FD866DD83B23" box="[1129,1184,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004, Davis 1984, and Redondo
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A2CFDE668453B43" box="[259,317,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008). Note: Simmons (2005) incorrectly cited Allen (1897) for the description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767FDFFDE66C1A3B43" box="[1264,1378,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">palmarum</emphasis>
|
||
. The original description of
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767AA5FDC668803B63" box="[394,504,616,639]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">palmarum</emphasis>
|
||
was by Allen and Chapman (1897).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328652CFF817D7B7BB8FD056AEE3B1E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BB8FD0568BE3BDE" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[151,454,683,706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BCDFD0568BE3BDE" ID-CoL="62CJH" authority="Leach, 1821" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[226,454,683,706]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BCDFD0568443BDE" box="[226,316,683,706]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Artibeus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A6CFD0568BE3BDE" author="Leach" box="[323,454,683,706]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Leach, W. E. (1821) The characters of seven genera of bats with foliaceous appendages to the nose. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 13, 73 - 82." type="journal article" year="1821">Leach, 1821</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FD656B1C3BFE" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,612,715,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FD656B1C3BFE" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" authority="Andersen, 1906" authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1906" box="[198,612,715,738]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FD6568CD3BFE" box="[198,437,715,738]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Artibeus aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A93FD656B1C3BFE" author="Andersen" box="[444,612,715,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, K. (1906) Brief diagnoses of a new genus and ten new forms of stenodermatous bats. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 18, 419 - 423." type="journal article" year="1906">Andersen, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FD4568AA3A1E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,466,747,770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FD4568AA3A1E" ID-CoL="7R5Z6" authority="Handley, 1987" authorityName="Handley" authorityYear="1987" box="[198,466,747,770]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="amplus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FD4568493A1E" box="[198,305,747,770]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. amplus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A18FD4568AA3A1E" author="Handley" box="[311,466,747,770]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Handley, C. O., Jr. (1987) New species of mammals from northern South America: fruit-eating bats, genus Artibeus Leach. Fieldiana, Zoology, 39, 163 - 172." type="journal article" year="1987">Handley, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FCA568B53A3E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,461,779,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FCA568B53A3E" ID-CoL="86CSC" authority="Peters, 1865" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1865" box="[198,461,779,802]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Koopmania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="concolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FCA5683B3A3E" box="[198,323,779,802]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. concolor</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A66FCA568B53A3E" author="Peters" box="[329,461,779,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Peters, W. (1865) Uber Flederthiere (Vespertilio soricinus Pallas, Choeronycteris Lichtenst., Rhinophylla pumilio nov. gen., Artibeus fallax nov. sp., A. concolor nov. sp., Dermanura quadrivattatum nov. sp., Nycteris grandis n. sp.). Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussichen Akademie der Wissenshalften zu Berlin, 1866, 351 - 359." type="journal article" year="1865">Peters, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FC8568B63A5E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,462,811,834]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FC8568B63A5E" ID-CoL="7R5Z8" authority="Gray, 1838" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1838" box="[198,462,811,834]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FC85682A3A5E" box="[198,338,811,834]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. fimbriatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A77FC8568B63A5E" author="Gray" box="[344,462,811,834]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Gray, J. E. (1838) A revision of the genera of bats (Vespertilionidae), and the description of some new genera and species. Magazine of Zoology and Botany, 2, 483 - 505." type="journal article" year="1838">Gray, 1838</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FCE568843A7E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,508,843,866]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FCE568843A7E" ID-CoL="7R5Z9" authority="Anthony, 1924" authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[198,508,843,866]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FCE568203A7E" box="[198,344,843,866]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A71FCE568843A7E" author="Anthony" box="[350,508,843,866]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Anthony, H. E. (1924) Preliminary report on Ecuadorean mammals. No. 4. American Museum Novitates, 114, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1924">Anthony, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FCC568913A9E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,489,875,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FCC568913A9E" ID-CoL="7R5ZB" authority="Andersen, 1906" authorityName="Andersen" authorityYear="1906" box="[198,489,875,898]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FCC568423A9E" box="[198,314,875,898]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. hirsutus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A6FFCC568913A9E" author="Andersen" box="[320,489,875,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, K. (1906) Brief diagnoses of a new genus and ten new forms of stenodermatous bats. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 18, 419 - 423." type="journal article" year="1906">Andersen, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FC256B293ABE" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,593,907,930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FC256B293ABE" ID-CoL="7R5ZC" authority="Davis and Carter, 1964" authorityName="Davis and Carter" authorityYear="1964" box="[198,593,907,930]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="inopinatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FC25682D3ABE" box="[198,341,907,930]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. inopinatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A74FC256B293ABE" author="Davis" box="[347,593,907,930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Davis, W. B. & Carter, D. C. (1964) A new species of fruit-eating bat (genus Artibeus) from Central America. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 77, 119 - 121." type="journal article" year="1964">Davis and Carter, 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FC0568883ADE" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,496,939,963]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FC0568883ADE" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" authority="Leach, 1821" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[198,496,939,963]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FC05681E3ADF" bold="true" box="[198,358,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A42FC0568883ADE" author="Leach" box="[365,496,939,962]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Leach, W. E. (1821) The characters of seven genera of bats with foliaceous appendages to the nose. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 13, 73 - 82." type="journal article" year="1821">Leach, 1821</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767A27FC656B703D3E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FC65684C3AFE" box="[264,308,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. j.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767A15FC656B3A3AFE" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" authority="Leach, 1821" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1821" box="[314,578,971,994]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A15FC6568C03AFE" box="[314,440,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A91FC656B3A3AFE" author="Leach" box="[446,578,971,994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Leach, W. E. (1821) The characters of seven genera of bats with foliaceous appendages to the nose. The Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 13, 73 - 82." type="journal article" year="1821">Leach, 1821</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FC4568EE3D1E" box="[264,406,1003,1026]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. j. parvipes</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767AB3FC456B6F3D1E" author="Rehn" box="[412,535,1003,1026]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1902) Three new American bats. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 54, 638 - 641." type="journal article" year="1902">Rehn, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FBA568F93D3E" box="[264,385,1035,1058]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. j. paulus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767AA7FBA56B703D3E" author="Davis" box="[392,520,1035,1058]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Davis, W. B. (1970) The large fruit bats (genus Artibeus) of middle America, with a review of the Artibeus jamaicensis complex. Journal of Mammalogy, 51, 105 - 122." type="journal article" year="1970">Davis, 1970</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767A27FB856B113D9E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767A27FB856B413D5E" ID-CoL="5FSQ7" authority="Allen, 1908" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1908" box="[264,569,1067,1090]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="jamaicensis" subSpecies="richardsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FB8568CD3D5E" box="[264,437,1067,1090]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. j. richardsoni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A93FB856B413D5E" author="Allen" box="[444,569,1067,1090]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Allen, J. A. (1908) Mammals from Nicaragua. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 24, 647 - 670." type="journal article" year="1908">Allen, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767A27FBE56B383D7E" ID-CoL="7JBNC" authority="Handley, 1966" authorityName="Handley" authorityYear="1966" box="[264,576,1099,1122]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="jamaicensis" subSpecies="triomylus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FBE568E73D7E" box="[264,415,1099,1122]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. j. triomylus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A8AFBE56B383D7E" author="Handley" box="[421,576,1099,1122]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Handley, C. O., Jr. (1966) Descriptions of new bats (Chiroderma and Artibeus) from Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 36, 297 - 301." type="journal article" year="1966">Handley, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FBC568C13D9E" box="[264,441,1131,1154]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. j. yucatanicus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767AEFFBC56B113D9E" author="Andersen" box="[448,617,1131,1154]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, K. (1908) A monograph of the chiropteran genera Uroderma, Enchistenes, and Artibeus. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1908, 204 - 319." type="proceedings paper" year="1908">Andersen, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FB2568993DBE" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,481,1163,1187]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FB2568993DBE" ID-CoL="7R5ZG" authority="Olfers, 1818" authorityName="Olfers" authorityYear="1818" box="[198,481,1163,1187]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FB25683A3DBF" bold="true" box="[198,322,1163,1187]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A7EFB2568A03DBE" author="Olfers" box="[337,472,1163,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Olfers, I. von. (1818) Bemerkungen zu Illiger's Ueberblick der Saugthiere, nach ihrer Vertheilung uber die Welttheile, rucksichtlich der Sudamericanischen Arten (Species). In Journal von Brasilien, oder vermischte Nachrichten aus Brasilien, auf wissenschaftlichen Reisen gesammelt, W. L. Exchwege, 192 - 237. In Neue Bibliothek der wichtisgsten Reisebeschreibungen zur Erweiterung der Erd - und Volkerkunde; in Verbindung mit einigen anderen Gelehrten gesammelt und herausgegeben, ed. F. I. Bertuch. Weimar: Verlage des Landes - Industrie - Comptoirs, 15, xii + 304 pp., 6 pls." type="book chapter" year="1818">Olfers, 1818</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767A27FB056BBE3C3E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FB0568C03DDE" box="[264,440,1195,1218]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. l. intermedius</emphasis>
|
||
Allen, 1897
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FB6568DB3DFE" box="[264,419,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. l. koopmani</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A86FB656B403DFE" author="Wilson" box="[425,568,1227,1250]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Wilson, D. E. (1991) Mammals of the Tres Marias Islands. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 206, 214 - 250." type="journal article" year="1991">Wilson, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FB45684B3C1E" box="[264,307,1259,1282]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. l.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767A15FB456B583C1E" ID-CoL="7R5ZG" authority="Olfers, 1818" authorityName="Olfers" authorityYear="1818" box="[314,544,1259,1282]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A15FB4568EC3C1E" box="[314,404,1259,1282]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767AB4FB456B583C1E" author="Olfers" box="[411,544,1259,1282]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Olfers, I. von. (1818) Bemerkungen zu Illiger's Ueberblick der Saugthiere, nach ihrer Vertheilung uber die Welttheile, rucksichtlich der Sudamericanischen Arten (Species). In Journal von Brasilien, oder vermischte Nachrichten aus Brasilien, auf wissenschaftlichen Reisen gesammelt, W. L. Exchwege, 192 - 237. In Neue Bibliothek der wichtisgsten Reisebeschreibungen zur Erweiterung der Erd - und Volkerkunde; in Verbindung mit einigen anderen Gelehrten gesammelt und herausgegeben, ed. F. I. Bertuch. Weimar: Verlage des Landes - Industrie - Comptoirs, 15, xii + 304 pp., 6 pls." type="book chapter" year="1818">Olfers, 1818</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FAA568D03C3E" box="[264,424,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. l. palmarum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A81FAA56BBE3C3E" author="Allen" box="[430,710,1291,1314]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Allen, J. A. & Chapman, F. M. (1897) On mammals from Yucatan, with descriptions of new species. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 9, 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="1897">Allen and Chapman, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FA8568943C5E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,492,1323,1347]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FA8568943C5E" ID-CoL="7R5ZH" authority="Schinz, 1821" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1821" box="[198,492,1323,1347]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FA8568313C5F" bold="true" box="[198,329,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. obscurus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A78FA85689C3C5E" author="Schinz" box="[343,484,1323,1346]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Schinz, H. R. (1821) Das Thierreich eingetheilt nach dem Bauder Thiere als Grundlage ihrer Naturgeschichte und dervergleichenden Anatomie von dem Herm Ritter von Cuvier. Volume 1. Saugethiere und Vogel, Stuttgart and Tubingen, Germany." type="book" year="1821">Schinz, 1821</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FAE568A13C7E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,473,1355,1378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FAE568A13C7E" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" authority="Spix, 1823" authorityName="Spix" authorityYear="1823" box="[198,473,1355,1378]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FAE568183C7E" box="[198,352,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A49FAE568A13C7E" author="Spix" box="[358,473,1355,1378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Spix, J. B. (1823) Simiarum et vespertilionum Brasiliensium species novae, ou histoire Naturelle des especes nouvelles de singes et de chauves-souris observes et recueillies pendant le voyage dans l'interieur du Bresil execute par orde De S. M. Le Roie de Baviere dans les annees 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820. F. S. Hubschmann, Monaco." type="journal article" year="1823">Spix, 1823</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767A27FAC56B7F3C9E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[264,519,1387,1410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FAC568423C9E" box="[264,314,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. p.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767A6FFAC56B7F3C9E" ID-CoL="84WNV" authority="Peters, 1865" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1865" box="[320,519,1387,1410]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fallax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A6FFAC568053C9E" box="[320,381,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">fallax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767AACFAC56B7F3C9E" author="Peters" box="[387,519,1387,1410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Peters, W. (1865) Uber Flederthiere (Vespertilio soricinus Pallas, Choeronycteris Lichtenst., Rhinophylla pumilio nov. gen., Artibeus fallax nov. sp., A. concolor nov. sp., Dermanura quadrivattatum nov. sp., Nycteris grandis n. sp.). Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussichen Akademie der Wissenshalften zu Berlin, 1866, 351 - 359." type="journal article" year="1865">Peters, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767A27FA256B293CFE" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FA2568B83CBE" box="[264,448,1419,1442]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. p. grenadensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767AE9FA256B173CBE" author="Andersen" box="[454,623,1419,1442]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, K. (1906) Brief diagnoses of a new genus and ten new forms of stenodermatous bats. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 18, 419 - 423." type="journal article" year="1906">Andersen, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FA0568E13CDE" box="[264,409,1451,1474]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. p. hercules</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A8FFA056B623CDE" author="Rehn" box="[416,538,1451,1474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Rehn, J. A. G. (1902) Three new American bats. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 54, 638 - 641." type="journal article" year="1902">Rehn, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767A27FA6568DA3CFE" box="[264,418,1483,1506]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. p. trinitatus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A87FA656B293CFE" author="Andersen" box="[424,593,1483,1506]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Andersen, K. (1906) Brief diagnoses of a new genus and ten new forms of stenodermatous bats. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 7, 18, 419 - 423." type="journal article" year="1906">Andersen, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D767BE9FA4568A43F1E" blockId="7.[151,710,683,1538]" box="[198,476,1515,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF817D767BE9FA4568A43F1E" ID-CoL="7R5ZK" authority="Jones, 1978" authorityName="Jones" authorityYear="1978" box="[198,476,1515,1538]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwartzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BE9FA4568323F1E" box="[198,330,1515,1538]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">A. schwartzi</emphasis>
|
||
*
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF817D767A71FA4568A43F1E" author="Jones" box="[350,476,1515,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Jones, J. K. Jr. (1978) A new bat of the genus Artibeus from the Lesser Antillean island of St. Vincent. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 51, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1978">Jones, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF817D797BEAF9FE683B3A4E" blockId="7.[151,1437,1616,2016]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,2007]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF817D767BEAF9FE68A43F76" bold="true" box="[197,476,1616,1642]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 79) (* indicates specimen used in molecular analyses).
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D767FFFF9FF6C433F77" box="[1232,1339,1617,1643]" name="Ecuador" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Azuay, Manta Real Manglar (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767A85F9D86B533F8C" box="[426,555,1654,1680]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-2.5666666">2°33'60"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767916F9D86BAE3F8C" box="[569,726,1654,1680]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.35555">79°21'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (MEPN 913072); Bolivar, Barraganate (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767E38F9D86CEF3F8C" box="[1303,1431,1654,1680]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-1.4555556">1°27'20"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767BB8F93568563FA9" box="[151,302,1691,1717]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.333336">79°19'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MEPN 80412, 80460); Carchi, El Pailon (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767899F9356D603FA9" box="[950,1048,1691,1717]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="1.0019444">1°0'7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767F09F9356DC33FA9" box="[1062,1211,1691,1717]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-78.23638">78°14'11"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ (MEPN 871842, 871752, 871850); El Oro, Bosque Petrificado Puyango (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D76788AF96F6D683FC7" box="[933,1040,1729,1755]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-3.8841665">3°53'3"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767F31F96F6DDE3FC7" box="[1054,1190,1729,1755]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-80.07806">80°4'41"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 Ψ (TTU
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF817D767E14F96F6CEF3FC7" box="[1339,1431,1729,1755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" value="96-10-25">102596</date>
|
||
, 103794 [TK 135290*]), El Progreso (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D76797FF9486BB13E1C" box="[592,713,1766,1792]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-3.3333333">3°19'60"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D7679FAF9486A233E1C" box="[725,859,1766,1792]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.816666">79°49'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 ɗ, 3 Ψ (QCAZ 2111, 2113, 2109,
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF817D767E3FF9486C013E1C" box="[1296,1401,1766,1792]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" value="2116" valueMax="2117">2116–17</date>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF817D767EA2F94869CF3E39" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4484096" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" unit="mi" value="9.0">9 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Zaruma (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767A68F8A568BC3E39" box="[327,452,1803,1829]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-3.6833334">3°40'60"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767AFDF8A56B233E39" box="[466,603,1803,1829]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.61667">79°37'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (TCWC 12283), El Faique (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D7678D5F8A56D103E39" box="[1018,1128,1803,1829]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-3.7019446">3°42'7"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767F5AF8A56C753E39" box="[1141,1293,1803,1829]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.621666">79°37'18"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (TTU
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF817D767BB8F89F69973E57" box="[151,239,1841,1867]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" value="71-10-27">102771</date>
|
||
[TK 135391*]); Esmeraldas, Borbon comuna Corriente Grande (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D7678D9F89F6D1F3E57" box="[1014,1127,1841,1867]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="0.5">0°30'0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767F5BF89F6D823E57" box="[1140,1274,1841,1867]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.96667">79°58'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 ɗ (QCAZ 2150, 2154), Borbon comuna Viruela (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767943F8F86BA63E6C" box="[620,734,1878,1904]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="1.1141667">1°6'51"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D7679C3F8F86AFA3E6C" box="[748,898,1878,1904]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-78.99361">78°59'37"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 3 Ψ (QCAZ 2168, 2173, 2178, 2181), Casa Comunal Mataje (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767A83F8D56B633E89" box="[428,539,1915,1941]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="1.2011112">1°12'4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767907F8D56BC43E89" box="[552,700,1915,1941]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-78.56167">78°33'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (MEPN 882048), Chontaduro (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767F40F8D56D953E89" box="[1135,1261,1915,1941]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="0.93333334">0°55'60"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767FD5F8D56CF63E89" box="[1274,1422,1915,1941]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.38778">79°23'16"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (MEPN 851433), Comunidad Valle del
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF817D7679B1F80F6BAF3EA7" box="[670,727,1953,1979]" name="Chad" pageId="7" pageNumber="52">Sade</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D7679C7F80F6A203EA7" box="[744,856,1953,1979]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="0.51666665">0°31'0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D76784AF80F6A933EA7" box="[869,1003,1953,1979]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-79.36667">79°22'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MEPN 85932, 85971), E San Lorenzo, Banana Plantation (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D76791CF8686BDC3EFC" box="[563,676,1990,2016]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="1.1530555">1°9'11"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D76799DF8686A343EFC" box="[690,844,1990,2016]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="-78.465">78°27'54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 Ψ (TTU 85369–70), Esmeraldas (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF817D767E3BF8686CEF3EFC" box="[1300,1431,1990,2016]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" precision="15" value="0.9833333">0°58'60"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797BB8FF36684139AE" box="[151,313,152,178]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.655556">79°39'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 2 Ψ (QCAZ 2479, 2466, 2484), Estacion Experimental La Chiquita (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797E21FF366CE039AE" box="[1294,1432,152,178]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="1.2319444">1°13'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797BB8FF13685639CB" box="[151,302,189,215]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.76583">78°45'57"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 5 Ψ (TTU 85284; QCAZ 2344,
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D7979EAFF136A4939CB" box="[709,817,189,215]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2376" valueMax="2377">2376–77</date>
|
||
, 2380), Finca in the road from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF8E7D797F84FF136DA339CB" box="[1195,1243,189,215]" name="Lithuania" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Lita</collectingCountry>
|
||
to San Lorenzo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797B8EFF4C686939E0" box="[161,273,226,252]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="1.0877779">1°5'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797A30FF4C68CD39E0" box="[287,437,226,252]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.69139">78°41'29"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (TTU
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797964FF4C6BD139E0" box="[587,681,226,252]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="68-10-30">103068</date>
|
||
), Mataje (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79780DFF4C6ADB39E0" box="[802,931,226,252]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="1.3558334">1°21'21"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79789FFF4C6D3E39E0" box="[944,1094,226,252]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.72417">78°43'27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 ɗ, 2 Ψ (TTU
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797E39FF4C6C0939E0" box="[1302,1393,226,252]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="09-10-31">103109</date>
|
||
–10 [TK 135905*–TK 135906*],
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797AD2FEA66B22383E" box="[509,602,264,290]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="07-10-31">103107</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797948FEA66BBE383E" box="[615,710,264,290]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="96-10-31">103196</date>
|
||
), near to Quingue (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79789EFEA66D5C383E" box="[945,1060,264,290]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.71666664">0°43'0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F1DFEA66DC3383E" box="[1074,1211,264,290]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-80.083336">80°4'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (QCAZ 6070, 6072), Quininde, Rio
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF8E7D79792FFE836B45385B" box="[512,573,301,327]" name="Chad" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Sade</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79797FFE836BA2385B" box="[592,730,301,327]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.33333334">0°19'60"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D7979C7FE836A00385B" box="[744,888,301,327]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.46667">79°28'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (MEPN 85996), Rio Verde (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797E00FE836CEF385B" box="[1327,1431,301,327]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="1.0666667">1°4'0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797BB8FEFC68643870" box="[151,284,338,364]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.416664">79°25'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (MEPN 851431, 851436), San Francisco de Bogota (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F2AFEFC6D0C3870" box="[1029,1140,338,364]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="1.0725001">1°4'21"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797FAFFEFC6C6D3870" box="[1152,1301,338,364]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.71139">78°42'41"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 ɗ (TTU
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797BB8FED6698F388E" box="[151,247,376,402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="80-10-31">103180</date>
|
||
–81 [TK 135701*–TK 135702*]), San Lorenzo, la Guarapera banana farm pasture (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797E0FFED66CEF388E" box="[1312,1431,376,402]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="1.1613889">1°9'41"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797BB8FE33684A38AB" box="[151,306,413,439]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.48111">78°28'52"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 ɗ, 3 Ψ (TTU 85409, 85417–19, 85370), Zapallo Grande (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F04FE336DC838AB" box="[1067,1200,413,439]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.7833333">0°46'60"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F91FE336C2138AB" box="[1214,1369,413,439]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.98334">78°58'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (QCAZ 67); Guayas, El Triunfo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797904FE6C6BEF38C0" box="[555,663,450,476]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-2.3166666">2°19'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79798AFE6C6A5538C0" box="[677,813,450,476]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-80.4">80°24'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ, 1 Ψ (QCAZ 2609, 2607), Manglares Churute (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797B8EFE46685C3B1E" box="[161,292,488,514]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-2.4547222">2°27'17"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797A1CFE4668AA3B1E" box="[307,466,488,514]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.6275">79°37'39"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 3 ɗ, 2 Ψ (TTU 103689, 103692 [TK 134602*], 103712, 103696, 103697), Naranjal,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF8E7D797A25FDA368473B3B" box="[266,319,525,551]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="mi" value="7.0">7 mi</quantity>
|
||
N of Bucay (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797AF2FDA36B3F3B3B" box="[477,583,525,551]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-1.5">1°30'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79797BFDA36BA13B3B" box="[596,729,525,551]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.9">79°54'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (AMNH 62934), La Union (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F45FDA36DAB3B3B" box="[1130,1235,525,551]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-1.9666667">1°58'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797FCFFDA36C2E3B3B" box="[1248,1366,525,551]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-80.01667">80°1'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 4 ɗ, 2 Ψ (QCAZ
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797A03FD9C68EE3B50" box="[300,406,562,588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2050" valueMax="2051">2050–51</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797A8CFD9C6B753B50" box="[419,525,562,588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" value="2055" valueMax="2056">2055–56</date>
|
||
, 2049, 2054); Loja,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF8E7D7979D0FD9C6A3C3B50" box="[767,836,562,588]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.414016" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="mi" value="15.0">15 mi</quantity>
|
||
N Catacocha (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D7978D9FD9C6D2A3B50" box="[1014,1106,562,588]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-4.0666666">4°4'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F70FD9C6D8D3B50" box="[1119,1269,562,588]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.63334">79°37'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (TCWC 12282); Los Rios, Buena Fe (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797ADEFDF66B233B6E" box="[497,603,600,626]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-0.9">0°54'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797947FDF66B853B6E" box="[616,765,600,626]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.48334">79°28'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (MEPN 81312); Manabi, Cauque River, El Destino (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797B8EFDD368703B8B" box="[161,264,637,663]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.0">0°0'0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797A39FDD368DB3B8B" box="[278,419,637,663]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-80.100006">80°5'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (AMNH 64547), Cerro Pata de Pajaro (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D7978F0FDD36D2D3B8B" box="[991,1109,637,663]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.033333335">0°1'60"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F4CFDD36D893B8B" box="[1123,1265,637,663]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.96667">79°58'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (MEPN 913112), Parque Nacional Machalilla (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D79794DFD0C6BB43BA0" box="[610,716,674,700]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-1.5166667">1°31'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D7979F6FD0C6A273BA0" box="[729,863,674,700]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-80.7">80°42'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ, 1 ɗ (MEPN 964794, 902898), Pedernales (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797B8FFD6668773BFE" box="[160,271,712,738]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.083333336">0°4'60"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797A33FD6668DA3BFE" box="[284,418,712,738]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-80.05">80°2'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ, (MEPN 913113); Pichincha, Bosque Protector La Perla (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797FA2FD666D953BFE" box="[1165,1261,712,738]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.0">0°0'0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797FD5FD666CF63BFE" box="[1274,1422,712,738]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.38334">79°22'60"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 2 ɗ, 1 Ψ (QCAZ 61, 427, 399), Nanegal (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797951FD436B853A1B" box="[638,765,749,775]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="0.16944446">0°10'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797826FD436AF63A1B" box="[777,910,749,775]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.66805">78°40'5"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (QCAZ 1998), Santa Rosa, Rio Toachi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797B8EFCBC68693A30" box="[161,273,786,812]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-0.31666666">0°19'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797A31FCBC68D23A30" box="[286,426,786,812]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-78.95">78°57'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 Ψ (QCAZ 4236), Union del Rio Toachi, Otongachi (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797F4FFCBC6DB73A30" box="[1120,1231,786,812]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-0.41666666">0°25'0"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE065060FF8E7D797FF2FCBC6C223A30" box="[1245,1370,786,812]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" precision="15" value="-79.0">79°0'0"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), 1 ɗ (QCAZ 4711).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF8E7D797BEAFCF36A843FB0" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797BEAFCF368BE3A6B" bold="true" box="[197,454,861,887]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7979BCFCF36A3D3A6A" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[659,837,861,886]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979BCFCF36A3D3A6A" box="[659,837,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D79787AFCF36D623A6A" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[853,1050,861,886]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D79787AFCF36D623A6A" box="[853,1050,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a larger, broader, and more robust skull and dentition. In skull size proportion
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7979C0FC2C6AC83A87" ID-CoL="5FSQ7" box="[751,944,898,924]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="jamaicensis" subSpecies="richardsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979C0FC2C6A793A87" box="[751,769,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D79783FFC2C6A603A87" box="[784,792,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">j</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797807FC2C6AC83A87" box="[808,944,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">richardsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FA2FC2C6C333A87" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1165,1355,898,924]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FA2FC2C6DE73A87" box="[1165,1183,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F80FC2C6C333A87" box="[1199,1355,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while the subspecies
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A7EFC06681B3ADD" box="[337,355,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A5BFC0668053ADD" box="[372,381,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">j</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797AA2FC0668A73ADD" box="[397,479,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">paulus</emphasis>
|
||
is the smallest form within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797814FC066A953ADD" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[827,1005,936,962]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797814FC066A353ADD" box="[827,845,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797872FC066A953ADD" box="[861,1005,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
followed by increased size in
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797E46FC066C033ADD" box="[1385,1403,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797EA3FC066CEC3ADD" box="[1420,1428,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">j</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797BB8FC6369843AFA" box="[151,252,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">parvipes</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A25FC6368643AFA" box="[266,284,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A04FC63684B3AFA" box="[299,307,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">j</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A6DFC6368B63AFA" box="[322,462,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">yucatanicus</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797921FC636B583AFA" box="[526,544,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797900FC636B4F3AFA" box="[559,567,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">j</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797969FC636BA83AFA" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[582,720,973,998]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797969FC636BA83AFA" box="[582,720,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nasals are moderately tubular in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FB0FC636C313AFA" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[1183,1353,973,998]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FB0FC636C313AFA" box="[1183,1353,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797EACFC63684D3D17" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797EACFC63684D3D17" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the orbitonasal shield being concave (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8E7D79786AFC5C6AA13D10" author="Patten" box="[837,985,1010,1036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Patten, D. R. (1971) A review of the large species of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae) from western South America. PhD Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, 88 pp." type="book" year="1971">Patten 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The pre- and post-orbital ridges and processes are poorly developed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797901FBB66B933D2D" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[558,747,1048,1073]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797901FBB66B933D2D" box="[558,747,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a less arched and broader appearance of the rostrum with respect to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797A7AFB936B703D4A" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[341,520,1085,1111]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A7AFB93681F3D4A" box="[341,359,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A57FB936B703D4A" box="[376,520,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The zygomatic arch is more slender in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7978D7FB936DD33D4A" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[1016,1195,1085,1111]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7978D7FB936D723D4A" box="[1016,1034,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F34FB936DD33D4A" box="[1051,1195,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A higher coronoid process and longer distance from the condyle to the coronoid process is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FB8FBCD6C263D60" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1175,1374,1122,1148]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FB8FBCD6DD13D60" box="[1175,1193,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F95FBCD6C263D60" box="[1210,1374,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with respect with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797A02FB2668A03DBD" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[301,472,1160,1186]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A02FB2668473DBD" box="[301,319,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A61FB2668A03DBD" box="[334,472,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the angular process is relatively small in both taxa. Dentition is proportional to the skull size, being more robust in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797979FB036A6A3DDA" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[598,786,1197,1223]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797979FB036B103DDA" box="[598,616,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797959FB036A6A3DDA" box="[630,786,1197,1222]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Protocone and hypocone of the first upper molar (M1) are moderately well developed, with a wider talon in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797827FB7D6ABD3DF0" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[776,965,1234,1260]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797827FB7D6A623DF0" box="[776,794,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797806FB7D6ABD3DF0" box="[809,965,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7978DBFB7D6DC93DF0" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1012,1201,1234,1260]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7978DBFB7D6D7E3DF0" box="[1012,1030,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F3BFB7D6DC93DF0" box="[1044,1201,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FC5FB7D6CEC3DF0" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[1258,1428,1234,1260]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FC5FB7D6D843DF0" box="[1258,1276,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797E25FB7D6CEC3DF0" box="[1290,1428,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the second upper molar (M2) is distinctly more reduced in size and shape with paracone expanded and a developed labial cingulum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8E7D797ADDFAB36BF43C2B" author="Patten" box="[498,652,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Patten, D. R. (1971) A review of the large species of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae) from western South America. PhD Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, 88 pp." type="book" year="1971">Patten 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Metacone and metaconule of M2 form a distinct lobe in both species. M1 and M2 are separated by a bigger gap in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797823FAED6AB13C40" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[780,969,1346,1372]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797823FAED6A663C40" box="[780,798,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797802FAED6AB13C40" box="[813,969,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The third lower molar (m3) is reduced in size (when present, see below) and does not show well developed cusps in either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FBAFAC66C213C9D" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1173,1369,1384,1410]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FBAFAC66DDF3C9D" box="[1173,1191,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F97FAC66C213C9D" box="[1208,1369,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797EADFAC6685B3CBA" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797EADFAC66CEC3C9D" box="[1410,1428,1384,1409]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797BB8FA23685B3CBA" box="[151,291,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The dental formula in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797954FA236A433CBA" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[635,827,1421,1447]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797954FA236BF53CBA" box="[635,653,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979B2FA236A433CBA" box="[669,827,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797859FA236D5C3CBA" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[886,1060,1421,1447]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797859FA236AF03CBA" box="[886,904,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7978B7FA236D5C3CBA" box="[920,1060,1421,1446]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<date id="FF8C1067FF8E7D797F67FA236D103CBB" box="[1096,1128,1421,1447]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">I 2</date>
|
||
/2, C 1/1, P 2/2, M 2/2–3, total 30–32. Of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D34FD2EFF8E7D797A54FA1C6B503CD0" box="[379,552,1458,1484]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" type="generic">134 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
examined,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D79799FFA1D6A143CD0" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[688,876,1458,1484]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D79799FFA1D6BBA3CD0" box="[688,706,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979FFFA1D6A143CD0" box="[720,876,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D79788AFA1D6D283CD0" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[933,1104,1458,1484]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D79788AFA1D6ACF3CD0" box="[933,951,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7978E9FA1D6D283CD0" box="[966,1104,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented two upper molars and few specimens were missing the m
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B42FF8E7D79794DFA766BF53CEE" box="[610,653,1496,1522]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
one or both sides of the mandible. Externally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797F81FA766C123CED" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1198,1386,1496,1522]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F81FA766DB83CED" box="[1198,1216,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FE1FA766C123CED" box="[1230,1386,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797BB8FA5368393F0A" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[151,321,1533,1559]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797BB8FA5369D13F0A" box="[151,169,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797B98FA5368393F0A" box="[183,321,1533,1558]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar with major differences in body size proportions. For both species, the color of fur varies from pale to dark brown, with lighter color of the ventrum. Both species are characterized by a black patagium and uropatagium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8E7D797905F9E66BC43F7E" author="Patten" box="[554,700,1608,1634]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Patten, D. R. (1971) A review of the large species of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae) from western South America. PhD Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, 88 pp." type="book" year="1971">Patten 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7979FEF9E66AA03F7D" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[721,984,1608,1633]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979FEF9E66AA03F7D" box="[721,984,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Artibeus aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been characterized by white wing tips (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8E7D797BFEF9C3681A3F9B" author="Patten" box="[209,354,1645,1671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Patten, D. R. (1971) A review of the large species of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae) from western South America. PhD Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, 88 pp." type="book" year="1971">Patten 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), however, this characteristic is variable and is also present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797F6BF9C36D883F9A" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[1092,1264,1645,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F6BF9C36D2E3F9A" box="[1092,1110,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F49F9C36D883F9A" box="[1126,1264,1645,1670]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Facial stripes are not well defined in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797A89F93D6B1A3FB0" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[422,610,1683,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A89F93D6B1A3FB0" box="[422,610,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797865F93D6A8D3FB0" ID-CoL="7R5ZF" box="[842,1013,1683,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797865F93D6A8D3FB0" box="[842,1013,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A. jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF8E7D797BEAF91668713ECB" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">
|
||
Two congeneric species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797AC2F9166BF53FCD" ID-CoL="7R5Z9" box="[493,653,1720,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797AC2F91668873FCD" box="[493,511,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797921F9166BF53FCD" box="[526,653,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7979E7F9166A343FCD" ID-CoL="7R5ZG" box="[712,844,1720,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979E7F9166BA23FCD" box="[712,730,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7979C6F9166A343FCD" box="[745,844,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, occur in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797F5BF9166C493FCD" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1140,1329,1720,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F5BF9166DFE3FCD" box="[1140,1158,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FBAF9166C493FCD" box="[1173,1329,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In body and skull size,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797A69F9736B7B3FEA" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[326,515,1757,1783]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A69F97368203FEA" box="[326,344,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A48F9736B7B3FEA" box="[359,515,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is intermediate between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797806F9736AD63FEA" ID-CoL="7R5ZG" box="[809,942,1757,1783]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797806F9736A433FEA" box="[809,827,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797865F9736AD63FEA" box="[842,942,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7978C8F9736DFF3FEA" ID-CoL="7R5Z9" box="[999,1159,1757,1783]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7978C8F9736A813FEA" box="[999,1017,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F27F9736DFF3FEA" box="[1032,1159,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FB9F9736CF93FEA" ID-CoL="7R5Z9" box="[1174,1409,1757,1782]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FB9F9736CF93FEA" box="[1174,1409,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Artibeus fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is paler than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797A3DF8AD68B63E00" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[274,462,1794,1820]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A3DF8AD685C3E00" box="[274,292,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A1DF8AD68B63E00" box="[306,462,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is known only from the Pacific slope of central-southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF8E7D797FB0F8AC6C793E00" box="[1183,1281,1794,1820]" name="Ecuador" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF8E7D797BB8F88669A93E5E" box="[151,209,1832,1858]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Nasals are not tubular, M2 is close to M1, and metacone and metaconule are not set apart from the teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797B9BF8E3682C3E7A" ID-CoL="7R5Z9" box="[180,340,1869,1895]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797B9BF8E369BE3E7A" box="[180,198,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797BFBF8E3682C3E7A" box="[212,340,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797AB8F8E36B833E7B" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" authority="Patten 1971" authorityName="Patten" authorityYear="1971" box="[407,763,1869,1895]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797AB8F8E368D13E7A" box="[407,425,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797A98F8E36B2B3E7A" box="[439,595,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8E7D79794EF8E36B8A3E7B" author="Patten" box="[609,754,1869,1895]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Patten, D. R. (1971) A review of the large species of Artibeus (Chiroptera: Phyllostomatidae) from western South America. PhD Dissertation, Texas A & M University, College Station, 88 pp." type="book" year="1971">Patten 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797829F8E36AAB3E7A" ID-CoL="7R5ZG" box="[774,979,1869,1894]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797829F8E36AAB3E7A" box="[774,979,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">Artibeus lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs mostly from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D797FEDF8E36C063E7A" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1218,1406,1869,1895]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FEDF8E36DAC3E7A" box="[1218,1236,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797FCDF8E36C063E7A" box="[1250,1406,1869,1894]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a more robust, larger, and wider skull and dentition, with distinct supraorbital stripes and brownish fur (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8E7D797BB0F836684A3EAE" author="Jones" box="[159,306,1944,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" refString="Jones, J. K. Jr. (1978) A new bat of the genus Artibeus from the Lesser Antillean island of St. Vincent. Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University, 51, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1978">Jones 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The pre- and post-orbital constriction is narrower in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8E7D7978CDF8366D083EAD" ID-CoL="7R5ZG" box="[994,1136,1944,1970]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D7978CDF8366A8C3EAD" box="[994,1012,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8E7D797F2AF8366D083EAD" box="[1029,1136,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="53">lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with the optic spicules extended.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF4D662FFF8F7D787BB8F8856DAC3EEE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/198737/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[201,1367,189,1792]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF8F7D787BB8F8856DAC3EEE" blockId="9.[151,1437,1835,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8F7D787BB8F88568583E5F" bold="true" box="[151,288,1835,1859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Map of the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8F7D787978F8856A2C3E5E" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[599,852,1835,1858]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8F7D787978F8856A2C3E5E" box="[599,852,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Artibeus aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Star indicates the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8F7D787FCAF8856CE43E5E" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1253,1436,1835,1858]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8F7D787FCAF8856CE43E5E" box="[1253,1436,1835,1858]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Zaruma [3°40'60"S, 79°37'0"W], Ecuador). The distributional range is based on literature references (hollow squares; Andersen 1906 and Marques-Aguiar 2008) and specimens examined in the Species Account (star and solid squares). The northernmost (western Colombia; Valle del Cauca, Cali [3°26'14"N, 76°31'21"W], and Rio Raposo [3°43'0"N, 77°7'60"W]) and southernmost (western Peru; Tumbes, Faical [3°44'57"S, 80°45'2"W]) extent of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8F7D787FC8F8196CE53ED2" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1255,1437,1975,1998]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8F7D787FC8F8196CE53ED2" box="[1255,1437,1975,1998]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remains to be defined. Shaded areas represent areas of the Andes Mountains higher than 1800 meters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF8C7D7B7BEAFF366AEE3B1E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">
|
||
There has been a historical debate about the recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7887FF366D2339AD" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[936,1115,152,178]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7887FF366AC239AD" box="[936,954,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B78E4FF366D2339AD" box="[971,1115,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a morphologically and genetically defined species distributed east of the Andes in South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257637FF8C7D7B7890FF136D5F39CB" box="[959,1063,189,215]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B56FF8C7D7B7F46FF136C3439CB" author="Larsen" box="[1129,1356,189,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" refString="Larsen, P. A., Hoofer, S. R., Bozeman, M. C., Pedersen, S. C., Genoways, H. H., Phillips, C. J., Pumo, D. E. & Baker, R. J. (2007) Phylogenetics and phylogeography of the Artibeus jamaicensis complex based on cytochrome- b DNA sequences. Journal of Mammalogy, 88, 712 - 727." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Larsen
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7FEBFF136C7A39CA" box="[1220,1282,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). With respect to body and skull size proportion,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7951FF4C6AFC39E7" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[638,900,226,251]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7951FF4C6AFC39E7" box="[638,900,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Artibeus aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7F14FF4C6D9B39E7" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[1083,1251,226,252]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7F14FF4C6D3539E7" box="[1083,1101,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7F74FF4C6D9B39E7" box="[1115,1251,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the former differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7A1AFEA66890383D" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[309,488,264,290]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7A1AFEA6683F383D" box="[309,327,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7A77FEA66890383D" box="[344,488,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in skull and dentition mainly by: shape of the zygomatic arch (slender =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7EADFEA66847385A" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7EADFEA66847385A" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; robust =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7AECFE836B02385A" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[451,634,301,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7AECFE836B02385A" box="[451,634,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); development of paracone when compared to metacone of M1 (metacone bigger than paracone =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7967FEFC6A693877" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[584,785,338,363]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7967FEFC6A693877" box="[584,785,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; metacone smaller than paracone =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7FFAFEFC6CF13877" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[1237,1417,338,363]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7FFAFEFC6CF13877" box="[1237,1417,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); location of M1 with respect to M2 (M1 and M2 separated by a large gap =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7F1AFED66D83388D" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[1077,1275,376,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7F1AFED66D83388D" box="[1077,1275,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; M1 and M2 without substantial gap =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7AECFE336B1338AA" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[451,619,413,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7AECFE336B1338AA" box="[451,619,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and metacone and metaconule of the M2 (metacone and metaconule separated as a distinct lobe from rest of M2 by a fissure =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7870FE6C6D5B38C7" ID-CoL="7R5Z5" box="[863,1059,450,475]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7870FE6C6D5B38C7" box="[863,1059,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; metacone and metaconule not separated as a distinct lobe from the rest of M2 =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B79F2FE466AFE3B1D" ID-CoL="7R5ZJ" box="[733,902,488,513]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B79F2FE466AFE3B1D" box="[733,902,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A. planirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C328652CFF8C7D7B7BE9FDA369C33B6E" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D36A7FF8C7D7B7BE9FDA369C33B6E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7BE9FDA368FD3B3B" bold="true" box="[198,389,525,551]" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Measurements.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7AB8FDA36BD13B3A" box="[407,681,525,550]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7AB8FDA36BD13B3A" box="[407,681,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">Artibeus aequatorialis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7854FDA36D493B3A" box="[891,1073,525,551]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jamaicensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7854FDA36AF53B3A" box="[891,909,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7888FDA36D493B3A" box="[935,1073,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">jamaicensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in all fourteen cranial and mandibular measurements, and is generally intermediate between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7880FD9C6D2B3B57" box="[943,1107,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7880FD9C6AB93B57" box="[943,961,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B78FEFD9C6D2B3B57" box="[977,1107,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D24FF8C7D7B7FA1FD9C6C6D3B57" box="[1166,1301,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Artibeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lituratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7FA1FD9C6DD83B57" box="[1166,1184,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EAB5FF8C7D7B7F9FFD9C6C6D3B57" box="[1200,1301,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="55">lituratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Appendix II).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |