345 lines
44 KiB
XML
345 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="9AA02DF5557742B490428E3321FCD89B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.206040" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bdc991a8-53da-47dc-b241-9fd51554f1ec" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="206040" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460308778692" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Aria, Cédric, Perrichot, Vincent & Nel, André" docDate="2011" docId="039B878EFFCCBE6F3FAFFD44FC73FC6F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02870p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2870" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Platythyrea dlusskyi Aria, Perrichot & Nel, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FFA2FFF6FFCEBE6B3F38FFAAFFCEFFA7" masterDocTitle="Fossil Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Early Eocene amber of France" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1698253785922" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="43311BBCB8E402DCB3ABAEA8DC2729BF">
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<mods:title id="DAE7FFC7D3CCF2DADA3D93EED2A8906D">Fossil Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Early Eocene amber of France</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3D0AE8B1C3B11901273E5E085F6512EF" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="294423A998C5587269365C485C9B3817">Aria, Cédric</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A18FF455F98576BFB4A3A05974B80DFB">Perrichot, Vincent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="8896B33F5AFEA5612451E72805E072A7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="546DD77414FAF7AF782B39873CB26C95">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2C4F3EE1F82F514FB70FD982039372C5">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E9DAE242EE2B0724508FB80D00618FBA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FCB058A52765DDB512648D7EF05BAFF4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8454EC2A96D980EBA51D8AF8E35E09FC">
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<mods:date id="9191B219502189D4BECD79B893918FF2">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4C9F924BD4F1E9F033AAA08B0C27A25E">2870</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="EEEDB35807472FE36A9D4AAE273A3469" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.206040</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AA67691FA1950BE2B5DBF8CB9C0A5E47" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F02959F754E8C9308D18C1B1A5615904" type="Zenodo-Dep">206040</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039B878EFFCCBE6F3FAFFD44FC73FC6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6185091" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119400668" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6185091" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039B878EFFCCBE6F3FAFFD44FC73FC6F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B878EFFCCBE6F3FAFFD44FC73FC6F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C3286513FFCCBE693FAFFD44FEADFC8E" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE693FAFFD44FE1AFCAF" blockId="2.[151,468,750,809]" box="[151,468,750,776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D0C581F4FFCCBE693FAFFD44FE1AFCAF" bold="true" box="[151,468,750,776]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FAFFD44FE1AFCAF" bold="true" box="[151,468,750,776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCCBE693FAFFD44FE44FCAF" box="[151,394,750,776]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FAFFD44FE44FCAF" bold="true" box="[151,394,750,776]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Platythyrea dlusskyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557F1FFCCBE693EAAFD44FE1AFCAF" box="[402,468,750,776]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE693FAFFCBBFEADFC8E" blockId="2.[151,468,750,809]" box="[151,355,785,809]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13092A1DFFCCBE693FA6FCBBFEC7FC8E" box="[158,265,785,809]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1335,1358]" captionTargetBox="[154,1418,417,1307]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,411,1311]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Platythyrea dlusskyi sp. n., reconstruction of the holotype (worker or ergatoid queen) MNHN A 32915. A. Left profile view of propodeum, petiole and first segment of gaster. B. Right dorsolateral view showing the articulation of the central body part. C. Head in frontal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206041/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13092A1DFFCCBE693E2FFCBBFEEDFC8E" box="[279,291,785,809]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,1740]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,301,1742]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Photographs of the ponerine ants from Early Eocene French amber. A – B: Platythyrea dlusskyi sp. n., holotype worker or ergatoid queen MNHN A 32915; A. Head in frontal view. B. Right profile of the body, excluding head. C – E: Male undetermined, specimen MNHN A 32917. C. Habitus in profile view. D. Detail of the central part of body in left lateral view. E. Apical part of gaster in lateral view. F. Male undetermined, specimen MNHN A 32918, detail of head in ventral view. All scale bars: 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206043/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">3</figureCitation>
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A–B)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3286513FFCCBE693FAFFCF3FC4BFCD6" box="[151,901,857,882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE693FAFFCF3FC4BFCD6" blockId="2.[151,1437,857,2033]" box="[151,901,857,882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FAFFCF3FE4EFCD5" bold="true" box="[151,384,857,882]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="5489883AFFCCBE693EBFFCF3FE21FCD6" box="[391,495,857,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="ED23AE5DFFCCBE693ECEFCF0FD85FCD6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" box="[502,587,858,881]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">MNHN</collectionCode>
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<accessionNumber id="9461AB7BFFCCBE693D6BFCF3FD63FCD6" box="[595,685,857,881]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A32915" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="EnaNcbi">A32915</accessionNumber>
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(PA7873, worker).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3286513FFCCBE693FFDFCD7FD2CFC1E" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE693FFDFCD7FD2CFC1E" blockId="2.[151,1437,857,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FFDFCD7FE85FC32" bold="true" box="[197,331,893,917]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The specific epithet is a patronym honoring our colleague Gennady
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCCBE693B77FCD7FB62FC32" box="[1103,1196,893,917]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlussky">Dlussky</taxonomicName>
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, a world authority on fossil ants, for his many contributions to the subject.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3286513FFCCBE693FFDFC6FFC88FB5A" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE693FFDFC6FFC88FB5A" blockId="2.[151,1437,857,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FFDFC6FFEF1FC79" bold="true" box="[197,319,965,990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Ponerine ant worker or ergatoid queen with the following characters: head longer than wide, in frontal view with anterior clypeal margin and sides convex, posterior margin nearly straight; posterior clypeal margin strongly convex medially between frontal lobes; mandibles with 10–11 blunt denticles on masticatory margin, with external margin slightly concave medially; antennal sockets widely separated; antenna with scape slightly surpassing the occipital margin, evenly curved; first funicular segment smaller than second. Propodeal dorsum posteriorly with two blunt teeth each prolonged in a concave carina laterally on declivitous face. Petiole longer than high and broad, its dorsal sclerite roughly parallelepipedic in shape, with a small tooth at anterolateral corners, anterior and dorsal margins evenly convex, posterior margin slightly concave, with a pronounced lobe projecting posteriorly above anterior sides of helcium at posterolateral corners.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3286513FFCCBE683FFFFAA0FAF2FEC3" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE693FFFFAA0FCC6FAE2" blockId="2.[151,1437,857,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FFFFAA0FEB3FA86" bold="true" box="[199,381,1290,1314]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Measurements.</emphasis>
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HL 1.65, HW 1.30, MFC 0.45, SL 1.55, ED 0.40, AL 2.45, PW 0.93, PtL 0.90, PtH 0.67, FL 1.57, CI 79, FCI 35, SI 119, OI 24, PtI 74, FI 64, AI 38.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCCBE683FFDFAFBFAF2FEC3" blockId="2.[151,1437,857,2033]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693FFDFAFBFE98FACD" bold="true" box="[197,342,1361,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCCBE693E65FAFBFD48FACE" box="[349,646,1361,1385]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="55">Worker or ergatoid queen.</emphasis>
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Body length around 8.00 mm; nearly completely glabrous, apparently mostly smooth except rough punctuation of small shallow foveolae limited to mandibles, mesosoma and petiole; head 1.3 times longer than wide, with sides convex, anterior clypeal margin distinctly convex, posterior (occipital) margin nearly straight; central part of head including frontal carinae, frontal triangle and clypeus prominent; posterior clypeal area rather broad and strongly convex medially between frontal lobes; minute setae on mandibles and antennae; mandibles triangular, curved in lateral view, their external margin slightly concave medially, with 10–11 blunt denticles and setae on masticatory margin; clypeus almost glabrous, with only four fine setae along anterior margin; frontal lobes moderately expanded laterally, covering at most half the antennal sockets; frontal carinae well-separated from compound eyes, barely diverging posteriorly. Antenna 12-segmented; scape surpassing the occipital margin for a distance equal to its maximum width, slightly curved; first funicular segment smaller than second, which is a little more than twice as long as broad; other funicular segments decreasing progressively in size. Eyes of moderate size compared to head width, rounded, slightly bulged, situated anteriorly around midlength of head. Ocelli vestigial, removed far posteriorly from compound eyes. Mesosoma long, with dorsal surface rather flat; promesonotal suture conspicuous; anterior margin of mesonotum projecting forward over suture of pronotum; mesonotum and propodeum dorsally fused, mesopropodeal suture present although weakly visible in lateral view; propodeum with a pair of blunt teeth laterally at juncture of dorsal and declivitous faces, the teeth prolonged in concave carina along propodeal declivity; propodeal spiracles relatively small, rounded, situated on metasternal margin, slightly behind midlength of propodeal sides; metapleural lobes large, with rounded orifice. Legs long, glabrous, except scarce setae on tip of tibia and tarsi; protibia with one long pectinate spur, mesotibia with two finely pectinate spurs, one slightly shorter than the other; metatibiae not preserved after first half; claws missing. Petiole 0.75 times as high as long; dorsal sclerite in lateral view roughly parallelepipedic, with a small tooth at anterolateral corners, anterior and dorsal margins evenly convex, posterior margin slightly concave, with a pronounced lobe projecting posteriorly above anterior sides of helcium at posterolateral corners; ventral sclerite with a small ventral tooth at about midlength of petiole. Gaster relatively short, distinctly constricted between abdominal segments III and IV; segments III and IV covering V and partly VI; tip of gaster pubescent; sting not visible, if present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF4D6610FFCDBE683FAFFA9DFDEEFA2C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/206041/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[154,1418,417,1307]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCDBE683FAFFA9DFDEEFA2C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1335,1419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683FAFFA9DFEDBFAEA" bold="true" box="[151,277,1335,1358]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683E25FA9DFE22FAEA" box="[285,492,1335,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683E25FA9DFE22FAEA" box="[285,492,1335,1357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Platythyrea dlusskyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557F1FFCDBE683ECCFA92FDE1FAEA" box="[500,559,1336,1357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683ECCFA92FDE1FAEA" bold="true" box="[500,559,1336,1357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">sp. n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, reconstruction of the holotype (worker or ergatoid queen) MNHN
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<accessionNumber id="9461AB7BFFCDBE683BC9FA9DFA88FAEA" box="[1265,1350,1335,1357]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A32915" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="EnaNcbi">A32915</accessionNumber>
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. A. Left profile view of propodeum, petiole and first segment of gaster. B. Right dorsolateral view showing the articulation of the central body part. C. Head in frontal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3286513FFCDBE6F3FFFFA1DFC73FC6F" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCDBE683FFFFA1DFBA8FA54" blockId="3.[151,1437,1463,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683FFFFA1DFE82FA77" bold="true" box="[199,332,1463,1488]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Discussion.</emphasis>
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This fossil possesses all diagnostic characters of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683C92FA1DFBF5FA68" box="[938,1083,1463,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Platythyreini">Platythyreini</taxonomicName>
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as proposed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683BCEFA1DFA59FA68" author="Bolton" box="[1270,1431,1463,1487]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 71, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">Bolton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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, and it falls in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683E9AFA76FDEAFA53" box="[418,548,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683E9AFA76FDEAFA53" box="[418,548,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Platythyrea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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after the regional
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683DC9FA71FCAFFA54" box="[753,865,1499,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ponerinae">Ponerinae</taxonomicName>
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keys of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683CF9FA71FBAFFA54" author="Bolton" box="[961,1121,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Bolton, B. (1994) Identification guide to the ant genera of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, London, Massachusetts, England: [iv] + 1 - 222." type="book chapter" year="1994">Bolton (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCDBE683FFDF9AAFBDBF84B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1463,2028]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
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In addition to the 37 extant species, five fossil species have been described in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683B9FF9AAFAE7F9BF" box="[1191,1321,1536,1560]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683B9FF9AAFAE7F9BF" box="[1191,1321,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">Platythyrea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The Late Eocene Baltic amber
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<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683EA9F98FFD00F99C" authority="Wheeler, 1915" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1915" box="[401,718,1571,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primaeva">
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<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683EA9F98FFDD4F99B" box="[401,538,1573,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. primaeva</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683D1CF989FD00F99C" author="Wheeler" box="[548,718,1571,1595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1915) The ants of Baltic amber. Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, Abhandlungen, 55, 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1915">Wheeler, 1915</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, redescribed by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683CB6F989FB8FF99C" box="[910,1089,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlussky">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683CB6F989FB8FF99C" author="Dlussky" box="[910,1089,1571,1595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Dlussky, G. M. (2009) The ant subfamilies Ponerinae, Cerapachyinae, and Pseudomyrmecinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the Late Eocene ambers of Europe. Paleontological Journal, 43, 1043 - 1086." type="journal article" year="2009">Dlussky (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, differs from our fossil by its smaller size (body length of worker and gyne
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683DA0F9EDFCC2F9F8" box="[664,780,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.5">5.5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, respectively, versus
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683CC2F9EDFBF5F9F8" box="[1018,1083,1607,1631]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683B66F9E3FB1DF9C7" box="[1118,1235,1608,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683B66F9E3FB1DF9C7" box="[1118,1235,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), its cubic petiole with a postero-dorsal tooth-like projection (parallelepipedic and without projection in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683B63F9C7FB06F923" box="[1115,1224,1644,1668]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlussky">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683B63F9C7FB06F923" box="[1115,1224,1644,1668]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlussky</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and the antennae with second funicular segment relatively shorter ('only slightly longer than broad', versus twice as long as broad in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683FAFF91FFEC3F96B" box="[151,269,1716,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683FAFF91FFEC3F96B" box="[151,269,1716,1740]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The four other fossil species are from Miocene Dominican amber (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683B29F919FB53F96C" author="Lattke" box="[1041,1181,1715,1739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Lattke, J. E. (2003) The genus Platythyrea Roger, 1863 in Dominican Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Entomotropica, 18, 107 - 111." type="journal article" year="2003">Lattke 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683B90F91EFABBF96C" author="De" box="[1192,1397,1715,1739]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="De Andrade, M. L. (2004) A new species of Platythyrea from Dominican amber and description of a new extant species from Honduras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111, 643 - 655." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257608FFCDBE683B90F91EFB07F96C" box="[1192,1225,1716,1739]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Andrade 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683ABFF91FFF3FF957" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683ABFF91FFF3FF957" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27557F1FFCDBE683FC2F973FE9CF957" box="[250,338,1753,1776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is easily distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683D8BF973FC1FF948" authority="Lattke, 2003" authorityName="Lattke" authorityYear="2003" box="[691,977,1751,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalprum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683D8BF973FCF6F957" box="[691,824,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. scalprum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683C7AF97DFC1FF948" author="Lattke" box="[834,977,1751,1775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Lattke, J. E. (2003) The genus Platythyrea Roger, 1863 in Dominican Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Entomotropica, 18, 107 - 111." type="journal article" year="2003">Lattke, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683B34F973FA94F948" authority="De Andrade, 2004" authorityName="De Andrade" authorityYear="2004" box="[1036,1370,1751,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683B34F973FBB1F957" box="[1036,1151,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683BB0F973FA94F948" author="De" box="[1160,1370,1751,1776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="De Andrade, M. L. (2004) A new species of Platythyrea from Dominican amber and description of a new extant species from Honduras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111, 643 - 655." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257608FFCDBE683BB0F973FB67F957" box="[1160,1193,1753,1776]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Andrade,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683A1AF97DFA94F948" box="[1314,1370,1751,1775]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.090159999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="2004.0">2004</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its larger size (body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683E9DF951FE35F8B4" box="[421,507,1787,1811]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683DA5F957FCEEF8B3" box="[669,800,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalprum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683DA5F957FCEEF8B3" box="[669,800,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. scalprum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683C6EF957FC09F8B3" box="[854,967,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilio">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683C6EF957FC09F8B3" box="[854,967,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. pumilio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), its scape and second funicular segments relatively longer (SI
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683EBAF8B5FE72F890" box="[386,444,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7018" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="67.0">67 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683EFCF88BFD81F89F" box="[452,591,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683EFCF88BFD85F89F" box="[452,587,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalprum">P. scalprum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683D6FF8B5FD68F890" box="[599,678,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.48844" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="58.6">58.6 in</quantity>
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683D95F88BFCE8F89F" box="[685,806,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683D95F88BFCEDF89F" box="[685,803,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumilio">P. pumilio</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCA9B7DFFCDBE683C16F8B5FCBBF890" box="[814,885,1823,1847]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0225999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="119.0">119 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683C44F88BFC3DF89F" box="[892,1011,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683C44F88BFC3DF89F" box="[892,1011,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683B42F88BFB30F89F" box="[1146,1278,1824,1848]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalprum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683B42F88BFB30F89F" box="[1146,1278,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. scalprum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its petiolar shape ('petiole elongate', 0.44 times as high as long in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683DCCF8EFFCB9F8FB" box="[756,887,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scalprum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683DCCF8EFFCB9F8FB" box="[756,887,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. scalprum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 0.75 times in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683B24F8EFFB5CF8FB" box="[1052,1170,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683B24F8EFFB5CF8FB" box="[1052,1170,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The dorsally-pointing propodeal denticles on the third species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683D5FF8C3FCBBF827" authority="Lattke, 2003" authorityName="Lattke" authorityYear="2003" box="[615,885,1896,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="procera">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683D5FF8C3FD12F827" box="[615,732,1897,1920]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. procera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683DDCF8C2FCBBF827" author="Lattke" box="[740,885,1896,1920]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Lattke, J. E. (2003) The genus Platythyrea Roger, 1863 in Dominican Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Entomotropica, 18, 107 - 111." type="journal article" year="2003">Lattke, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, seem to represent a significant structural difference from our fossil,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683EBEF827FE35F803" box="[390,507,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683EBEF827FE35F803" box="[390,507,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Finally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCDBE683D5DF827FCA2F804" authority="Lattke, 2003" authorityName="Lattke" authorityYear="2003" box="[613,876,1931,1956]" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Canapone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCDBE683D5DF827FD1BF803" box="[613,725,1932,1956]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="56">P. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCDBE683DE4F821FCA2F804" author="Lattke" box="[732,876,1931,1955]" pageId="3" pageNumber="56" refString="Lattke, J. E. (2003) The genus Platythyrea Roger, 1863 in Dominican Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Entomotropica, 18, 107 - 111." type="journal article" year="2003">Lattke, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although based on a wingless queen, is similar to our fossil in its dentate mandibles, but it differs by having a nearly straight anterior clypeal margin, a posterior petiolar margin with a dorsal lobe, and the metacoxa with a triangular dorsal tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCABE6F3FFDFF3DFB17FE0B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Our fossil does not fit either with any of the extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3DC7FF32FC4FFF17" box="[767,897,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3DC7FF32FC4FFF17" box="[767,897,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species in Brown's (1975) identification keys to Africa (petiole neither armed nor toothless) or Indo-Australia (petiolar node neither higher than long, nor bearing three teeth). The key to New World
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3D02FF4AFD72FF5F" box="[570,700,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3D02FF4AFD72FF5F" box="[570,700,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCABE6F3C7CFF4AFBEDFF50" box="[836,1059,223,247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="De Andrade, M. L. (2004) A new species of Platythyrea from Dominican amber and description of a new extant species from Honduras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111, 643 - 655." type="journal article">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257608FFCABE6F3C7CFF4AFCABFF50" box="[836,869,224,247]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Andrade (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
would place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3B87FF4BFAF9FF5F" box="[1215,1335,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3B87FF4BFAF9FF5F" box="[1215,1335,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
near the extant
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3FDCFEAFFEF4FEBB" box="[228,314,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. l e n c a</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCABE6F3E7EFEAFFDD4FEBB" author="De" box="[326,538,260,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="De Andrade, M. L. (2004) A new species of Platythyrea from Dominican amber and description of a new extant species from Honduras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111, 643 - 655." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257608FFCABE6F3E7EFEAFFEA9FEBB" box="[326,359,261,284]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
Andrade, 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3D1FFEAFFDB4FEBB" box="[551,634,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. p r i z o</emphasis>
|
||
Kugler, 1977 and probably the extinct
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3B78FEAFFB63FEBB" box="[1088,1197,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. d e n t a t a</emphasis>
|
||
. The synapomorphy uniting these species is the presence of teeth on the mandibles, which has been proposed as a possible plesiomorphic state (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCABE6F3E2CFEE6FE6AFEC3" author="Lattke" box="[276,420,332,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Lattke, J. E. (2003) The genus Platythyrea Roger, 1863 in Dominican Amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Entomotropica, 18, 107 - 111." type="journal article" year="2003">Lattke 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The fact that the oldest
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3DF3FEE6FC82FEC3" box="[715,844,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3DF3FEE6FC82FEC3" box="[715,844,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species displays mandibular teeth may support this hypothesis, although convergence is still highly probable for traits of this
|
||
<typeStatus id="5489883AFFCABE6F3CEBFEDAFBC9FE2F" box="[979,1031,368,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
|
||
. Furthermore, the size and length of the funiculus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3E74FE3FFE0FFE0B" box="[332,449,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dlusskyi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3E74FE3FFE0FFE0B" box="[332,449,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. dlusskyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resemble that of the extant
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3DC1FE3FFC83FE0B" box="[761,845,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. l e n c a</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3CBFFE3FFC16FE0B" box="[903,984,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. p r i z o</emphasis>
|
||
rather than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3B5BFE3FFB1CFE0B" box="[1123,1234,404,428]" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Canapone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3B5BFE3FFB1CFE0B" box="[1123,1234,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCABE6F3FFDFE1DFC47FD6B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The presence of ocelli among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3D22FE12FD52FE77" box="[538,668,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3D22FE12FD52FE77" box="[538,668,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is uncommon, although present in the queen of the extinct morphotype
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3FF5FE77FEF2FE53" box="[205,316,476,500]" class="Hexapoda" family="Formicidae" genus="Canapone" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3FF5FE77FEF2FE53" box="[205,316,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and 'probably present' in the ergatoid female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3C62FE77FC11FE53" box="[858,991,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primaeva">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3C62FE77FC11FE53" box="[858,991,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. primaeva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCABE6F3B20FE76FB71FE53" author="Wheeler" box="[1048,1215,476,500]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Wheeler, W. M. (1915) The ants of Baltic amber. Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, Abhandlungen, 55, 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1915">Wheeler, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: p. 37). The possession of ocelli is often related to an improved flight vision (Kastberger 1990), either in alate sexuals or vestigially in ergatoid specimens, as could be the case in our fossil. There is only one
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3C80FD8EFBF7FD9B" box="[952,1081,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3C80FD8EFBF7FD9B" box="[952,1081,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species with ergatoid queens in extant faunas,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3E04FDE3FD9CFDF8" authority="Emery, 1899" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1899" box="[316,594,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conradti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3E04FDE3FE79FDC7" box="[316,439,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">P. conradti</emphasis>
|
||
Emery, 1899
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but all individuals lack ocelli according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCABE6F3B7CFDEDFAAAFDF8" author="Molet" box="[1092,1380,583,607]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Molet, M. & Peeters, C. (2005) Evolution of wingless reproductives in ants: weakly specialized ergatoid queen instead of gamergates in Platythyrea conradti. Insectes Sociaux, 53, 177 - 182." type="journal article" year="2005">Molet and Peeters (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who present a brief morphological comparison between the ergatoid and the worker, which we cannot use since we only have one specimen. Therefore, it is difficult to decide whether this fossil is a worker, an ergatoid sexual or even a gamergate. We leave the caste in the diagnosis as an open question.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8D3698FFCABE6F3FFDFD72FC73FC6F" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3FFDFD72FE88FD57" box="[197,326,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3FFDFD72FE88FD57" box="[197,326,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are predominantly humid intertropical ants living in twigs, fallen dead trees and other cavities or, for larger subtropical African species, underground (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA34B69FFCABE6F3DD7FD56FC4CFCB3" author="Brown" box="[751,898,764,788]" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" refString="Brown, W. L. Jr. (1975) Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. 5. Ponerinae tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthoichini and Aenictogitini. Search: Agriculture (Cornell University, Ithaca, New York), 5 (1), 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1975">Brown 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Members of this group actively run over tree trunks during foraging activities, which may be what the fossil specimens were doing in the Early Eocene forest ecosystem of Oise, leaving them susceptible to capture by fresh resin.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3CF9FCEEFB8DFCFB" box="[961,1091,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Platythyrea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3CF9FCEEFB8DFCFB" box="[961,1091,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Platythyrea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
probably played an important role in the ecosystem and may have competed with other arboreal ants such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3B24FCC2FB60FCD8" box="[1052,1198,872,895]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Gesomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3B24FCC2FB60FCD8" box="[1052,1198,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">Gesomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3BEEFCC3FAA8FC27" box="[1238,1382,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C324D1BFFCABE6F3BEEFCC3FAACFC27" box="[1238,1378,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Tetraponera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraponera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
also found in Oise amber (Aria
|
||
<emphasis id="B946EA8AFFCABE6F3EF5FC27FDCEFC03" box="[461,512,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. in prep.). These associations reinforce the hypothesis that a humid, warm forest was spread near the northern coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3257608FFCABE6F3D06FC1BFD44FC6F" box="[574,650,945,968]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="57">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
during the earliest Eocene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |