206 lines
23 KiB
XML
206 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="636ADC1D09FDD7FD1FE09B51407808C6" ID-CLB-Dataset="68513" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6625539" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a6d8930-783d-44bc-a461-7a9aaefaeff3" ID-ISBN="978-84-941892-3-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6625539" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1654714721633" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Thomas E. Lacher, Jr & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2016" docId="03822308B76FFFD1FAF5FD27F8A6FCAD" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_6_Leporidae_0062.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Lepus mandshuricus Radde 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="FFBB5B70B747FFF9FFABFFBBFFCBF65E" masterDocTitle="Leporidae" masterLastPageNumber="148" masterPageNumber="107" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1699339205497" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="C4C8392C9FF74BB65FFEE5DE926277C9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="51D9190F18B04FAAAC083398FF51A6A7">
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<mods:title id="FA90E6243B1BD370E38DD277D9C2868D">Leporidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3508DF06748DEC942DFB3C82134EB7FD">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CA4EF2EBD3C110CC87166BADDCC56A04">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3134C8027F29E0871A789A8273AF3919">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="82FD71BB16D10587633B8717422AA1EB">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="42C35D5206A39AE5E53DF9884E24F1A1" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="0A2FA183E8CACF56EFDE511C88E3249B">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="FADB872914ADE1CAE19D5509B25974EA">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="C3554213F36CF951892D27B905A9B527">
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<mods:title id="4C7A019D5BFACFC2EA9323342B8C2A34">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<mods:start id="EC18F8FBFF797821EFD0E6C13BCDEAFF">107</mods:start>
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<treatment id="03822308B76FFFD1FAF5FD27F8A6FCAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6625494" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195832026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6625494" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03822308B76FFFD1FAF5FD27F8A6FCAD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03822308B76FFFD1FAF5FD27F8A6FCAD" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FAF5FD27FA53F494" box="[1374,1432,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FAF5FD27FA53F494" blockId="40.[1372,2321,668,756]" box="[1374,1432,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B76FFFD1FAF5FD27FA53F494" box="[1374,1432,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<figureCitation id="13108E9BB76FFFD1FAF5FD27FA53F494" box="[1374,1432,668,714]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="32.[101,131,3379,3400]" captionTargetBox="[12,2742,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="On following pages: 51. Tehuantepec Jackrabbit (Lepus flavigularis); 52. Iberian Hare (Lepus granatensis); 53. European Hare (Lepus europaeus); 54. Broom Hare (Lepus castroviejoi); 55. Corsican Hare (Lepus corsicanus); 56. White-tailed Jackrabbit (Lepus townsendii); 57. Arctic Hare (Lepus arcticus); 58. Alaskan Hare (Lepus othus); 59. Mountain Hare (Lepus timidus); 60. Japanese Hare (Lepus brachyurus); 61. Manchurian Hare (Lepus mandshuricus); 62. Korean Hare Lepus coreanus); 63. Chinese Hare (Lepus sinensis)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6625810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6625810/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">61.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FA02FD27F8D4F494" box="[1449,1823,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FA02FD27F8D4F494" blockId="40.[1372,2321,668,756]" box="[1449,1823,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B76FFFD1FA02FD27F8D4F494" box="[1449,1823,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B76FFFD1FA02FD27F8D4F494" box="[1449,1823,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Manchurian Hare</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1F8FFFD27F717F494" box="[1876,2268,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1F8FFFD27F717F494" blockId="40.[1372,2321,668,756]" box="[1876,2268,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B76FFFD1F8FFFD27F717F494" box="[1876,2268,668,714]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F8FFFD27F717F494" ID-CoL="6PPP4" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" box="[1876,2268,668,714]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1F8FFFD27F717F494" box="[1876,2268,668,714]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Lepus mandshuricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FAF5FD67F6DBF4AF" box="[1374,2320,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FAF5FD67F6DBF4AF" blockId="40.[1372,2321,668,756]" box="[1374,2320,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<heading id="D0DC2572B76FFFD1FAF5FD67F6DBF4AF" box="[1374,2320,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FAF5FD67FA62F4AF" bold="true" box="[1374,1449,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B76FFFD1FA18FD67F953F4AF" box="[1459,1688,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Lievre de Mandchourie</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1F907FD67F8CCF4AF" bold="true" box="[1708,1799,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B76FFFD1F8BAFD67F800F4AF" box="[1809,1995,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Mandschurei-Hase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1F84BFD67F7F0F4AF" bold="true" box="[2016,2107,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0528E230B76FFFD1F7EEFD67F6DBF4AF" box="[2117,2320,732,753]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Liebre de Manchuria</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1F86AFC9DF7C0F53B" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1F86AFC9DF7C0F53B" blockId="40.[1985,2579,806,1224]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1F86AFC9DF797F561" bold="true" box="[1985,2140,806,831]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F7D0FC9DF7CDF53B" ID-CoL="6PPP4" authority="Radde, 1861" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">Lepus mandshuricus Radde, 1861</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1F7B4FCFFF64EF5D3" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1F7B4FCFFF64EF5D3" blockId="40.[1985,2579,806,1224]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<materialsCitation id="3B439843B76FFFD1F7B4FCFFF64EF5D3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3805018348" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">“Bureja-Gebirge [= Bureya Mountains],” Khabarovsk Krai, Russia.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1F868FC2FF771F383" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1F868FC2FF5DAF296" blockId="40.[1985,2579,806,1224]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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It has been placed in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F66BFC2FF5C7F5EB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[2496,2572,916,949]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepus</taxonomicName>
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, then
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F7B8FC78F769F582" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1845" box="[2067,2210,963,988]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Caprolagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Caprolagus</taxonomicName>
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, later Allolagus, and back again to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F7FDFC5DF769F25D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[2134,2210,998,1027]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lepus</taxonomicName>
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. It was formerly recognized as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F68EFBB2F612F274" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1844" box="[2341,2521,1033,1066]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyurus">L. brachyurus</taxonomicName>
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but received species status. A recent genetic analysis suggests that
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F757FBE7F612F227" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" box="[2300,2521,1116,1145]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">L. mandshuricus</taxonomicName>
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has a close phylogenetic relationship with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F86FFB10F75BF296" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1875" box="[1988,2192,1195,1224]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yarkandensis">L. yarkandensis</taxonomicName>
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but not with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F6F2FB10F5C6F296" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1844" box="[2393,2573,1195,1224]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachyurus">L. brachyurus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FAF4FB74F771F383" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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Melanistic individuals throughout the entire distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F70AFB74F6B2F2AE" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" box="[2209,2425,1231,1264]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">L. mandshuricus</taxonomicName>
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were given the specific designation of L. melanius, but morphological examination and nDNA analysis revealed that L. melainus is a melanistic morph of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F72FFAA5F696F361" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" box="[2180,2397,1310,1343]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">L. mandshuricus</taxonomicName>
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. This species and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1FA0BFAFEF9FFF338" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1892" box="[1440,1588,1349,1382]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coreanus">L. coreanus</taxonomicName>
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are parapatric in their distribution in north-eastern Korea and southeastern Heilongjiang but are said to occupy different habitat types. Moreover,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F605FACAFA11F3EB" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">L. mandshuricus</taxonomicName>
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is sympatric with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F979FA2FF89DF3EB" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1746,1878,1428,1461]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timidus">L. timidus</taxonomicName>
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in forests and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F788FA2FF74AF3EB" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" box="[2083,2177,1428,1461]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">L. tolai</taxonomicName>
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in plains.
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F6BAFA2FF656F3EB" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1778" box="[2321,2461,1428,1461]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">Lepus tolai</taxonomicName>
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tends to replace
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1FA7AFA07F961F383" authorityName="Radde" authorityYear="1861" box="[1489,1706,1468,1501]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mandshuricus">L. mandshuricus</taxonomicName>
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in cleared forest habitats. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FAF4FA5CF5DAF072" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="DF54C296B76FFFD1FAF4FA5CF5DAF072" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6625685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6625685" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6625685/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" targetBox="[1371,1962,818,1224]" targetPageId="40">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FAF4FA5CF5DAF072" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FAF4FA5CF9C0F05A" bold="true" box="[1375,1547,1511,1540]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primoryie), NE China (NE Inner Mongolia = Nei Mongol, Heilongjiang,Jilin, Liaoning), and perhaps extreme NE Korea.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FACBF989F6B3F11E" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FACBF989F6B3F11E" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FACBF989F993F00D" bold="true" box="[1376,1624,1586,1619]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 410-540 mm, tail 50-80 mm, ear 80-120 mm, hindfoot 110-145 mm; weight 1:4.2-6 kg. The Manchurian Hare has soft, long, and thick fur. Dorsal fur is grayish black to blackish brown to rust-brown, and ventral fur is whitish. Chest, flanks, and legs are cinnamon. Ears are ocherous or cinnamon-buff, and neck is dull rust-brown. Tail is blackish brown above and dull white or gray below. The Manchurian Hare has seasonal variation, with pale winter fur and white belly, and some individuals even appear to be ash-gray. Melanistic individuals are common.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FACBF8FDF6D0FE5B" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FACBF8FDF6D0FE5B" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FACBF8FDFA04F139" bold="true" box="[1376,1487,1862,1895]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Mainly mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests, particularly forests of tall Mongolian oaks (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F9FCF8D6F90AF1D0" box="[1623,1729,1901,1934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||
mongolica,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F8F0F8D6F810F1D0" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1883,2011,1901,1934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and thick undergrowth of Manchurian hazelnuts (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1FA56F826F828F1E8" box="[1533,2019,1949,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="sieboldiana" variety="mandshurica">Corylus sieboldiana var. mandshurica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F85EF826F758F1E8" authorityName="S.F.Gray" authorityYear="1822" box="[2037,2195,1949,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), creepers, and vines, at elevations of 300-900 m. Hilly country with cliffs and rock outcrops is preferred. Manchurian Hares avoid open valleys, grassland, and human settlement.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FACAF7B0F8D8FE22" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FACAF7B0F8D8FE22" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FACAF7B0F9A1FE72" bold="true" box="[1377,1642,2059,2092]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The diet of the Manchurian Hare includes bark and twigs of willow, linden, maple, wild apple, birch, and elm. Manchurian Haresalso feed on various shrubs, herbs, and fallen fruits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FACAF73AFA33FEAC" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FACAF73AFA33FEAC" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FACAF73AFA2CFEFC" bold="true" box="[1377,1511,2177,2210]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Reproductive season of the Manchurian Hare starts in mid-February, and young first appear in May. Littersize is usually 1-2 young but occasionally as large as 4-5 young.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FACBF74CF60CFF1E" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FACBF74CF60CFF1E" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FACBF74CF984FF46" bold="true" box="[1376,1615,2295,2328]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Manchurian Hares are nocturnal but also active at dawn. Resting periods are spent in holes of tree trunks, and forms in open habitat are avoided.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FAC9F6FDF5C9FFD0" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FAC9F6FDF5C9FFD0" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FAC9F6FDF7FAFF39" bold="true" box="[1378,2097,2374,2407]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information for this species, but the Manchurian Hare is probably solitary, except during mating.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FAC9F62EF8E7FC22" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FAC9F62EF8E7FC22" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FAC9F62EF90BFFE8" bold="true" box="[1378,1728,2453,2486]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. The Manchurian Hare is widespread and occurs in protected areas (e.g. Honghe, Liangshui, Huanren Laotudingzi, Baishilazi, and Sanjiang national nature reserves and Xingkaihu National Geopark). Nevertheless, population status is unknown. A threat to the Manchurian Hare is habitat loss due to forest clearing, which could allow invasion of competing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE99DB76FFFD1F9A8F5E0F96FFC22" authority="Hares" authorityName="Hares" box="[1539,1700,2651,2684]" class="Mammalia" family="Leporidae" genus="Lepus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lagomorpha" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tolai">Tolai Hares</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L. tolaz).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C331C195B76FFFD1FACFF531F8A6FCAD" pageId="40" pageNumber="147" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94921EB76FFFD1FACFF531F8A6FCAD" blockId="40.[1375,2585,1231,2803]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E0CB76FFFD1FACFF531FA37FCFD" bold="true" box="[1380,1532,2698,2723]" pageId="40" pageNumber="147">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Angermann (1966, 1983), Flux & Angermann (1990), Ge Deyan et al. (2012), Hoffmann & Smith (2005), Jones & Johnson (1965), Liu Jiang et al. (2011), Loukashkin (1943), Ognev (1966), Smith (2008c), Smith & Johnston (2008m), Wu Chunhua et al. (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |