178 lines
20 KiB
XML
178 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="6364681FBD1DA0CB1410B6FA4AF913F1" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090(2003)278<0001:tsobit>2.0.co;2" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1721328199582" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="LeCROY, M. A. R. Y." docDate="2003" docId="8D160F03FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51AC8FE8E" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2003.B278.1-149.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 278 (278)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090(2003)278<0001:tsobit>2.0.co;2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4.3:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleId="25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Nilaus minor Sharpe" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="712F777BFF89FFA37C39FFF11E05FFD4" masterDocTitle="TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. PART 5. PASSERIFORMES: ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE, MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE, PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE, VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE, DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE, TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1722956412175" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="54D6384DA8C7E75DB40056FFA4338EA7">TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. PART 5. PASSERIFORMES: ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE, MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE, PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE, VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE, DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE, TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2861C970BE5B9712A96A743459673487">LeCROY, M. A. R. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="251EE67C06FF02EED70A369D275C983A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="D11145C36FF7E1B0980B33DCDE3E960A">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="318257FE09D9A10DD48DAB5CAE2059E9">
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<mods:date id="DB7E8E10B89C72025BB88763AE3A370C">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="269AA6FDE9DF35947539607C7EE6B041">2003-09-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0C0038DA22F745DAFBF5DEBDE4343ACA">278</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="4A4567BC8B2D03FBDEAB6213D35A6889" type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090(2003)278<0001:tsobit>2.0.co;2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BD8BDCBAFF0B4D7CE84DDF7B977FB5A3" type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8D160F03FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51AC8FE8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12775967" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12775967" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D160F03FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51AC8FE8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D160F03FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51AC8FE8E" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFFD7FFFD7D36FDA51FFCFDBD" box="[271,505,596,617]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51FFCFDBD" blockId="94.[271,505,596,617]" box="[271,505,596,617]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<heading id="5E480979FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51FFCFDBD" box="[271,505,596,617]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51FFCFDBD" authority="Sharpe" authorityName="Sharpe" box="[271,505,596,617]" class="Aves" family="Malaconotidae" genus="Nilaus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51FFCFDBD" bold="true" box="[271,505,596,617]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51FA5FDBD" bold="true" box="[271,416,596,617]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Nilaus minor</emphasis>
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Sharpe
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFFD7FFFD7C45FD8E1ECEFCAC" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7C45FD8E1F43FD79" blockId="94.[124,652,639,738]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="25AF993BFFD7FFFD7C45FD8E1F43FD79" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FFD7FFFD7C45FD8E1FB8FD46" author="Sharpe, R. B." box="[124,445,639,658]" page="479" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" year="1895">
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FFD7FFFD7C45FD8E1FB8FD46" authority="Sharpe, 1895: 479" authorityName="Sharpe" authorityPageNumber="479" authorityYear="1895" box="[124,445,639,658]" class="Aves" family="Malaconotidae" genus="Nilaus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7C45FD8E1EF9FD46" box="[124,252,639,658]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Nilaus minor</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7D31FD8E1FB8FD46" author="Sharpe, R. B." box="[264,445,639,658]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="457 - 520" refId="ref145489" refString="Sharpe, R. B. 1895. On a collection of birds made by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his recent expedition in western Somaliland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 457 - 520." type="book chapter" year="1895">Sharpe, 1895: 479</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(Milmil, Sibbe, The Haud, and Okoto).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7C45FD451EFEFD36" blockId="94.[124,652,639,738]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="25AF993BFFD7FFFD7C45FD451EFEFD36" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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||
Now
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FFD7FFFD7C8DFD451FEAFD13" ID-CoL="5JWC2" authority="Sharpe, 1895" authorityName="Sharpe" authorityYear="1895" box="[180,495,692,711]" class="Aves" family="Malaconotidae" genus="Nilaus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="afer" subSpecies="minor">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7C8DFD451F67FD13" box="[180,354,692,711]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Nilaus afer minor</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7D54FD451FEAFD13" author="Sharpe, R. B." box="[365,495,692,711]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="457 - 520" refId="ref145489" refString="Sharpe, R. B. 1895. On a collection of birds made by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his recent expedition in western Somaliland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 457 - 520." type="book chapter" year="1895">Sharpe, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. See
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<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FFD7FFFD7E10FD451EF2FD36" author="Fry, C. H. & S. Keith & E. K. Urban" page="473" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" year="2000">
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7E10FD451EF2FD36" author="Fry, C. H. & S. Keith & E. K. Urban" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref132645" refString="Fry, C. H., S. Keith, and E. K. Urban (editors). 2000. The birds of Africa, vol. 6. London: Academic Press, 724 pp." type="book" year="2000">Fry et al., 2000: 473</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7CAFFD091ECEFCAC" blockId="94.[124,653,760,1741]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<materialsCitation id="B5D7B448FFD7FFFD7CAFFD091ECEFCAC" collectingDate="1894-07" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Dr. A. Donaldson Smith & From & Rothschild Collection." country="Ethiopia" latitude="8.366667" location="Milmil" longLatPrecision="1301" longitude="43.85" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="AMNH 664291" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<smallCapsWord id="03E628C9FFD7FFFD7CAFFD091F0DFCD8" baselines="776,776" box="[150,264,760,781]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Lectotype" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7CAFFD091F0DFCD8" box="[150,264,760,781]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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</smallCapsWord>
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:
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<specimenCode id="5519166EFFD7FFFD7D24FD091FCEFCD9" box="[285,459,760,781]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">AMNH 664291</specimenCode>
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, adult male, collected at
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<location id="0060E8CEFFD7FFFD7CE7FCE21F2CFCFC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D160F03FFD7FFFD7D36FDA51AC8FE8E:0060E8CEFFD7FFFD7CE7FCE21F2CFCFC" box="[222,297,787,808]" country="Ethiopia" latitude="8.366667" longLatPrecision="1301" longitude="43.85" name="Milmil" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Milmil</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="608BD8D2FFD7FFFD7D0CFCE21F8BFCFC" box="[309,398,785,808]" degrees="08" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="8.366667">08°22′N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="608BD8D2FFD7FFFD7DA3FCE21FEBFCFC" box="[410,494,785,808]" degrees="43" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" precision="925" value="43.85">43°51′E</geoCoordinate>
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(Times Atlas),
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<collectingCountry id="7DA8FE85FFD7FFFD7C45FCDC1ED2FC96" box="[124,215,813,834]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
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, on 27 (not 2)
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<date id="710198D5FFD7FFFD7D4FFCDC1FE4FC96" box="[374,481,813,834]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="1894-07">
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<collectingDate id="6145613DFFD7FFFD7D4FFCDC1FE4FC96" box="[374,481,813,834]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="1894-07">July 1894</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, by
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<collectorName id="A84ADBC3FFD7FFFD7E37FCDC1F0DFC89" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Dr. A. Donaldson Smith</collectorName>
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(no. 94).
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<collectorName id="A84ADBC3FFD7FFFD7D41FCB91FB4FC89" box="[376,433,840,861]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">From</collectorName>
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the
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<collectorName id="A84ADBC3FFD7FFFD7DDDFCB91ECEFCAC" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Rothschild Collection.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFFD7FFFD7CAFFC8C1AC8FE8E" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7CAFFC8C1EE1FADC" blockId="94.[124,653,760,1741]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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||
<smallCapsWord id="03E628C9FFD7FFFD7CAFFC8C1F0DFC46" baselines="909,910" box="[150,264,893,914]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">COMMENTS</smallCapsWord>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7D20FC8C1FEEFC46" author="Sharpe, R. B." box="[281,491,893,914]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="457 - 520" refId="ref145489" refString="Sharpe, R. B. 1895. On a collection of birds made by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his recent expedition in western Somaliland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 457 - 520." type="book chapter" year="1895">Sharpe (1895: 480)</bibRefCitation>
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did not designate a type, but listed
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<specimenCount id="13B9759CFFD7FFFD7DBEFC691C35FC79" box="[391,560,920,941]" count="4" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
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, two of which came to AMNH with the Rothschild Collection. The male specimen listed above has ‘‘Co et Topotypus’’ on the reverse of the Rothschild label marked out and ‘‘Typus’’ written in. When discussing the subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FFD7FFFD7DFDFBEF1F38FB99" authority=", Neumann (1907 a: 362 - 363)" authorityName="Neumann" authorityPageNumber="362 - 363" authorityYear="1907" class="Aves" family="Malaconotidae" genus="Nilaus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="afer">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7DFDFBEF1C16FBE7" box="[452,531,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">N. afer</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7E1EFBEC1F38FB99" author="Neumann, O." pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="343 - 379" refId="ref141468" refString="Neumann, O. 1907 a. Revisionen afrikanischer Vogelgruppen. Journal fur Ornithologie 55: 343 - 379." type="journal article" year="1907">Neumann (1907a: 362–363)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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listed
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FFD7FFFD7DB6FBC91FC8FB99" box="[399,461,1080,1101]" class="Aves" family="Malaconotidae" genus="Nilaus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7DB6FBC91FC8FB99" box="[399,461,1080,1101]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as one of them. Among the specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FFD7FFFD7DA3FBA21FDDFBBC" box="[410,472,1107,1128]" class="Aves" family="Malaconotidae" genus="Nilaus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="minor">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FFD7FFFD7DA3FBA21FDDFBBC" box="[410,472,1107,1128]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">minor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that he studied, he listed the
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<specimenCount id="13B9759CFFD7FFFD7D30FB9C1F90FB56" box="[265,405,1133,1154]" count="2" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">two syntypes</specimenCount>
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in the Rothschild Museum: ‘‘ϐ Milmil (Typus der Art) und
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<specimenCount id="13B9759CFFD7FFFD7E0DFB791C4DFB49" box="[564,584,1160,1181]" count="1" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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Haud von Donaldson Smith gesammelt’’. In so doing, he designated the Milmil specimen the
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7E1FFB4C1C8CFB06" box="[550,649,1213,1234]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
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. The Haud specimen, AMNH 664292, is a
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7E6EFB291EDAFADC" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7CAFFAFC1ECAF9A9" blockId="94.[124,653,760,1741]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7CAFFAFC1F62FAF6" author="Hartert, E." box="[150,359,1293,1314]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="425 - 505" refId="ref135555" refString="Hartert, E. 1920. Types of birds in the Tring Museum. B. Types in the general collection (cont'd). Novitates Zoologicae 27: 425 - 505." type="journal article" year="1920">Hartert (1920: 449)</bibRefCitation>
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did not agree with this interpretation: ‘‘... this can only be a
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7E37FAD91C6EFAE9" box="[526,619,1320,1341]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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, as the ϐ ad. from Okoto,
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||
<date id="710198D5FFD7FFFD7DBCFAB21FEFFA8C" box="[389,490,1347,1368]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" value="1894-09-08">8.ix.1894</date>
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, in the British Museum is there marked as the type by the author.’’ However, the presence of ‘‘Typus’’ written on the BMNH label does not give that specimen
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7C45FA5C1ED2FA16" box="[124,215,1453,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
status.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7D13FA5C1C89FA16" author="Warren, R. L. M. & C. J. O. Harrison" box="[298,652,1453,1474]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref147914" refString="Warren, R. L. M., and C. J. O. Harrison. 1971. Type-specimens of birds in the British Museum (Natural History), vol. 2. Passerines. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), 628 pp." type="book" year="1971">Warren and Harrison (1971: 356)</bibRefCitation>
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referred to the adult male from Okoto in BMNH as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7C8FFA121F0FFA2C" box="[182,266,1507,1528]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
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, and
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7D75FA121EA9F9C6" author="Meyer de Schauensee, R." pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="123 - 246" refId="ref140964" refString="Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1957. On some avian types, principally Gould's, in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 109: 123 - 246." type="journal article" year="1957">Meyer de Schauensee (1957: 220)</bibRefCitation>
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similarly referred to the male from Sibbe at the PNAS as a cotype (=
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7DB5F9E91FE7F9F9" box="[396,482,1560,1581]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
). However, with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7C45F9C21F8CF99C" author="Neumann, O." box="[124,393,1587,1608]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="343 - 379" refId="ref141468" refString="Neumann, O. 1907 a. Revisionen afrikanischer Vogelgruppen. Journal fur Ornithologie 55: 343 - 379." type="journal article" year="1907">Neumann’s (1907a: 363)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
designation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7E5CF9C21EC5F9B6" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, both of these specimens became
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7E01F9BC1ECEF9A9" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0500BE15FFD7FFFD7CAFF9721AC8FE8E" blockId="94.[124,653,760,1741]" lastBlockId="94.[700,1229,192,346]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
|
||
The date of collection of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7DFCF9721C20F94C" box="[453,549,1667,1688]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is written as 2.7.7.1894 on the original label. Dates on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7E6EF96C1F77F919" author="Donaldson Smith, A." pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref132361" refString="Donaldson Smith, A. 1897. Through unknown African countries. London: Edward Arnold." type="book" year="1897">Donaldson Smith’s (1897)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
map no. 1 for the area around Milmil are 27–30 July, the Haud specimen was collected on 24 July, and the Sibbe specimen was collected on 3 August (according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD78B1FF041DD1FEF1" author="Meyer de Schauensee, R." pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="123 - 246" refId="ref140964" refString="Meyer de Schauensee, R. 1957. On some avian types, principally Gould's, in the collection of the Academy. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 109: 123 - 246." type="journal article" year="1957">Meyer de Schauensee, 1957: 220</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), not 3 July as cited by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FFD7FFFD7E85FEDA1D8FFE94" author="Sharpe, R. B." box="[700,906,299,320]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" pagination="457 - 520" refId="ref145489" refString="Sharpe, R. B. 1895. On a collection of birds made by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith during his recent expedition in western Somaliland. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 457 - 520." type="book chapter" year="1895">Sharpe (1895: 480)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Because of these correlations, I think that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FFD7FFFD7F67FEB41DBBFE8E" box="[862,958,325,346]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected on 27 July.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |