153 lines
18 KiB
XML
153 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="EAE9A0EA20620E5F0CF34346C9AFB271" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090(2003)278<0001:tsobit>2.0.co;2" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1721328199582" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="LeCROY, M. A. R. Y." docDate="2003" docId="8D160F03FF09FF237CD9FF311EFDF9FB" docLanguage="en" docName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2003.B278.1-149.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 278 (278)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0090(2003)278<0001:tsobit>2.0.co;2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4.3:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleId="25EFC9A7B3A675566A5530656FFE3DF4" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.chapters" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Toxostoma lecontei Lawrence 1851" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="129" masterDocId="712F777BFF89FFA37C39FFF11E05FFD4" masterDocTitle="TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. PART 5. PASSERIFORMES: ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE, MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE, PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE, VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE, DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE, TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE" masterLastPageNumber="156" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="129" updateTime="1722956412175" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="9F60248261B134653E7E21D0E8A34818">TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. PART 5. PASSERIFORMES: ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE, MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE, PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE, VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE, DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE, TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="517FA6818F74917F17C0BC714DF0280D">LeCROY, M. A. R. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4BC548636F98FB793F88B8AA45A9FB7C">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="356A30818793DBB858124B5D0DF0C663">2003</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="86D1C2F97D377A60C8CA45AF57402212" type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0090(2003)278<0001:tsobit>2.0.co;2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8D160F03FF09FF237CD9FF311EFDF9FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12776058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12776058" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D160F03FF09FF237CD9FF311EFDF9FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D160F03FF09FF237CD9FF311EFDF9FB" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFF09FF237CD9FF311C2CFF01" box="[224,553,192,213]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237CD9FF311C2CFF01" blockId="128.[224,553,192,213]" box="[224,553,192,213]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<heading id="5E480979FF09FF237CD9FF311C2CFF01" box="[224,553,192,213]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FF09FF237CD9FF311C2CFF01" ID-CoL="57MNW" authority="Lawrence" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1851" box="[224,553,192,213]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Toxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lecontei">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FF09FF237CD9FF311C2CFF01" bold="true" box="[224,553,192,213]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FF09FF237CD9FF311FB7FF01" bold="true" box="[224,434,192,213]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Toxostoma lecontei</emphasis>
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Lawrence
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFF09FF237C45FF1F1EBBFE52" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237C45FF1F1C73FEC8" blockId="128.[124,654,238,390]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="25AF993BFF09FF237C45FF1F1C73FEC8" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FF09FF237C45FF1F1C10FED5" author="Lawrence, G. N." box="[124,533,238,257]" page="121" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" year="1851">
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FF09FF237C45FF1F1C10FED5" ID-CoL="57MNW" authority="Lawrence, 1851: 121" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="1851" box="[124,533,238,257]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Toxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lecontei">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FF09FF237C45FF1F1F32FED5" box="[124,311,238,257]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Toxostoma lecontei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237D7DFF1F1C10FED5" author="Lawrence, G. N." box="[324,533,238,257]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="121 - 123" refId="ref138075" refString="Lawrence, G. N. 1851. Descriptions of new species of birds, of the genera Toxostoma Wagler, Tyrannula Swainson, and Plectrophanes Mey- er. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History in New York 5: 121 - 123." type="journal article" year="1851">Lawrence, 1851: 121</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237E1EFF1F1C8CFED5" box="[551,649,238,257]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">California</collectingRegion>
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, near the junction of the Gila and
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237DECFEF81C2EFEC8" box="[469,555,265,284]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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rivers).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237C45FED21EBBFE52" blockId="128.[124,654,238,390]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="25AF993BFF09FF237C45FED21EBBFE52" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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Now
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<taxonomicName id="C2BFC596FF09FF237C8BFED21C5AFEE2" ID-CoL="5LKMF" authority="Lawrence, 1851" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1851" box="[178,607,291,310]" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" genus="Toxostoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lecontei" subSpecies="lecontei">
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<emphasis id="37CB6207FF09FF237C8BFED21FB9FEE2" box="[178,444,291,310]" italics="true" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Toxostoma lecontei lecontei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237DFCFED21C5AFEE2" author="Lawrence, G. N." box="[453,607,291,310]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="121 - 123" refId="ref138075" refString="Lawrence, G. N. 1851. Descriptions of new species of birds, of the genera Toxostoma Wagler, Tyrannula Swainson, and Plectrophanes Mey- er. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History in New York 5: 121 - 123." type="journal article" year="1851">Lawrence, 1851</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. See
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237CADFECF1F43FE85" author="Zink, R. M. & R. C. Blackwell & O. Rojas-Soto" box="[148,326,318,337]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="132 - 138" refId="ref148893" refString="Zink, R. M., R. C. Blackwell and O. Rojas-Soto. 1997. Species limits in the Le Conte's Thrasher. Condor 99: 132 - 138." type="journal article" year="1997">Zink et al., 1997</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237D6FFECF1F82FE85" author="Zink, R. M. & D. L. Dittmann & J. Klicka & R. C. Blackwell-Rago" box="[342,391,318,337]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" pagination="1021 - 1038" refId="ref148927" refString="Zink, R. M., D. L. Dittmann, J. Klicka and R. C. Blackwell-Rago. 1999. Evolutionary patterns of morphometrics, allozymes, and mitochondrial DNA in thrashers (genus Toxostoma). Auk 116: 1021 - 1038." type="journal article" year="1999">1999</bibRefCitation>
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, American Ornithologists’ Union, 1998: 521, and
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<treatmentCitation id="841E9804FF09FF237D47FEA81EBFFE52" author="Brewer, D. & B. K. MacKay" page="238" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237D47FEA81EBFFE52" author="Brewer, D. & B. K. MacKay" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref129542" refString="Brewer, D., and B. K. MacKay. 2001. Wrens, dippers and thrashers. New Haven: Yale University Press, 272 pp." type="book" year="2001">Brewer and MacKay, 2001: 238</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFF09FF237CAFFE6E1EA9FDCB" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237CAFFE6E1EA9FDCB" blockId="128.[124,653,415,1583]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<materialsCitation id="B5D7B448FF09FF237CAFFE6E1EA9FDCB" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="Dr. John L. LeConte. From & George N. Lawrence Collection." location="Fort Yuma" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" specimenCode="AMNH 39427" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Colorado" typeStatus="holotype">
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<smallCapsWord id="03E628C9FF09FF237CAFFE6E1F05FE67" baselines="431,431" box="[150,256,415,436]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Holotype" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF09FF237CAFFE6E1F05FE67" box="[150,256,415,436]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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||
</smallCapsWord>
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:
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<specimenCode id="5519166EFF09FF237D2BFE6E1FB5FE60" box="[274,432,415,436]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">AMNH 39427</specimenCode>
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, unsexed adult, collected near the junction of the Gila and
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237E12FE4B1C89FE1B" box="[555,652,442,463]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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rivers (=
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<location id="0060E8CEFF09FF237CDEFE241F5BFE3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D160F03FF09FF237CD9FF311EFDF9FB:0060E8CEFF09FF237CDEFE241F5BFE3E" box="[231,350,469,490]" name="Fort Yuma" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" stateProvince="Colorado">Fort Yuma</location>
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),
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237D4AFE241FE5FE3E" box="[371,480,469,490]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">California</collectingRegion>
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, by
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<collectorName id="A84ADBC3FF09FF237E28FE241F25FDD0" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Dr. John L. LeConte. From</collectorName>
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the
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<collectorName id="A84ADBC3FF09FF237D6DFE1E1EA9FDCB" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">George N. Lawrence Collection.</collectorName>
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DA5ED9EFF09FF237CAFFDD41EFDF9FB" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237CAFFDD41EEEFCDB" blockId="128.[124,653,415,1583]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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||
<smallCapsWord id="03E628C9FF09FF237CAFFDD41F0DFDED" baselines="565,565" box="[150,264,549,570]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">COMMENTS</smallCapsWord>
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:
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<specimenCount id="13B9759CFF09FF237D2FFDD41FC3FDEE" box="[278,454,549,570]" count="3" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
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of this taxon came to AMNH with the Lawrence Collection. The above specimen is the only one collected by LeConte. The original LeConte label is not present. The Lawrence label gives the locality as Gila
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237C45FD5B1EB3FD6B" box="[124,182,682,703]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">River</collectingRegion>
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on the back and on the front ‘‘California’’, which has been crossed out and Fort Yuma added, probably by Lawrence. It is marked ‘‘type’’ by Lawrence.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237CAFFCE41F76FB3B" blockId="128.[124,653,415,1583]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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In the original description, only the LeConte specimen is mentioned. At least one of the other specimens has no standing as a
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF09FF237DC9FCBB1C48FC8B" box="[496,589,842,863]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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. It is AMNH 39248, and unlike most of Lawrence’s specimens, it still has the original field label attached. It was collected by F. Stephens (no. 2729),
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<date id="710198D5FF09FF237C45FC441F17FC1E" box="[124,274,949,970]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" value="1885-04-08">8 April 1885</date>
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, Agua Caliente,
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237DEDFC441C30FC1E" box="[468,565,949,970]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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Desert, and was sexed as a female. Someone has added to the Lawrence Collection label ‘‘[Palm Springs, Calif.]’’, and this is correct as Palm Springs is today surrounded by the Agua Caliente Indian Reservation in the
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237D7AFBCB1FA1FB9B" box="[323,420,1082,1103]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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Desert (
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237DC5FBCB1EA3FBBE" author="Seltzer, L. E." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref145149" refString="Seltzer, L. E. (editor). 1962. The Columbia Lippincott gazetteer of the world. New York: Columbia University Press, 2148 pp. + suppl., 22 pp." type="book" year="1962">Seltzer, 1962: 434</bibRefCitation>
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, 1418). Obviously, it was collected too late to have been in Lawrence’s hand when the taxon was described. The second specimen, AMNH 39249, was also collected by Stephens, but the field label is missing. It probably also has no standing as a
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF09FF237D28FB2B1F6BFB3B" box="[273,366,1242,1263]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0500BE15FF09FF237CAFFB041EFDF9FB" blockId="128.[124,653,415,1583]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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The
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF09FF237CF1FB041F26FADE" box="[200,291,1269,1290]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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was collected by John Lawrence LeConte, a wellknown entomologist, who traveled from San Diego across the Sonoran Desert to the eastern border of
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237D4FFAB41FCFFA8E" box="[374,458,1349,1370]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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in the early 1850s (
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237CBAFAAE1C0BFAA0" author="Mearns, B. & R. Mearns" box="[131,526,1375,1396]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref140395" refString="Mearns, B., and R. Mearns. 1992. Audubon to Xantus. The lives of those commemorated in North American bird names. London: Academic Press, 588 pp." type="book" year="1992">Mearns and Mearns, 1992: 273–277</bibRefCitation>
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||
). Along the way he collected the
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<typeStatus id="DA0400B7FF09FF237D66FA8B1FBFFA5B" box="[351,442,1402,1423]" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of this taxon ‘‘near the junction of the
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237D67FA641FBAFA7E" box="[350,447,1429,1450]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Colorado</collectingRegion>
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and Gila rivers.’’ This is where Fort Yuma (now Yuma,
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<collectingRegion id="C77B70F7FF09FF237E09FA5E1C83FA10" box="[560,646,1455,1476]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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) was situated. It seems immaterial to query which side of the river the bird came from (
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<bibRefCitation id="612EC3E4FF09FF237E0CFA141EF2F9C0" author="Phillips, A. R." pageId="128" pageNumber="129" refId="ref142880" refString="Phillips, A. R. 1986. The known birds of North and Middle America. Part 1. Denver: Allan R. Phillips, 259 pp." type="book" year="1986">Phillips, 1986: 193</bibRefCitation>
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; American Ornithologists’ Union, 1998: 521).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |