408 lines
46 KiB
XML
408 lines
46 KiB
XML
<document id="1D9CFF8FD79A63739F1A29243F805921" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.273951" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d409284a-89b9-4ac1-8c6b-fff8b3d1d054" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="273951" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459963464947" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Campos, Carlos J. A., Marques, Antonio C. & Migotto, Alvaro E." docDate="2007" docId="3F26D74DFFC28932FF726D19FE12FEDC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01627p022.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1627" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Zyzzyzus spongicolus" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="C31FAF35FFC4893BFFE56936FF8CFFF6" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the genus Zyzzyzus Stechow, 1921 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Tubulariidae)" masterLastPageNumber="22" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1698230989788" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D6CF051F9B461582EE5AF1DDFCA81F3B">
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<mods:title id="B3FE9DF8072AFE32D3C8390EEED3A791">A taxonomic revision of the genus Zyzzyzus Stechow, 1921 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Tubulariidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D0F781E7F6147317F7BC815492B5F983" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0ADBEE877432CC2AC2861E08786DB444">Campos, Carlos J. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E72CEBE85B18EDEC83E5027E066F0CC8">Marques, Antonio C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="FD1050741227606EB49BCEF8AEAD29BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="8EFC0B8F31331826529F39E9C99B66FE">Migotto, Alvaro E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="17FF5119233C33238AE0EAD935C657EE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9D96F79D6E53E1D5A92EAB43070C8AA5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="43C66CDF8356135D889029EEB6C79B99">
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<mods:date id="F6B4A3E5594DED853985E3ED17B4373C">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="AA9BF3A20013E97EC0A071B9340DDC05" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3DA0A7F0656DC0AFC385293C918071E1">1627</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="9E10116B424B639A3C78976E69737152" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.273951</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3F26D74DFFC28932FF726D19FE12FEDC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6244326" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119377086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6244326" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3F26D74DFFC28932FF726D19FE12FEDC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3F26D74DFFC28932FF726D19FE12FEDC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC2893DFF726D19FF60FB9A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893DFF726D19FD32FBBF" blockId="6.[151,702,1071,1132]" box="[151,702,1071,1097]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="EC78D137FFC2893DFF726D19FD32FBBF" bold="true" box="[151,702,1071,1097]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF726D19FD32FBBF" bold="true" box="[151,702,1071,1097]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC2893DFF726D19FE1BFBBF" ID-CoL="7GJRY" box="[151,407,1071,1097]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
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<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF726D19FE1BFBBF" bold="true" box="[151,407,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zyzzyzus spongicolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(von
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<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFE386D19FD3AFBBF" author="Lendenfeld" box="[477,694,1071,1097]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1884) Das system der medusen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 8, 425 - 429." type="journal article" year="1884">Lendenfeld, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893DFF726D64FF60FB9A" blockId="6.[151,702,1071,1132]" box="[151,236,1106,1132]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<tableCitation id="FA0D53E0FFC2893DFF726D64FF60FB9A" box="[151,236,1106,1132]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements of Zyzzyzus spongicolus, paratypes, from Popes Eye Reef and Point Wilson, Australia." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Table 3</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC2893DFF726D94FCCBFB4F" box="[151,839,1186,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893DFF726D94FCCBFB4F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1186,1305]" box="[151,839,1186,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="979F4175FFC2893DFF726D94FCCBFB4F" box="[151,839,1186,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC2893DFF726D94FEF0FB4F" ID-CoL="59K3L" box="[151,380,1186,1209]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicola">
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<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF726D94FEF0FB4F" box="[151,380,1186,1209]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tubularia spongicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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von
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<treatmentCitation id="362E404AFFC2893DFE546D94FD2AFB4F" author="Lendenfeld" box="[433,678,1186,1209]" page="597" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1884">
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<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFE546D94FDFDFB4F" author="Lendenfeld" box="[433,625,1186,1209]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1884) Das system der medusen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 8, 425 - 429." type="journal article" year="1884">Lendenfeld, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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: 597
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 26, fig. 50.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC2893DFF726DF4FAB1FAEF" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893DFF726DF4FE11FB0F" blockId="6.[151,1436,1186,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="979F4175FFC2893DFF726DF4FE11FB0F" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC2893DFF726DF4FEF5FB2F" ID-CoL="7GJRY" box="[151,377,1218,1241]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
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<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF726DF4FEF5FB2F" box="[151,377,1218,1241]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zyzzyzus spongicolus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
;—
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<treatmentCitation id="362E404AFFC2893DFE7F6DF4FDE9FB2F" author="Watson" box="[410,613,1218,1241]" page="303" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1978">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFE7F6DF4FDBDFB2F" author="Watson" box="[410,561,1218,1241]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 303
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 1, C–M; 1982: 85, pl. 7.4, fig. 4.6 a.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="362E404AFFC2893DFBCB6DF4FA8CFB2F" author="Petersen" box="[1070,1280,1218,1241]" page="178" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1990">
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<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFBCB6DF4FB5DFB2F" author="Petersen" box="[1070,1233,1218,1241]" pageId="6" pageNumber="21" refString="Petersen, K. W. (1990) Evolution and taxonomy in capitate hydroids and medusae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 100, 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1990">Petersen, 1990</bibRefCitation>
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: 178
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.—Marques & Migotto, 2001: 469.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893DFF726C34FAB1FAEF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1186,1305]" box="[151,1341,1282,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="979F4175FFC2893DFF726C34FAB1FAEF" box="[151,1341,1282,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC2893DFF726C34FEFCFAEF" ID-CoL="59K3L" box="[151,368,1282,1305]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicola">
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<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF726C34FEFCFAEF" box="[151,368,1282,1305]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Zyzzyzus spongicola</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
;—
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<treatmentCitation id="362E404AFFC2893DFE756C34FDEBFAEF" author="Rudman" box="[400,615,1282,1305]" page="421" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1981">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFE756C34FDBEFAEF" author="Rudman" box="[400,562,1282,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Rudman, W. B. (1981) Polyp mimicry in a new species of aeolid nudibranch mollusc. Journal of the Zoological Society of London, 193, 421 - 427." type="journal article" year="1981">Rudman, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 421
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 1, fig. 1.—
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||
<treatmentCitation id="362E404AFFC2893DFCE66C34FC6AFAEF" author="Edmunds" box="[771,998,1282,1305]" page="189" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1987">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFCE66C34FC3FFAEF" author="Edmunds" box="[771,947,1282,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="20" refString="Edmunds, M. (1987) Color in opisthobranchs. American Malacological Bulletin, 5 (2), 185 - 196." type="journal article" year="1987">Edmunds, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 189
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
[incorrect subsequent spelling].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC2893DFF726C7CFA91FA2A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893DFF726C7CFA91FA2A" blockId="6.[151,1437,1354,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF726C7CFE01FA92" bold="true" box="[151,397,1354,1380]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Preserved:
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<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFC2893DFDFF6C7CFD06FA92" box="[538,650,1354,1380]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
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||
: Victoria, Port Phillip Bay, Popes Eye Reef (ca. 38°S,
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<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFC2893DFAFF6C7CFA01FA92" box="[1306,1421,1354,1380]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="144.83333">144°50’E</geoCoordinate>
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||
),
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<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFF726C44FF59FA7A" box="[151,213,1394,1420]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
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||
,
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<date id="C331409BFFC2893DFF056C44FEE3FA7A" box="[224,367,1394,1420]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1999-01-29">
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29
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<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC2893DFEE16C44FEE3FA7A" author="Jan" box="[260,367,1394,1420]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Stepanjants, S. D. & Svoboda, A. (1999) Genera and species of Antarctic Corymorphinae with the discussion concerning structure of this subfamily. Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 281, 47 - 54." type="journal article" year="1999">Jan 1999</bibRefCitation>
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||
</date>
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, about 40 polyps with gonophores, embedded in sponges, in two samples, coll. and det. J.E. Watson,
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||
<collectionCode id="D19EFE9EFFC2893DFF186CACFED3FA42" box="[253,351,1434,1460]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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||
1978 and
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<collectionCode id="D19EFE9EFFC2893DFE3E6CACFDB1FA42" box="[475,573,1434,1460]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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||
1977; Port Phillip Bay, Point Wilson (ca. 38°S,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFC2893DFB936CACFB66FA42" box="[1142,1258,1434,1460]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="144.83333">144°50’E</geoCoordinate>
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||
), 0
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||
<date id="C331409BFFC2893DFAEA6CACFA1BFA42" box="[1295,1431,1434,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1999-04-06">6 Apr 1999</date>
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||
, about 125 polyps with gonophores, embedded in sponge, coll. and det. J.E. Watson,
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<collectionCode id="D19EFE9EFFC2893DFB946CF4FB5FFA2A" box="[1137,1235,1474,1500]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">MZUSP</collectionCode>
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||
1976.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC2893CFF236CDCFC87FD64" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC2893CFF236CDCFEF9FEDC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1354,2020]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC2893DFF236CDCFED3F9F2" bold="true" box="[198,351,1514,1540]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Hydroids 1.4–4.0 mm in height; hydrocaulus stiff, embedded on horny and soft sponges by expanded hydrorhiza. Hydrorhiza with several bulbous or finger-shaped processes, varied in morphology and length. Hydranth vasiform, hydranth body 0.7–1.0 mm high, 0.2–1.0 mm in maximum diameter. Oral tentacles filiform,
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFEDF6F54FE1AF98A" box="[314,406,1634,1660]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 in</quantity>
|
||
number, in one whorl, adnate to hypostome around mouth; tentacles circular in cross section throughout. Aboral tentacles filiform,
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFD356FBCFCB1F952" box="[720,829,1674,1700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.556" metricValueMax="4.318" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="14.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="11.0">11–17 in</quantity>
|
||
number, evenly spaced in one whorl at base of hydranth body; tentacles ovate in cross section at bases, circular in cross section at distal free part,
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFAA16F84FF49F902" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFEF76FECFE30F902" box="[274,444,1754,1780]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.07" valueMax="0.11" valueMin="0.03">0.03–0.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
in maximum diameter. Fertile hydranths with 4–7 blastostyles, in one whorl above aboral tentacles. Hydranths monoecious, each blastostyle with 2–6 cryptomedusoid gonophores in different developmental stages; male and female gonophores on same blastostyles. Developing male gonophores oval, almost spherical in later developmental stages, with visible spadix,
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFC286E64FBF0F89A" box="[973,1148,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.39" valueMax="0.51" valueMin="0.27">0.27–0.51 mm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC2893DFB286E64FAF6F89A" box="[1229,1402,1874,1900]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.07" valueMax="0.11" valueMin="0.03">0.03–0.11 mm</quantity>
|
||
in maximum diameter. Female gonophores with raised collar around orifice at distal region in later developmental stages, enlarged, with up to 3 actinulae. Hydrocaulus flexible, sometimes twisted or bent in several directions, covered by thin perisarc, slightly thickened at basal part of hydrocaulus. Perisarc secreted at region above circular groove, between hydrocaulus and hydranth base. Hydrocaulus sometimes with small tubular hydrorhizal processes at most proximal region and marked by sets of transverse grooves at distal region. Coenosarc of hydrocaulus with endodermal canals, anastomosed along hydrocaulus length at region above thickened perisarc.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF236801FBEFFE3C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF236801FECCFEA7" bold="true" box="[198,320,311,337]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cnidome.</emphasis>
|
||
Large stenoteles 8.5–11.8 x 7.3–10.8 Μm (10.4 ± 0.97 x 9.5 ± 1.06, n = 14); small stenoteles 5.3–5.5 x 4.3–4.6 Μm (5.4 ± 0.15 x 4.5 ± 0.25, n = 2); basitrichous isorhizae 6.1–7.6 x 2.2–3.7 Μm (6.6 ± 0.49 x 2.7 ± 0.49, n = 7); heterotrichous microbasic euryteles 6.5–8.6 x 3.3–4.3 Μm (7.3 ± 0.73 x 3.7 ± 0,31, n = 15); desmonemes 3.2–4.6 x 2.6–3.0 Μm (3.6 ± 0.39 x 2.8 ± 0.12, n = 9) (hydranth).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF2368E1FF6FFDB4" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF2368E1FE1FFE07" bold="true" box="[198,403,471,497]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Additional data.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFE7968EEFDC6FE04" author="Watson" box="[412,586,472,498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described 12 endodermal canals communicating with the gastral cavity of the hydranth. Main body of actinulae
|
||
<quantity id="7077CBBEFFC3893CFD946B36FC81FDEC" box="[625,781,512,538]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="mm" value="0.275" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.25">0.25–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, supporting 10–12 aboral tentacles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFAA76B36FF5AFDB4" author="Watson" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF236B79FC87FD64" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF236B79FE97FD9F" bold="true" box="[198,283,591,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
. Hydranth and tentacles translucent white, main body of the hydranth red, actinulae white, spadix of well developed gonophores orange (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFDBA6B4EFD72FD64" author="Watson" box="[607,766,632,658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC3893CFF236BA9FDF7FCAC" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF236BA9FF7AFD14" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF236BA9FE85FD4F" bold="true" box="[198,265,671,697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6834D8F9FFC3893CFF236BA9FE8DFD4F" box="[198,257,671,697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFEF16B96FD9EFD4F" box="[276,530,672,697]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFEF16B96FD9EFD4F" box="[276,530,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tubularia spongicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFDB56B96FCA3FD4C" author="Lendenfeld" box="[592,815,672,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1884) Das system der medusen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 8, 425 - 429." type="journal article" year="1884">Lendenfeld (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, AM G10809 and AM G10789 [cf. von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFAF36B96FF67FD14" author="Lendenfeld" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1884) Das system der medusen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 8, 425 - 429." type="journal article" year="1884">Lendenfeld (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF236BD9FDF7FCAC" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF236BD9FE4AFCFF" bold="true" box="[198,454,751,777]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Additional material.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFC3893CFE2A6BC6FDB3FCFC" box="[463,575,752,778]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Victoria, Port Phillip Bay, Popes Eye Reef (ca. 38°S,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFC3893CFB356BC6FACFFCFC" box="[1232,1347,752,778]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="144.83333">144°50’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), about 30-40 polyps embedded in sponge, in two samples; about 125 polyps embedded in sponge; New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFC3893CFAAB6A2EFA14FCC4" box="[1358,1432,792,818]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Port Jackson, AM G10809, AM G10798.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFC38933FF236A51FEFBF819" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF236A51FF6CFB84" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF236A51FECCFC77" bold="true" box="[198,320,871,897]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The diagnostic characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFD466A5EFCDCFC77" box="[675,848,872,897]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFD466A5EFCDCFC77" box="[675,848,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are male and female gonophores growing on the same blastostyle (although this character is not known for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFCDA6AA6FC5BFC5F" box="[831,983,912,937]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="floridanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFCDA6AA6FC5BFC5F" box="[831,983,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. floridanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of the scarcity of fertile material), and the raised collar around the orifice in female gonophores. In fact, the species is quite similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFA616A8EFF7FFC0F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="warreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFA616A8EFF7FFC0F" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. warreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The tenuous diagnosis of the species was noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFCB36AD6FBA4FC0C" author="Calder" box="[854,1064,992,1018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder (1988: 50)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who stated: “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFB2B6AD6FAC4FC0F" box="[1230,1352,992,1017]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="warreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFB2B6AD6FAC4FC0F" box="[1230,1352,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. warreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFF3C6D3EFE0AFBD7" box="[217,390,1032,1057]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF3C6D3EFE0AFBD7" box="[217,390,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having male and female gonophores on separate blastostyles instead of on the same ones […]. From the existing descriptions, the two seem otherwise remarkably similar and may prove conspecific.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF206DB6FB22FA7C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Reports of monoecy in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFE3D6DB6FDB2FB6F" box="[472,574,1152,1177]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFE3D6DB6FDB2FB6F" box="[472,574,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zyzzyzus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are somewhat confused in the literature.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFBC76DB6FB4AFB6C" author="Calder" box="[1058,1222,1152,1178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="20" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988">Calder (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
defined the genus as monoecious, and Marques & Migotto (2001) extended this interpretation to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFBD36D9EFB6DFB37" box="[1078,1249,1192,1217]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFBD36D9EFB6DFB37" box="[1078,1249,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFB156D9EFAEEFB37" box="[1264,1378,1192,1217]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="calderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFB156D9EFAEEFB37" box="[1264,1378,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. calderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFF726DE6FE9EFB1F" box="[151,274,1232,1257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="warreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF726DE6FE9EFB1F" box="[151,274,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. warreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in their study based both on Petersen’s (1990) data and on the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFB726DE6FA9DFB1F" box="[1175,1297,1232,1257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="warreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFB726DE6FA9DFB1F" box="[1175,1297,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. warreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFAD86DE6FEF8FAE4" author="Migotto" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="Migotto, A. E. & Silveira, F. L. (1987) Hidroides (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) do litoral sudeste e sul do Brasil: Halocordylidae, Tubulariidae e Corymorphidae. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 66, 95 - 115." type="journal article" year="1987">Migotto & Silveira (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Our observations from extensive collections demonstrate that species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFAE06DCEFAE0FAE7" box="[1285,1388,1272,1297]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFAE06DCEFAE0FAE7" box="[1285,1388,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zyzzyzus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are monoecious, with gonophores of different sexes either developing on the same or on different blastostyles (uncertain for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFEA76C7EFE50FA97" box="[322,476,1352,1377]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="floridanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFEA76C7EFE50FA97" box="[322,476,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. floridanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; see above). From our observations,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFC7C6C7EFB19FA97" box="[921,1173,1352,1377]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFC7C6C7EFB19FA97" box="[921,1173,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zyzzyzus spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only species of the genus in which male and female gonophores are both present on the same blastostyle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF206CAEFD25F89C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFF1B6CAEFE51FA44" author="Lendenfeld" box="[254,477,1432,1458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1884) Das system der medusen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 8, 425 - 429." type="journal article" year="1884">Lendenfeld (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFD866CAEFCEFFA47" box="[611,867,1432,1457]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Tubularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicola">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFD866CAEFCEFFA47" box="[611,867,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tubularia spongicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from hydroids collected in Port Jackson, New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFC3893CFF006CF6FEA3FA2C" box="[229,303,1472,1498]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFC3893CFED86CF6FE24FA2C" box="[317,424,1472,1498]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(material AM G10809 and AM G10789).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFC4A6CF6FBD3FA2C" author="Watson" box="[943,1119,1472,1498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
re-examined von Lendenfeld’s material, remarking on some imprecise observations regarding the morphology of oral tentacles and branching of blastostyle, and complemented von Lendenfeld’s description concerning the number of aboral tentacles and structure of gonophores and hydrorhizal processes. Our study of Australian material agrees with the general descriptions of von
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFDEC6F56FD6FF98C" author="Lendenfeld" box="[521,739,1632,1658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="21" refString="von Lendenfeld, R. (1884) Das system der medusen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 8, 425 - 429." type="journal article" year="1884">Lendenfeld (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFCF86F56FC47F98C" author="Watson" box="[797,971,1632,1658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
regarding morphometric features, morphology of the hydranth, region of perisarc secretion and hydrocaulus, and morphology of blastostyles and gonophores. However, we observed some slight differences in composition and dimensions of nematocysts.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFC3893CFF726FEEFEC5F904" author="Watson" box="[151,329,1752,1778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described large stenoteles 7.5–9.0 x 9.5 Μm; small stenoteles, 5.5 x 3.0 Μm; basitrichous isorhizae, 8.0 x 3.5 Μm and heterotrichous anisorhizae, 3.0 x 5.0 Μm and the number of oral and aboral tentacles. She also reported 12–16 aboral tentacles, and 10–12 oral tentacles. However, she studied live material, which may account for part of the difference.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFC3893CFF206E4EFF40F814" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFF206E4EFE33F867" box="[197,447,1912,1937]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFF206E4EFE33F867" box="[197,447,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zyzzyzus spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents great variability in the morphology of hydrorhizal processes, apparently as a phenotypic response to the skeletal structure of the sponge. Similar observations have been made for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFC3893CFAA36E96FF48F817" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="warreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFC3893CFAA36E96FF48F817" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Z. warreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E3F036D3FFCC8933FF7269A1FAC0FF59" box="[151,1356,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7269A1FAC0FF59" blockId="8.[151,1356,151,175]" box="[151,1356,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCC8933FF7269A1FE84FF59" bold="true" box="[151,264,151,175]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFCC8933FE2A69AEFD3EFF59" box="[463,690,152,175]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCC8933FE2A69AEFD3EFF59" box="[463,690,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Zyzzyzus spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratypes, from Popes Eye Reef and Point Wilson, Australia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FD0B69E6FA80FF11" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" box="[750,1292,208,234]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">x ± SD (in Μm) Range (in Μm) n</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A69CCFE95FEE7" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" box="[159,281,250,273]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hydrorhiza</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6813FEABFE4A" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Number of processes - - - Length - - - Diameter - - - Hydrocaulus</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A68E6FE88FD67" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Length 1777 ± 599 722–2918 9 Proximal diameter 347 ± 155 210–755 25 Median diameter 315 ± 86 191–464 22 Distal diameter 281 ± 76 118–395 22 Hydranth</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6B93FEBEFCCA" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Total length 869 ± 202 679–1075 4 Length from aboral tentacle bases to hypostomial tip 523 ± 145 350–653 4 Diameter at base 534 ± 187 262–1047 17 Oral tentacles</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6A66FEC0FC11" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Number 11 ±
|
||
<date id="C331409BFFCC8933FCC16A66FA96FC91" box="[804,1306,848,871]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1919-09-01" valueMax="1919-12-01" valueMin="1919-09-01">1 9–12 19</date>
|
||
Length - - - Diameter - - - Aboral tentacles
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6ACCFE9FFB67" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Number 13 ±
|
||
<date id="C331409BFFCC8933FCC16ACCFA96FBE7" box="[804,1306,1018,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1919-02-11" valueMax="1919-02-17" valueMin="1919-02-11">2 11–17 19</date>
|
||
Length 1162 ± 427 696–1770 8 Diameter 70 ± 20 32–110 35 Gonosome
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6D93FEC2FB11" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Total number - - - Male gonophore</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6DCCFEEAFA67" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Number 4 ± 2 2–6 5 Length 381 ± 99 275–514 5 Diameter 285 ± 78 212–413
|
||
<specimenCount id="A189ADD2FFCC8933FB1A6C66FF61FA67" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="female">5 Female</specimenCount>
|
||
gonophore
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6C93FEACF9CA" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Number - - - Length - - - Diameter - - - Blastostyles</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF7A6F66FBF6F869" blockId="8.[159,1306,208,1724]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,1805,2031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Number 6 ± 1 4–7 5 Length - - - Diameter - - -
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCC8933FF236E3BFEEBF8D1" bold="true" box="[198,359,1805,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Eastern Indian Ocean: shallow-waters off Port Phillip Bay (ca. 38°S,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FB4E6E3BFA93F8D1" box="[1195,1311,1805,1831]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="144.83333">144°50’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Victoria,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FF726E03FE8AF8B9" box="[151,262,1845,1871]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Southwest Pacific: Port Jackson (ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FD3C6E03FCB7F8B9" box="[729,827,1845,1871]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-33.833332">33°50’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FCA96E03FC33F8B9" box="[844,959,1845,1871]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="151.25">151°15’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FB8E6E03FB39F8B9" box="[1131,1205,1845,1871]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FB206E03FABCF8B9" box="[1221,1328,1845,1871]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFCC8933FAA66E03FF5AF881" author="Watson" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Montague island (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FE236E6BFDA4F881" box="[454,552,1885,1911]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-36.266666">36°16’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FDD26E6BFD27F881" box="[567,683,1885,1911]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="150.2">150°12’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), south of Narooma, New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FBDC6E6BFB0FF881" box="[1081,1155,1885,1911]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FB756E6BFB73F881" box="[1168,1279,1885,1911]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
; Green Point (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FF456EB3FE8FF869" box="[160,259,1925,1951]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-33.916668">33°55’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D2BB009CFFCC8933FEF56EB3FE0EF869" box="[272,386,1925,1951]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="151.16667">151°10’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Sydney Harbour, New South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FD146EB3FCB7F869" box="[753,827,1925,1951]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Wales</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CF9826CBFFCC8933FCA26EB3FC3EF869" box="[839,946,1925,1951]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFCC8933FC246EB3FBE1F869" author="Rudman" box="[961,1133,1925,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Rudman, W. B. (1981) Polyp mimicry in a new species of aeolid nudibranch mollusc. Journal of the Zoological Society of London, 193, 421 - 427." type="journal article" year="1981">Rudman 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCC8933FF236E9BFEFBF819" blockId="8.[151,1436,1805,2031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCC8933FF236E9BFEA3F831" bold="true" box="[198,303,1965,1991]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCC8933FEDD6E9BFE4AF830" box="[312,454,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Substratum.</emphasis>
|
||
Species with “fuzzy growth” on orange-coloured sponges in sheltered ocean bays (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFCC8933FF7B6EE3FEE6F819" author="Watson" box="[158,362,2005,2031]" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1982) Hydroids (Class Hydrozoa). In: Shepherd, S. A. & Thomas, I. M. (Eds), Marine Invertebrates of Southern Australia. Part I, Handbooks Committee on Behalf of the South Australian Government. Published by Favor of the Honourable the Premier (D. O. Tonkin, M. P.), pp. 77 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1982">Watson 1982: 85</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FF9535D0FFCD8932FF2369AEFE12FEDC" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCD8932FF2369AEFC0DFF44" blockId="9.[151,1435,152,298]" box="[198,897,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCD8932FF2369AEFEDFFF47" box="[198,339,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Seasonality.</emphasis>
|
||
From April to December (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFCD8932FD6969AEFCA5FF44" author="Watson" box="[652,809,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1978) New species and new records of Australian athecate hydroids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 90 (2), 301 - 314." type="journal article" year="1978">Watson 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFCD8932FCD369AEFCF9FF44" author="Watson" box="[822,885,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="22" refString="Watson, J. E. (1982) Hydroids (Class Hydrozoa). In: Shepherd, S. A. & Thomas, I. M. (Eds), Marine Invertebrates of Southern Australia. Part I, Handbooks Committee on Behalf of the South Australian Government. Published by Favor of the Honourable the Premier (D. O. Tonkin, M. P.), pp. 77 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1982">1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B730665BFFCD8932FF2369F6FE12FEDC" blockId="9.[151,1435,152,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCD8932FF2369F6FD97FF2F" box="[198,539,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
Associations.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFCD8932FE8969F6FD97FF2F" box="[364,539,192,217]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">Z. spongicolus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a preferred food item of the nudibranch
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFCD8932FBD769F6FB62FF2F" box="[1074,1262,192,217]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tergipedidae" genus="Cuthona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kuiteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCD8932FBD769F6FB62FF2F" box="[1074,1262,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cuthona kuiteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whose cerata developed processes acting as a kind of mimetic “special resemblance” with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="708F1DD8FFCD8932FB9669DEFAAAFEF7" box="[1139,1318,232,257]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Tubulariidae" genus="Zyzzyzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spongicolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="85FBBA49FFCD8932FB9669DEFAAAFEF7" box="[1139,1318,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Z. spongicolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tentacles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D31E1BAAFFCD8932FF7A6826FE1DFEDC" author="Edmunds" box="[159,401,272,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" refString="Edmunds, M. (1987) Color in opisthobranchs. American Malacological Bulletin, 5 (2), 185 - 196." type="journal article" year="1987">Edmunds 1987: 191</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |