treatments-xml/data/26/E0/43/26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607" ID-PMC="PMC5624201" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-85-31" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFF9F741FF92FFE5FFBCB34AFF87C97F" ID-PubMed="29033658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1137945" ModsDocID="1314-2003-85-31" checkinTime="1502744967952" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fernandez-Hilario, Robin &amp; Smith, Stacey D." docDate="2017" docId="26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 85: 31-43" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 85" docPubDate="2017-08-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607" docTitle="Saracha andina Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFF9F741FF92FFE5FFBCB34AFF87C97F" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="FFF9F741FF92FFE5FFBCB34AFF87C97F" masterDocTitle="A new species of Saracha (Solanaceae) from the Central Andes of Peru" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668142043189" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new species of Saracha (Solanaceae) from the Central Andes of Peru</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Hilario, Robin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-9502</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Herbario Forestal MOL, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Av. La Molina s / n, La Molina, Lima, Peru</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rfernandez@lamolina.edu.pe</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, Stacey D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, 1800 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2017-08-09</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>85</mods:number>
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<mods:start>31</mods:start>
<mods:end>43</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-85-31</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFF9F741FF92FFE5FFBCB34AFF87C97F</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1137945</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225874" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName LSID="26E04344-90B9-56AE-9918-DF87F3DCA630" authority="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina" status="sp. nov.">Saracha andina Rob.Fernandez, I.Revilla &amp; E.Pariente</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="33">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Saracha andina. A Flowering branch B Flower in anthesis C Open corolla with the stamens D Gynoecium. From E. Pariente et al. 110 (MOL). Drawing by Eli Pariente." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149346" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of Saracha andina." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149347" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">, 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">Saracha andina</taxonomicName>
affine 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. punctata" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="punctata">S. punctata</taxonomicName>
Ruiz &amp; Pav
</emphasis>
., 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">sed foliis coriaceus parvus, corolla tubularis et bacca ovoideus differt.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-06-26" collectorName="CP Pachaca, E. Pariente, R. Fernandez, L. Rios" country="PERU" elevation="3700" latitude="-14.303583" location="Sector Palca" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.75919" municipality="Centro Poblado San Jose de Tomate" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ayacucho" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<normalizedToken originalValue="PERÚ">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">PERU</collectingCountry>
</normalizedToken>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Ayacucho">Ayacucho</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: Prov. Lucanas, Dist. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ocaña">Ocana</normalizedToken>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>
Centro Poblado San 
<normalizedToken originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
de Tomate
</collectingMunicipality>
[
<collectorName>CP Pachaca</collectorName>
] - 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630:EE6CD06DECD06F43270C59BD944DB3ED" country="PERU" latitude="-14.303583" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.75919" municipality="Centro Poblado San Jose de Tomate" name="Sector Palca" stateProvince="Ayacucho">Sector Palca</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.9" value="-14.303583">14°18'12.9&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.11" value="-74.75919">74°45'33.11&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2015-06-26">26 Jun 2015</collectingDate>
(fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
<collectorName>E. Pariente</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>R. Fernandez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>
L. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
110
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
MOL; isotypes MOL, USM, HSP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
Shrub to 2.5 m tall, widely branched from the base; younger stems, petioles and flowers pubescent with unbranched trichomes; older stems cylindrical, to 5 cm in diameter, finely striated, ash-colored; younger stems circular in cross section, 3-4.5 mm in diameter, dark, densely pubescent; internode 3-8 mm long; spines 0.9-1.5 cm long, 0.5-ca. 1 mm in diameter at the base. Leaves simple, alternate and spirally arranged, rarely geminate; petiole 2-3 (-5) mm long, planoconvex and slightly grooved, light green, moderately pubescent, but more densely so in the basal part; leaf blades (1.2-) 1.6-2.3 (-2.7) cm long, 0.6-1.4 cm wide, coriaceous, shiny, oblong to broadly elliptic, sometimes oblong-obovate, the apex obtuse, the base acute-attenuate, the margin entire and slightly revolute when dry, the adaxial surface dark green and glabrous, the abaxial surface light green with dispersed unbranched trichomes on the midrib, leaf blades concolorous when dry, the venation brochidodromus, inconspicuous, with (4-) 5-6 secondary veins. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, fascicled, with 1-2 flowers; buds ellipsoid, green with purple spots, densely pubescent. Flowers pendulous, hermaphroditic, actinomorphic; pedicels moderately pubescent, 23-27 mm long, 1-1.5 mm in diameter, green to dark purple; calyx narrowly campanulate, green to dark purple, 8.5-9.5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, the outer surface moderately pubescent, the inner surface glabrous to minutely puberulent, the lobes 5, acute, 2-2.5 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, tomentose at the apex; corolla tubular, yellow at anthesis, sometimes tinged blue or purple, 25-35 mm long, 8-10 mm in diameter, the base slightly narrowed, 4-6 mm in diameter, the inner surface pubescent at the base, the outer surface densely pubescent with uniformly dispersed unbranched trichomes, the lobes 5, acute, 2-2.4 mm long, 4-6 mm wide; stamens 5, equal, filaments, white, flat 
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="34" start="start">tened</pageBreakToken>
, adnate to the base of the corolla, 25-28 mm long, densely pubescent at the base, becoming glabrous at the apex; anthers oblong, 4.5-5.5 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, basifixed, with longitudinal dehiscence, the connective 4-4.5 mm long; ovary conical and glabrous, 3-3.5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm in diameter at the base; style glabrous, 17.5-18 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide; stigma clavate, 0.5 mm long, ca. 0.7 mm wide. Fruit a berry, ovoid and apiculate, black at maturity, 10-13 mm long, 7-8 mm in diameter, the tip 1-1.5 mm long; fruiting calyx slightly accrescent, 5-7 mm long; fruiting pedicels puberulent to moderately pubescent. Seeds not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a shrub endemic to the scrub and relict forests in the central Andes of Peru (Depts. Ayacucho, Huancavelica and Lima) at over 3500 to 4000 m in elevation (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Distribution map of Saracha andina." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149347" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">2</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows in stony areas, on slight to moderate slopes, and near creeks. Populations of this species in the Ayacucho region have been recorded to occur in relict forest with a maximum height from 4 to 5 meters dominated by 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bitter" authorityYear="1911" baseAuthorityName="Wedd." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis microphylla" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="microphylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Polylepis microphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wedd.) Bitter and accompanied by 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Escallonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Escallonia myrtilloides" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="myrtilloides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Escallonia myrtilloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L.f., sharing the understory with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pav" authorityYear="1802" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Berberidaceae" genus="Berberis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Berberis lutea" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lutea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Berberis lutea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ruiz &amp; Pav. and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindl" authorityYear="1837" baseAuthorityName="Pers." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Hesperomeles" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hesperomeles obtusifolia" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="obtusifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Hesperomeles obtusifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pers.) Lindl.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
Flowering and fruiting from June to September. Characteristics of the flower suggest pollination by hummingbirds (
<bibRefCitation author="Faegri, K" journalOrPublisher="Pergamon Press, Oxford" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" refId="B16" refString="Faegri, K, van der Pijil, L, 1979. The Principles of Pollination Ecology. Pergamon Press, Oxford" title="The Principles of Pollination Ecology." year="1979">Faegri and van der Pijil 1979</bibRefCitation>
). In the forest where 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. andina" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">S. andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was collected, we observed hummingbirds such as 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lesson &amp; Delattre" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Metallura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Metallura phoebe" order="Solanales" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="phoebe">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Metallura phoebe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Orbigny &amp; Lafresnaye" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Aves" family="Trochilidae" genus="Oreotrochilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oreotrochilus estella" order="Apodiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="estella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Oreotrochilus estella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, common species in relict forests of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Queñuales”">&quot;Quenuales&quot;</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Servat, G" journalOrPublisher="Ecologia Aplicada" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" pagination="25 - 35" refId="B40" refString="Servat, G, Mendoza, W, Ochoa, J, 2002. Flora y fauna de cuatro bosques de Polylepis (Rosaceae) en la cordillera del Vilcanota (Cusco, Peru). Ecologia Aplicada 1 (1): 25 - 35" title="Flora y fauna de cuatro bosques de Polylepis (Rosaceae) en la cordillera del Vilcanota (Cusco, Peru)." volume="1" year="2002">Servat at al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
). These birds may be pollinators of this new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="common name and uses">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Common name and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
In Pachaca (Dept. Ayacucho) it is commonly known as 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“checc-ches”">&quot;checc-ches&quot;</normalizedToken>
in where the native people mention that strong and straight branches had been used for yarning wool (pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
According to the IUCN Red List Categories (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="ARG Ganter Verlag KG, Koenigstein" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" refId="B21" refString="IUCN, 2012. Categorias y Criterios de la Lista Roja de la UICN: Version 3.1 (Segunda edicion). Comision de Supervivencia de Especies de la UICN, Gland y Cambridge, 1-34." title="Categorias y Criterios de la Lista Roja de la UICN: Version 3.1 (Segunda edicion). Comision de Supervivencia de Especies de la UICN, Gland y Cambridge, 1 - 34." year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. andina" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">S. andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is classified as Endangered [EN (B1biii)]. The extent of occupancy is estimated to be less than 1,000 sqkm. Furthermore, no population of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. andina" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">S. andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
currently grows in any protected area and the relict forests where it lives have been reduced as result of increasing anthropogenic pressure. In this context, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. andina" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">S. andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations are highly susceptible to processes of fragmentation and degradation in short term.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-06-26" collectingDateMax="2016-07-09" collectingDateMin="2015-06-26" collectorName="R. Fernandez, S. Smith" country="PERU" county="Prov." elevation="3700" latitude="-14.30335" location="Sector Palca" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.759186" municipality="Centro Poblado de Pachaca" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ayacucho">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<normalizedToken originalValue="PERÚ">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">PERU</collectingCountry>
</normalizedToken>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Ayacucho">Ayacucho</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty>Prov.</collectingCounty>
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Lucanas">Lucanas</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty>
Dist. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ocaña">Ocana</normalizedToken>
</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Centro Poblado de Pachaca</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630:FF5A4E7B6C24764C1DB034692553C3EE" country="PERU" county="Prov." latitude="-14.30335" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-74.759186" municipality="Centro Poblado de Pachaca" name="Sector Palca" stateProvince="Ayacucho">Sector Palca</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.9" value="-14.303583">14°18'12.9&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.11" value="-74.75919">74°45'33.11&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2015-06-26">26 Jun 2015</collectingDate>
(fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName>R. Fernandez</collectorName>
et al. 973
</emphasis>
(HSP, MOL); Carretera Palpa-Laramate-Pachaca, ca. 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
past Pachaca toward el puno, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="12.06" value="-14.30335">14°18'12.06&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="33.08" value="-74.759186">74°45'33.08&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="3750.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" unit="m" value="3750.0">3750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2016-07-09">09 Jul 2016</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName>S. Smith</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>R. Fernandez</collectorName>
594
</emphasis>
(COLO, F, MO, USM)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1997-09-29" collectingDateMax="2014-08-15" collectingDateMin="1997-09-29" collectorName="de Incahuasi, P. Gonzales, J. Roque, C. Arana, Puente Mollepallana, Pisco-Ayacucho, M. Weigend, H. Forther" country="Peru" county="Prov." elevation="3798" latitude="-13.5814085" location="Ruinas de Incahuasi" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.2786" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Huancavelica">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Huancavelica">Huancavelica</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty>Prov.</collectingCounty>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huaytará">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Huaytara">Huaytara</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
, 
<collectingCounty>
Dist. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huaytará">Huaytara</normalizedToken>
</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630:D61462F22384619C5FD0E0CC5EC1CA31" country="Peru" county="Prov." latitude="-13.5814085" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-75.2786" name="Ruinas de Incahuasi" stateProvince="Huancavelica">
Ruinas 
<collectorName>de Incahuasi</collectorName>
</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="25.77" value="-13.573825">13°34'25.77&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.33" value="-75.25398">75°15'14.33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.798" unit="m" value="3798.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.798" unit="m" value="3798.0">3798 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2014-08-15">15 Aug 2014</collectingDate>
(fl, fr), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName>
P. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonzáles">Gonzales</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
et al. 3385
</emphasis>
(USM); Carretera Los Libertadores, km. 130, pasando el puente Yuraccasa, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="53.07" value="-13.5814085">13°34'53.07&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.96" value="-75.2786">75°16'42.96&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.825" metricValueMax="3.85" metricValueMin="3.8" unit="m" value="3825.0" valueMax="3850.0" valueMin="3800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.825" metricValueMax="3.85" metricValueMin="3.8" unit="m" value="3825.0" valueMax="3850.0" valueMin="3800.0">3800-3850 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2001-06-26">26 Jun 2001</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName>J. Roque</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>C. Arana</collectorName>
3309
</emphasis>
(USM); 
<collectorName>Puente Mollepallana</collectorName>
on road 
<collectorName>Pisco-Ayacucho</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.9" unit="m" value="3950.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.9" unit="m" value="3950.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3900.0">3900-4000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1997-09-29">29 Sep 1997</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName>M. Weigend</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>H. Forther</collectorName>
97/604
</emphasis>
(USM)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1960-07-29" collectingDateMax="2016-07-11" collectingDateMin="1960-07-29" collectorName="C. Acleto, S. Smith, Lachaqui, de Yacanhuana, G. Vilcapoma, Quinana, de Ongongoy" country="Peru" county="Prov. Canta" elevation="3900" latitude="-11.399281" location="Ruta" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.60325" municipality="Huacoy" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lima">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Lima">Lima</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty>Prov. Canta</collectingCounty>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty>Acacay</collectingCounty>
, cerca a 
<collectingMunicipality>Huacoy</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingDate value="1960-07-29">29 Jul 1960</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<collectorName>C. Acleto</collectorName>
207
</emphasis>
(USM); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630:4414C322D8660DED69AF041B23CCA71F" country="Peru" county="Prov. Canta" latitude="-11.399281" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.60325" municipality="Huacoy" name="Ruta" stateProvince="Lima">Ruta</location>
Canta-Obrajillo-Huacos, catarata 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630:2150653D50312FFFCFB9FD9242623B33" country="Peru" county="Prov. Canta" latitude="-11.399281" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.60325" municipality="Huacoy" name="Ongongoy" stateProvince="Lima">Ongongoy</location>
, ca. 
<locationDeviation location="Huacos">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
NE de Huacos
</locationDeviation>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.41" value="-11.399281">11°23'57.41&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="11.70" value="-76.60325">76°36'11.70&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2016-07-11">11 Jul 2016</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<collectorName>
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="35" start="start">S</pageBreakToken>
. Smith
</collectorName>
596
</emphasis>
(COLO, MO, MOL, USM); 
<collectorName>Lachaqui</collectorName>
, cuesta 
<collectorName>de Yacanhuana</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="m" value="3800.0">3800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1973-03-27">27 Mar 1973</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<collectorName>G. Vilcapoma</collectorName>
188
</emphasis>
(MOL, USM); 
<collectorName>Lachaqui</collectorName>
, camino a 
<collectorName>Quinana</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1979-02-02">02 Feb 1979</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<collectorName>G. Vilcapoma</collectorName>
302
</emphasis>
(MOL, USM); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26E0434490B956AE9918DF87F3DCA630:4D6D73C80FAA989E6F99C42146191D59" country="Peru" county="Prov. Canta" latitude="-11.399281" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-76.60325" municipality="Huacoy" name="Huacos" stateProvince="Lima">Huacos</location>
, catarata 
<collectorName>de Ongongoy</collectorName>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="m" value="3500.0">3500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2001-09-09">09 Sep 2001</collectingDate>
(fl), 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<collectorName>G. Vilcapoma</collectorName>
5564
</emphasis>
(MOL, USM)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from other species of the genus in its small oblong to broadly elliptic leaves 12-27 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-14 mm with inconspicuous nerves and tubular flowers 33.5-35 mm long. In contrast, 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. punctata" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">S. punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has elliptic leaves 20-150 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8-60 mm and widely campanulate flowers, and 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. quitensis" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="quitensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">S. quitensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has shorter tubular to infundibuliform flowers 12-26 mm long (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Saracha species. A Saracha punctata (R. Fernandez et al. 260; MOL) B Saracha quitensis (S. Smith 257; MO) C Saracha andina (P. Gonzales et al. 3385; USM) D Saracha andina (R. Fernandez et al. 973; MOL) E Saracha punctata (R. Fernandez 998; MOL) F Saracha quitensis (S. Smith 257; MO) G Saracha andina (R. Fernandez et al. 973; MOL). Photos by: A, D, E, G Robin Fernandez; B, F Stacey Smith; C Paul Gonzales." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149348" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">3</figureCitation>
). Among other members of the subtribe 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Iochrominae">Iochrominae</taxonomicName>
sensu 
<bibRefCitation author="Olmstead, RG" editor="Nee, M" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" pagination="111 - 137" refId="B36" refString="Olmstead, RG, Sweere, JA, Spangler, RE, Bohs, L, Palmer, JD, 1999. Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNA. In: Nee, M, Symon, DE, Lester, RN, Jessop, JP, Eds., Solanaceae IV: advances in biology and utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 111 - 137" title="Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNA." volumeTitle="Solanaceae IV: advances in biology and utilization." year="1999">Olmstead et al. (1999</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Olmstead, RG" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="8" pageNumber="39" pagination="1159 - 1181" refId="B37" refString="Olmstead, RG, Bohs, L, Migid, H, Santiago-Valentin, E, Garcia, V, Collier, S, 2008. A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae. Taxon 57 (4): 1159 - 1181" title="A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae." volume="57" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. andina" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">S. andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is perhaps most easily confused with species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Dunalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dunalia" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="35">Dunalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, many of which have tubular flowers of similar 
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="36" start="start">length</pageBreakToken>
and the plants are spiny (see discussion in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/2399334" author="D'Arcy, WG" journalOrPublisher="Academic Press, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" refId="B12" refString="D'Arcy, WG, Smith, DN, 1987. https://doi.org/10.2307/2399334" url="https://doi.org/10.2307/2399334" year="1987">
<normalizedToken originalValue="D’Arcy">D'Arcy</normalizedToken>
and Smith 1987
</bibRefCitation>
). Nonetheless, species of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Dunalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dunalia" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Dunalia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a diagnostic pair of appendages on either side of the filament base (
<normalizedToken originalValue="“stapet”">&quot;stapet&quot;</normalizedToken>
) (
<bibRefCitation author="Hunziker, AT" journalOrPublisher="Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" pagination="211 - 244" refId="B19" refString="Hunziker, AT, 1960. Estudios sobre Solanaceae II. Sinopsis taxonomica del genero Dunalia H. B. K. Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias 51: 211 - 244" title="Estudios sobre Solanaceae II. Sinopsis taxonomica del genero Dunalia H. B. K." volume="51" year="1960">Hunziker 1960</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Hunziker, AT" journalOrPublisher="ARG Ganter Verlag KG, Koenigstein" pageId="7" pageNumber="38" refId="B20" refString="Hunziker, AT, 2001. Genera Solanacearum: The Genera of Solanaceae Illustrated, Arranged According to a New System. ARG Ganter Verlag KG, Koenigstein" title="Genera Solanacearum: The Genera of Solanaceae Illustrated, Arranged According to a New System." year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
), and sometimes the leaves clustered on short shoots but they lack the conspicuous coriaceous leaves of 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="992631" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149346" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
Flowering branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
Flower in anthesis 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
Open corolla with the stamens 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
Gynoecium. From 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">E. Pariente et al. 110</emphasis>
(MOL). Drawing by Eli Pariente.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="992633" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149347" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Distribution map of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="992635" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149348" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pav" authorityYear="1799" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha punctata" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">R. Fernandez et al. 260</emphasis>
; MOL) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha quitensis" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quitensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha quitensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">S. Smith 257</emphasis>
; MO) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
P. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonzáles">Gonzales</normalizedToken>
et al. 3385
</emphasis>
; USM) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">R. Fernandez et al. 973</emphasis>
; MOL) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pav" authorityYear="1799" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha punctata" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha punctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">R. Fernandez 998</emphasis>
; MOL) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha quitensis" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quitensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha quitensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">S. Smith 257</emphasis>
; MO) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">R. Fernandez et al. 973</emphasis>
; MOL). Photos by: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">A, D, E, G</emphasis>
Robin Fernandez; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">B, F</emphasis>
Stacey Smith; 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">C</emphasis>
Paul 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gonzáles">Gonzales</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="992637" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.85.12607.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/149349" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Maximum likelihood phylogeny of 
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Iochrominae">Iochrominae</taxonomicName>
(sensu Smith &amp; Baum, 2006) showing placement of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rob. Fernandez, I. Revilla &amp; E. Pariente" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Saracha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saracha andina" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Saracha andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The outgroups (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Physalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Physalis peruviana" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="peruviana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Physalis peruviana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Leucophysalis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucophysalis grandiflora" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Leucophysalis grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Witheringia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Witheringia solanacea" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="solanacea">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Witheringia solanacea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Makino" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Franch. &amp; Savat." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Tubocapsicum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tubocapsicum anomalum" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="anomalum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Tubocapsicum anomalum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. T. Hunziker" authorityYear="1987" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Cuatresia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cuatresia colombiana" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="colombiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Cuatresia colombiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. T. Hunziker" authorityYear="1977" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Larnax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Larnax sachapapa" order="Solanales" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sachapapa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Larnax sachapapa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) have been pruned from the tree. Bootstrap support (&gt;70%) is indicated.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>