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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="3095" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71445" ID-GBIF-Dataset="871ae7d8-51c7-4943-a73c-b7aa0ca4708c" ID-PMC="PMC8671718" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-186-53" ID-Pensoft-UUID="62318F6AE546549DB8D2528CC2A0CCF4" ID-PubMed="34975275" ModsDocID="1314-2003-186-53" checkinTime="1638850649788" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Carvalho-Sobrinho, Jefferson, Yoshikawa, Vania Nobuko &amp; Dorr, Laurence J." docDate="2021" docId="268670BEA90458B6B30AB64786AEB9B0" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 186: 53-72" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 186" docPubDate="2021-12-06" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71445" docTitle="Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny, in Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 690. 1798." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="62318F6AE546549DB8D2528CC2A0CCF4" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="62318F6AE546549DB8D2528CC2A0CCF4" masterDocTitle="Notes on Brazilian Pachira (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) II: Additional typifications and new synonymies" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1732740932930" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="A5EB83C0B20784E197508AFB6F1EDEF8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9E0BFF9A1BF42BF6664436D327D1B670">
<mods:title id="EB6A021167F86119272F50AC22942E98">Notes on Brazilian Pachira (Malvaceae, Bombacoideae) II: Additional typifications and new synonymies</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:role id="AD3F1FA449786B677364CCEC7ADA3163">
<mods:roleTerm id="65F1162E8EB6FD6DFD2C9AE497512B45">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3735878E3181595FCBE9E02C3424BF06">Carvalho-Sobrinho, Jefferson</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="472E50FEDD00204AC709F58EE386FB75" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3605-0707</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D06705A5DD7D760F0A98F8E776B1547D">Universidade Federal do Vale do Sao Francisco - UNIVASF, Colegiado de Ciencias Biologicas, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300 - 990, Brazil &amp; Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco - UFRPE, Departamento de Ciencias Florestais, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171 - 900, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B3185C3F19DA408BC15D6287E7FB7D95" type="email">jef.sobrinho@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="412ABBBFBB372625A9B8B6D0941243B3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7538583B3B58A73B06B64FF34113DDA8">
<mods:roleTerm id="D8EC70B0607EFEE7D6CF0F0AE4534F38">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BB7B056503CAB1190A32BEE49205084A">Yoshikawa, Vania Nobuko</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FD26CDF25D59CCFF1AB316418410DF0B">Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes - UMC, Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biotecnologia, Mogi das Cruzes, Sao Paulo, 08780 - 911, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A0FD4D40F7A7F42FD7959254AFC6E0E1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8A49A10559F1281D6FE7D5C6F45F3B79">
<mods:roleTerm id="475D117EEFA538BDC622D3968646AC66">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8FB37587B113706CE035D092DDB17B0C">Dorr, Laurence J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2791364597EFC276D73E3138191BFDC5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7157-363X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2FA31CF9F85A52D8028F1D4876841093">Department of Botany, MRC- 166, Smithsonian Institution, P. O. Box 37012, Washington DC 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="EA751EC74C4D0B109817FFE482A432C4">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B2C9FCB2D3AC7ECAB01235B0B32806C7">
<mods:date id="F436A37F06AFC4AE5F8F589A905275AE">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="ACC67ED3548A013DDA4B856D1D4F303C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4246AF592C71E86BAF429F805AF747A7">2021-12-06</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="44CBAA59E0EF57BA9B1FD3938B027420" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D76623A5571E4046BF60CEB612896BE8">186</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="755BEE0C4280E416A617DFFA0728CFB5">53</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="320B16CCC13B3FA42F84154E25CC86B3">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71445</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="0A650583C14CA39D74B49E97287F04BF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="41A59ADF42D9361A3A43FE18CDAD0E52" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.186.71445</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FDE01E83F5915C31FAE9112FA05F8740" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-186-53</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6F9F60BDF667B34F10DC7BDB4E4F0884" type="Pensoft-UUID">62318F6AE546549DB8D2528CC2A0CCF4</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="268670BEA90458B6B30AB64786AEB9B0" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191162276" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:268670BEA90458B6B30AB64786AEB9B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/268670BEA90458B6B30AB64786AEB9B0" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" scope_family="Malvaceae" scope_subFamily="Bombacoideae">
<subSubSection id="145CC424CED6E2A5887AFC5C79FA1FB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9A3FD47F814D70B51E2A384265C5C679" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="9D254B19E9C5B4CA89CB5C016864A92F" ID-CoL="4BPDJ" LSID="268670BE-A904-58B6-B30A-B64786AEB9B0" authority="(Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny, in Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 690. 1798." authorityName="(Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny, in Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 690. 1798." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira insignis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny, in Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 690. 1798.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0E6958A177DE42E7860A14B0280A3B12" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="CFAC8980BD5A65E3240EE126E8978C06" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="9506C5983B27EF63658B228E20E6DE3C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Carolinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carolinea insignis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">Carolinea insignis</taxonomicName>
Sw., Prodr. 101. 1788.
<taxonomicName id="47BA4F241E1D4C400A033F7E94BD6A30" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira loddigesii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="loddigesii">Pachira loddigesii</taxonomicName>
Decne., Ann.
<normalizedToken id="D144A1F3D74A1F21EBD8CA067E24B660" originalValue="Gén">Gen</normalizedToken>
. Hort. 23: 51. 1881? [1880], nom. illeg. superfl.
<taxonomicName id="22F22BB75B274136EE69A47179A748C2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Bombax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bombax insigne" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insigne">Bombax insigne</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) K. Schum., in Engler &amp; Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(6): 62. 1895, non Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1: 71, tt. 79, 80. 1830.
<taxonomicName id="2A11ACBAD7D6CA24FB76A62379481ACC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Bombax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bombax spectabile" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabile">Bombax spectabile</taxonomicName>
Ulbr., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 544. 1913, nom. nov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="86974F8B03B799C921ABA4C325A95663" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="07FA97170C2154844F71C761E224CEBB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Carolinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carolinea affinis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">Carolinea affinis</taxonomicName>
Mart., Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 1: 85. 1826 [1824].
<taxonomicName id="F640304F0F62B3D6B200060908C6302C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira affinis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">Pachira affinis</taxonomicName>
(Mart.) Decne., Ann.
<normalizedToken id="12CAA82E4167B1D9E4C370276F7D46F7" originalValue="Gén">Gen</normalizedToken>
. Hort. 23: 52. 1881? [1880].
<taxonomicName id="A5168DED775D634AECA6F3A30C71C913" authorityName="Ducke" authorityYear="1930" baseAuthorityName="Mart. &amp; Zucc." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Bombax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bombax affine" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affine">Bombax affine</taxonomicName>
(Mart.) Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 5: 162. 1930. Type: Brazil.
<normalizedToken id="E546BC004207E0933F7D926E866C7583" originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
, Habitat in aquaticis Archipelagi
<normalizedToken id="322F5C8F997E5DFF9AD7996A4F9CD63C" originalValue="Paraënsis">Paraensis</normalizedToken>
, s.d. (lf, fl),
<emphasis id="9A5A3EF05F93DF6DF6764C78CEDFC714" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C.F.P. von Martius s.n.</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: M barcode 0211673; isolectotype: M barcode 0211672).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="026ADCB3EE3184620C9634FF84D5831E" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="2B7485DDCEB8C28FDCBA8975C94CDE04" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira macrantha" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">Pachira macrantha</taxonomicName>
Spruce ex Decne., Ann.
<normalizedToken id="EA3D6A537F2451E5D9779FE76E3AFAD1" originalValue="Gén">Gen</normalizedToken>
. Hort. 23: 47. 1881? [1880], nom. nud., pro syn.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FA142EE1A3C882BF01BA1D8A5BEF393" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="FEF24A6D5E72CF306A786BDAE0D39480" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira spruceana" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceana">Pachira spruceana</taxonomicName>
Decne, Ann.
<normalizedToken id="592DDC1B072A50E2F088A0B35C14F834" originalValue="Gén">Gen</normalizedToken>
. Hort. 23: 46. 1881? [1880].
<taxonomicName id="F37D853ABE6B63601F8A7459843A4A7E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Bombax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bombax spruceanum" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceanum">Bombax spruceanum</taxonomicName>
(Decne.) Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: 126. 1925. Type: Brazil. Amazonas, Panure ad Rio Uaupes, Oct 1852-Jan 1853 (lf, fl),
<emphasis id="EA1030DCA18A95416A40E449F2733851" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">R. Spruce 2884</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: P barcode 04694521 [= F neg. no. 35353]; isolectotypes: BM barcode 000645672, BR barcode 0000006960704, BR barcode 0000006962050, E barcode 00285198, F n.v., G n.v., K barcode 000382357, K barcode 000382358, LD barcode 1758563, LD barcode 1758627, LE n.v., NY n.v., P barcode 06715161, P barcode 06623110, P barcode 06623111, P barcode 04694522, RB barcode 00059374 (2 sheets), W n.v.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98ACB26C96482750F1D2E44B87925D84" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="35B9A645AFCD3EAD59878ABE0DE8F0F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="76DE789FBCDBD10654D59C9C9E3175DF">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4370EA81B44F8058F1433B7689241140" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<materialsCitation id="F95F8D633FD537D8D129E6E831CAF302" collectingDate="1943-03-27" collectorName="da Eva, Rio, de Manaus, A. Ducke" country="US" location="Amazonas, Parana" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas, Parana" typeStatus="neotype">
Brazil.
<collectingRegion id="213167846D2C2C536D10FDD45A3B427E" isEnumeration="true">
Amazonas,
<normalizedToken id="7BA4C3601BB1A1907D141EBF59A55DFC" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="A73E49EF246038156350233E5C111DCB">da Eva</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="FDEAF776501391FF5208A02D4125673D">Rio</collectorName>
<collectingRegion id="4E5FE25F37539436E98A4C34176C1880" country="Brazil" name="Amazonas">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
, abaixo
<collectorName id="F9ACC25248A0DBE9AA5E5A7F1DC6E5FC">de Manaus</collectorName>
,
<collectingDate id="4DD29AD51ACD3D06801CF070D5E3821D" value="1943-03-27">27 Mar 1943</collectingDate>
(lf, fl),
<emphasis id="57008CFE365A9DE3F42C8B70556B6BAF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<collectorName id="BD3EF1D7105C7C0F8259F77B80568935">A. Ducke</collectorName>
1211
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4C004229086E663ED20A574C6D31B1BC">neotype</typeStatus>
, designated by
<bibRefCitation id="72489AE9035679C5D7207A0B59C17471" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" author="Robyns, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 315" refId="B27" refString="Robyns, A, 1963. Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s.l. (Bombacaceae). Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 33: 1 - 315, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" title="Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s. l. (Bombacaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" volume="33" year="1963">Robyns 1963</bibRefCitation>
, pp. 250, 252: MO barcode 309160; isoneotypes: K barcode 000382356, MG n.v., NY n.v., R barcode 000055277, R barcode 000055277, R barcode 000055277a, S-PLE-E4290 n.v., S-PLE-E4291 n.v., S-PLE-E4292 n.v., US barcode 00101951,
<collectingCountry id="6C2A9329CB83AF40DD74079C7D3937B8" name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
barcode 00901732, US barcode 00901733)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="18DA3909F9FF48037A114523DA0EBE23" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" type="notes">
<paragraph id="AFFF8655D355D751C618993C4A92F5B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2FC7A3B268E0CA14DC670C404AA016A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="AD0D98C50D0CABE8F2533B2E27A10808" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira loddigesii" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="loddigesii">
<emphasis id="2956FD01CB5A49F49C81668AF8E522BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Pachira loddigesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is an illegitimate renaming of
<taxonomicName id="E6E5D7BB134CA6965713ED49FD672563" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Carolinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carolinea insignis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="334DE64C67B442632884604069AEAE1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Carolinea insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sw. In his protologue,
<bibRefCitation id="5193C9FE65AD77D330DA852E8AD58208" author="Decaisne, J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Generales d'Horticulture" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="43 - 52" refId="B12" refString="Decaisne, J, 1881.) [1880] Examen des especes des genres Bombax et Pachira. Flores des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe. Annales Generales d'Horticulture 23: 43 - 52" title=") [1880] Examen des especes des genres Bombax et Pachira. Flores des Serres et des Jardins de l'Europe." volume="23" year="1881">Decaisne (1881)</bibRefCitation>
cites &quot;
<taxonomicName id="BC298CAEFE370E11B83F4056150D9C06" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Carolinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carolinea insignis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="E632A2AEB4BE3EC8C78B57A83531A49E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Carolinea insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Lodd.,
<emphasis id="2CBBDD78209784E28E4C7E884C8C139B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bot. Cab.</emphasis>
, 1004, (
<emphasis id="D40EE42A4C848DC38748C84EFB551D3B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">non Swarts</emphasis>
).&quot; The
<normalizedToken id="286ACBC70A796ACFD726027D1EA6A906" originalValue="“name”">&quot;name&quot;</normalizedToken>
ascribed to Loddiges, however, has no standing.
<bibRefCitation id="A1E23A793BFD127F47DA8F961A072854" author="Loddiges, G" journalOrPublisher="Archivos de Botanica do Estado de Sao Paulo" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B22" refString="Loddiges, G, 1825. Carolinea insignis. Botanical Cabinet 11: t. 1004." title="Carolinea insignis. Botanical Cabinet 11: t. 1004." year="1825">Loddiges (1825)</bibRefCitation>
simply illustrated
<taxonomicName id="5E0994A647D8AF19DB1F9F617674747C" lsidName="C. insignis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="286DC2AED81AC45EA9C93D2176E37E58" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sw. without explicitly stating that he was illustrating the species previously described by Swartz.
<bibRefCitation id="1917695F1B949462922A49877E5B0053" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" author="Robyns, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 315" refId="B27" refString="Robyns, A, 1963. Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s.l. (Bombacaceae). Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 33: 1 - 315, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" title="Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s. l. (Bombacaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" volume="33" year="1963">Robyns (1963</bibRefCitation>
, p. 250) designated a lectotype (as &quot;
<emphasis id="0824C40FC8E1929D15E587276E09DF71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">holotypus</emphasis>
&quot;) for
<taxonomicName id="177EC2799F2B2691C48BCFCC91D80CCF" lsidName="P. loddigesii" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="loddigesii">
<emphasis id="45824F9DE9ECD73F8FA5BB62BBF55419" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">P. loddigesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but this was incorrect since the name is typified automatically by the type of the name which ought to have been adopted under the rules (
<bibRefCitation id="00B2CBDBFCA69CAC08CAD2E9BCF240AF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland, NJ" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" refId="B40" refString="Turland, NJ, Wiersema, JH, Barrie, FR, Greuter, W, Hawksworth, DL, Herendeen, PS, Knapp, S, Kusber, W-H, Li, D-Z, Marhold, K, May, TW, McNeill, J, Monro, AM, Prado, J, Price, MJ, Smith, GF [Eds], 2018. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" title="International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashuetten." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
; Art. 7.5). Similarly,
<bibRefCitation id="B4DBD71F4845C75C2F48F353F5E39149" DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/655.13" author="Turner, IM" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1107 - 1149" refId="B41" refString="Turner, IM, 2016. Rather for the nomenclaturalist than for the scientific botanist: The Botanical Cabinet of Conrad Loddiges &amp; Sons. Taxon 65 (5): 1107 - 1149, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/655.13" title="Rather for the nomenclaturalist than for the scientific botanist: The Botanical Cabinet of Conrad Loddiges &amp; Sons." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/655.13" volume="65" year="2016">Turner (2016</bibRefCitation>
, p. 1115) argued that &quot;
<taxonomicName id="86E6A20D10F6573D2DA9B5049277A843" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Carolinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carolinea insignis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="32AEECE8311A19F1C6498152BAF771F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Carolinea insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
G. Lodd.&quot; is a valid name, even though he noted that Loddiges cited Swartz in his description and thus provided an indirect reference to
<taxonomicName id="98EE96396DAF56223AE17069D472CAD1" lsidName="C. insignis" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="631089AF8F4ED17871BCE99482D6B652" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">C. insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sw.
<normalizedToken id="847C96AA9104CC62753185C17D5808E9" originalValue="Turner’s">Turner's</normalizedToken>
lectotypification of this
<normalizedToken id="192A3C4061EF86FFDE999E6B5EB8EBD0" originalValue="“name”">&quot;name&quot;</normalizedToken>
incorrectly attributed to Loddiges also is unnecessary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38A13455E69E6498146FE1965E2FE80B" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
A lectotype (second step) is designated here for the name
<taxonomicName id="353A09E98E2FCBD39AE31E0675571145" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Carolinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carolinea affinis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="affinis">
<emphasis id="6F07EE03FDAAC73C6B458CCEFABCFF66" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Carolinea affinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because although
<bibRefCitation id="2A1513C4C2A16B1F057AC0EA24866E41" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" author="Robyns, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 315" refId="B27" refString="Robyns, A, 1963. Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s.l. (Bombacaceae). Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 33: 1 - 315, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" title="Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s. l. (Bombacaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" volume="33" year="1963">Robyns (1963</bibRefCitation>
, p. 251) stated the &quot;
<emphasis id="BE266851774296D604054DFA076AD956" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">holotypus</emphasis>
&quot; was in Munich (M) there are two sheets in that herbarium. Robyns annotated both sheets as
<taxonomicName id="ACC1A67134E345317CCB2060711CD605" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira insignis" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insignis">
<emphasis id="91B563A9EEDB8E4766E469A046E91B2E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Pachira insignis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but did not indicate that either was type material. The specimen with label data that matches the type locality given in the protologue is designated here as the lectotype.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3EFBEC2162CD61A667788AEE1321594E" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
We also designate here a lectotype for
<taxonomicName id="A6A45BBB4BEBC494A3C3B98F9B83516E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Pachira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pachira spruceana" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spruceana">
<emphasis id="28CFCF54F1CFAF0479C51CAACE1EE593" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Pachira spruceana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Neither Ducke (1925) nor
<bibRefCitation id="21134EA1D96B0BF534E7C0AC655A0128" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" author="Robyns, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 315" refId="B27" refString="Robyns, A, 1963. Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s.l. (Bombacaceae). Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat a Bruxelles 33: 1 - 315, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" title="Essai de monographie du genre Bombax L. s. l. (Bombacaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/3667210" volume="33" year="1963">Robyns (1963)</bibRefCitation>
selected one for this name. We have chosen a specimen deposited at Paris (P) that has handwriting on
<normalizedToken id="A588099F158BD5E36F8DE658539E3ADF" originalValue="Spruce’s">Spruce's</normalizedToken>
label that matches the type locality and collecting date (&quot;Prope Panure ad rio Uaupes, Oct 1852-Jan 1853&quot;) cited in the protologue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E32DD9765E5DBD165A68A9BD15C8F49" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="6CB43A9C0CBC814E382C717E8E45EABA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Bombax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bombax spectabile" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabile">
<emphasis id="11333BA4E2C6BB204DA391214CB23D6A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bombax spectabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was proposed as a replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="3B181BF3CEAD7D459894E1A0C77A2D28" lsidName="B. insigne" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="insigne">
<emphasis id="40036AEB14B6F3F56BB1CA25C6506407" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">B. insigne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sw.) K. Schum., which is a later homonym of
<taxonomicName id="DF5847A8133BFCCDF13391A4EFD88023" lsidName="B. insigne" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" rank="species" species="insigne">
<emphasis id="B07EB2AD54852D86D8F0AB1016957674" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">B. insigne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wall.
<taxonomicName id="47A3672CA97A34C7FD3CA429521E17A3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bombacaceae" genus="Bombax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bombax insigne" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insigne">
<emphasis id="4D78BBBB2E4A4DBFAE237A562DCEBD36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="53">Bombax insigne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Wall. is a Paleotropical species found in India, south-central China, and south-east Asia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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