122 lines
11 KiB
XML
122 lines
11 KiB
XML
<document id="110105A857B2F6DEEC764E993B864F5F" ID-DOI="10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1720669084001" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Peixoto, Luiz Antônio Wanderley & de Pinna, Mário" docDate="2022" docId="03D75034FFDDE404FC91501B7414FE15" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.20.1.e210009.pdf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology (e 210009) 20 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823.3:NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="FC0C3FD10650AF21F8DA93D98D275823" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Parapteronotus Albert 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" masterDocId="FFEE284CFFE1E438FFB65162717CF803" masterDocTitle="Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy" updateTime="1720680001096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="45AF54BEB5268A09B6DD6F44447640C2">
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<mods:title id="E6A43F0A02B8404C42204F79096A9F3C">Patterns of diversification and phylogenetic structure in the dorsolateral head musculature of Neotropical electric eels (Ostariophysi: Gymnotiformes), with a myological synonymy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CA744AEDC9D2DF1A510FD2A0E28D1F82" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8F73F0EC6902B2F15F0318FE7165816F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5847DA9B94D8149CD28E5604F253291E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AD7CEB623FD865D263F6B6ED7D72773A">Peixoto, Luiz Antônio Wanderley</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9B9FC708755F7FE6031400A59C5C3350" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="BCFDC022FD3D49F5835D1E267B1C719F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E74B88A3E8CAB634B2010CCCB9EA4C32">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="26EB37369DCBF8303F6510424C5D3D3E">de Pinna, Mário</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8A9A34248E6960371266DC06E23FE706">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="47DF9D6BB59B38F468A09F5EB5A7069D">
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<mods:title id="346447968A6D67C3403532397946EBBD">Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A8402F24FB6AD9179686BC943B321665">
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<mods:date id="30D233AF5CFEE81A766D5A4487182EE3">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="29DF302CBC902FA1533339646628631E" type="series">
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<mods:title id="24FE70C2450EEA29DEEAF651ECF58174">e 210009</mods:title>
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<mods:detail id="85516FBD60FAC9001B57B5C11829642C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="3D8096BA468483011B443933856F5203">2022-04-01</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="87739158C5BA45852723BE2335094696" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3E4B56FC83E224689D3754B6C7EBEBAD">20</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="3C86717F4A71A043F2D07ED09D5A6AA0" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="C15A2EDDB3485C49B14554CACA642368">1</mods:number>
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<mods:location id="69AB5C264725275026AA212D24ADC50D">
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<mods:url id="BA32E05B16658E08C77B6138816A397C">http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="91AD0DF0EF954668EBBE5C0ED8875508">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1B36CA199A65E6BAA7410ED3334D4015" type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-2021-0009</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="021CB92BE8FC84F8FA1200132D091FAD" type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03D75034FFDDE404FC91501B7414FE15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12720055" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12720055" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D75034FFDDE404FC91501B7414FE15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D75034FFDDE404FC91501B7414FE15" pageId="60">
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDDE404FC91501B73C6FAE3" pageId="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDDE404FC91501B7508F992" blockId="60.[807,1140,376,401]" box="[807,1140,376,401]" pageId="60">
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<heading id="D089564EFFDDE404FC91501B7508F992" box="[807,1140,376,401]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="60" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7E9AA1FFDDE404FC91501B7508F992" ID-CoL="6GGX" authority="Albert, 2001" authorityName="Albert" authorityYear="2001" box="[807,1140,376,401]" family="Apteronotidae" genus="Parapteronotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="60" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FC91501B729DF992" bold="true" box="[807,993,377,401]" pageId="60">Parapteronotus</emphasis>
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Albert, 2001
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDDE404FDB050A173C6FAE3" blockId="60.[485,1461,451,1259]" pageId="60">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FDB050A17269F9D8" bold="true" box="[518,789,451,475]" pageId="60">Adductor mandibulae.</emphasis>
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FCFA50A172E4F9D8" box="[844,920,451,475]" italics="true" pageId="60">malaris</emphasis>
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is composed of a single mass of fibers, originating from the mid-dorsal portion of the hyomandibula and preopercle, converging anteriorly to a well differentiated buccopalatal membrane, where the anterodorsal portion differentiates into an endomaxilar ligament, equal to the fibrous portion of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FAD6535174D0FA48" box="[1376,1452,563,587]" italics="true" pageId="60">malaris</emphasis>
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, to a insertion at the connective tissue between the anterior margin of the premaxilla and upper lip; and the anteroventral fibers converges into an ectomaxillary ligament that inserts at the posterolateral face of the maxilla. The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FB9C53C1750AFAB8" box="[1066,1142,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="60">malaris</emphasis>
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is positioned lateroventrally to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FD8653AA73CFFAE3" box="[560,691,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="60">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C364B2A9FFDDE404FDB0538C7414FE15" pageId="60" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDDE404FDB0538C733CFC55" blockId="60.[485,1461,451,1259]" pageId="60">
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FDF7538C73B8FB05" box="[577,708,750,774]" italics="true" pageId="60">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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originates in the hyomandibula, sphenotic, and metapterygoid. At its origin, the lateralmost portion of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FC6152717526FB28" box="[983,1114,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="60">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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, presumably corresponding to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FDA2525A7324FB53" box="[532,600,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="60">rictalis</emphasis>
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, is separated dorsally from the fibers of the presumed
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FB7F525A746FFB53" box="[1225,1299,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="60">stegalis</emphasis>
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by the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FAD9525A730BFB75" italics="true" pageId="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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, becoming continuous at their mid-portion and partially differentiated towards their insertion sites. The fibers corresponding to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FB2152E175A7FB98" box="[1175,1243,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="60">rictalis</emphasis>
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inserts mainly into the coronoid process and to the posterodorsal margin of the anguloarticular; and the presumed
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FDEB52AC73DBFBE5" box="[605,679,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="60">stegalis</emphasis>
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converges into an intersegmental aponeurosis weakly differentiated, where its ventral portion differentiates into the meckelian tendon to an insertion to the coronomeckelian bone, and the anterodorsal fibers converges into the mandibular tendon.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDDE404FDB0550173CAFCE8" blockId="60.[485,1461,451,1259]" pageId="60">
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FD8C55067240FC78" box="[570,828,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="60">segmentum mandibularis</emphasis>
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is located dorsally to Meckel’s cartilage, extending about 50% of the dorsal portion of this cartilage. The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FBA955EB7415FCA3" box="[1055,1385,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="60">ramus mandibularis trigeminus</emphasis>
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nerve trespasses the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FD3355CC7274FCC5" box="[645,776,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="60">ricto-stegalis</emphasis>
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, and lies lateral to the presumptive
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FB2955CC7595FCC5" box="[1183,1257,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="60">stegalis</emphasis>
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and mesial to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FE5F55B17351FCE8" box="[489,557,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="60">rictalis</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FDD555B173D3FCE8" box="[611,687,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="60">malaris</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC1E122FFDDE404FDB0547C7414FE15" blockId="60.[487,1460,1310,1558]" pageId="60">
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FDB0547C7269FD35" bold="true" box="[518,789,1310,1334]" pageId="60">Levator arcus palatini.</emphasis>
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The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FCE4547C7556FD35" box="[850,1066,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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has a roughly parallelogram shape, originating from the ventral margin of the frontal and sphenotic and inserting onto the hyomandibula. The origin of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FCEB540A7548FD83" box="[861,1076,1384,1408]" italics="true" pageId="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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is slightly wider than its insertion. At the insertion, posterolateral fiber bundles of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FB8C54EC7465FDA5" box="[1082,1305,1422,1446]" italics="true" pageId="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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are lateral to the presumptive
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FD1354D17395FDC8" box="[677,745,1459,1483]" italics="true" pageId="60">rictalis</emphasis>
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, while its anterolateral, anteromesial and posteromesial bundles are medial to the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FD0754BA7389FDF3" box="[689,757,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="60">rictalis</emphasis>
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. The
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FC8D54BA756AFDF3" box="[827,1046,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="60">levator arcus palatini</emphasis>
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has a mesial arrangement where the anterior margin of the
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<emphasis id="B90A3D30FFDDE404FD5E549C72F8FE15" box="[744,900,1534,1558]" italics="true" pageId="60">dilator operculi</emphasis>
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exceeds the median portion of this muscle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |