233 lines
20 KiB
XML
233 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.7717/peerj.7386" ID-GBIF-Dataset="41ff7b58-5204-42ec-b85a-75a6904af370" ID-PMC="PMC6716565" ID-PubMed="31523494" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5767530" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_document="1" checkinTime="1638970172773" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Murillo-Ramos, Leidys, Brehm, Gunnar, Sihvonen, Pasi, Hausmann, Axel, Holm, Sille, Ghanavi, Hamid Reza, Õunap, Erki, Truuverk, Andro, Staude, Hermann, Friedrich, Egbert, Tammaru, Toomas & Wahlberg, Niklas" docDate="2019" docId="038F87AD2B0DFFA42EC55ACFFA4F0CF7" docLanguage="en" docName="PeerJ.7.e7386.pdf" docOrigin="PeerJ 7" docTitle="Archiearinae Fletcher 1953" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="19" masterDocId="FFB6FFD52B1FFFB72F375F1EFFC20D03" masterDocTitle="A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) with a focus on enigmatic small subfamilies" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1668138804254" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) with a focus on enigmatic small subfamilies</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Murillo-Ramos, Leidys</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Brehm, Gunnar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sihvonen, Pasi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hausmann, Axel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Holm, Sille</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ghanavi, Hamid Reza</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Õunap, Erki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Truuverk, Andro</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Staude, Hermann</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Friedrich, Egbert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tammaru, Toomas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wahlberg, Niklas</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PeerJ</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2019-08-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>7</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>39</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.7717/peerj.7386</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">41ff7b58-5204-42ec-b85a-75a6904af370</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC6716565</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">31523494</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5767530</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767469" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191256152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5767469" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038F87AD2B0DFFA42EC55ACFFA4F0CF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038F87AD2B0DFFA42EC55ACFFA4F0CF7" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection box="[498,836,1489,1516]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[498,1533,1489,1917]" box="[498,836,1489,1516]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading bold="true" box="[498,836,1489,1516]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="6">
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<taxonomicName authority="Fletcher, 1953" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[498,836,1489,1516]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[498,836,1489,1516]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Archiearinae Fletcher, 1953</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="18.[498,1533,1489,1917]" lastBlockId="19.[498,1541,234,500]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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The hypothesis presented in this study recovered
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[1084,1234,1532,1558]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
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as a monophyletic entity after some taxonomic rearrangements are performed. This subfamily was previously considered as sister to
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[767,918,1612,1638]" pageId="18" pageNumber="12" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Geometrinae">Geometrinae</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName authority="(Abraham et al., 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Abraham et al." baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[952,1363,1612,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Ennominae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Ennominae (
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<bibRefCitation author="Abraham" box="[1106,1352,1612,1638]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Abraham" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="65 - 77" part="20" refId="ref18035" refString="Abraham D, Ryrholm N, Wittzell H, Jeremy DH, Scoble MJ, Lofstedt C. 2001. Molecular phylogeny of the subfamilies in Geometridae (Geometroidea: Lepidoptera). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20 (1): 65 - 77 DOI 10.1006 / mpev. 2001.0949." title="Molecular phylogeny of the subfamilies in Geometridae (Geometroidea: Lepidoptera)" type="journal article" year="2001">
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<emphasis box="[1106,1352,1612,1638]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Abraham et al., 2001</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, whereas
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<bibRefCitation author="Yamamoto & Sota" box="[498,799,1652,1678]" firstAuthor="Yamamoto" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="711 - 723" part="44" refId="ref21575" refString="Yamamoto S, Sota T. 2007. Phylogeny of the Geometridae and the evolution of winter moths inferred from a simultaneous analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44 (2): 711 - 723 DOI 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2006.12.027." title="Phylogeny of the Geometridae and the evolution of winter moths inferred from a simultaneous analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes" type="journal article" year="2007">
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<emphasis box="[498,799,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Yamamoto & Sota (2007)</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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proposed them to be the sister-taxon to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Holloway" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1284,1444,1651,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Orthostixinae">Orthostixinae</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1886" box="[498,694,1691,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Desmobathrinae">Desmobathrinae</taxonomicName>
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. Our findings agree with
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<bibRefCitation author="Sihvonen" box="[996,1249,1691,1718]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sihvonen" journalOrPublisher="PLOS ONE" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="20356" part="6" refId="ref20700" refString="Sihvonen P, Mutanen M, Kaila L, Brehm G, Hausmann A, Staude HS. 2011. Comprehensive molecular sampling yields a robust phylogeny for geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). PLOS ONE 6 (6): e 20356 DOI 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0020356." title="Comprehensive molecular sampling yields a robust phylogeny for geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)" type="journal article" year="2011">
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<emphasis box="[996,1249,1691,1718]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName authority="Murillo-Ramos & Brehm & Sihvonen & Hausmann & Holm & Ghanavi & Õunap & Truuverk & Staude & Friedrich & Tammaru & Wahlberg, 2019" authorityName="Murillo-Ramos & Brehm & Sihvonen & Hausmann & Holm & Ghanavi & Õunap & Truuverk & Staude & Friedrich & Tammaru & Wahlberg" authorityYear="2019" box="[996,1101,1691,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" status="new subfamily" subFamily="Sihvonen">Sihvonen</taxonomicName>
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et al. (2011)
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</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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who recovered
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[498,648,1731,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
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as the sister-taxon to the rest of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[1040,1191,1731,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Geometridae</taxonomicName>
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excluding
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1892" box="[1321,1441,1731,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sterrhinae">Sterrhinae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duponchel" authorityYear="1845" box="[498,632,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Larentiinae">Larentiinae</taxonomicName>
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, although only one species was included in their study.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hubner, (1823)" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1823" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Archiearis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1293,1411,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Archiearis</emphasis>
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Hübner, (1823)
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</taxonomicName>
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is sister to
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<taxonomicName authority="Esper, 1787" authorityName="Esper" authorityYear="1787" box="[712,1015,1811,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Boudinotiana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[712,870,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Boudinotiana</emphasis>
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Esper, 1787
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</taxonomicName>
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and these taxa in turn are sister to
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<taxonomicName authority="Grote, 1874" authorityName="Grote" authorityYear="1874" box="[498,801,1851,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Leucobrephos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[498,654,1851,1877]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Leucobrephos</emphasis>
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Grote, 1874
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[820,885,1851,1877]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="10.[116,181,1038,1060]" captionTargetBox="[90,1342,236,978]" captionTargetId="graphics-225@10.[90,1168,244,977]" captionText="Figure 4 Phylogenetic relationships of the subfamilies Archierinae, Desmobathrinae, Epidesmiinae subfam. nov., Oenochrominae. Numbers above branches are SH-aLRT support (%)/ultrafast bootstrap support, UFBoot2(%), for nodes to the right of the numbers. Values of SH ≥ 80 and UFBoot2 ≥ 95 indicate well-supported clades (Trifinopoulos & Minh, 2018). Taxonomic changes are indicated by a symobolized arrow>. *Formal taxonomic treatment will be dealt with in P. Sihvonen et al., 2019, unpublished data. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7386/fig-4" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767538" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5767538/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). The southern hemisphere
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[1221,1371,1851,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
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require more attention.
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<bibRefCitation author="Young" box="[619,776,1890,1916]" firstAuthor="Young" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" pagination="1 - 147" part="1264" refId="ref21647" refString="Young CJ. 2006. Molecular relationships of the Australian Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and implications for the phylogeny of the Geometridae from molecular and morphological data. Zootaxa 1264 (1): 1 - 147 DOI 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1264.1.1." title="Molecular relationships of the Australian Ennominae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) and implications for the phylogeny of the Geometridae from molecular and morphological data" type="journal article" year="2006">
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<emphasis box="[619,776,1890,1916]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Young (2006)</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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suggested that two Australian
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[1142,1292,1891,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
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genera,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1910" box="[1393,1454,1891,1916]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Dirce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1393,1454,1891,1916]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Dirce</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1926" box="[498,612,234,260]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acalyphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[498,612,234,260]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Acalyphes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, actually belong to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abraham et al." baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[845,983,234,260]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ennominae">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
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. Our analyses clearly support this view and we therefore propose to formally transfer
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1910" box="[952,1013,275,300]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Dirce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[952,1013,275,300]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dirce</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1926" box="[1075,1189,274,300]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acalyphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1075,1189,274,300]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Acalyphes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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to
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Abraham et al." baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1230,1365,274,300]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ennominae">Ennominae</taxonomicName>
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(all formal taxonomic changes are provided in
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<tableCitation box="[921,1009,314,340]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="15.[117,172,248,269]" captionText="Table 2 Summary of formally proposed taxonomic changes." pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). Unfortunately, the South American
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[498,648,354,380]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
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genera
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<taxonomicName authority="Fletcher, 1953" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[743,1060,354,381]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Archiearides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[743,887,354,380]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Archiearides</emphasis>
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Fletcher, 1953
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="Fletcher, 1953" authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[1122,1469,354,381]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Lachnocephala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1122,1294,354,380]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Lachnocephala</emphasis>
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Fletcher, 1953
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</taxonomicName>
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, and Mexican
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<taxonomicName authority="Dyar, 1912" authorityName="Dyar" authorityYear="1912" box="[607,903,394,420]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Caenosynteles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[607,767,394,420]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Caenosynteles</emphasis>
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Dyar, 1912
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation accessDate="2018-08-29" author="Pitkin & Jenkins" box="[921,1182,394,420]" firstAuthor="Pitkin" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" publicationUrl="http://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/butmoth/" refId="ref20083" refString="Pitkin B, Jenkins P. 2004. Butterflies and moths of the world, generic names and their type-species. Available at http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / our-science / data / butmoth / (accessed 29 August 2018)." title="Butterflies and moths of the world, generic names and their type-species" type="url" year="2004">
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<emphasis box="[921,1182,394,420]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pitkin & Jenkins, 2004</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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), could not be included in our analyses. These presumably diurnal taxa may only be superficially similar to northern hemisphere
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fletcher" authorityYear="1953" box="[642,792,473,499]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Archiearinae">Archiearinae</taxonomicName>
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as was the case with Australian
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Prout" authorityYear="1910" box="[1178,1239,474,499]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Dirce" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1178,1239,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dirce</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Turner" authorityYear="1926" box="[1300,1414,473,499]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Acalyphes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[1300,1414,473,499]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Acalyphes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |