treatments-xml/data/03/CC/C7/03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

313 lines
37 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="306254BBAADC69F609BECC197CC73DF7" ID-CLB-Dataset="179307" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5feade86-66c8-4b1f-aa53-ec835c3d10a1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7284369" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1667552980624" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Leplat, Johann, Francois, Alexandre &amp; Bousta, Faisl" docDate="2022" docId="03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.571.2.5.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 571 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Leptobacillium cavernicola Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="193" masterDocId="FFF5BF6BFFA5FFE4FFB8FF876921FFCE" masterDocTitle="Leptobacillium cavernicola, a newly discovered fungal species isolated from several Paleolithic-decorated caves in France" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="186" pageNumber="190" updateTime="1699409659511" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="89EE094660A347C833B9806B61AE244A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="22F63C61C554730EB160E29FAE35D173">
<mods:title id="5A08392B31A6356B9FEE1C9DCAD4A4F5">Leptobacillium cavernicola, a newly discovered fungal species isolated from several Paleolithic-decorated caves in France</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="15C4F6A5B3BF277B59B50E4F1335AEEF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F6110BB377D6AB07518D25F05F5B0821">
<mods:roleTerm id="C570257CAF00C10847BC7BACEA7695C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F9B18B498A2F4D3919B513383C8A7B62">Leplat, Johann</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F986C440CFC5A4187854036B706DBC7A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1288-0397</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4AC0E4884A47337DE27A890F2BC27645">Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques (LRMH), Ministère de la Culture, 29 rue de Paris, 77420 Champs-sur-Marne, France &amp; Sorbonne Universités, Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC, USR 3224), Museum national dHistoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, CNRS; CP 21, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 75005 Paris, France &amp; johann. leplat @ culture. gouv. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1288 - 0397</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C32E60BFCEFD31385C22B75AE2E5AA25" type="email">johann.leplat@culture.gouv.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="546887D3E3947E5C7C5E8DE08EF9C7B5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1104EC991A1B592096D6B8D9D0940526">
<mods:roleTerm id="97F419BE12E20A88F7A9261095AC1BA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2916E3EEB414782D62DDE5EABDBF2CDD">Francois, Alexandre</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="44358F468F1E65ED4AAC8536E3666DDE" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1706-5084</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D9FEC66B9C2B3E487A6E29D866CFB2F0">Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques (LRMH), Ministère de la Culture, 29 rue de Paris, 77420 Champs-sur-Marne, France &amp; Sorbonne Universités, Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC, USR 3224), Museum national dHistoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, CNRS; CP 21, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 75005 Paris, France &amp; alexandre. francois @ culture. gouv. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1706 - 5084</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C49F12E86C5B6BB645E0416B10B91F14" type="email">alexandre.francois@culture.gouv.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="742D1FA2B374A848A7037E6E29FD0955" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78F58F8492232C4916EF35A8AFC7A118">
<mods:roleTerm id="DC509BB85A2C4FC7582FEABF60F4FA07">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="06ACFE119E04062FDB9F0040BD4DEF55">Bousta, Faisl</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="47DCE56A3DC29664E2D90C8CB382BD74" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1056-8463</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F4E3D332CB6314FA05A14A68A72F4871">Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques (LRMH), Ministère de la Culture, 29 rue de Paris, 77420 Champs-sur-Marne, France &amp; Sorbonne Universités, Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC, USR 3224), Museum national dHistoire naturelle, Ministère de la Culture, CNRS; CP 21, 36 rue Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, 75005 Paris, France &amp; faisl. bousta @ culture. gouv. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1056 - 8463</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="74BF4A6110B7718449E5F931AC42C49B" type="email">faisl.bousta@culture.gouv.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8405298FB9995B1A904545D55189DE27">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6D3262E1252EDB80B131833218518BE5" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="F2148610294D4BA3490F0D6DC3467058">
<mods:title id="28B339C223562F44DC023157FB0A0BA8">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9C8F52E10A17990DAC34D60E6338084B">
<mods:date id="9B22B1C85483F36C57CF74561EBB9B64">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B1006E54715F6DE615F61C66EEB74924" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="02FE25483C1AD9CC3474E81D8B695CB8">2022-11-03</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5D316A8B538B747549ED3CE392C10A90" type="volume">
<mods:number id="87CA7D22773AF8716AC9ADA76C938302">571</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AFFF5B03186B5255912822B6D0A332A0" type="issue">
<mods:number id="79993C121C29811352932A692EF60CB8">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="9BD64CEB63E67D00F03AFAE3171D03DE" unit="page">
<mods:start id="C2B33B4F12897BFBC8EBBA51DF5FC375">186</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CBCDC74EABF38C54362A187239145492">196</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="5C6B15851D504B64E7F92159137597B9">
<mods:url id="3C6AF01774CD7004E54776A62AC2643E">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.5</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D8117D218F7CFC43711AC9B0E58EAD5D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C90932E54C752D0736DC8655AE6E4449" type="CLB-Dataset">179307</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4D09FAEAE498A9904A6A1B76CC87ADBE" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.5</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1EE386B4DE6D07EFBACC334AD99F08E6" type="GBIF-Dataset">5feade86-66c8-4b1f-aa53-ec835c3d10a1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3D08D1FAB5FE76F9B0B17B0C58A23494" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C6BCAF5AB8C1413F54144EBF9BE13724" type="Zenodo-Dep">7284369</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7293337" ID-GBIF-Taxon="204195445" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7293337" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="193" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA1FFE0FF30FCD36A74FCA0" box="[136,853,852,879]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF30FCD36A74FCA0" blockId="4.[136,853,852,879]" box="[136,853,852,879]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<heading id="D092C169FFA1FFE0FF30FCD36A74FCA0" box="[136,853,852,879]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FF30FCD36B35FCA0" ID-CoL="B2WS6" authority="Leplat" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[136,532,852,879]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF30FCD368E2FCA1" bold="true" box="[136,451,852,879]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Leptobacillium cavernicola</emphasis>
Leplat
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FD98FCD26B55FCA0" box="[544,628,853,878]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222176CFFA1FFE0FD98FCD26B55FCA0" box="[544,628,853,878]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FDC3FCD36BDBFCA0" box="[635,762,852,878]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MB844042" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="EnaNcbi">MB844042</accessionNumber>
(
<figureCitation id="135E6A80FFA1FFE0FCB2FCD36A6DFCA0" box="[778,844,852,878]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[183,1404,190,1929]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[183,1404,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Leptobacillium cavernicola (Photographer: J. LEPLAT) ab. Upper and reverse views of the culture on MEA (14 d at 25 °C). cd. Upper and reverse views of the culture on PDA (14 d at 25 °C). e. Long chains of cylindrical to fusiform microconidia. The arrow indicates the typical first-formed conidium, which is shorter, obovoid to pyriform with a rounded distal end. f. Phialides, indicated by arrows. Scale bars: ef = 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7284380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7284380/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA1FFE0FF05FCFF685BFC78" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF05FCFF685BFC78" blockId="4.[136,1452,888,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF05FCFF6804FC5C" box="[189,293,888,914]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">GenBank</emphasis>
:
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FE8FFCFF6899FC5D" box="[311,440,888,915]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM622527" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">OM622527</accessionNumber>
(ITS),
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FDB7FCFF6BB1FC5C" box="[527,656,888,914]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM628786" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">OM628786</accessionNumber>
(LSU),
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FD4AFCFF6A52FC5C" box="[754,883,888,914]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM628847" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">OM628847</accessionNumber>
(SSU),
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FC6BFCFF6D75FC5C" box="[979,1108,888,914]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM677786" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">OM677786</accessionNumber>
(RPB1),
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FB7CFCFF6C64FC5D" box="[1220,1349,888,915]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM654326" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">OM654326</accessionNumber>
(RPB2),
<accessionNumber id="9436EBE6FFA1FFE0FF30FC1B6828FC79" box="[136,265,924,951]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/OM654337" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">OM654337</accessionNumber>
(TEF1-α)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA1FFE0FF05FC4768FAFC30" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF05FC4768FAFC30" blockId="4.[136,1452,888,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF05FC476880FC14" box="[189,417,960,986]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Systematic position</emphasis>
: Fungi,
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FDADFC4768FAFC30" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
Dikarya, Ascomycota,
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FC91FC466AFDFC14" box="[809,988,961,986]" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subPhylum" subPhylum="Pezizomycotina">Pezizomycotina</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FC4AFC476D91FC14" authorityName="O.E.Erikss. &amp; Winka" authorityYear="1997" box="[1010,1200,960,986]" class="Sordariomycetes" kingdom="Fungi" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="class">Sordariomycetes</taxonomicName>
, Hypocreomycetidae,
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FF30FC636836FC30" authorityName="Lindau" authorityYear="1897" box="[136,279,996,1022]" class="Sordariomycetes" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="order">Hypocreales</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FE9BFC6368FAFC30" box="[291,475,996,1022]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Cordycipitaceae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA1FFE0FF05FB8F6DB4FB89" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF05FB8F6DB4FB89" blockId="4.[136,1452,888,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<materialsCitation id="3B0D7C58FFA1FFE0FF05FB8F6DB4FB89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960966303" collectingDate="2018-10-22" country="France" county="Pair-non-Pair cave" latitude="45.038887" location="Prignac-et-Marcamps" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="-0.50166667" municipality="Isolated" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF05FB8F680BFBEC" bold="true" box="[189,298,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<typeStatus id="54DEC8A7FFA1FFE0FF05FB8F680BFBEC" box="[189,298,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F3723695FFA1FFE0FEF3FB8F68E1FBEC" box="[331,448,1032,1058]" name="France" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="8EBA20DEFFA1FFE0FE72FB8F6BE1FBEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA:8EBA20DEFFA1FFE0FE72FB8F6BE1FBEC" box="[458,704,1032,1058]" country="France" county="Pair-non-Pair cave" latitude="45.038887" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="-0.50166667" municipality="Isolated" name="Prignac-et-Marcamps" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Prignac-et-Marcamps</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA1FFE0FD72FB8F6A7BFBED" box="[714,858,1032,1059]" degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="2" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" precision="15" seconds="20" value="45.038887">45° 2 20” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA1FFE0FCDDFB8F6ACAFBED" box="[869,1003,1032,1059]" degrees="0" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" precision="15" seconds="6" value="-0.50166667">0° 30 6” W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFDB50C5FFA1FFE0FC4DFB8F6D94FBEC" box="[1013,1205,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" value="2018-10-22">
<collectingDate id="EF9FA92DFFA1FFE0FC4DFB8F6D94FBEC" box="[1013,1205,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" value="2018-10-22">22 October 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBEEC7FFFA1FFE0FB06FB8F6C36FBEC" box="[1214,1303,1032,1058]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Isolated</collectingMunicipality>
from surface sampling in the
<collectingCounty id="62BB0E89FFA1FFE0FE84FBAB6B2EFB89" box="[316,527,1068,1095]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Pair-non-Pair cave</collectingCounty>
, CBS 149113, preserved in a metabolically inactive state.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1A268DFFA1FFE0FF30F9406B75F878" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7284373" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7284373" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7284373/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" startId="4.[136,234,1735,1757]" targetBox="[164,1423,1119,1711]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF30F9406C23F8CC" blockId="4.[136,1452,1735,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF30F9406822F912" bold="true" box="[136,259,1735,1757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic studies of
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FE57F94F6BD9F913" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[495,760,1736,1757]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FE57F94F6BD9F913" box="[495,760,1736,1757]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Leptobacillium cavernicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strains through maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference in relation to
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FF19F96B687DF8CF" box="[161,348,1772,1793]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="spp">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF19F96B6813F8CF" box="[161,306,1772,1793]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Leptobacillium</emphasis>
spp
</taxonomicName>
. strains for which at least two different DNA loci were available in the NCBI GenBank database.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF30F8976B75F878" blockId="4.[136,1452,1735,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
The trees were obtained from a dataset including 32 taxa leading to a concatenated alignment of 4311 bp from six nuclear regions (ITS, LSU, SSU, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1-α). The trees were rooted with
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FCA3F8B36D34F887" authority="CBS" authorityName="CBS" box="[795,1045,1844,1865]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gamszarea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="wallacei">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FCA3F8B36AC1F887" box="[795,992,1844,1865]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Gamszarea wallacei</emphasis>
CBS
</taxonomicName>
101237 as an outgroup. Bootstrap values greater than or equal to 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities greater than or equal to 0.70 are located close to the corresponding node. The specific strains studied are printed in bold. The two strains that are not included in a gray area are those for which the identification is uncertain according to the phylogenetic studies.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA1FFE0FF05F863687DF7ED" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA1FFE0FF05F863687DF7ED" blockId="4.[136,1452,2020,2083]" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FF05F8636814F830" box="[189,309,2020,2046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">Etymology</emphasis>
: The epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA1FFE0FE73F8636B6EF830" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[459,591,2020,2046]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="4" pageNumber="190" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA1FFE0FE73F8636B6EF830" box="[459,591,2020,2046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="190">cavernicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the environment from which the strains of the species were mainly isolated, i.e. caves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF1A268DFFA0FFE1FF30F96A6DB7F7ED" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7284376" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7284376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7284376/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" startId="5.[136,229,1773,1795]" targetBox="[228,1359,190,1749]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA0FFE1FF30F96A6A7BF8E9" blockId="5.[136,1452,1773,2083]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA0FFE1FF30F96A69DFF8CC" bold="true" box="[136,254,1773,1795]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic studies of
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA0FFE1FE54F96A6BD4F8CC" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[492,757,1773,1794]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA0FFE1FE54F96A6BD4F8CC" box="[492,757,1773,1794]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Leptobacillium cavernicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
strains through maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference in relation to all
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA0FFE1FF07F896685FF8E9" box="[191,382,1809,1831]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA0FFE1FF07F896685BF8E9" box="[191,378,1809,1831]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="spp">Leptobacillium spp</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
strains available in the NCBI GenBank database.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA0FFE1FF30F8B26DB7F7ED" blockId="5.[136,1452,1773,2083]" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">
The trees were obtained from a dataset including 91 taxa leading to a concatenated alignment of 1074 bp from two nuclear regions (ITS, LSU). The trees were rooted with
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA0FFE1FE6EF8DE6BEAF8A0" authority="CBS" authorityName="CBS" box="[470,715,1881,1903]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Gamszarea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="wallacei">Gamszarea wallacei CBS</taxonomicName>
101237 as an outgroup. Bootstrap values greater than or equal to 70 % and Bayesian posterior probabilities greater than or equal to 0.70 are located close to the corresponding node. The DNA locus sequenced and the accession number for each strain are indicated in parentheses. The strains without details of DNA locus and accession number are those already used in the first phylogenetic study. The strains in bold print correspond to strains isolated from hypogean environments in general, and caves in particular. The strains that are not included in a gray area are those that cannot be clearly sorted within an existing
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA0FFE1FF30F78A6838F7EC" box="[136,281,2061,2082]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA0FFE1FF30F78A6838F7EC" box="[136,281,2061,2082]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Leptobacillium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade. Strains in the hatched gray area probably belong to
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA0FFE1FCF5F78A6D77F7EC" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[845,1110,2061,2082]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA0FFE1FCF5F78A6D77F7EC" box="[845,1110,2061,2082]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="191">Leptobacillium cavernicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF1A268DFFA3FFE2FF30F8266D09F7EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7284380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7284380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7284380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="192" startId="6.[136,229,1953,1975]" targetBox="[183,1404,190,1929]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA3FFE2FF30F8266A3DF878" blockId="6.[136,1452,1953,2083]" box="[136,796,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA3FFE2FF30F82669DFF878" bold="true" box="[136,254,1953,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA3FFE2FEBBF8266B2DF878" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[259,524,1953,1974]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="6" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA3FFE2FEBBF8266B2DF878" box="[259,524,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">Leptobacillium cavernicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Photographer: J. LEPLAT)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA3FFE2FF30F8426D09F7EC" blockId="6.[136,1452,1953,2083]" pageId="6" pageNumber="192">ab. Upper and reverse views of the culture on MEA (14 d at 25 °C). cd. Upper and reverse views of the culture on PDA (14 d at 25 °C). e. Long chains of cylindrical to fusiform microconidia. The arrow indicates the typical first-formed conidium, which is shorter, obovoid to pyriform with a rounded distal end. f. Phialides, indicated by arrows. Scale bars: ef = 10 µm.</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA2FFE3FF05FF196A60FE7A" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA2FFE3FF05FF196AAAFF12" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
Colonies on MEA reached
<quantity id="4C9DDBE0FFA2FFE3FE52FF196B42FF77" box="[490,611,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="12.0">1224 mm</quantity>
diam. after 14 days at 25 °C, aerial mycelium can be scarce, velvety, white, slightly yellow exudate present in some strains. Reverse dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA2FFE3FF05FF616D98FEEA" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
Colonies on PDA reached
<quantity id="4C9DDBE0FFA2FFE3FE48FF616B4DFECF" box="[496,620,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="14.0">1420 mm</quantity>
diam. after 14 days at 25 °C, aerial mycelium can be scarce, velvety to floccose, white. Reverse usually dark brown. Yellow diffusible pigment present in some strains.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA2FFE3FF05FEA96AD4FE5E" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Phialides 5.127.2 x 1.2 1.7 µm, mainly solitary, slender, tapering toward tip. Conidia 3.16.9 x 0.9 1.5 µm, forming long, slender chains, narrowly cylindrical to slightly fusiform, some were slightly lemon-shaped, first-formed conidium were usually shorter, obovoid to pyriform with a rounded distal end.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA2FFE3FF05FE1D6A60FE7A" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,833,410,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Chlamydospore absent. Octahedral crystals not observed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA2FFE3FF05FE396DCDFDA7" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA2FFE3FF05FE396DCDFDA7" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
<materialsCitation id="3B0D7C58FFA2FFE3FF05FE396BD5FDEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960966301" collectingDate="2016-10" collectingDateMax="2018-10" collectingDateMin="2016-10" country="France" county="Combarelles cave" latitude="44.94361" location="Other" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="1.0422221" municipality="Pair-non-Pair cave" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8EBA20DEFFA2FFE3FF05FE3969DCFE16" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA:8EBA20DEFFA2FFE3FF05FE3969DCFE16" box="[189,253,446,472]" country="France" county="Combarelles cave" latitude="44.94361" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="1.0422221" municipality="Pair-non-Pair cave" name="Other" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Other</location>
strains examined:—
<collectingCountry id="F3723695FFA2FFE3FE51FE396B7DFE16" box="[489,604,446,472]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
. LRMH C212, LRMH C216, LRMH C302, LRMH C304,
<location id="8EBA20DEFFA2FFE3FAB0FE396C57FE16" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA:8EBA20DEFFA2FFE3FAB0FE396C57FE16" box="[1288,1398,446,472]" country="France" county="Combarelles cave" latitude="44.94361" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="1.0422221" municipality="Pair-non-Pair cave" name="Cabrerets" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Cabrerets</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA2FFE3FA3CFE3969DBFE33" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" precision="15" seconds="27" value="44.5075">44° 30 27″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA2FFE3FEBEFE6368ACFE33" box="[262,397,483,511]" degrees="1" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" precision="15" seconds="40" value="1.6444445">1°38 40″ E</geoCoordinate>
, isolated from air samplings in
<location id="8EBA20DEFFA2FFE3FD4FFE656A99FE33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CCC713FFA1FFE3FF30FCD36A1BFCAA:8EBA20DEFFA2FFE3FD4FFE656A99FE33" box="[759,952,482,509]" country="France" county="Combarelles cave" latitude="44.94361" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="1.0422221" municipality="Pair-non-Pair cave" name="Pech-Merle cave" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Pech-Merle cave</location>
, LRMH C212 and LRMH C
<quantity id="4C9DDBE0FFA2FFE3FAB8FE656C68FE32" box="[1280,1353,482,508]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4864" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" unit="in" value="216.0">216 in</quantity>
<date id="FFDB50C5FFA2FFE3FAE9FE6569E2FDEE" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2016-10">
<collectingDate id="EF9FA92DFFA2FFE3FAE9FE6569E2FDEE" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2016-10">October 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, LRMH C302 and LRMH C
<quantity id="4C9DDBE0FFA2FFE3FDBFFD816B6EFDEE" box="[519,591,518,544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7216" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" unit="in" value="304.0">304 in</quantity>
<date id="FFDB50C5FFA2FFE3FDEFFD816BD5FDEE" box="[599,756,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2018-10">
<collectingDate id="EF9FA92DFFA2FFE3FDEFFD816BD5FDEE" box="[599,756,518,544]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2018-10">October 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0D7C58FFA2FFE3FCB8FD806A46FD8B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960966304" collectingDate="2016-10" collectingDateMax="2018-10" collectingDateMin="2016-10" country="France" county="Combarelles cave" latitude="44.94361" location="Pair-non-Pair cave" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="1.0422221" municipality="Pair-non-Pair cave" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" specimenCount="1">
LRMH C217, Prignac-et-Marcamps,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA2FFE3FB1EFD816C18FDEF" box="[1190,1337,518,545]" degrees="45" direction="north" minutes="2" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" precision="15" seconds="20" value="45.038887">45° 2 20” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA2FFE3FAFDFD816982FD8B" degrees="0" direction="west" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" precision="15" seconds="6" value="-0.50166667">0° 30 6” W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFDB50C5FFA2FFE3FF15FDAD6866FD8A" box="[173,327,554,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2016-10">
<collectingDate id="EF9FA92DFFA2FFE3FF15FDAD6866FD8A" box="[173,327,554,580]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2016-10">October 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, isolated from air sampling in
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBEEC7FFFA2FFE3FD2CFDAD6A46FD8B" box="[660,871,554,581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Pair-non-Pair cave</collectingMunicipality>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B0D7C58FFA2FFE3FCC9FDAC6DC9FDA7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3960966302" collectingDate="2018-10" collectingDateMax="2018-10" collectingDateMin="2016-10" country="France" county="Combarelles cave" latitude="44.94361" location="Combarelles cave" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="1.0422221" municipality="Pair-non-Pair cave" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" specimenCount="1">
LRMH C313, LRMH C314, Les Eyzies-de-Taillac-Sireuil,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA2FFE3FF59FDC9685FFDA7" box="[225,382,590,619]" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" precision="15" seconds="37" value="44.94361">44° 56 37″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5110C2FFA2FFE3FE31FDC96B35FDA7" box="[393,532,590,619]" degrees="1" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" precision="15" seconds="32" value="1.0422221">1° 02 32″ E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FFDB50C5FFA2FFE3FD98FDC96B9DFDA6" box="[544,700,590,616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2018-10">
<collectingDate id="EF9FA92DFFA2FFE3FD98FDC96B9DFDA6" box="[544,700,590,616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" value="2018-10">October 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, isolated from air samplings in
<collectingCounty id="62BB0E89FFA2FFE3FBA5FDC96DC9FDA7" box="[1053,1256,590,617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">Combarelles cave</collectingCounty>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37F258EFFA2FFE3FF05FDF46A1BFCAA" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BDA7605FFA2FFE3FF05FDF46A1BFCAA" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">
Notes:
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FEB5FDF56B1EFD42" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[269,575,626,652]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">Leptobacillium cavernicola</taxonomicName>
is distinguishable in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FC24FDF56D66FD42" box="[924,1095,626,652]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Leptobacillium</taxonomicName>
by its slow growth rate on PDA at 25 °C, which is comparable to the rates recorded for
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FD53FD106D46FD7E" authority="var. leptobactrum" box="[747,1127,662,689]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Plectosphaerellaceae" genus="Verticillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Glomerellales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="leptobactrum" variety="leptobactrum">L. leptobactrum var. leptobactrum</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FB23FD106C14FD7E" box="[1179,1333,662,689]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="muralicola">L. muralicola</taxonomicName>
. However, caution should be applied when comparing with
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FD13FD3C6A63FD1A" box="[683,834,698,725]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="muralicola">L. muralicola</taxonomicName>
due to the differences in experimental protocol:
<bibRefCitation id="EFF40BF4FFA2FFE3FADCFD3D69D7FD36" author="Sun, J. - Z. &amp; Ge, Q. - Y. &amp; Zhu, Z. - B. &amp; Zhang, X. - L. &amp; Liu, X. - Z." pageId="7" pageNumber="193" pagination="225 - 236" refId="ref7795" refString="Sun, J. - Z., Ge, Q. - Y., Zhu, Z. - B., Zhang, X. - L. &amp; Liu, X. - Z. (2019) Three dominating hypocrealean fungi of the ' white mold spots' on acrylic varnish coatings of the murals in a Koguryo tomb in China. Phytotaxa 397 (3): 225 - 236. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 397.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
Sun
<emphasis id="B911AA17FFA2FFE3FA2FFD3C6984FD36" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="193">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
studied the growth rate of this fungus at 20 °C over 10 days. The phialides produced by
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FB74FD586C4AFD36" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[1228,1387,734,761]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">L. cavernicola</taxonomicName>
seem shorter than those produced by
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FE5FFC846A45FCD2" authority="var. leptobactrum" box="[487,868,770,797]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Plectosphaerellaceae" genus="Verticillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Glomerellales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="variety" species="leptobactrum" variety="leptobactrum">L. leptobactrum var. leptobactrum</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FC22FC846D15FCD2" box="[922,1076,770,797]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="muralicola">L. muralicola</taxonomicName>
, and the difference between these three species is significantly supported by the phylogenetic data. The dark brown reverse of
<taxonomicName id="4C650D86FFA2FFE3FB19FCA06C63FC8E" authorityName="Leplat &amp; Francois &amp; Bousta" authorityYear="2022" box="[1185,1346,806,833]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Cordycipitaceae" genus="Leptobacillium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="cavernicola">L. cavernicola</taxonomicName>
on MEA and PDA media also seems to be characteristic of the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>