176 lines
18 KiB
XML
176 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="28C7E9330262FADAEB34BDDDBF4888D3">
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<mods:title id="BA2B52789348BC9BC61FF4F50900920B">Echimyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="54D1B50A5610F55DB0817ABA6B40E174" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="816D5D731C8F3B85B5FB482DE76C5D44">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B042F3C61E74A61A9222E7D7DEF0B7B">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7811AB729CAD6B1F0A7493D3F09A0BFD">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="0A9E25A244A9EF2163378A0072CCD3A2">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="F05E72A412C226DFECED8EDC2E1F7F88" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="3427472A670041E328D17F2FE3284FCF">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="EC99292703D973AA903B7438662E75D9">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="F5EE47DBE0377705E9CE2BCC1EEB66D2">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C5A071FFF3FFC7FAD1591D53ECF8F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6624600" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195810002" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6624600" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C5A071FFF3FFC7FAD1591D53ECF8F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C5A071FFF3FFC7FAD1591D53ECF8F1" lastPageNumber="582" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD1591D5FC7FEAA" box="[1389,1446,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD1591D5FC7FEAA" blockId="30.[1387,2576,276,361]" box="[1389,1446,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFF3FFC7FAD1591D5FC7FEAA" box="[1389,1446,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<figureCitation id="13570DE2FFF3FFC7FAD1591D5FC7FEAA" box="[1389,1446,276,318]" captionStart="Plate 35: Echimyidae" captionStartId="8.[107,137,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[14,2758,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="12. Broad-headed Spiny-rat (Clyomys laticeps), 13. Guiara (Euryzygomatomys spinosus), 14. White-spined Spiny-rat (Irinomys albispinus), 15. Elias’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys eliasi), 16. Rigid-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys paratus), 17. Yonenaga’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys yonenagae), 18. Elegant-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys setosus), 19. Moojen’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys moojeni), 20. Pau Brasil Spiny-rat (Trinomys mirapitanga), 21. Rio de Janeiro Spiny-rat (Trinomys dimidiatus), 22. Sao Paulo Spiny-rat (Trinomys thering), 23. Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys gratiosus), 24. Sao Lourenco Punare (Thrichomys laurentius), 25. Jacobina Punare (Thrichomys inermis), 26. Lagoa Santa Punare (Thrichomys apereoides), 27. Pantanal Punare (Thrichomys pachyurus), 28. Foster’s Punare (Thrichomys fosteri), 29. Painted Tree-rat (Callistomys pictus), 30. Coypu (Myocastor coypus), 31. Armored Rat (Hoplomys gymnurus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623784/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">55.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FA04591D5DA5FEAA" box="[1464,1988,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FA04591D5DA5FEAA" blockId="30.[1387,2576,276,361]" box="[1464,1988,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFF3FFC7FA04591D5DA5FEAA" box="[1464,1988,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFF3FFC7FA04591D5DA5FEAA" box="[1464,1988,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Orinoco Brush-tailed Rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7F7BA591D5371FEAA" box="[2054,2320,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7F7BA591D5371FEAA" blockId="30.[1387,2576,276,361]" box="[2054,2320,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFF3FFC7F7BA591D5371FEAA" box="[2054,2320,276,318]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7F7BA591D5371FEAA" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[2054,2320,276,318]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orinoci">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7F7BA591D5371FEAA" box="[2054,2320,276,318]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Isothrix orinoci</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD05959506FFEF1" box="[1388,2574,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD05959506FFEF1" blockId="30.[1387,2576,276,361]" box="[1388,2574,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFF3FFC7FAD05959506FFEF1" box="[1388,2574,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD059595FD7FEF1" bold="true" box="[1388,1462,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFF3FFC7FA0359595CA1FEF1" box="[1471,1728,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Rat-épineux de I'Orénoque</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7F96F59595D4AFEF1" bold="true" box="[1747,1835,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFF3FFC7F88F5959522EFEF1" box="[1843,2127,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Orinoco-Borstenschwanzratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7F7DD595952DBFEF1" bold="true" box="[2145,2234,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFF3FFC7F77F5959506FFEF1" box="[2243,2574,336,357]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Rata de cola de cepillo del Orinoco</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7F86C599852C6FE4E" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7F86C599852C6FE4E" blockId="30.[2000,2594,401,829]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7F86C5998520DFE26" bold="true" box="[2000,2156,401,434]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7F728599852C2FE4E" authority="Thomas, 1899" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1899" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Loncheres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bistriatus" subSpecies="orinoci">Loncheres bistriatus orinoci Thomas, 1899</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7F70059B05343FD96" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7F70059B05343FD96" blockId="30.[2000,2594,401,829]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<materialsCitation id="3B041B3AFFF3FFC7F70059B05343FD96" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3866001304" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">“Maipure, upper Orinoco,” Vichada, Colombia.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7F86D5A015278FD34" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7F86D5A015278FD34" blockId="30.[2000,2594,401,829]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7F86D5A015250FDBD" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1845" box="[2001,2097,520,553]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Isothrix</taxonomicName>
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orinoct was long regarded as a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7F7DD5A3E5287FDC4" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1845" box="[2145,2278,567,592]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bistriata">I. bistriata</taxonomicName>
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, but L. H. Emmons in 2005 elevated it to species status. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7F86C5AAF5344FCA9" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF1341EFFFF3FFC7F86C5AAF5344FCA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623790" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623790" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623790/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" startId="30.[2000,2172,678,711]" targetBox="[1386,1978,413,823]" targetPageId="30">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7F86C5AAF5344FCA9" blockId="30.[2000,2594,401,829]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7F86C5AAF52E1FD53" bold="true" box="[2000,2176,678,711]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Amazon Basin of the upper Orinoco and Casiquiare rivers of extreme E Colombia and S Venezuela; it might occur in adjacent N Brazil.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD15B4D5330FAA9" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD15B4D5330FAA9" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD15B4D5C06FCF1" bold="true" box="[1389,1639,836,869]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 207-257 mm, tail 168-278 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Orinoco Brush-tailed Rat is smaller than but similar to the Yellow-crowned Brush-tailed Rat (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7F8395B9B526AFC27" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1845" box="[1925,2059,914,947]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bistriata">I. bistriata</taxonomicName>
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) and the Rio Negro Brush-tailed Rat (1.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7FA255BB35C6CFC4F" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1920" box="[1433,1549,954,987]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negrensis">negrensis</taxonomicName>
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). The Orinoco Brush-tailed Rat is distinct in having bright yellow stripe over head between eyes and ears, dulling to grizzled gray, passing on each side without sharp contrast into dark supraorbital lines, which themselves coalesce on neck immediately behind head to
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7F9965C395CABFBC5" box="[1578,1738,1072,1105]" form="broad" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" rank="form">form broad</taxonomicName>
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, black band. Prominent bright yellow stripe does not contrast significantly with black lines. Ears are dulled gray, but prominent white post-auricular patches contrast sharply with blacking nuchal part of coalesced supraorbital lines. Tail is nearly equal to head-body length (82-108%) and is similar to that of the Rio Negro Brush-tailed Rat. Skull of the Orinoco Brush-tailed Rat conforms to other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7FAD35CFC5FADFA82" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1845" box="[1391,1484,1269,1302]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Isothrix</taxonomicName>
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, but rostrum is shorter and nasal bones are proportionally longer compared with the Rio Negro Brush-tailed Rat and the Yellow-crowned Brush-tailed Rat.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD25D4D5FBDFA48" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD25D4D5FBDFA48" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD25D4D5FBCFAF1" bold="true" box="[1390,1501,1348,1381]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Habitat.</emphasis>
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.owland evergreen forest, mostly in trees and rarely on the ground. Most collecting localities of Orinoco Brush-tailed Rats are near rivers and streams. Elevational range is primarily 100-260 m but also upward to top of Cerro Duido in Venezuela at 1600 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD35DE85352F996" box="[1391,2355,1505,1538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD35DE85352F996" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" box="[1391,2355,1505,1538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD35DE85C15F996" bold="true" box="[1391,1652,1505,1538]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD35E0052D5F9BE" box="[1391,2228,1545,1578]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD35E0052D5F9BE" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" box="[1391,2228,1545,1578]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD35E005F94F9BE" bold="true" box="[1391,1525,1545,1578]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Breeding.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD15E395376F9C5" box="[1389,2327,1584,1617]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="activity">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD15E395376F9C5" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" box="[1389,2327,1584,1617]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD15E395C39F9C5" bold="true" box="[1389,1624,1584,1617]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD35E515C22F935" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD35E515C22F935" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD35E515257F9ED" bold="true" box="[1391,2102,1624,1657]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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There is no information available for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FAD35EA352ABF882" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FAD35EA352ABF882" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FAD35EA35CB4F953" bold="true" box="[1391,1749,1706,1735]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFF3FFC7FACC5EDF5F9DF97B" authorityName="Wagner" authorityYear="1845" box="[1392,1532,1750,1775]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Isothrix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bistriata">I. bistriata</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Additional studies on distribution, habitat, abundance, ecology, and conservation threats to the Orinoco Brush-tailed Rat are needed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFF3FFC7FACC5F2C53ECF8F1" pageId="30" pageNumber="582" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD31167FFF3FFC7FACC5F2C53ECF8F1" blockId="30.[1389,2598,836,1893]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<emphasis id="B918CD75FFF3FFC7FACC5F2C5C68F8AA" bold="true" box="[1392,1545,1829,1854]" pageId="30" pageNumber="582">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Emmons (1990, 1997a, 2005), Patton & Emmons (1985), Patton et al. (2015), Pittier & Tate (1932), Thomas (1899d), Trouessart (1904), Tate (1935), Woods (1993), Woods & Kilpatrick (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |