171 lines
17 KiB
XML
171 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="ADB4B910A8EC22C9C288AF68745F0F2D">Echimyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="29856D7C119DC1F7FCB41F3DA343FA0D">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AB3E5320892357D2ADFDC9176670BB1B">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="76CD2F705D3123CA876520C8C1763299">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="8699864105FBCB1C5238E48A3825493E">2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="B366ACCEBB873C1B267A977E4191DBA2" type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="C4F0EA185C7C230E292A9A0FBDE59F95">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="01086E266C8BF5BFFBB69CF6E80131BF">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="0BAEBCD384E09D798A8539E2B16581A6">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA775C625C64FB0D" blockId="41.[1481,2388,1131,1256]" box="[1483,1541,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC4FFF0FA775C625C64FB0D" box="[1483,1541,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<figureCitation id="13570DE2FFC4FFF0FA775C625C64FB0D" box="[1483,1541,1131,1177]" captionStart="Plate 35: Echimyidae" captionStartId="8.[107,137,3323,3348]" captionTargetBox="[14,2758,14,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="12. Broad-headed Spiny-rat (Clyomys laticeps), 13. Guiara (Euryzygomatomys spinosus), 14. White-spined Spiny-rat (Irinomys albispinus), 15. Elias’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys eliasi), 16. Rigid-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys paratus), 17. Yonenaga’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys yonenagae), 18. Elegant-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys setosus), 19. Moojen’s Spiny-rat (Trinomys moojeni), 20. Pau Brasil Spiny-rat (Trinomys mirapitanga), 21. Rio de Janeiro Spiny-rat (Trinomys dimidiatus), 22. Sao Paulo Spiny-rat (Trinomys thering), 23. Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat (Trinomys gratiosus), 24. Sao Lourenco Punare (Thrichomys laurentius), 25. Jacobina Punare (Thrichomys inermis), 26. Lagoa Santa Punare (Thrichomys apereoides), 27. Pantanal Punare (Thrichomys pachyurus), 28. Foster’s Punare (Thrichomys fosteri), 29. Painted Tree-rat (Callistomys pictus), 30. Coypu (Myocastor coypus), 31. Armored Rat (Hoplomys gymnurus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623784" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623784/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">81.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F9AA5C625D4CFB0D" box="[1558,1837,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F9AA5C625D4CFB0D" blockId="41.[1481,2388,1131,1256]" box="[1558,1837,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC4FFF0F9AA5C625D4CFB0D" box="[1558,1837,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC4FFF0F9AA5C625D4CFB0D" box="[1558,1837,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Dark Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F8CC5C6252CBFB0D" box="[1904,2218,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F8CC5C6252CBFB0D" blockId="41.[1481,2388,1131,1256]" box="[1904,2218,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC4FFF0F8CC5C6252CBFB0D" box="[1904,2218,1131,1177]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC4FFF0F8CC5C6252CBFB0D" ID-CoL="38FMZ" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1928" box="[1904,2218,1131,1177]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Echimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturnus">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0F8CC5C6252CBFB0D" box="[1904,2218,1131,1177]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Echimys saturnus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA775CA25DE4FB73" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA775CA25332FB54" blockId="41.[1481,2388,1131,1256]" box="[1483,2387,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC4FFF0FA775CA25332FB54" box="[1483,2387,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA775CA25C77FB54" bold="true" box="[1483,1558,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC4FFF0F99C5CA25CA3FB54" box="[1568,1730,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Rat-épineux noir</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0F96A5CA25D50FB54" bold="true" box="[1750,1841,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC4FFF0F8875CA25D9DFB54" box="[1851,2044,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Dunkle Stachelratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0F7AE5CA2520CFB54" bold="true" box="[2066,2157,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC4FFF0F7CB5CA25332FB54" box="[2167,2387,1195,1216]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Rata arboricola oscura</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA765CDB5DE4FB73" blockId="41.[1481,2388,1131,1256]" box="[1482,1925,1234,1255]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<heading id="D09BA60BFFC4FFF0FA765CDB5DE4FB73" box="[1482,1925,1234,1255]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA765CDB5CA0FB73" bold="true" box="[1482,1729,1234,1255]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="056F6149FFC4FFF0F9775CDB5DE4FB73" box="[1739,1925,1234,1255]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Dark Spiny Tree-rat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F7925D135219FACA" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F7925D135219FACA" blockId="41.[2089,2686,1306,1729]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0F7925D1352A8FAA3" bold="true" box="[2094,2249,1306,1335]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC4FFF0F7505D135212FACA" ID-CoL="38FMZ" authority="Thomas, 1928" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1928" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Echimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saturnus">Echimys saturnus Thomas, 1928</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F7395D485354FA11" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F7395D485354FA11" blockId="41.[2089,2686,1306,1729]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<materialsCitation id="3B041B3AFFC4FFF0F7395D485354FA11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3804303323" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">“Rio Napo, Oriente of Ecuador. Alt. 3300" [= 1005 m].”</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F7925D8553F9FA39" box="[2094,2456,1420,1453]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F7925D8553F9FA39" blockId="41.[2089,2686,1306,1729]" box="[2094,2456,1420,1453]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">This species is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F7925DBA52B7F9B7" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF1341EFFFC4FFF0F7925DBA52B7F9B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6623862" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6623862" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6623862/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" startId="41.[2094,2266,1459,1492]" targetBox="[1480,2071,1308,1722]" targetPageId="41">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F7925DBA52B7F9B7" blockId="41.[2089,2686,1306,1729]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0F7925DBA52BFFA40" bold="true" box="[2094,2270,1459,1492]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Distribution.</emphasis>
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E Andean foothills and adjacent Amazonian lowlands in E Ecuador and N Peru.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0F7925E23533AF840" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0F7925E23533AF840" blockId="41.[2089,2686,1306,1729]" lastBlockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0F7925E235327F9DF" bold="true" box="[2094,2374,1578,1611]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 272-335 mm, tail 295-383 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Dark Tree-rat is medium-sized, with glossy dorsal fur of brown tones that contains abundant bristles, with flat spines on mid-back but not over rump. Head and mid-back have typical glossy black color. Under parts are white, white-spotted, or whitish with buff tinge; chin is dark. Tail is ¢.140% of headbody length and densely haired from base to tip. Tail is longitudinally bicolored, with its base glossy black and distal white part of varying length. Ears are short and covered by hairs of head. Hindfeet are brown above, with strong claws on each digit. Some melanistic specimens have been reported in museum collections.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA745FD3537FF7DE" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA745FD3537FF7DE" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA745FD35C56F86F" bold="true" box="[1480,1591,2010,2043]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Pre-montane and lowland rainforest at elevations of 230-1005 m. Dark Treerats have been camera-trapped on the ground along stream edges, both partially in water or moving either toward or away from a water channel.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA7450595D0BF754" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA7450595D0BF754" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA7450595CB1F7E5" bold="true" box="[1480,1744,2128,2161]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but the Dark Tree-rat is likely folivorous—frugivorous and might also include insects in its diet, as do other species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC4FFF0F94250AA5D07F754" authorityName="G. Cuvier" authorityYear="1809" box="[1790,1894,2211,2240]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Echimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Echimys</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA7450CE53EBF77C" box="[1480,2442,2247,2280]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA7450CE53EBF77C" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" box="[1480,2442,2247,2280]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA7450CE5C2FF77C" bold="true" box="[1480,1614,2247,2280]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Female Dark Tree-rats have been found with two embryos.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA7A50E75227F6A2" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="activity">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA7A50E75227F6A2" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA7A50E75CD5F69B" bold="true" box="[1478,1716,2286,2319]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but the Dark Tree-rat appears to be strictly nocturnal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA745134521EF5B6" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA745134521EF5B6" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA745134521DF6CA" bold="true" box="[1480,2172,2365,2398]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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Dark Tree-rats were camera-trapped nine times during 297 nights at one locality in Ecuador. Pictures showed eightsolitary individuals and a group ofthree individuals. Potential solitary habits are similar to that of the White-faced Tree-rat (
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<taxonomicName id="4C6C6AE4FFC4FFF0F8E051BA5265F640" authorityName="Zimmermann" authorityYear="1780" box="[1884,2052,2483,2516]" class="Mammalia" family="Echimyidae" genus="Echimys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysurus">E. chrysurus</taxonomicName>
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). The group of three individuals might have been a female with two young moving together, apparently in a straight line by following the white-tippedtail of the leading individual.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA7452205C9EF50D" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="conservation">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA7452205C9EF50D" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA7452205D45F5DE" bold="true" box="[1480,1828,2601,2634]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Additional ecological studies of the rare Dark Tree-rat, an Andean endemic, are needed to assess its conservation status.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37642ECFFC4FFF0FA7452A15C71F484" pageId="41" pageNumber="593" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph id="8BD31167FFC4FFF0FA7452A15C71F484" blockId="41.[1478,2685,1735,2832]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">
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<emphasis id="B918CD75FFC4FFF0FA7452A15C01F555" bold="true" box="[1480,1632,2728,2753]" pageId="41" pageNumber="593">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Blake et al. (2010), Eisenberg & Redford (1999), Emmons (1990, 1997a, 2005), Emmons & Stark (1979), lack-Ximenes et al. (2005), Patton et al. (2015), Thomas (1928a), Woods (1993), Woods & Kilpatrick (2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |