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<mods:title id="40EF2A0DAD5CFA3C1245C3DF588F957D">The Crotonia fauna of New Zealand revisited (Acari: Oribatida): taxonomy, phylogeny, ecological distribution and biogeography</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B6CBA39B79BD2A82EC31D618E2A988F9">Colloff, Matthew J.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C3724DB3FFA1FFB00397FE37FEFFFE57" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FE37FDFDFE34" blockId="7.[151,587,410,470]" box="[151,587,410,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="D09FA954FFA1FFB00397FE37FDFDFE34" bold="true" box="[151,587,410,437]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FE37FDFDFE34" ID-CoL="ZRHY" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,587,410,437]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FE37FDFDFE34" bold="true" box="[151,587,410,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FE37FE34FE35" bold="true" box="[151,386,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00291FE36FDF5FE34" author="Michael" box="[401,579,411,437]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FE10FEFFFE57" blockId="7.[151,587,410,470]" box="[151,329,445,470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
(
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB0039FFE10FF5BFE57" box="[159,237,445,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,913,935]" captionTargetBox="[197,1387,209,886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[186,1396,193,899]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral views of caudal clusters: a) Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. paratype female; b) C. unguifera, female. Scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
b, 3, 7b)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3724DB3FFA1FFB00397FDADFCF7FCB5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FDADFCBEFD97" blockId="7.[151,949,512,687]" box="[151,776,512,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FDADFE5AFD97" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,492,512,534]" class="Arachnida" family="Nothridae" genus="Nothrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FDADFEE4FD97" box="[151,338,512,534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Nothrus unguifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00257FDADFE5AFD97" author="Michael" box="[343,492,512,534]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael, 1908</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 144, Pl. 19, 
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB0018AFDADFD6CFD97" box="[650,730,512,534]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1957,1979]" captionTargetBox="[374,1227,1308,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@21.[340,1247,1296,1936]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 11. Relationship between annual water deficit and vapour pressure deficit for all locality records of New Zealand Crotonia in relation to the main types of vegetation community." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288334/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
–15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FDB3FD5AFDF3" blockId="7.[151,949,512,687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FDB3FD9CFDB5" authority="Ramsay, 1958" authorityName="Ramsay" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,554,542,564]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Acronothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zealandicus">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FDB3FE24FDB5" box="[151,402,542,564]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Acronothrus zealandicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00299FDB2FD9CFDB5" author="Ramsay" box="[409,554,542,564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Ramsay, G. W. (1958) The Oribatei of The Brothers, Cook Strait, New Zealand. Unpublished PhD thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, 383 pp." type="book" year="1958">Ramsay, 1958</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, p. 76, Pl. 5, 
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB001AFFDB3FCACFDB5" box="[687,794,542,564]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 9" captionStart-8="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1404,1426]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,913,935]" captionStartId-2="8.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionStartId-3="10.[151,250,1291,1313]" captionStartId-4="12.[151,250,1461,1483]" captionStartId-5="14.[151,250,1461,1483]" captionStartId-6="15.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionStartId-7="18.[151,250,1933,1955]" captionStartId-8="20.[151,250,1962,1984]" captionTargetBox-0="[245,1360,209,1375]" captionTargetBox-1="[197,1387,209,886]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1425,196,1393]" captionTargetBox-3="[239,1359,199,1265]" captionTargetBox-4="[213,1363,204,1431]" captionTargetBox-5="[199,1407,208,1436]" captionTargetBox-6="[163,1417,946,1732]" captionTargetBox-7="[199,1393,798,1919]" captionTargetBox-8="[162,1424,1202,1936]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[221,1369,194,1388]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[186,1396,193,899]" captionTargetId-2="figure@8.[172,1430,183,1405]" captionTargetId-3="figure@10.[230,1362,196,1267]" captionTargetId-4="figure@12.[205,1379,193,1435]" captionTargetId-5="figure@14.[192,1416,203,1443]" captionTargetId-6="figure@15.[151,1435,932,1737]" captionTargetId-7="figure@18.[191,1399,789,1924]" captionTargetId-8="figure@20.[159,1430,1197,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionTargetPageId-3="10" captionTargetPageId-4="12" captionTargetPageId-5="14" captionTargetPageId-6="15" captionTargetPageId-7="18" captionTargetPageId-8="20" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. holotype female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Lateral views of caudal clusters: a) Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. paratype female; b) C. unguifera, female. Scale bar = 50 µm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Crotonia caudalis (Hammer, 1966), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Crotonia brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Crotonia cophinaria (Michael, 1908), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Details of bothridia of a) Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov.; b) Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908); c) Crotonia caudalis (Hammer, 1966); d) Crotonia brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966); e) Crotonia cophinaria (Michael, 1908). Scale bars = 20 µm." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Distribution of Crotonia spp. in New Zealand, based on records in Appendix 1. Crotonia obtecta and C. ramsayi sp. nov. are represented by single records and not mapped, nor is C. brevicornuta, recorded only from Campbell Island. Dashed line = Alpine Fault." captionText-8="FIGURE 10. Environmental envelopes of all records of New Zealand Crotonia (a – c) and its major species groups (d – f). Note range of values on axes differs between (a – c) and (d – f)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/288325/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/288326/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/288327/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/288328/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/288329/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/288330/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/288331/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/288332/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/288333/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 1–10</figureCitation>
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00020FD8DFC19FDB5" box="[800,943,542,565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">nomen nudum</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FD93FDB6FDD2" ID-CoL="ZRHY" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,512,573,595]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FD93FEECFDD2" box="[151,346,573,595]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00267FD90FE4FFDD2" author="Michael" box="[359,505,573,595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB0011EFD90FD79FDD2" author="Wallwork" box="[542,719,573,595]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Wallwork, J. A. (1977 b) On the genus Crotonia Thorell 1876 (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 513 - 539." type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="b">Wallwork 1977b</bibRefCitation>
, p. 520, Figs. 8–9. 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FDF0FDB7FDF3" ID-CoL="ZRHY" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,513,604,626]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FDF0FEECFDF3" box="[151,346,604,626]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00267FDF1FE4CFDF3" author="Michael" box="[359,506,604,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00120FDF1FD1EFDF3" author="Luxton" box="[544,680,604,626]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Luxton, M. (1985) Cryptostigmata (Arachnida: Acari) - a concise review. Fauna of New Zealand, 7, 1 - 106." type="journal article" year="1985">Luxton 1985</bibRefCitation>
, p. 30.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FDD6FCA9FD10" blockId="7.[151,949,512,687]" box="[151,799,635,657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FDD6FDB7FD10" ID-CoL="ZRHY" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,513,635,657]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FDD6FEECFD10" box="[151,346,635,657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00267FDD6FE4CFD10" author="Michael" box="[359,506,635,657]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:—Łochyńska 2008, p. 825.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FD37FD4EFD2E" blockId="7.[151,949,512,687]" box="[151,760,665,687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFA1FFB00397FD37FDB7FD2E" ID-CoL="ZRHY" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[151,513,665,687]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FD37FEECFD2E" box="[151,346,665,687]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB00267FD34FE4CFD2E" author="Michael" box="[359,506,665,687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael, 1908</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:— 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFA1FFB0011FFD34FD03FD2E" author="Colloff" box="[543,693,665,687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refString="Colloff, M. J. (2010 b) The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism. Zootaxa, 2649, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="2010" yearSuffix="b">Colloff 2010b</bibRefCitation>
, p. 14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB00397FD74FCF7FCB5" blockId="7.[151,1437,729,2021]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00397FD74FE94FD73" bold="true" box="[151,290,729,754]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dimensions</emphasis>
. Females: mean length (
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0013CFD77FDFCFD70" box="[572,586,730,753]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
= 6) 1697 Μm (range 
<date id="FFD638F8FFA1FFB0004BFD74FC7FFD73" box="[843,969,729,754]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1600" valueMax="1817">1600–1817</date>
Μm); mean breadth 913 Μm (range 820– 1024 Μm). Males: mean length (
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00107FD51FDA3FC92" box="[519,533,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">n</emphasis>
= 13) 1371 Μm (range 
<date id="FFD638F8FFA1FFB00022FD57FC16FC92" box="[802,928,762,787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1285" valueMax="1496">1285–1496</date>
Μm); mean breadth 736 Μm (range 653–805 Μm). Mean ratio of length of prodorsum to total length: 0.29.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3724DB3FFA1FFB003C7FC90FC98F864" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB003C7FC90FE4FFBE1" blockId="7.[151,1437,729,2021]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB003C7FC90FEA8FCD7" bold="true" box="[199,286,829,854]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Female</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0022DFC90FE1CFCD7" box="[301,426,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Prodorsum</emphasis>
: rostrum prominent; rostral setae (
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00039FC93FCE6FCD4" box="[825,848,830,853]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ro</emphasis>
) 53 Μm long, straight, spiniform, smooth (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB0063BFC90FAC9FCD7" box="[1339,1407,829,854]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox="[178,1425,196,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1430,183,1405]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288327/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a). Lamellar seta (
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0023EFCF3FEE4FCF6" box="[318,338,862,887]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">le</emphasis>
) 219 Μm, recurved, sparingly barbed. Lamellar apophysis 120 Μm long, straight, tubular, more-orless parallel, almost as long as mutual distance; extending anteriorly as far as apices of rostral setae. Interlamellar apophysis twice as long as broad; interlamellar setae (
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0001BFC0FFC87FC38" box="[795,817,930,953]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">in</emphasis>
) 418 Μm long, slender, sparingly barbed or smooth, flagelliform, extending anteriorly beyond apex of curve of lamellar setae. Prodorsal ridges not apparent. Diameter of bothridium 55 Μm; anteriolateral auriculate ridge broadly convex, irregular, with a median fovea and crenellated ridges (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB003ECFBA8FE86FB9F" box="[236,304,1029,1054]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1759,1781]" captionTargetBox="[163,1417,946,1732]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1435,932,1737]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Details of bothridia of a) Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov.; b) Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908); c) Crotonia caudalis (Hammer, 1966); d) Crotonia brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966); e) Crotonia cophinaria (Michael, 1908). Scale bars = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288331/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
b); hexagonal reticulations of operculum sparingly ornamented with well-developed ridges and with point of origin near lateral margin. Inter-bothridial ridge and median field of muscle sigilla not apparent. Prodorsal microsculpture smooth, porose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB003C7FBC7FC55F955" blockId="7.[151,1437,729,2021]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB003C7FBC7FEF5FB00" box="[199,323,1130,1153]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Notogaster</emphasis>
: ratio of length to breadth 1.35; broadest at level of bases of setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0074EFBC7FBECFB00" box="[1102,1114,1130,1153]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">e</emphasis>
2 (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB00774FBC4FB0FFB03" box="[1140,1209,1129,1154]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox="[178,1425,196,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1430,183,1405]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288327/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a). With 13 pairs of notogastral setae; lateral ones smooth, caudal ones barbed. Dorsosejugal suture simple, slightly convex, complete. Pre-notogastral shield broader than notogastral shield, with rounded lateral margins; waisted at junction with notogastral shield marked by transverse hyaline strip bearing apically-flagelliform seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00771FB7CFBCBFB69" box="[1137,1149,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">c</emphasis>
1 (113 Μm long) on welldeveloped tubercles. Apophyses of setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0017EFB58FD3CFA8D" box="[638,650,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">c</emphasis>
3 prominent, 40 Μm long, at least twice as long as broad; setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00688FB58FA22FA8D" box="[1416,1428,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">c</emphasis>
3 flagelliform, 485 Μm long, recurved. Hysterosoma bulbous, inflated, lozenge-shaped. Notogastral shield elongated with margins more-or-less parallel, with minute foveolae medially; bordered laterally by narrow strip of small tubercles extending posteriorly as far as lyrifissure 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB001D8FAF1FD58FAF2" box="[728,750,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ip</emphasis>
. Lateral hyaline strip (suprapleural scissure) narrow, bearing squat tubercles of setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB002A0FAD3FE0CFA14" box="[416,442,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">cp</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB002C8FAD3FE62FA14" box="[456,468,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">e</emphasis>
2 and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00111FAD0FDAFFA14" box="[529,537,1405,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">f</emphasis>
2, extending posteriorly beyond lyrifissure 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB000F4FAD0FBBCFA15" box="[1012,1034,1405,1428]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ip</emphasis>
. With narrow, porose strip lateral of hyaline strip bearing lyrifissure 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00103FA0FFDA9FA38" box="[515,543,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">im</emphasis>
, extending from posterior of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB000A5FA0FFC09FA38" box="[933,959,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">cp</emphasis>
to lyrifissure 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00761FA0FFBC1FA38" box="[1121,1143,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ip</emphasis>
; lateral notogastral plates porose. Setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00234FA6EFEF6FA5B" box="[308,320,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">e</emphasis>
2 and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0027FFA6FFE31FA5B" box="[383,391,1474,1498]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">f</emphasis>
2 short, curved, sub-equal in length (53–60 Μm); seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB000DCFA6EFC41FA5B" box="[988,1015,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">cp</emphasis>
much longer (120 Μm). Setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0064DFA6FFAEDFA5A" box="[1357,1371,1474,1499]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">d</emphasis>
2 very short (33 Μm), curved, setiform; bases 106 Μm apart. Opisthonotal gland opening 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00730FA4BFBE2FA7E" box="[1072,1108,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">gla</emphasis>
positioned just anterior of 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00685FA4BFA3BFA7F" box="[1413,1421,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">f</emphasis>
2. Caudal apophyseal cluster bilateral, not on medial stalk (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB0001AF9A7FCE9F9A2" box="[794,863,1546,1571]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,913,935]" captionTargetBox="[197,1387,209,886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[186,1396,193,899]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral views of caudal clusters: a) Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. paratype female; b) C. unguifera, female. Scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b); apophysis of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0074FF9A7FBEBF9A2" box="[1103,1117,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
2 slightly longer than others, parallel, directed posteriorly, slightly waisted; caudal margin between them convex. Apophysis of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00643F983FAFDF9C7" box="[1347,1355,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">f</emphasis>
1 short, directed vertically (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB00270F9FFFE05F9EA" box="[368,435,1618,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,913,935]" captionTargetBox="[197,1387,209,886]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[186,1396,193,899]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Lateral views of caudal clusters: a) Crotonia ramsayi sp. nov. paratype female; b) C. unguifera, female. Scale bar = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b); base of apophysis of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB001F3F9FFFCB7F9EA" box="[755,769,1618,1643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
1 fused with lateral surface of apophysis of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00612F9FEFAACF9EA" box="[1298,1306,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">f</emphasis>
1, sub-equal in length, slightly bulbous basally, directed posteriolaterally, emerging from caudal margin dorsal and lateral of apophyses of setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB0026FF93AFECBF931" box="[367,381,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
2. Apophyses of setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00173F93AFD37F931" box="[627,641,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
3 slightly shorter than others, positioned ventral and lateral of them. All caudal setae barbed; 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00281F911FE3FF955" box="[385,393,1724,1748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">f</emphasis>
1 83 Μm long, setiform; 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00192F911FD16F954" box="[658,672,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
1 83 Μm, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00004F911FCA4F954" box="[772,786,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
2 50 Μm, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00077F911FC33F954" box="[887,901,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">h</emphasis>
3 66 Μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFA1FFB003C7F94CFC98F864" blockId="7.[151,1437,729,2021]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB003C7F94CFEBAF979" box="[199,268,1761,1784]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Venter</emphasis>
: epimeres porose (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB002E7F94DFD9DF978" box="[487,555,1760,1785]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox="[178,1425,196,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1430,183,1405]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288327/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b); epimeral setae smooth, thick, spiniform, 33–46 Μm long; formula 3-1-3-3; seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB003CCF8AFFF5EF89B" box="[204,232,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3a</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB00224F8ACFEF6F89B" box="[292,320,1793,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4b</emphasis>
sub-equal in length, slightly longer than others (60 Μm); 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB000DEF8AFFC4EF89B" box="[990,1016,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3c</emphasis>
on well-developed tubercle. Genital plates sub-circular, posterior margin straight posteriolateral margin straight, angled obtusely to posterior margin; each plate 305 Μm long, 153 Μm broad, with eight thick, setiform setae, 43–54 Μm long; two pairs of aggenital setae, shorter than genital setae. Anal plate 412 Μm long, 63 Μm broad, with three thick, setiform setae on central and posterior part of plate; three pairs of thick, setiform adanal setae. Ventral margin of notogaster surrounding anal plates U-shaped. Setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB002ABF804FE0FF841" box="[427,441,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">p</emphasis>
2-3 smooth, curved, setiform, 47 Μm long, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFA1FFB000A6F804FC02F841" box="[934,948,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">p</emphasis>
1 barbed, 66 Μm long, on short tubercles, separated by distance 6 × width of their tubercles (
<figureCitation id="135302BDFFA1FFB001CDF861FCB9F864" box="[717,783,1996,2021]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1442,1464]" captionTargetBox="[178,1425,196,1393]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[172,1430,183,1405]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Crotonia unguifera (Michael, 1908), female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288327/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF174EB0FFAEFFBF0397FA0FFB33FA39" box="[151,1157,1442,1464]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/288327/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[178,1425,196,1393]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFAEFFBF0397FA0FFB33FA39" blockId="8.[151,1157,1442,1464]" box="[151,1157,1442,1464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF0397FA0FFEA4FA36" bold="true" box="[151,274,1442,1464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAEFFBF0219FA0EFD31FA39" authority="Michael, 1908" authorityName="Michael" authorityYear="1908" box="[281,647,1442,1464]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF0219FA0EFE6BFA39" box="[281,477,1442,1464]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
(Michael, 1908)
</taxonomicName>
, female; a) dorsal; b) ventral. Scale bar = 200 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3724DB3FFAEFFBF03C7F9AEFB4CF923" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFAEFFBF03C7F9AEFB4CF923" blockId="8.[151,1436,1539,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF03C7F9AEFD29F99D" bold="true" box="[199,671,1539,1564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Material Examined and Locality Data.</emphasis>
four females, 
<specimenCount id="9D6ED5B1FFAEFFBF0049F9A9FC05F99D" box="[841,947,1539,1564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">13 males</specimenCount>
, salt meadow, North Brother Island, Cook Strait, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF03E4F988FE86F9BC" box="[228,304,1573,1597]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-41.116665">41°7'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF023EF988FE04F9BC" box="[318,434,1573,1597]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="174.45">174°27' E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D6ED5B1FFAEFFBF02C0F988FDB3F9BC" box="[448,517,1573,1597]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C90B3DDFFAEFFBF02C0F988FDB7F9BC" box="[448,513,1573,1597]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
, coll. G.W. Ramsay, 
<date id="FFD638F8FFAEFFBF01F9F989FC22F9BC" box="[761,916,1572,1597]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1956-05-12" valueMax="1956-05-19" valueMin="1956-05-12">12–19.v.1956</date>
. Three females, three males, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF07E9F989FADAF9BC" box="[1257,1388,1572,1597]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Chionchloa</emphasis>
sp., beating [foliage], Dun Mountain Track, Nelson, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF01B5F9EAFCBBF9DE" box="[693,781,1607,1631]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-41.316666">41°19'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF0014F9EAFCCBF9DE" box="[788,893,1607,1631]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="173.4">173°24'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D6ED5B1FFAEFFBF0089F9EBFC6FF9DF" box="[905,985,1606,1631]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C90B3DDFFAEFFBF0089F9EBFC63F9DF" box="[905,981,1606,1631]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="610.0">610 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
, coll. G.W. Ramsay, 
<date id="FFD638F8FFAEFFBF07C1F9EBFA99F9DE" box="[1217,1327,1606,1631]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1972-03-07">7.iii.1972</date>
. Soil site, Wharekaka [Martinborough], Wairarapa, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF0173F9C5FD7DF901" box="[627,715,1640,1664]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-41.216667">41°13'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF01D6F9CAFC89F901" box="[726,831,1639,1664]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="175.46666">175°28'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D6ED5B1FFAEFFBF004FF9C5FC23F9FE" box="[847,917,1640,1664]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C90B3DDFFAEFFBF004FF9C5FC27F9FE" box="[847,913,1640,1664]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
, coll. M. Luxton, 
<date id="FFD638F8FFAEFFBF076EF9CAFB51F901" box="[1134,1255,1639,1664]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1965-04-22">22.iv.1965</date>
. Twelve adults, beating, Kelceys [Kelsey’s] Bush, Waimate, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF018BF924FD55F923" box="[651,739,1673,1698]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="-44.75">44°45'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C78FFFFAEFFBF01EAF924FCF3F920" box="[746,837,1673,1697]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" precision="925" value="171.0">171°0'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D6ED5B1FFAEFFBF0051F924FC17F920" box="[849,929,1673,1698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">
<quantity id="4C90B3DDFFAEFFBF0051F924FC2BF920" box="[849,925,1673,1698]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="175.0">175 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
, coll. G.W. Ramsay, 
<date id="FFD638F8FFAEFFBF0789F924FB40F923" box="[1161,1270,1673,1698]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1966-01-20">20.i.1966</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3724DB3FFAEFFBF03C7F907FBA8F813" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFAEFFBF03C7F907FBA8F813" blockId="8.[151,1436,1539,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF03C7F907FE8DF942" bold="true" box="[199,315,1706,1731]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAEFFBF0243F906FDAAF942" box="[323,540,1707,1731]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF0243F906FDAAF942" box="[323,540,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from other members of the genus based on the following combination of characters: 1) the sparingly barbed 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF01D5F960FD57F965" box="[725,737,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">c</emphasis>
series setae; 2) setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF00D5F960FC46F965" box="[981,1008,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">cp</emphasis>
are twice the length of setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF0639F960FAF3F965" box="[1337,1349,1741,1764]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">e</emphasis>
2 and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF0684F961FA3AF965" box="[1412,1420,1740,1764]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">f</emphasis>
2; 3) the lateral margins of the notogastral plate have a line of tubercles; 4) the suprapleural scissure extending posteriorly to a point between lyrifissure 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF018EF8BFFD12F8A8" box="[654,676,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">ip</emphasis>
and caudal apophyses; 5) the barbed caudal setae on bilateral apophyses arising from hysterosoma, not on a caudal stalk; 6) the caudal apophyses of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF07B0F89FFB08F8CA" box="[1200,1214,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">h</emphasis>
1 emerging laterally from dorsally-directed apophysis of seta 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF017CF8FAFD32F8EE" box="[636,644,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">f</emphasis>
1; 7) setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF0008F8FAFCA0F8EF" box="[776,790,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">p</emphasis>
2–3 are smooth, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF00CEF8FAFC6AF8EF" box="[974,988,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">p</emphasis>
1 is barbed; 8) the aggenital region is tuberculate; 9) epimeral setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF02E8F8D6FDB2F812" box="[488,516,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3a</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF013BF8D7FDE1F812" box="[571,599,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4b</emphasis>
are longer than the other epimeral setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3724DB3FFAEFFBE03C7F830FE71FCAC" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFAEFFBE03C7F830FCA0FE5E" blockId="8.[151,1436,1539,2006]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,151,813]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAEFFBF03C7F830FE13F835" ID-CoL="ZRHY" box="[199,421,1948,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF03C7F830FE13F835" box="[199,421,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAEFFBF01ECF830FCDBF835" ID-CoL="ZRHN" box="[748,877,1949,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramsayi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF01ECF830FCDBF835" box="[748,877,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. ramsayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F7F51FFAEFFBF007AF830FC60F835" box="[890,982,1949,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(cf. Remarks for that species above). 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAEFFBF0397F810FEDEF857" author="Wallwork" box="[151,360,1981,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Wallwork, J. A. (1977 b) On the genus Crotonia Thorell 1876 (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 513 - 539." type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="b">Wallwork (1977b)</bibRefCitation>
designated a 
<typeStatus id="54D3A09AFFAEFFBF010DF810FDC5F857" box="[525,627,1981,2006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAEFFBF01A1F813FCCBF857" ID-CoL="ZRHY" box="[673,893,1982,2006]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAEFFBF01A1F813FCCBF857" box="[673,893,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and redescribed the species. Michael’s (1908) description contains no figures. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE0108FF3AFD6EFF31" author="Wallwork" box="[520,728,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Wallwork, J. A. (1977 b) On the genus Crotonia Thorell 1876 (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 513 - 539." type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="b">Wallwork (1977b)</bibRefCitation>
commented on the limitations of his redescription due to the poor optical properties of Michael’s preparations: “The use of Balsam mountant prevents the clear definition of many of the body setae which are pale in colour, in any case. The raised cover slip does not permit the use of oil immersion.” Consequently, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE02D6FF51FC9EFE95" author="Wallwork" box="[470,808,252,277]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Wallwork, J. A. (1977 b) On the genus Crotonia Thorell 1876 (Acari: Cryptostigmata). Acarologia, 19, 513 - 539." type="journal article" year="1977" yearSuffix="b">Wallwork (1977b; his Fig. 8)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated the prodorsal setae much shorter than they really are, and setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE0280FEB0FE22FEB7" box="[384,404,285,310]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">le</emphasis>
as smooth rather than barbed. The 
<typeStatus id="54D3A09AFFAFFFBE0025FEB0FC3DFEB7" box="[805,907,285,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
has lost both setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE076BFEB3FB30FEB4" box="[1131,1158,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">cp</emphasis>
and most setae from the caudal apophyses and the right notogastral margin. The gender of the 
<typeStatus id="54D3A09AFFAFFFBE00BEFE93FB93FED6" box="[958,1061,318,343]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
was not specified, but its length (1391 Μm) falls within the range of the male specimens in the present study. Despite Wallwork’s caution, Łochyńska (2008) used the artefactually short setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE01F7FE2CFCBDFE1B" box="[759,779,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">le</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE0048FE2FFCE8FE18" box="[840,862,386,409]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">in</emphasis>
to differentiate 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE071CFE2FFB1BFE18" ID-CoL="ZRHY" box="[1052,1197,385,409]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE071CFE2FFB1BFE18" box="[1052,1197,385,409]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE07F8FE2FFEEBFE3A" ID-CoL="ZRH6" authority="Lochynska, 2008" authorityName="Lochynska" authorityYear="2008" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetosa">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE07F8FE2FFA2DFE1B" box="[1272,1435,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. longisetosa</emphasis>
Łochyńska, 2008
</taxonomicName>
. However, setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE011DFE0FFD9DFE3A" box="[541,555,418,443]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">d</emphasis>
2, 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE0143FE09FDF9FE3A" box="[579,591,420,443]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">e</emphasis>
2 and 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE0190FE0EFD2EFE3A" box="[656,664,419,443]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">f</emphasis>
2 of the latter species appear to be longer than those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE060DFE0EFA2AFE3A" ID-CoL="ZRHY" box="[1293,1436,419,443]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE060DFE0EFA2AFE3A" box="[1293,1436,419,443]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
illustrated herein. Both species have barbed caudal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFAFFFBE03C7FE45FE08FD07" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE03C7FE45FEC2FD81" author="Michael" box="[199,372,488,513]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Michael, A. D. (1908) Unrecorded Acari from New Zealand. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 30, 134 - 149." type="journal article" year="1908">Michael (1908)</bibRefCitation>
recorded 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE02E4FE44FDC7FD81" ID-CoL="ZRHY" box="[484,625,488,512]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE02E4FE44FDC7FD81" box="[484,625,488,512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from ‘Fielding’ [Feilding] and ‘Maunga Karetu’ [Maungakaretu], based on material he received from Edwin Bostock. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE019AFDA4FC70FDA3" author="Colloff" box="[666,966,521,546]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Colloff, M. J. &amp; Cameron, S. L. (2009) Revision of the oribatid mite genus Austronothrus Hammer (Acari: Oribatida): sexual dimorphism and a re-evaluation of the phylogenetic relationships of the family Crotoniidae. Invertebrate Systematics, 23, 87 - 110. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 08032" type="journal article" year="2009">
Colloff &amp; 
<collectingCountry id="F37F5EA8FFAFFFBE000EFDA7FCC3FDA3" box="[782,885,522,546]" name="Cameroon" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cameron</collectingCountry>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
gave details of the origin and localities of Michael’s (1908) oribatid material (cf. also 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE0183FD87FCC8FDC2" author="Baker" box="[643,894,554,579]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Baker, R. A. &amp; Colloff, M. J. (2006) Albert Davidson Michael (1836 - 1927) and his wife Anne, partners in acarology and microscopy. Quekett Journal of Microscopy, 40, 229 - 242." type="journal article" year="2006">
<collectingCountry id="F37F5EA8FFAFFFBE0183FD87FD70FDC2" box="[643,710,554,579]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Baker</collectingCountry>
&amp; Colloff 2006
</bibRefCitation>
), including mention that Bostock’s samples also included four adults of 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE02A3FDE1FCF4FDE4" ID-CoL="3M9B4" authority="Hammer, 1966" authorityName="Hammer" authorityYear="1966" box="[419,834,588,613]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Holonothrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE02A3FDE1FD38FDE4" box="[419,654,588,613]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Holonothrus pulcher</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE0198FDE0FCF4FDE4" author="Hammer" box="[664,834,588,613]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Hammer, M. (1966) Investigations on the Oribatid fauna of New Zealand. Part I. Biologiske Skrifter det Kongelige Dansk Videnskabernes Selskab, 15 (2), 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1966">Hammer, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, labelled “Maunga Karetu [Whangaehu Valley], 
<collectingCountry id="F37F5EA8FFAFFFBE0670FDE0FA2FFDE5" box="[1392,1433,589,612]" name="New Zealand" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">NZ</collectingCountry>
. J.W.B. Collection 
<date id="FFD638F8FFAFFFBE0264FDC3FE06FD07" box="[356,432,622,646]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="92-02-04">4.2.92</date>
”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD71E38FFAFFFBE03C7FD3DFE71FCAC" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE03C7FD3DFEC3FD26" author="Ramsay" box="[199,373,654,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ramsay, G. W. (1958) The Oribatei of The Brothers, Cook Strait, New Zealand. Unpublished PhD thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, 383 pp." type="book" year="1958">Ramsay (1958)</bibRefCitation>
included a manuscript description of “ 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE0037FD23FBF9FD26" box="[823,1103,654,679]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Acronothrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zealandicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE0037FD23FBF9FD26" box="[823,1103,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Acronothrus zealandicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F7F51FFAFFFBE0758FD3DFB05FD26" box="[1112,1203,655,679]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
” from The Brothers island group, Cook Strait (cf. also 
<bibRefCitation id="EFF963C9FFAFFFBE0117FD1CFD02FD48" author="Ramsay" box="[535,692,688,713]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ramsay, G. W. (1962) New Zealand Oribatei-Abstract. New Zealand Entomologist, 3, 24 - 25." type="journal article" year="1962">Ramsay 1962</bibRefCitation>
), but the species was never published and the name is unavailable. An examination of Ramsay’s description indicates his species is without doubt 
<taxonomicName id="4C6865BBFFAFFFBE0715FD7FFB5BFD6B" ID-CoL="ZRHY" box="[1045,1261,722,746]" class="Arachnida" family="Crotoniidae" genus="Crotonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguifera">
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE0715FD7FFB5BFD6B" box="[1045,1261,722,746]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Crotonia unguifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The elongated setae 
<emphasis id="B91CC22AFFAFFFBE03D6FD59FF46FC8A" box="[214,240,756,779]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">cp</emphasis>
, the morphology of the caudal apophyses and the barbed caudal setae are identical to those in the present supplementary description.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>