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<document id="5C354917F1DB9D37148CA3E832DAE5C4" ID-CLB-Dataset="5247" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3878.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5247e933-3152-40d5-ae19-cce84a3dad7f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948908" ID-ZooBank="11145FA0-2CB5-460A-B7A6-9A634C778982" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623702158138" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Van Soest, Rob W. M., Meesters, Erik H. W. G. &amp; Becking, Leontine E." docDate="2014" docId="03B487DF123EA763F99C6AEEAF9FB0D8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03878p443.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3878 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Calyx magnoculata Van Soest &amp; Meesters &amp; Becking 2014, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="425" masterDocId="FF8DFFA71226A77BF90B6821AB2FB758" masterDocTitle="Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="443" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="425" updateTime="1699015317828" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="541FCAE2EB6C7369D80950DA0AFB2811" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9C36C975028DE736D9F185E76D0FBFD9">
<mods:title id="AD594B22E6C7781AE73577B723753656">Deep-water sponges (Porifera) from Bonaire and Klein Curaçao, Southern Caribbean</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="90AB62AB4AEFF0445EFA6C8665F09C14" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4693B14F54EC40A28F1080EDF2A60E9B">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FDE81E611B8EE2494A74DA44E3126102">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Department of Marine Zoology, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A41FB9950A32D5B71BC21F6B46299B7E">Meesters, Erik H. W. G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="679DD690E1434217904CE24433BC7C03">Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P. O. Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands. E-mail: erik. meesters @ wur. nl</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="01B93D859ED2D14E013828285A5759E4">Becking, Leontine E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="21375E6962F4A0865ECCFF150D600F5D">Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Department of Marine Zoology, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. &amp; Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies (IMARES), Wageningen UR, P. O. Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands. E-mail: erik. meesters @ wur. nl &amp; University of California Berkeley, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management (ESPM), 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 - 3114, USA. E-mail: lebecking @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F6F2A19A7663DFEF0D4C7076416B999A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="25A907EB031BA415D69245A6BE0C5643">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DAD1D95D0E5FB8472CA2C32776546C16">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="53AB658E05B490F3E0A3C85ABD058DF4">2014-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="863FDBE48A7B20356158B27E9F4127D0">3878</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03B487DF123EA763F99C6AEEAF9FB0D8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183823265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487DF123EA763F99C6AEEAF9FB0D8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487DF123EA763F99C6AEEAF9FB0D8" lastPageNumber="425" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F99C6AEEA936B5B2" box="[151,537,719,746]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F99C6AEEA936B5B2" blockId="24.[151,537,719,779]" box="[151,537,719,746]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<heading id="D0EA81A5123EA763F99C6AEEA936B5B2" bold="true" box="[151,537,719,746]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F99C6AEEA936B5B2" bold="true" box="[151,537,719,746]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763F99C6AEEAAAEB5B1" ID-CoL="Q88S" authority="Van Soest &amp; Meesters &amp; Becking, 2014" authorityName="Van Soest &amp; Meesters &amp; Becking" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,385,719,745]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="magnoculata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F99C6AEEAAAEB5B1" bold="true" box="[151,385,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Calyx magnoculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25A57A0123EA763F8826AF1A936B5B2" box="[393,537,720,746]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F99C6AD3AA1AB453" box="[151,309,754,779]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F99C6AD3AA1AB453" blockId="24.[151,537,719,779]" box="[151,309,754,779]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763F99C6AD3AA1AB453" box="[151,309,754,779]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-62@25.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Calyx magnoculata n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9254, a. habit shortly after collection, b. dense ectosomal skeleton, d–e. SEM images of spicules, d. larger oxea, d1. detail of apex of larger oxea, e. smaller oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948963/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Figures 16a–e</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F99C6B1AAF85B437" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F99C6B1AA8EBB408" blockId="24.[151,1194,826,879]" box="[151,964,826,848]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D11E7123EA763F99C6B1AA8EBB408" box="[151,964,826,848]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F99C6B1AAABBB408" box="[151,404,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
?
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763F9A16B1BAABBB408" ID-CoL="4BTLN" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[170,404,826,848]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Pachypellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="podatypa">Pachypellina podatypa</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
; sensu
<treatmentCitation id="0ABC10D8123EA763F8EB6B1AA983B408" author="Van Soest, R. W. M." box="[480,684,826,848]" page="91" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763F8EB6B1AA983B408" author="Van Soest, R. W. M." box="[480,684,826,848]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 173" refId="ref25856" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. (1980) Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part II. Haplosclerida. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 62 (191), 1 - 173." type="journal article" year="1980">Van Soest, 1980: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. XIV fig. 3, text-fig. 34.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F99C6B7BAF85B437" blockId="24.[151,1194,826,879]" box="[151,1194,857,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0D11E7123EA763F99C6B7BAF85B437" box="[151,1194,857,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F99C6B7BAB8BB437" box="[151,164,858,879]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">?</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0ABC10D8123EA763F9A16B78A9D7B437" author="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N." box="[170,760,857,879]" page="133" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" year="1988">
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763F9A16B78A9D7B437" ID-CoL="Q88X" authority="sensu Van Soest &amp; Stentoft, 1988: 133" authorityName="sensu Van Soest &amp; Stentoft" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1988" box="[170,760,857,879]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="podatypa">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9A16B78ABCAB437" box="[170,229,857,879]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Calyx</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F8076B78AA45B437" box="[268,362,857,879]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">podatypa</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763F8A46B7BA9D7B437" author="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N." box="[431,760,857,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">Van Soest &amp; Stentoft, 1988: 133</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, text-fig. 65 (not
<treatmentCitation id="0ABC10D8123EA763FAA36B7BAF8CB437" author="De Laubenfels, M. W." box="[936,1187,857,879]" page="23" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" year="1934">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763FAA36B7BAF8CB437" author="De Laubenfels, M. W." box="[936,1187,857,879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref22793" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 91 (17), 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1934">De Laubenfels, 1934: 23</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
)
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F99C6BBDAA3EB4A5" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F99C6BBDAA3EB4A5" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F99C6BBDAAA3B4ED" bold="true" box="[151,396,924,949]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B753C94123EA763F8946BBDAA3EB4A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3328559321" collectingDate="2013-06-01" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="L. E. Becking &amp; E. Meesters" country="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" elevation="232" latitude="112.08" location="Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire" longLatPrecision="555" longitude="-68.2938" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" specimenCode="BDR060" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763F8946BBDA924B4ED" box="[415,523,924,949]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED0CAE0C123EA763FB296BBDA959B4EB" box="[546,630,924,947]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26E8531F123EA763FB826BBDA999B4EB" box="[649,694,924,947]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Por.</collectorName>
9254,
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659123EA763FA116BBDAFB5B4ED" box="[794,1178,924,949]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Caribbean Netherlands, Bonaire</collectingCountry>
(Dive 4),
<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E123EA763FC3A6BBDAEB3B4ED" box="[1329,1436,924,949]" degrees="112.08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" precision="555" value="112.08">112.08°N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE29500E123EA763F99C6B9EAA38B480" box="[151,279,959,984]" degrees="68.2938" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" precision="5" value="-68.2938">68.2938°W</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763F8616B9EAA9AB48F" box="[362,437,959,984]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="232.0">
<elevation id="0030D1FA123EA763F8616B9EAA9AB48F" box="[362,437,959,984]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="232.0">232 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, on a limestone rockwall, coll.
<collectorName id="26E8531F123EA763FA116BE1A880B480" box="[794,943,959,984]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">L.E. Becking</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26E8531F123EA763FADD6BE1AF71B48F" box="[982,1118,960,983]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">E. Meesters</collectorName>
, field nr. BON4/
<specimenCode id="DBBB9EB2123EA763FC166B9EAEADB480" box="[1309,1410,959,984]" collectionCode="BDR" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">BDR060</specimenCode>
,
<date id="FFA31009123EA763FC856B9EAA22B4A5" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" value="2013-06-01">
<collectingDate id="EFE7E9E1123EA763FC856B9EAA22B4A5" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" value="2013-06-01">1 June 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F9CC6C26A87BB288" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6C26A827B3D5" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6C26AA77B347" box="[199,344,1031,1056]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6C26AA7EB378" bold="true" box="[199,337,1031,1056]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Description</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Massively encrusting sponge (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763FBB76C26A832B378" box="[700,797,1031,1056]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-62@25.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Calyx magnoculata n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9254, a. habit shortly after collection, b. dense ectosomal skeleton, d–e. SEM images of spicules, d. larger oxea, d1. detail of apex of larger oxea, e. smaller oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948963/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 16a</figureCitation>
), 11 x
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FA646C26A899B347" box="[879,950,1031,1056]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="cm" value="16.0">16 cm</quantity>
in lateral expansion,
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FDA56C26AFC8B347" box="[1198,1255,1031,1056]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
thick, provided with two conspicuous flush oscules with thin rims, approximately
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FA756C0DA89AB31B" box="[894,949,1068,1093]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
in diameter. Preserved
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763FDB76C0DAE31B31D" box="[1212,1310,1068,1093]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
consists of three fragments, the largest of which is 4 x 2 x
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FBBA6C6EA9C2B33F" box="[689,749,1103,1128]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
. Surface smooth, but bumpy, irregular with occasional small hillocks. Consistency firm, crumbly. Colour light beige.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6CB6AFA8B267" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6CB6AA1BB3F7" box="[199,308,1175,1200]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6CB6AA02B3E8" bold="true" box="[199,301,1175,1200]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Skeleton</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Surface skeleton a dense multilayered crust of spicules (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763FD1A6CB6AF54B3E8" box="[1041,1147,1175,1200]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-62@25.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Calyx magnoculata n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9254, a. habit shortly after collection, b. dense ectosomal skeleton, d–e. SEM images of spicules, d. larger oxea, d1. detail of apex of larger oxea, e. smaller oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948963/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 16b</figureCitation>
) lacking orientation or organization. The layer is approximately
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FB6F6C9DA9DDB38C" box="[612,754,1212,1237]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="125.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="100.0">100–150 µm</quantity>
in thickness and on average is 8 spicules thick. It overlies an irregular zone of subdermal spaces (
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763FB4B6CFEA98DB3A0" box="[576,674,1247,1272]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-62@25.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Calyx magnoculata n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9254, a. habit shortly after collection, b. dense ectosomal skeleton, d–e. SEM images of spicules, d. larger oxea, d1. detail of apex of larger oxea, e. smaller oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948963/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 16c</figureCitation>
), which are traversed by occasional more or less perpendicularly oriented spicule bundles, which follow an indistinct course in the underlying choanosomal skeleton. The latter is barely reticulate, mostly an isotropic–confused spicule mass, with few larger open spaces.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6D6DAAABB23D" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" box="[199,388,1356,1381]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6D6DAA1FB23B" box="[199,304,1356,1381]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6D6DAA06B23D" bold="true" box="[199,297,1356,1381]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Spicules</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Oxeas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6D4EA87BB288" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
Oxeas, relatively sharply pointed, slightly curved, apparently in two slightly overlapping size categories, which are, however, not localized in the skeleton and distinguished only in size, (1,
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763FD306DB5AFFBB2F5" box="[1083,1236,1428,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-62@25.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Calyx magnoculata n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9254, a. habit shortly after collection, b. dense ectosomal skeleton, d–e. SEM images of spicules, d. larger oxea, d1. detail of apex of larger oxea, e. smaller oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948963/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 16d, 16d</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763FDDF6DB5AFF1B2F5" box="[1236,1246,1428,1453]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[169,1414,1098,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-397@2.[151,1436,1094,1770]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the positions of Bonaire and Klein Curaçao (Southern Caribbean), where the present collections were obtained. Insets show details of locations and course of dives 2–4 of the Curasub." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948910/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">1</figureCitation>
) 225–
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FC2E6DB5AE60B2F5" box="[1317,1359,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">242</emphasis>
–264 x 10–
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CA6D96ABF4B288" box="[193,219,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">11</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763F9E06D96AA1BB288" box="[235,308,1463,1488]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 µm</quantity>
, and (2,
<figureCitation id="13262A4C123EA763F89E6D96AADEB288" box="[405,497,1463,1488]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1857,1879]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure-62@25.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 16. Calyx magnoculata n. sp., holotype RMNH Por. 9254, a. habit shortly after collection, b. dense ectosomal skeleton, d–e. SEM images of spicules, d. larger oxea, d1. detail of apex of larger oxea, e. smaller oxea." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948963" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948963/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Fig. 16e</figureCitation>
) 141–
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FB336D96A94DB288" box="[568,610,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">170</emphasis>
–195 x 6–
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FBD96D96A9CFB288" box="[722,736,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">8</emphasis>
–
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FBE46D96A860B288" box="[751,847,1463,1488]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 µm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F9CC6DFDABD8B140" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6DFDABD8B140" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6DFDAAD3B2AB" box="[199,508,1500,1525]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6DFDAADAB2AD" bold="true" box="[199,501,1500,1525]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763FA056DFDA811B2AC" box="[782,830,1500,1524]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">type</typeStatus>
locality, a vertical limestone wall at
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FDF86DFDAE12B2AB" box="[1267,1341,1500,1525]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="232.0">
<elevation id="0030D1FA123EA763FDF86DFDAE12B2AB" box="[1267,1341,1500,1525]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.32" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="232.0">232 m</elevation>
</quantity>
off SW
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659123EA763F99C6DDEABDCB140" box="[151,243,1535,1560]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Bonaire</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F9CC6E05A858B165" box="[199,887,1572,1597]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6E05A858B165" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" box="[199,887,1572,1597]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6E05AA62B163" box="[199,333,1572,1597]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6E05AA69B165" bold="true" box="[199,326,1572,1597]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Etymology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The name reflects the large conspicuous oscules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076542123EA763F9CC6E66AF9FB0D8" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA236C9123EA763F9CC6E66AF9FB0D8" blockId="24.[151,1437,924,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6E66AA14B107" box="[199,315,1607,1632]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F9CC6E66AA1BB138" bold="true" box="[199,308,1607,1632]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Remarks</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The species is assigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763FBD36E66A835B138" authorityName="Vosmaer" authorityYear="1885" box="[728,794,1607,1632]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FBD36E66A835B138" box="[728,794,1607,1632]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Calyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on account of the thick crust of intercrossing oxeas at the surface, making a characteristic, dense armor. The only other known Western Atlantic
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763FD506E4DAFDBB1DD" box="[1115,1268,1644,1669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FD506E4DAFB3B1DD" box="[1115,1180,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Calyx</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
is
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763FC186E4DAEB4B1DD" authorityName="sensu Van Soest &amp; Stentoft" authorityYear="1988" box="[1299,1435,1644,1669]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="podatypa">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FC186E4DAEB4B1DD" box="[1299,1435,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">C. podatypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763F9956EAEAAA0B1F0" author="De Laubenfels, M. W." box="[158,399,1679,1704]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref22793" refString="De Laubenfels, M. W. (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 91 (17), 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1934">De Laubenfels, 1934</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763F8B16EAEA905B1F0" box="[442,554,1679,1704]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F8B16EAEA905B1F0" box="[442,554,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Haliclona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It is largely similar to our new species, but has distinctly smaller spicules, 90–119 x
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763F8036E95AA4FB194" box="[264,352,1716,1741]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 µm</quantity>
in the
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763F8BB6E95AACFB194" box="[432,480,1716,1740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">type</typeStatus>
and its oscules are of the key-hole
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763FA7F6E95A888B194" box="[884,935,1716,1740]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">type</typeStatus>
, not rounded; color is pinkish beige, not tan like our new species.
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763F8876EF9A93AB1A8" authorityName="sensu Van Soest &amp; Stentoft" authorityYear="1988" box="[396,533,1751,1776]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="podatypa">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F8876EF9A93AB1A8" box="[396,533,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">C. podatypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also been hesitatingly reported from deep water off
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659123EA763FD9E6EF9AE34B1A8" box="[1173,1307,1751,1776]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763FC216EF6ABD6B04D" author="Van Soest, R. W. M." pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 173" refId="ref25856" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. (1980) Marine sponges from Curacao and other Caribbean localities. Part II. Haplosclerida. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 62 (191), 1 - 173." type="journal article" year="1980">Van Soest 1980: 91</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763F8156EDDAA9DB04D" authorityName="Burton" authorityYear="1934" box="[286,434,1788,1813]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Pachypellina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763F8156EDDAA9DB04D" box="[286,434,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Pachypellina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and from deep water off
<collectingCountry id="F30A7659123EA763FBDE6EDDA810B04D" box="[725,831,1788,1813]" name="Barbados" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">Barbados</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763FA456EDDAF9EB04D" author="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N." box="[846,1201,1788,1813]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 175" refId="ref26529" refString="Van Soest R. W. M. &amp; Stentoft, N. (1988) Barbados deep-water Sponges. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands, 70 (215), 1 - 175." type="journal article" year="1988">van Soest &amp; Stentoft 1988: 133</bibRefCitation>
). Both records might possibly belong to the present new species, as the upper size of the spicules nears that of our material and is up to twice the length of those of the
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763FB0F6F65A91BB004" box="[516,564,1860,1884]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">type</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4A123EA763FB576F65A9C8B005" authorityName="sensu Van Soest &amp; Stentoft" authorityYear="1988" box="[604,743,1860,1885]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Calyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="podatypa">
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FB576F65A9C8B005" box="[604,743,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">C. podatypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The
<typeStatus id="54A6886B123EA763FA206F65A874B004" box="[811,859,1860,1884]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">type</typeStatus>
of the latter has been found between 36 and
<quantity id="4CE59B2C123EA763FC696F65AEB3B003" box="[1378,1436,1860,1885]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" unit="m" value="72.0">72 m</quantity>
depth, but most subsequent specimens originate from shallow water (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B38123EA763FAC56F46AF8BB0D8" author="Rutzler, K. &amp; Piantoni, C. &amp; Van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Diaz, M. C." box="[974,1188,1895,1920]" pageId="24" pageNumber="425" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref25099" refString="Rutzler, K., Piantoni, C., Van Soest, R. W. M. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2014) Diversity of sponges (Porifera) from cryptic habitats on the Belize barrier reef near Carrie Bow Cay. Zootaxa, 3805 (1), 1 - 129. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3805.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Rützler
<emphasis id="B969EADB123EA763FD236F48AF4FB0D8" box="[1064,1120,1895,1920]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="425">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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