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<mods:title id="570C6C63D3236006DA0D3A2C16E72AC9">Jassa (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a new morphological and molecular assessment of the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9B553B672E070E926E4A7FFA3D2FAF62">Conlan, Kathleen E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E8F47E406F272E470AA8B0846CD888F1">Desiderato, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C5BFAEF230629CCDD14D74C6C3E9D0EB">Beermann, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03B487DAFF2AD987C9C81D26FE03F824" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4580620" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181871912" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4580620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487DAFF2AD987C9C81D26FE03F824" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487DAFF2AD987C9C81D26FE03F824" lastPageNumber="160" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<paragraph id="8BA236CCFF2AD987C9C81D26FDE5F9A9" blockId="159.[151,1437,1590,2013]" box="[151,529,1590,1617]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
<heading id="D0EA81A0FF2AD987C9C81D26FDE5F9A9" bold="true" box="[151,529,1590,1617]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987C9C81D26FDE5F9A9" authority="(Boeck, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Boeck" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[151,529,1590,1617]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987C9C81D26FDE5F9A9" bold="true" box="[151,529,1590,1617]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987C9C81D26FE9CF9A8" bold="true" box="[151,360,1590,1617]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Jassa californicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B3DFF2AD987C8281D27FDFDF9A9" author="Boeck A." box="[375,521,1590,1616]" journalOrPublisher="Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" pagination="32 - 51" part="1871" refId="ref88945" refString="Boeck A. (1871) Bidrag til Californiens amphipodefauna. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana, 1871, 32 - 51." title="Bidrag til Californiens amphipodefauna" type="journal article" year="1871">Boeck, 1871</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3076547FF2AD987C9981D4AFE03F824" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA236CCFF2AD987C9981D4AFE03F824" blockId="159.[151,1437,1590,2013]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
The Norwegian scientist Axel
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B3DFF2AD987CB7B1D4AFD4BF98C" author="Boeck A." box="[548,703,1627,1653]" journalOrPublisher="Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" pagination="32 - 51" part="1871" refId="ref88945" refString="Boeck A. (1871) Bidrag til Californiens amphipodefauna. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana, 1871, 32 - 51." title="Bidrag til Californiens amphipodefauna" type="journal article" year="1871">Boeck (1871)</bibRefCitation>
described seven new species from a collection made in the San Francisco area of California and sent to him for taxonomic assessment and deposition in
<collectingCountry id="F30A765CFF2AD987CDCA1D6EFB1BF960" box="[1173,1263,1663,1689]" name="Norway" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Norway</collectingCountry>
by a Professor Esmark. One of these was
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987C8921DB2FD20F944" authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1871" box="[461,724,1699,1725]" class="Malacostraca" family="Podoceridae" genus="Podocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987C8921DB2FD20F944" box="[461,724,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Podocerus californicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on two female specimens.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B3DFF2AD987CD3E1DB2FAECF947" author="Stebbing, T. R. R." box="[1121,1304,1699,1726]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" pagination="1 - 806" refId="ref105591" refString="Stebbing, T. R. R. (1906) Amphipoda. I. Gammaridea. Das Tierreich, 21, 1 - 806." type="journal article" year="1906">Stebbing (1906)</bibRefCitation>
recognized this species as
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987C81E1DD6FDF7F918" box="[321,515,1735,1761]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987C81E1DD6FDF7F918" box="[321,515,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Jassa californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B3DFF2AD987CB4D1DD6FD42F918" author="Conlan, K. E." box="[530,694,1735,1761]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" pagination="2031 - 2075" refId="ref90850" refString="Conlan, K. E. (1990) Revision of the crustacean amphipod genus Jassa Leach (Corophioidea: Ischyroceridae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 2031 - 2075. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 90 - 288" type="journal article" year="1990">Conlan (1990)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the whereabouts of the
<typeStatus id="54A6886EFF2AD987CD1C1DD6FB87F918" box="[1091,1139,1735,1761]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">type</typeStatus>
specimens was unknown. As a further effort to locate these specimens, The Natural History Museum,
<collectingRegion id="49D9F82EFF2AD987CAAE1DFAFBDDF8FC" box="[1009,1065,1771,1797]" country="Norway" name="Oslo" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Oslo</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30A765CFF2AD987CD6B1DFAFB7BF8FC" box="[1076,1167,1771,1797]" name="Norway" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Norway</collectingCountry>
, which is the repository for Boecks collection, was contacted but the reply was, “...we have not any
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CAB71C1EFA74F8D0" authority="Boeck, 1871" authorityName="Boeck" authorityYear="1871" box="[1000,1408,1807,1833]" class="Malacostraca" family="Podoceridae" genus="Podocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californicus">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CAB71C1EFB19F8D0" box="[1000,1261,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Podocerus californicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C4B3DFF2AD987CDAC1C1EFA74F8D0" author="Boeck A." box="[1267,1408,1807,1833]" journalOrPublisher="Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" pagination="32 - 51" part="1871" refId="ref88945" refString="Boeck A. (1871) Bidrag til Californiens amphipodefauna. Forhandlinger i Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana, 1871, 32 - 51." title="Bidrag til Californiens amphipodefauna" type="journal article" year="1871">
Boeck,
<quantity id="4CE59B29FF2AD987CC171C1EFA74F8D0" box="[1352,1408,1807,1833]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75234" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" unit="in" value="1871.0">1871</quantity>
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</taxonomicName>
in our collection, and Idont know where you can find it — if it exists...” (Åse Ingvild Wilhelmsen,
<date id="FFA3100CFF2AD987CD8A1C22FA94F8B4" box="[1237,1376,1843,1869]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" value="2018-06-08">8 June 2018</date>
). It is possible that these specimens could have been any of the species indigenous to the California coast but named much later:
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987C9871C6AFEBAF86C" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[216,334,1915,1941]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="slatteryi">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987C9871C6AFEBAF86C" box="[216,334,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. slatteryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13262A49FF2AD987C8021C6AFE36F86C" box="[349,450,1915,1941]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="13.[151,250,1518,1542]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,250,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,189,1494]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,494,1783]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@13.[151,1436,181,1494]" captionTargetId-1="figure-168@14.[151,1436,484,1783]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Progressive discovery of Jassa slatteryi from 1850 to 1949. Red dot: identification confirmed by specimen examination; green triangle: literature record (Supplementary Table S1) with identification not confirmed but judged likely to be this species; blue x: suspected or known to be on the hull or interior of a boat or ship." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Progressive discovery of Jassa slatteryi from 1850 to 2020. Red dot: identification confirmed by specimen examination; green triangle: literature record (Supplementary Table S1) with identification not confirmed but judged likely to be this species; blue x: suspected or known to be on the hull or interior of a boat or ship." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4580632" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4580634" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4580632/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4580634/files/figure.png" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Figs 34</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987C8881C6AFDBEF86D" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[471,586,1915,1940]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morinoi">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987C8881C6AFDBEF86D" box="[471,586,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. morinoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13262A49FF2AD987CB071C6AFD4BF86C" box="[600,703,1914,1941]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1522,1546]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1696,1720]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,189,1497]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,313,1622]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@15.[151,1436,181,1497]" captionTargetId-1="figure-91@16.[151,1436,307,1622]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Progressive discovery of Jassa morinoi from 1850 to 1949. Red dot: identification confirmed by specimen examination; green triangle: literature record (Supplementary Table S1) with identification not confirmed but judged likely to be this species; blue x: suspected or known to be on the hull or interior of a boat or ship." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Progressive discovery of Jassa morinoi from 1850 to 2020. Red dot: identification confirmed by specimen examination; green triangle: literature record (Supplementary Table S1) with identification not confirmed but judged likely to be this species; blue x: suspected or known to be on the hull or interior of a boat or ship." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4580636" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4580638" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4580636/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4580638/files/figure.png" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Figs 56</figureCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CB8D1C6AFC86F86C" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[722,882,1915,1941]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borowskyae">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CB8D1C6AFC86F86C" box="[722,882,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. borowskyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CA201C6AFC1FF86C" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[895,1003,1915,1941]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="staudei">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CA201C6AFC1FF86C" box="[895,1003,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. staudei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CAA61C6AFB98F86C" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[1017,1132,1915,1941]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carltoni">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CAA61C6AFB98F86C" box="[1017,1132,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. carltoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CD251C6AFB21F86C" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[1146,1237,1915,1941]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shawi">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CD251C6AFB21F86C" box="[1146,1237,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. shawi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CDA41C6AFA94F86D" authorityName="Conlan" authorityYear="1990" box="[1275,1376,1915,1940]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myersi">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CDA41C6AFA94F86D" box="[1275,1376,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. myersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13262A49FF2AD987CC301C6AFF42F840" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="21.[151,250,1905,1929]" captionTargetBox="[237,1351,181,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-18@21.[237,1351,181,1881]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURE 10. Records of Northern Hemisphere species of Jassa that were found in the eastern and/or western North Pacific and seas. Red dot: identification confirmed by specimen examination; green triangle: literature record (Supplementary Table S1) with identification not confirmed but judged likely to be this species; blue x: suspected or known to be on the hull or interior of a boat or ship." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4580654" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4580654/files/figure.png" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). It is possible also that it could have been
<taxonomicName id="4C1D4D4FFF2AD987CBFB1C8EFCCAF841" authorityName="Holmes" authorityYear="1905" box="[676,830,1951,1976]" class="Malacostraca" family="Ischyroceridae" genus="Jassa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphipoda" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marmorata">
<emphasis id="B969EADEFF2AD987CBFB1C8EFCCAF841" box="[676,830,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">J. marmorata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which would place its introduction to this area much earlier than is currently known.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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