353 lines
39 KiB
XML
353 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.585.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c78b339a-4ea5-4d66-8a33-af8020535056" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7703809" checkinTime="1678176856699" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duncan, Graham D." docDate="2023" docId="03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.585.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 585 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.585.4.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.5:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Lachenalia inflata G. D. Duncan 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="266" masterDocId="FF8DFFABFFB0FF9CD174FF952308FFB6" masterDocTitle="Four new species and three taxonomic adjustments in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="273" masterPageNumber="261" pageNumber="265" updateTime="1678213677648" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Four new species and three taxonomic adjustments in Lachenalia (Asparagaceae: Scilloideae) from southern and western South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Duncan, Graham D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-3079-9613</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, 7707 Rhodes Gift, South Africa & Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, 7700 Newlands, South Africa g. duncan @ sanbi. org. za; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3079 - 9613</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">g.duncan@sanbi.org.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-07</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>585</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>261</mods:start>
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<mods:end>273</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.585.4.2</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.585.4.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">c78b339a-4ea5-4d66-8a33-af8020535056</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7703809</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7703817" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7703817" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="266" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<subSubSection box="[136,729,1069,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[136,729,1069,1096]" box="[136,729,1069,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<heading box="[136,729,1069,1096]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName authority="G.D.Duncan" authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,501,1069,1096]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,350,1069,1096]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Lachenalia inflata</emphasis>
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G.D.Duncan
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[512,599,1070,1096]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" rank="species">
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<emphasis box="[512,591,1071,1096]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">sp. nov</emphasis>
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.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
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<figureCitation box="[614,691,1070,1096]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,234,194,216]" captionTargetId="figure-174@3.[151,1436,494,1367]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lachenalia komsbergensis: detail of three flowering racemes in cultivation (A); single plant flowering in beige alluvium, Komsberg Pass (B); general view of Central Mountain Shale Renosterveldhabitat, Komsberg Pass (C).Lachenalia inflata: single flowering plant in red sand north of Middelpos (D); single flowering plant in red clay west of Calvinia (E); general view of Roggeveld Karoo habitat north of Middelpos (F). Lachenalia granitica: detail of flowering spike in cultivation, with arrow showing a very long bract (G); flowering plant from Vredenburg in cultivation (H); spike of flowering and fruiting plant in Saldanha Granite Strandveld habitat near Vredenburg (I). Lachenalia filamentosa: flowering plants from Riviersonderend in cultivation (J); single flowering plant from De Hoop Nature Reserve in cultivation (K); two plants in early fruiting stage in De Hoop Limestone Fynbos habitat, De Hoop Nature Reserve (L). Photographs: A-D, F-K by Graham Duncan; E by Adam Harrower; L by David Gwynne-Evans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7706380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7706380/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[705,720,1070,1096]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,234,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[174,1404,508,1367]" captionTargetId="figure-174@3.[151,1436,494,1367]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution of Lachenalia komsbergensis in the southern Great Karoo of the Northern Cape, South Africa (inverted black triangle), Lachenalia inflata in the western Great Karoo, Northern Cape, South Africa (black triangles), Lachenalia granitica along the Cape West Coast, Western Cape, South Africa (black squares) and Lachenalia filamentosa along the Cape West Coast, Breede River Valley and Overberg in the Western Cape, South Africa (black dots)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7703813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7703813/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">2</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1451,1110,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1961-07-22" collectionCode="BD, NBG" country="South Africa" county="Type" elevation="1139" location="Calvinia" municipality="Akkerendam Nature Reserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCounty box="[136,187,1110,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Type</collectingCounty>
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:
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[190,214,1110,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">—</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry box="[214,395,1110,1131]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
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.
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<collectingRegion box="[409,560,1110,1132]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality box="[572,863,1110,1132]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Akkerendam Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12:8EC2601EFFB4FF98D219FBC320B6FBDA" box="[877,958,1110,1132]" country="South Africa" county="Type" municipality="Akkerendam Nature Reserve" name="Calvinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Calvinia</location>
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(3119
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<collectionCode box="[1027,1061,1110,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">BD</collectionCode>
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), stony clay flats and lower slopes of
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12:8EC2601EFFB4FF98D1FCFBEF227FFB26" box="[136,375,1146,1168]" country="South Africa" county="Type" municipality="Akkerendam Nature Reserve" name="Hantamsberg Mountains" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Hantamsberg Mountains</location>
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, among low scrub, elev.
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<quantity box="[612,686,1146,1167]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.139" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="m" value="1139.0">
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<elevation box="[612,686,1146,1167]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.139" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="m" value="1139.0">1139 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date box="[696,822,1145,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" value="1961-07-22">
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<collectingDate box="[696,822,1145,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" value="1961-07-22">22 July 1961</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<emphasis box="[832,952,1146,1167]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Barker 9319</emphasis>
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||
(
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<typeStatus box="[965,1051,1146,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode box="[1056,1115,1146,1167]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
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!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,1206,2078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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This new species differs from
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<taxonomicName authority="Loddiges ex Schultes & Schultes" authorityName="Schultes & Schultes" box="[494,1027,1206,1233]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
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<emphasis box="[494,631,1206,1232]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">L. mutabilis</emphasis>
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Loddiges ex Schultes & Schultes
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1070,1332,1206,1233]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" refId="ref11315" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1830) Systema vegetabilium 7 (2). J. G. Cotta, Stuttgart, 1816 pp." type="book" year="1830">Linnaeus (1830: 1710)</bibRefCitation>
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in having a bright yellow perianth with the upper two inner tepals equal in length to the lower inner tepal, and in its shorter filaments and oblong, narrower seeds with an inflated raphe.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,1206,2078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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Deciduous, winter-green geophyte
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<quantity box="[582,717,1312,1339]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="150.0" valueMax="220.0" valueMin="80.0">80–220 mm</quantity>
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high. Bulb subglobose,
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<quantity box="[988,1109,1312,1339]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="15.0">15–22 mm</quantity>
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||
in diam., solitary; tunic multilayered, outer tunics spongy, dark brown, inner tunics membranous, translucent light brown; cataphyll translucent white, apex obtuse. Leaf 1, rarely 2, lanceolate, 100–150 ×
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<quantity box="[825,950,1383,1409]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 mm</quantity>
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||
, suberect, conduplicate, leathery, upper and lower surfaces green or glaucous, sometimes heavily flushed with brownish purple, or heavily purple- or greenblotched along median; margins thickened/cartilaginous, slightly to strongly undulate, sometimes crisped; leaf bases clasping,
|
||
<quantity box="[243,363,1488,1515]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 mm</quantity>
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||
long, light green, sporadically or densely marked with purplish or green botches on outer surface; primary seedling leaf prostrate, flat. Inflorescence spicate, 10–35-flowered; peduncle erect or suberect, moderately or strongly inflated above, maroon, or dull mauve-flushed in upper half, light green and mauve-spotted in lower half; rachis inflated and mauve-flushed in lower half, shading to brownish green in upper half; sterile apex
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||
<quantity box="[1268,1389,1594,1620]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 mm</quantity>
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||
long, light green or light mauve; lower bracts cup-shaped, 1 ×
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<quantity box="[761,827,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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||
, translucent white, upper bracts lanceolate, 2–5 ×
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||
<quantity box="[1381,1447,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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||
, translucent white. Perianth zygomorphic, urceolate, slightly cernuous; perianth tube cup-shaped,
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||
<quantity box="[1234,1328,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
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||
long, light greenish yellow or bright yellow; outer tepals ovate, 6–7 ×
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<quantity box="[815,883,1699,1726]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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||
, bright yellow or greenish yellow, apices straight, apical gibbosity dark yellow, brown or brownish green; inner tepals obovate, 7–9 ×
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<quantity box="[1066,1160,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
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||
, bright yellow or greenish yellow, apices slightly recurved, median keel dull brown or brownish green. Stamens declinate, included; filaments
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<quantity box="[136,232,1805,1832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
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||
long, white. Ovary ellipsoid, 4 ×
|
||
<quantity box="[632,702,1805,1831]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
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||
, light green; style declinate, included,
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||
<quantity box="[1153,1221,1805,1832]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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||
long, white, stigma minutely capitate. Capsule ellipsoid, 8–9 ×
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||
<quantity box="[621,717,1840,1867]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
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||
. Seed oblong, 1.2 ×
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<quantity box="[944,1032,1840,1867]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
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, glossy, smooth, black; strophiole
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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long, glossy, inflated, smooth; raphe inflated. Flowering time: July to September.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="266" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,1206,2078]" box="[189,1285,1910,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,356,1911,1937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Etymology:—</emphasis>
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||
The specific epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[584,657,1910,1936]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata">
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||
<emphasis box="[584,657,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">inflata</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
is descriptive of the inflated upper part of the peduncle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,1452,1206,2078]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="266" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,523,1945,1971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Other material examined:—</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectionCode="BC" country="South Africa" location="Loeriesfontein" municipality="Calvinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[523,725,1946,1972]" name="South Africa" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[733,901,1946,1972]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity box="[909,977,1946,1972]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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||
west of
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||
<collectingMunicipality box="[1065,1160,1946,1972]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Calvinia</collectingMunicipality>
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||
on R355 to
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12:8EC2601EFFB4FF98D47CF80F26A3F802" box="[1288,1451,1946,1972]" country="South Africa" municipality="Calvinia" name="Loeriesfontein" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Loeriesfontein</location>
|
||
(3119
|
||
<collectionCode box="[203,242,1981,2007]" country="Spain" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13287" name="Institut Botànic de Barcelona" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="Herbarium">BC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-09-04" collectionCode="NBG, BD" country="South Africa" county="Harrower" location="Calvinia" municipality="Akkerendam Nature Reserve" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
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||
on red, sandy clay flats, among low scrub,
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||
<date box="[740,946,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" value="2007-09-04">
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||
<collectingDate box="[740,946,1981,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" value="2007-09-04">4 September 2007</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis box="[957,1131,1981,2007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
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||
<collectingCounty box="[957,1068,1982,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Harrower</collectingCounty>
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||
3594
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1146,1209,1981,2007]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
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||
, photo);
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||
<collectingMunicipality pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Akkerendam Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12:8EC2601EFFB4FF98D033F87522AEF84C" box="[327,422,2016,2042]" country="South Africa" county="Harrower" municipality="Akkerendam Nature Reserve" name="Calvinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Calvinia</location>
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||
(3119
|
||
<collectionCode box="[498,538,2016,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">BD</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2007-08-26" collectionCode="NBG, CC" collectorName="Farm Hangnes & Leliekrantz Road" country="South Africa" location="Avenant" municipality="Hantam Mountains" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
|
||
stony clay flats below
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[818,1039,2016,2043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Hantam Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, among low scrub,
|
||
<date box="[1263,1447,2016,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" value="2007-08-26">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1263,1447,2016,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" value="2007-08-26">26 August 2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[136,271,2052,2078]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12:8EC2601EFFB4FF98D1FCF79123EAF7A8" box="[136,226,2052,2078]" country="South Africa" municipality="Hantam Mountains" name="Avenant" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Avenant</location>
|
||
s.n.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[285,348,2051,2077]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
, photo);
|
||
<collectorName box="[446,612,2052,2078]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Farm Hangnes</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[623,815,2051,2077]" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">Leliekrantz Road</collectorName>
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[821,1023,2051,2078]" location="Middelpos" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">NW of Middelpos</locationDeviation>
|
||
(3120
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1097,1136,2051,2077]" country="Australia" name="CSIRO Canberra Rhizobium Collection" pageId="4" pageNumber="265">CC</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-09-24" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" elevation="1189" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="266" location="Duncan" pageId="4" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
|
||
scattered solitary plants on flats among low scrub, in deep red sand, in full sun or light shade of bushes, elev.
|
||
<quantity box="[1038,1123,158,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.189" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="m" value="1189.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1038,1123,158,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.189" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="m" value="1189.0">1189 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[1134,1353,158,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="2015-09-24">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1134,1353,158,185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="2015-09-24">24 September 2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B487D3FFB4FF99D1FCFBB822C4FA12:8EC2601EFFB5FF99D427FF0A26A4FF0E" box="[1363,1452,159,184]" country="South Africa" name="Duncan" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Duncan</location>
|
||
666
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[193,258,194,220]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,294,230,256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Notes:—</emphasis>
|
||
The first collection of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[552,657,230,256]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[552,657,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">L. inflata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was made by W.F. Barker within the Akkerendam Nature Reserve at the base of the Hantam Mountains at Calvinia on
|
||
<date box="[700,850,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="1961-07-22">22 July 1961</date>
|
||
. On
|
||
<date box="[904,1127,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="2006-09-22">22 September 2006</date>
|
||
, G.C. Summerfield recorded it on the farm Hangnes northwest of Middelpos in the Roggeveld, and he was the first to note that the oblong seeds of this species differed markedly from the globose ones of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[761,894,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[761,894,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">L. mutabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and thus suspected it to represent an undescribed species. In
|
||
<date box="[258,404,374,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="2007-08">August 2007</date>
|
||
, F. Avenant photographed it in flower at Akkerendam Nature Reserve, and in
|
||
<date box="[1263,1447,374,400]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="2007-09">September 2007</date>
|
||
, A.D. Harrower recorded it in flower just west of Calvinia. During a visit to Hangnes on
|
||
<date box="[1122,1343,410,437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" value="2015-09-24">24 September 2015</date>
|
||
, the plant was sampled and studied in habitat by G.D. Duncan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,620,482,508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Diagnostic features and affinities:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[620,827,482,508]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[620,827,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Lachenalia inflata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recognised in flower by an erect or suberect spike of urceolate, bright yellow or greenish yellow, slightly cernuous flowers carried on a strongly inflated, maroon, or dull mauve-flushed peduncle which is marked with purple or maroon blotches (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[985,1117,554,581]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,234,194,216]" captionTargetId="figure-174@3.[151,1436,494,1367]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lachenalia komsbergensis: detail of three flowering racemes in cultivation (A); single plant flowering in beige alluvium, Komsberg Pass (B); general view of Central Mountain Shale Renosterveldhabitat, Komsberg Pass (C).Lachenalia inflata: single flowering plant in red sand north of Middelpos (D); single flowering plant in red clay west of Calvinia (E); general view of Roggeveld Karoo habitat north of Middelpos (F). Lachenalia granitica: detail of flowering spike in cultivation, with arrow showing a very long bract (G); flowering plant from Vredenburg in cultivation (H); spike of flowering and fruiting plant in Saldanha Granite Strandveld habitat near Vredenburg (I). Lachenalia filamentosa: flowering plants from Riviersonderend in cultivation (J); single flowering plant from De Hoop Nature Reserve in cultivation (K); two plants in early fruiting stage in De Hoop Limestone Fynbos habitat, De Hoop Nature Reserve (L). Photographs: A-D, F-K by Graham Duncan; E by Adam Harrower; L by David Gwynne-Evans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7706380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7706380/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Fig. 1 D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). It has shallowly cup-shaped perianth tubes, the outer tepals have a dark yellow, brown or greenish brown apical gibbosity, and the protruding inner tepals have a dark yellow, dull brown or brownish green median keel. The flowers have included, declinate stamens, and bracts that are cup-shaped at the base of the inflorescence and lanceolate above. The plant usually has a solitary leathery lanceolate leaf (rarely 2) which is conduplicate or deeply channelled, and the margins are thickened/ cartilaginous and slightly to strongly undulate or sometimes crisped. The ripe fruit is an ellipsoid capsule containing oblong, glossy black seeds with a smooth, black strophiole and an inflated raphe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,400,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[189,400,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Lachenalia inflata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is included within subsect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[732,872,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Oncoraphae</emphasis>
|
||
of sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Duncan et al. 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Duncan" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[980,1365,806,833]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[980,1106,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Lachenalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Duncan, G. D. & Schlichting, C. D. & Forest, F. & Ellis, A. G. & Lemmon, A. R. & Lemmon, E. M. & Verboom, G. A." box="[1124,1357,806,833]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" pagination="563 - 586" refId="ref10872" refString="Duncan, G. D., Schlichting, C. D., Forest, F., Ellis, A. G., Lemmon, A. R., Lemmon, E. M. & Verboom, G. A. (2022) A new sectional classification of Lachenalia (Asparagaceae) based on a multilocus DNA phylogeny. Taxon 71: 563 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / tax. 12683" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Duncan
|
||
<emphasis box="[1224,1278,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It was initially considered to be merely a yellow-flowered form of
|
||
<emphasis box="[810,950,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[810,946,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mutabilis">L. mutabilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but in phylogenetic analysis it was retrieved as sister to the sister pair
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Cirillo 1788: 35) Engler (1899: 321)" authorityName="Engler" authorityPageNumber="321" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Cirillo" baseAuthorityPageNumber="35" baseAuthorityYear="1788" box="[421,980,878,905]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulbifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[421,554,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">L. bulbifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cirillo, D. M. L." box="[569,751,878,905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" refId="ref10556" refString="Cirillo, D. M. L. (1788). Plantarum rariorum regni Neapolitani 1. Naples, 39 pp." type="book" year="1788">Cirillo 1788: 35</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Engler, H. G. A." box="[766,980,878,904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" pagination="321" refId="ref10956" refString="Engler, H. G. A. (1899) Lachenalia Jacq. Notizblatt des Koniglichen Botanischen Gartens und Museums zu Berlin 2: 321." type="journal article" year="1899">Engler (1899: 321)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Jacquin (1789: 323)" authorityName="Jacquin" authorityPageNumber="323" authorityYear="1789" box="[1035,1397,878,904]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1035,1163,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">L. punctata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Jacquin, N. J." box="[1170,1397,878,904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" refId="ref11044" refString="Jacquin, N. J. (1789) Collectanea 2. C. F. Wappler, Vienna, 374 pp." type="book" year="1789">Jacquin (1789: 323)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two widespread, long-tubed, tubular-flowered lachenalias mainly from coastal parts of the Western and
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1276,1448,914,940]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
. These three taxa constitute the only members of subsect.
|
||
<emphasis box="[766,906,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Oncoraphae</emphasis>
|
||
and are united by the possession of seeds with an inflated raphe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Duncan, G. D. & Schlichting, C. D. & Forest, F. & Ellis, A. G. & Lemmon, A. R. & Lemmon, E. M. & Verboom, G. A." box="[306,527,986,1013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" pagination="563 - 586" refId="ref10872" refString="Duncan, G. D., Schlichting, C. D., Forest, F., Ellis, A. G., Lemmon, A. R., Lemmon, E. M. & Verboom, G. A. (2022) A new sectional classification of Lachenalia (Asparagaceae) based on a multilocus DNA phylogeny. Taxon 71: 563 - 586. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / tax. 12683" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Duncan
|
||
<emphasis box="[402,452,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[545,679,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mutabilis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[545,679,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">L. mutabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[829,931,986,1012]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[829,931,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">L. inflata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a light blue perianth tube, greenishbrown, light to deep mauve outer tepals with prominent brown apical gibbosities, and inner tepals that are yellowishgreen or translucent white, with brown or green median keels, with the lower inner tepal slightly longer than the upper inner tepals. It differs further in having longer filaments
|
||
<quantity box="[780,874,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (versus
|
||
<quantity box="[1030,1124,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), globose seeds (versus oblong) with a longer length range of
|
||
<quantity box="[566,702,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(versus
|
||
<quantity box="[798,885,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and are wider (
|
||
<quantity box="[1070,1209,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, versus
|
||
<quantity box="[1301,1391,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and have no inflated raphe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="266" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="5.[136,1452,158,1445]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,516,1202,1228]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="G. D. Duncan" authorityYear="2023" box="[516,721,1202,1228]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Lachenalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inflata">
|
||
<emphasis box="[516,721,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Lachenalia inflata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs within the Succulent Karoo Biome and is currently known from only three locations (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[430,499,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,234,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[174,1404,508,1367]" captionTargetId="figure-174@3.[151,1436,494,1367]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution of Lachenalia komsbergensis in the southern Great Karoo of the Northern Cape, South Africa (inverted black triangle), Lachenalia inflata in the western Great Karoo, Northern Cape, South Africa (black triangles), Lachenalia granitica along the Cape West Coast, Western Cape, South Africa (black squares) and Lachenalia filamentosa along the Cape West Coast, Breede River Valley and Overberg in the Western Cape, South Africa (black dots)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7703813" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7703813/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). It frequents dwarf shrubland in Hantam Karoo vegetation on stony red clay flats and lower slopes of the Hantamsberg within the Akkerendam Nature Reserve at Calvinia, as well as on clay flats to the west of this town, whereas to the northwest of Middelpos (southeast of Calvinia), it occurs in Roggeveld Karoo vegetation in deep red sand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M. C." box="[334,645,1346,1372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="266" refId="ref11340" refString="Mucina, L. & Rutherford, M. C. (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 807 pp." type="book" year="2006">Mucina & Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[668,761,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,234,194,216]" captionTargetId="figure-174@3.[151,1436,494,1367]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lachenalia komsbergensis: detail of three flowering racemes in cultivation (A); single plant flowering in beige alluvium, Komsberg Pass (B); general view of Central Mountain Shale Renosterveldhabitat, Komsberg Pass (C).Lachenalia inflata: single flowering plant in red sand north of Middelpos (D); single flowering plant in red clay west of Calvinia (E); general view of Roggeveld Karoo habitat north of Middelpos (F). Lachenalia granitica: detail of flowering spike in cultivation, with arrow showing a very long bract (G); flowering plant from Vredenburg in cultivation (H); spike of flowering and fruiting plant in Saldanha Granite Strandveld habitat near Vredenburg (I). Lachenalia filamentosa: flowering plants from Riviersonderend in cultivation (J); single flowering plant from De Hoop Nature Reserve in cultivation (K); two plants in early fruiting stage in De Hoop Limestone Fynbos habitat, De Hoop Nature Reserve (L). Photographs: A-D, F-K by Graham Duncan; E by Adam Harrower; L by David Gwynne-Evans." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7706380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7706380/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="266">Fig. 1 F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Plants occur as scattered solitary individuals or in groups of two, in open aspects or within the protection of low karroid scrub, and flowering takes place from late winter to spring (late July to late September).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |