388 lines
50 KiB
XML
388 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="FAACFA0ACB179BFF68A1C027E4E087F8" ID-CLB-Dataset="126956" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2022.2068387" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ca061c2-0cbb-4434-a28a-fc6c60e7ed7c" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012486" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1660992336059" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calder, Dale R., Carlton, James T., Keith, Inti, Ashton, Gail V., Larson, Kristen, Ruiz, Gregory M., Herrera, Esteban & Golfin, Geiner" docDate="2022" docId="03A1BD34FFCFFFA789F2FC481486F9C6" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.56.9-12.565-606.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 56 (9 - 12)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2068387" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Clytia linearis" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="583" masterDocId="FF98C54CFFDEFFB58820FFD21740FFD4" masterDocTitle="Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography" masterLastPageNumber="606" masterPageNumber="565" pageNumber="582" updateTime="1699371997110" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="492A812659996340CDC10CC9798B717B">Biofouling hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from a Tropical Eastern Pacific island, with remarks on their biogeography</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F7FD14DD8195C5582E3D2F86B0197D0">Calder, Dale R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="940DD69C82983F207C35CC510C74B3AE">Keith, Inti</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F802B8F51878D93796EF020CA4A465C7">Ashton, Gail V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B486759BE8B85D1CAB4C45D3EC83712B">Ruiz, Gregory M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D9CDA72E7B82066097D15A539D450736">Herrera, Esteban</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8BFFC99BC913F1E78D0BE37651BE61A">Golfin, Geiner</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="14726C6F243A5B12E3E3C8F5B686B83A">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9C0415319F037ADEDC5D64418D998290">2022-07-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="E3988DED7D7BBF60D5A7630E7EA231E5">9 - 12</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="9FF1A62975B92F1DEB1F8367752D4DF0">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2022.2068387</mods:url>
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<treatment id="03A1BD34FFCFFFA789F2FC481486F9C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012508" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199549857" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7012508" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A1BD34FFCFFFA789F2FC481486F9C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A1BD34FFCFFFA789F2FC481486F9C6" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFCFFFA489F2FC481411FC60" box="[466,849,922,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0FFBB4EFFCFFFA489F2FC481411FC60" bold="true" box="[466,849,922,948]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCFFFA489F2FC481411FC60" ID-CoL="5ZFBT" authority="(Thornely, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[466,849,922,948]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
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<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA489F2FC481411FC60" bold="true" box="[466,849,922,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA489F2FC48153BFC60" bold="true" box="[466,635,922,948]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Clytia linearis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCFFFA48AA9FC481408FC60" author="Thornely LR" box="[649,840,922,948]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" pagination="107 - 126" refId="ref23595" refString="Thornely LR. 1904. Report on the Hydroida collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902, and Herdman WA, editor. Report to the Government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, with supplementary reports upon the marine biology of Ceylon, by other naturalists, part 2. p. 107 - 126. London: The Royal Society." type="book chapter" year="1904">Thornely, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFCFFFA48A61FC6E15A2FC02" box="[577,738,956,982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48A61FC6E15A2FC02" blockId="17.[466,849,922,982]" box="[577,738,956,982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<heading id="D0FFBB4EFFCFFFA48A61FC6E15A2FC02" box="[577,738,956,982]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48A61FC6E15A2FC02" bold="true" box="[577,738,956,982]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133310A7FFCFFFA48A6AFC6E159AFC02" box="[586,730,956,982]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="15.[160,225,1534,1557]" captionTargetBox="[166,1149,147,1502]" captionTargetId="figure-1@15.[163,1153,142,1502]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 5. Leptothecata: Phialellidae, Cirrholovenia, Clytiidae. (a) Phialellidae (undetermined): three hydrothecae and pedicels, #240565. (b) Cirrholovenia tetranema: two hydrothecae and stolons, and a nematotheca, #240629. (c) Clytia brevithecata: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #240600. (d) Clytia brevithecata: proximal end of pedicel and stolon, #240600. (e) Clytia linearis: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #307693. (f) Clytia linearis: gonotheca, #307693. (g) Clytia obliqua: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel, #240629.(h) Clytia obliqua: hydrotheca and distal end of pedicel,#253541. (i) Clytia obliqua: gonotheca, #253541. (j) Clytia obliqua: gonotheca, #240629. Scale bars: a, c–j = 0.1 mm; b = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7012498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7012498/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Figure 5e, f</figureCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFCFFFA48880FC2315F3FBDE" box="[160,691,1009,1034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48880FC2315F3FBDE" blockId="17.[160,691,1009,1034]" box="[160,691,1009,1034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB182B0CFFCFFFA48880FC2315F3FBDE" box="[160,691,1009,1034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA92A33FFCFFFA48880FC231561FBDE" author="Thornely LR" box="[160,545,1009,1034]" page="453" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" year="1904">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCFFFA48880FC231561FBDE" ID-CoL="6SCHR" authority="Thornely, 1904: 453" authorityName="Thornely" authorityPageNumber="453" authorityYear="1904" box="[160,545,1009,1034]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Obelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
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||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48880FC23167BFBDE" box="[160,315,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Obelia linearis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCFFFA48962FC231561FBDE" author="Thornely LR" box="[322,545,1009,1034]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" pagination="107 - 126" refId="ref23595" refString="Thornely LR. 1904. Report on the Hydroida collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902, and Herdman WA, editor. Report to the Government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, with supplementary reports upon the marine biology of Ceylon, by other naturalists, part 2. p. 107 - 126. London: The Royal Society." type="book chapter" year="1904">Thornely, 1904: 453</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl. 44, fig. 6.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFCFFFA48880FBE416C1FA24" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48880FBE41676FB84" blockId="17.[160,1053,1078,1138]" box="[160,310,1078,1104]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48880FBE41676FB84" bold="true" box="[160,310,1078,1104]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<typeStatus id="54B3B280FFCFFFA48880FBE41798FB84" box="[160,216,1078,1104]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Type</typeStatus>
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locality
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48880FB8B135DFBA6" blockId="17.[160,1053,1078,1138]" box="[160,1053,1113,1138]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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<materialsCitation id="3B60067FFFCFFFA48880FB8B1359FBA6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3891616418" box="[160,1049,1113,1138]" country="Papua New Guinea" location="Blanche Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="West New Britain" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCFFFA48880FB8B1639FBA6" box="[160,377,1113,1138]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49CCC2C0FFCFFFA489A3FB8B1548FBA6" box="[387,520,1113,1138]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="West New Britain" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">New Britain</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="8ED75AF9FFCFFFA48A32FB8B15DAFBA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A1BD34FFCFFFA789F2FC481486F9C6:8ED75AF9FFCFFFA48A32FB8B15DAFBA6" box="[530,666,1113,1138]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Blanche Bay" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" stateProvince="West New Britain">Blanche Bay</location>
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(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCFFFA48A88FB8B140AFBA6" author="Thornely LR" box="[680,842,1113,1138]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" pagination="107 - 126" refId="ref23595" refString="Thornely LR. 1904. Report on the Hydroida collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902, and Herdman WA, editor. Report to the Government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, with supplementary reports upon the marine biology of Ceylon, by other naturalists, part 2. p. 107 - 126. London: The Royal Society." type="book chapter" year="1904">Thornely 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCFFFA48B56FB8B1350FBA6" authorityName="Thornely" authorityYear="1904" box="[886,1040,1113,1138]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Obelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48B56FB8B1350FBA6" box="[886,1040,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Obelia linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48880FB4C163FFB6C" blockId="17.[160,1156,1182,1520]" box="[160,383,1182,1208]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48880FB4C163FFB6C" bold="true" box="[160,383,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48880FB1016C1FA24" blockId="17.[160,1156,1182,1520]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
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||
Chatham Bay,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA48982FB10155AFB0F" box="[418,538,1218,1243]" degrees="87.03826" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="-87.03826">−87.03826</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 colony,
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<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFCFFFA48AACFB10158CFB0F" box="[652,716,1218,1243]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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||
high, without gonothecae, coll. I. Keith, #240566. –Wafer Bay,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA48983FB3616BDFB29" box="[419,509,1252,1277]" degrees="5.54556" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="5.54556">5.54556</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA48A2BFB3615C4FB29" box="[523,644,1252,1277]" degrees="87.06221" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="-87.06221">−87.06221</geoCoordinate>
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, 25 colony fragments, to
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||
<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFCFFFA48B94FB361342FB29" box="[948,1026,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" unit="cm" value="1.1">1.1 cm</quantity>
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||
high, with gonothecae, coll. G. Ashton, #240607. –Chatham Bay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA48B09FAD514C5FAF4" box="[809,901,1287,1312]" degrees="5.55271" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="5.55271">5.55271</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA48BB4FAD5134EFAF4" box="[916,1038,1287,1312]" degrees="87.03826" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="-87.03826">−87.03826</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 3 colony fragments, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFCFFFA4896AFAF816D9FA97" box="[330,409,1322,1347]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" unit="cm" value="1.1">1.1 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, with gonothecae, coll. I. Keith, #307693. –Chatham Bay,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA48880FA9E17BDFAB1" box="[160,253,1356,1381]" degrees="5.55236" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="5.55236">5.55236</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3C6AE5FFCFFFA4892EFA9E16C9FAB1" box="[270,393,1356,1381]" degrees="87.04173" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" precision="1" value="-87.04173">−87.04173</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 8 colony fragments, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFCFFFA48A9EFA9E15BCFAB1" box="[702,764,1356,1381]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, without gonothecae, coll. I. Keith, #307703. –Chatham Bay, dock 004, no coordinates, 1 colony, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCFFFA48BC0FABD164DFA7F" authorityName="Kirchenpauer" authorityYear="1872" class="Hydrozoa" family="Aglaopheniidae" genus="Macrorhynchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="philippina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48BC0FABD164DFA7F" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Macrorhynchia philippina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFCFFFA48938FA401618FA7F" box="[280,344,1426,1451]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
high, without gonothecae, coll. G. Ashton, #266335. –Chatham Bay, dock 004, no coordinates, 4 colony fragments, to
|
||
<quantity id="4CF0A1C7FFCFFFA48A97FA661446FA19" box="[695,774,1460,1485]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" unit="cm" value="1.3">1.3 cm</quantity>
|
||
high, without gonothecae, coll. G. Ashton, #266338.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3125FA9FFCFFFA78880F9CE1486F9C6" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA48880F9CE1646F9E2" blockId="17.[160,1156,1564,1728]" box="[160,262,1564,1590]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA48880F9CE1646F9E2" bold="true" box="[160,262,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCFFFA78880F9ED151FFF39" blockId="17.[160,1156,1564,1728]" lastBlockId="18.[160,1157,142,1381]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="583" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">
|
||
Hydroids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCFFFA4890BF9ED16FDF98C" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[299,445,1599,1624]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCFFFA4890BF9ED16FDF98C" box="[299,445,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Clytia linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are distinctive in having inward-folding pleats extending from the tip of each hydrothecal cusp to the distal wall of the hydrotheca (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCFFFA48BBCF9B01797F94A" author="Lindner A & Migotto AE" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" pagination="541 - 553" refId="ref21199" refString="Lindner A, Migotto AE. 2002. The life cycle of Clytia linearis and Clytia noliformis: metagenic campanulariids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with contrasting polyp and medusa stages. J Mar Biol Assoc U K. 82: 541 - 553. doi: 10.1017 / S 0025315402005866" type="journal article" year="2002">Lindner and Migotto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Colonies of the species are also usually erect and sympodially branched, and hydrothecae are particularly large and deep (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCFFFA48AAFF975140FF914" author="Cunha AF & Collins AG & Marques AC" box="[655,847,1703,1728]" pageId="17" pageNumber="582" pagination="417 - 447" refId="ref19130" refString="Cunha AF, Collins AG, Marques AC. 2020. When morphometry meets taxonomy: morphological variation and species boundaries in Proboscoida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zool J Linn Soc. 190: 417 - 447. doi: 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlz 166" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCFFFA48AAFF9751599F914" box="[655,729,1703,1728]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="17" pageNumber="582">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Molecular studies indicate that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA788F7FF5C1602FF73" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[215,322,142,167]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA788F7FF5C1602FF73" box="[215,322,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a close relationship to such well-known species as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78BE7FF5C1615FF1E" authority="(Linnaeus, 1767)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hemisphaerica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78BE7FF5C13C3FF73" box="[967,1155,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. hemisphaerica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78886FF63160DFF1E" author="Linnaeus C" box="[166,333,177,202]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="533 - 1317" refId="ref21344" refString="Linnaeus C. 1767. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Pars II. Editio duodecima, reformata. Holmiae: Laurentii Salvii. p. 533 - 1317. doi: 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156772" type="book chapter" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA789AAFF6315D5FF1E" authority="(M. Sars, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="M. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[394,661,177,202]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA789AAFF6316B0FF1E" box="[394,496,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
(M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A3EFF6315CDFF1E" author="Sars M" box="[542,653,177,202]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="121 - 211" refId="ref23084" refString="Sars M. 1851. Beretning om en i Sommeren 1849 foretagen zoologisk Reise i Lofoten og Finmarken. Nyt Mag Naturvidenskaberne. 6: 121 - 211." type="journal article" year="1851">Sars, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A80FF6314EDFF1E" author="Govindarajan AF & Boero F & Halanych KM" box="[672,941,177,202]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="820 - 834" refId="ref19955" refString="Govindarajan AF, Boero F, Halanych KM. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis with multiple markers indicates repeated loss of the adult medusa stage in Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Mol Phylogenet Evol. 38: 820 - 834. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2005.11.012" type="journal article" year="2006">Govindarajan et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78B98FF6313C0FF1E" author="Leclere L & Schuchert P & Cruaud C & Couloux A & Manuel M" box="[952,1152,177,202]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="509 - 526" refId="ref21035" refString="Leclere L, Schuchert P, Cruaud C, Couloux A, Manuel M. 2009. Molecular phylogenetics of Thecata (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) reveals long-term maintenance of life history traits despite high frequency of recent character changes. Syst Biol. 58: 509 - 526. doi: 10.1093 / sysbio / syp 044" type="journal article" year="2009">Leclere et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78880FF0616C0FF39" author="Maronna MM & Miranda TP & Cantero AL & Barbeitos MS & Marques AC" box="[160,384,212,237]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="18075" refId="ref21441" refString="Maronna MM, Miranda TP, Cantero AL P, Barbeitos MS, Marques AC. 2016. Towards a phylogenetic classification of Leptothecata (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Sci Rep. 6: 18075. doi: 10.1038 / srep 18075" type="journal article" year="2016">Maronna et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA789ADFF061512FF39" author="Cunha AF & Collins AG & Marques AC" box="[397,594,212,237]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="417 - 447" refId="ref19130" refString="Cunha AF, Collins AG, Marques AC. 2020. When morphometry meets taxonomy: morphological variation and species boundaries in Proboscoida (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Zool J Linn Soc. 190: 417 - 447. doi: 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlz 166" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA789ADFF061696FF39" box="[397,470,212,237]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCCFFA788E0FF24150EFDD6" blockId="18.[160,1157,142,1381]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">
|
||
Subjective synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA789C8FF241519FEDB" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[488,601,246,271]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA789C8FF241519FEDB" box="[488,601,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Tropical Eastern Pacific include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78C1CFF2416C2FEE6" authority="Clarke, 1907" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1907" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Obelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78C1CFF2417A7FEE6" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Obelia striata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA788D2FECB16C2FEE6" author="Clarke SF" box="[242,386,281,306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref18510" refString="Clarke SF. 1907. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross ", from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 35 (1): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA789EFFECB156AFEE6" box="[463,554,281,306]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A1BFECB1419FEE6" author="Rees WJ & Vervoort W" box="[571,857,281,306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 209" refId="ref22897" refString="Rees WJ, Vervoort W. 1987. Hydroids from the John Murray Expedition to the Indian Ocean, with revisory notes on Hydrodendron, Abietinella, Cryptolaria and Zygophylax (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa). Zool Verhandelingen. 237: 1 - 209." type="journal article" year="1987">Rees and Vervoort 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78B4AFECB14B6FEE6" author="Calder DR" box="[874,1014,281,306]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref17413" refString="Calder DR. 1991. Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum. Life Sci Contrib. 154: 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), as well as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78880FEEE150BFE81" authority="Fraser, 1938 a" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1938" box="[160,587,316,341]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="acutidentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78880FEEE16CAFE81" box="[160,394,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Clytia acutidentata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78981FEEE150BFE81" author="Fraser CM" box="[417,587,316,341]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref19533" refString="Fraser CM. 1938 a. Hydroids of the 1934 Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (1): 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1938">Fraser, 1938a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Galápagos Islands and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA78C0AFEEE13C0FE81" box="[1066,1152,316,341]" name="Mexico" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78881FE8C1544FEA3" authority="Fraser, 1938 a" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1938" box="[161,516,350,375]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carinadentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78881FE8C161DFEA3" box="[161,349,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. carinadentata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78949FE8C1544FEA3" author="Fraser CM" box="[361,516,350,375]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref19533" refString="Fraser CM. 1938 a. Hydroids of the 1934 Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (1): 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1938">Fraser, 1938a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Galápagos, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78B66FE8C17A5FE4E" authority="Fraser, 1938 a" authorityName="Fraser" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Gonothyraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="serialis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78B66FE8C136DFEA3" box="[838,1069,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Gonothyraea serialis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78C19FE8C17A5FE4E" author="Fraser CM" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 105" refId="ref19533" refString="Fraser CM. 1938 a. Hydroids of the 1934 Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition. Allan Hancock Pac Expeditions. 4 (1): 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1938">Fraser, 1938a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA7890DFE5316DAFE4E" box="[301,410,385,410]" name="Colombia" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA789F6FE531571FE4E" box="[470,561,385,410]" name="Panama" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A60FE53158CFE4E" author="Calder DR" box="[576,716,385,410]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref17413" refString="Calder DR. 1991. Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda. The Thecatae, exclusive of Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum. Life Sci Contrib. 154: 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1991">Calder 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78AFAFE5314E5FE4E" author="Calder DR & Vervoort W & Hochberg FG" box="[730,933,385,410]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="919 - 1058" refId="ref17575" refString="Calder DR, Vervoort W, Hochberg FG. 2009. Lectotype designations of new species of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), described by C. M. Fraser, from Allan Hancock Pacific and Caribbean Sea Expeditions. Zool Mededelingen. 83: 919 - 1058." type="journal article" year="2009">Calder et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). While all of these were originally described from small colonies, they share the most distinctive character of the species in having a pleat running from the apex of each marginal cusp to the distal wall of the hydrotheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCCFFA788E0FDDE1564FD21" blockId="18.[160,1157,142,1381]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA788E0FDDE1556FDF1" author="Lindner A & Migotto AE" box="[192,534,524,549]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="541 - 553" refId="ref21199" refString="Lindner A, Migotto AE. 2002. The life cycle of Clytia linearis and Clytia noliformis: metagenic campanulariids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with contrasting polyp and medusa stages. J Mar Biol Assoc U K. 82: 541 - 553. doi: 10.1017 / S 0025315402005866" type="journal article" year="2002">Lindner and Migotto (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
followed the complete life cycle of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78BCBFDDE131FFDF1" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1003,1119,524,549]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78BCBFDDE131FFDF1" box="[1003,1119,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in laboratory cultures. Although medusae liberated from hydroids were reared to maturity, adults could not be linked with certainty to a known medusa species. Newly liberated medusae were similar in morphology to those described in other species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA789BBFD4415ECFD7B" authority="Lamouroux, 1812" authorityName="Lamouroux" authorityYear="1812" box="[411,684,662,687]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA789BBFD441699FD7B" box="[411,473,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Clytia</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA789C3FD4415ECFD7B" author="Lamouroux JVF" box="[483,684,662,687]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="181 - 188" refId="ref20893" refString="Lamouroux JVF. 1812. Extrait d'un memoire sur la classification des polypiers coralligenes non entierement pierreux. Nouveau Bulletin des Sciences, par la Societe Philomatique de Paris. 3: 181 - 188." type="journal article" year="1812">Lamouroux, 1812</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A9BFD441348FD7B" author="Schuchert P & Collins R" box="[699,1032,662,687]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="237 - 356" refId="ref23256" refString="Schuchert P, Collins R. 2021. Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream. Rev Suisse Zool. 128: 237 - 356. doi: 10.35929 / RSZ. 0049" type="journal article" year="2021">Schuchert and Collins (2021)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have now identified and figured mature medusae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78A85FD6B1455FD06" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[677,789,697,722]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78A85FD6B1455FD06" box="[677,789,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, identified by DNA barcoding, from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CCC2C0FFCCFFA78931FD0E1600FD21" box="[273,320,732,757]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Gulf" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Gulf</collectingRegion>
|
||
Stream off
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CCC2C0FFCCFFA789EFFD0E1560FD21" box="[463,544,732,757]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCCFFA788E0FD2C15EAFAB1" blockId="18.[160,1157,142,1381]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">
|
||
In the tropical and subtropical eastern Pacific,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78ACDFD2C141CFCC3" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[749,860,766,791]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78ACDFD2C141CFCC3" box="[749,860,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reported from Rocas Alijos, west of Baja California (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A61FCF3158BFCEE" author="Calder DR" box="[577,715,801,826]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" refId="ref17444" refString="Calder DR. 1996. Hydroids from Rocas Alijos. In: Schmieder RW, editor. Rocas Alijos. Scientific Results from the Cordell Expeditions. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; p. 257 - 261. doi: 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 2917 - 8 _ 18" type="journal volume" year="1996">Calder 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and the Gulf of California (MendozaBecerril et al. 2020;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA789A0FC961580FC89" author="Estrada-Gonzalez M & Aguero J & Mendoza-Becerril M" box="[384,704,836,861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" refId="ref19353" refString="Estrada-Gonzalez M, Aguero J, Mendoza-Becerril M. 2022. Medusozoans from the Mexican Pacific: a review of historical and current research. J Nat Hist. 56." type="book" year="2022">Estrada-González et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to Salinas,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA78B6AFC9614E6FC89" box="[842,934,836,861]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Calder et al. 2021) and the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CCC2C0FFCCFFA788DDFCB41687FCAB" box="[253,455,870,895]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Galápagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
offshore (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A17FCB415BBFCAB" author="Calder DR & Mallinson JJ & Collins K & Hickman CP" box="[567,763,870,895]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1173 - 1218" refId="ref17525" refString="Calder DR, Mallinson JJ, Collins K, Hickman CP. 2003. Additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria) of the Galapagos, with a list of species reported from the islands. J Nat Hist. 37: 1173 - 1218. doi: 10.1080 / 00222930110116039" type="journal article" year="2003">Calder et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2019, 2021). The species has been considered essentially circumglobal in distribution (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78AD5FC5B135DFC76" author="Medel MD & Vervoort W" box="[757,1053,905,930]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref21550" refString="Medel MD, Vervoort W. 2000. Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zool Verhandelingen. 330: 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Medel and Vervoort 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78C0DFC5B162EFC11" author="Lindner A & Migotto AE" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="541 - 553" refId="ref21199" refString="Lindner A, Migotto AE. 2002. The life cycle of Clytia linearis and Clytia noliformis: metagenic campanulariids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with contrasting polyp and medusa stages. J Mar Biol Assoc U K. 82: 541 - 553. doi: 10.1017 / S 0025315402005866" type="journal article" year="2002">Lindner and Migotto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and phylogenetic analyses have confirmed that it is widely distributed (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA788C1FC1C16F4FC33" author="Lindner A & Govindarajan AF & Migotto AE" box="[225,436,974,999]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="23 - 36" refId="ref21250" refString="Lindner A, Govindarajan AF, Migotto AE. 2011. Cryptic species, life cycles, and the phylogeny of Clytia (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Campanulariidae). Zootaxa. 2980: 23 - 36. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2980.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">Lindner et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA789E0FC1C15C4FC33" author="Cunha AF & Collins AG & Marques AC" box="[448,644,974,999]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="118 - 135" refId="ref19066" refString="Cunha AF, Collins AG, Marques AC. 2017. Phylogenetic relationships of Proboscoida Broch, 1910 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa): are traditional morphological diagnostic characters relevant for the delimitation of lineages at the species, genus, and family levels? Mol Phylogenet Evol. 106: 118 - 135. doi: 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2016.09.012" type="journal article" year="2017">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA789E0FC1C1549FC33" box="[448,521,974,999]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al. 2017
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2020). Particular notice has been taken of its occurrence on certain species of shelled pteropods (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78B71FC23149BFBDE" author="Clarke SF" box="[849,987,1009,1034]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref18510" refString="Clarke SF. 1907. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the eastern tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross ", from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. - Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII. The hydroids. Mem Mus Comp Zool Harvard Coll. 35 (1): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1907">Clarke 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78C33FC23133DFBDE" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1907" box="[1043,1149,1009,1034]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Obelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78C33FC23133DFBDE" box="[1043,1149,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">O. striata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78880FBC61673FBF9" author="Kramp PL" box="[160,307,1044,1069]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref20739" refString="Kramp PL. 1921. Kinetocodium danae n. g., n. sp. a new gymnoblastic hydroid, parasitic on a pteropod. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i KjObenhavn. 74: 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1921">Kramp, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78947FBC6156BFBF9" baseAuthorityName="Clarke" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[359,555,1044,1069]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Laomedea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78947FBC6156BFBF9" box="[359,555,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Laomedea striata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A1CFBC615A0FBF9" author="Stechow E" box="[572,736,1044,1069]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="383 - 546" refId="ref23458" refString="Stechow E. 1925. Hydroiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. In: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valdivia " 1898 - 1899. Vol. 17; p. 383 - 546. Jena: Gustav Fischer." type="journal article" year="1925">Stechow 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78B35FBC614E5FBF9" box="[789,933,1044,1069]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78B35FBC614E5FBF9" box="[789,933,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Clytia striata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78B96FBC6131AFBF9" author="Vervoort W" box="[950,1114,1044,1069]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="287 - 351" refId="ref23867" refString="Vervoort W. 1946. Exotic hydroids in the collections of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie and the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam. Zool Mededelingen. 26: 287 - 351." type="journal article" year="1946">Vervoort 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78880FBE41643FB9B" box="[160,259,1078,1103]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78880FBE41643FB9B" box="[160,259,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">L. striata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78933FBE416E3FB9B" author="Millard NAH" box="[275,419,1078,1103]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref21956" refString="Millard NAH. 1975. Monograph on the Hydroida of Southern Africa. Ann S Afr Mus. 68: 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA789F7FBE41509FB9B" authorityName="Billard" authorityYear="1904" box="[471,585,1078,1103]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gravieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA789F7FBE41509FB9B" box="[471,585,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. gravieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A7AFBE415AAFB9B" author="Billard A" box="[602,746,1078,1103]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="480 - 485" refId="ref16834" refString="Billard A. 1904. Hydroides recoltes par M. Ch. Gravier dans le Golfe de Tadjourah. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle. 10: 480 - 485." type="journal article" year="1904">Billard, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78ADBFBE414E7FB9B" author="Cornelius PFS" box="[763,935,1078,1103]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="37 - 148" refId="ref18785" refString="Cornelius PFS. 1982. Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist) Zool. 42: 37 - 148." type="journal article" year="1982">Cornelius 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)), which may contribute to long-range transport of the species. This said, the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0877A1FFCCFFA78BD7FB8B1324FBA6" baseAuthorityName="Thornely" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1015,1124,1113,1138]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Campanulariidae" genus="Clytia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="linearis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78BD7FB8B1324FBA6" box="[1015,1124,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">C. linearis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in port and bay fouling communities here, as well as on the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31F4CB2FFCCFFA78B18FBAE14D4FB41" box="[824,916,1148,1173]" name="Ecuador" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
mainland and in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CCC2C0FFCCFFA78880FB4C162BFB63" box="[160,363,1182,1207]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Galapagos Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Calder et al. 2021), leads to its interpretation as an entirely naturally distributed complex, and we thus regard it as cryptogenic in Cocos, in line with our previous categorisation for the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49CCC2C0FFCCFFA78A35FB3615CBFB29" box="[533,651,1252,1277]" country="Ecuador" name="Galapagos" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Galapagos</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Calder et al. 2021). The genetic similarity among its populations around the world further suggests relatively fluid gene flow, more likely to be achieved by ships moving between oceans than by the far more limited interoceanic movement of pteropods.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCCFFA78880FA4216DCFA7E" blockId="18.[160,1155,1424,1554]" box="[160,412,1424,1450]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97CD030FFCCFFA78880FA4216DCFA7E" bold="true" box="[160,412,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Reported distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCCFFA78880FA6616FAFA19" blockId="18.[160,1155,1424,1554]" box="[160,442,1460,1485]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">Cocos Island: first record.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB70C22FFCCFFA788E0FA051486F9C6" blockId="18.[160,1155,1424,1554]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583">
|
||
Elsewhere: taken to be circumglobal in tropical and warm-temperate waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78C1CFA051631F9C6" author="Medel MD & Vervoort W" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="1 - 68" refId="ref21550" refString="Medel MD, Vervoort W. 2000. Atlantic Haleciidae and Campanulariidae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands. Zool Verhandelingen. 330: 1 - 68." type="journal article" year="2000">Medel and Vervoort 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA7895EFA2B15E5F9C6" author="Lindner A & Migotto AE" box="[382,677,1529,1554]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="541 - 553" refId="ref21199" refString="Lindner A, Migotto AE. 2002. The life cycle of Clytia linearis and Clytia noliformis: metagenic campanulariids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) with contrasting polyp and medusa stages. J Mar Biol Assoc U K. 82: 541 - 553. doi: 10.1017 / S 0025315402005866" type="journal article" year="2002">Lindner and Migotto 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9971D3FFCCFFA78A92FA2B1436F9C6" author="Calder DR & Carlton JT & Larson K & Mallinson JJ & Choong HHC & Keith I & Ruiz GM" box="[690,886,1529,1554]" pageId="18" pageNumber="583" pagination="21 - 58" refId="ref17698" refString="Calder DR, Carlton JT, Larson K, Mallinson JJ, Choong HHC, Keith I, Ruiz GM. 2019. Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from marine fouling assemblages in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Aquat Invasions. 14: 21 - 58. doi: 10.3391 / ai. 2019.14.1.02" type="journal article" year="2019">Calder et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2021).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |