314 lines
53 KiB
XML
314 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="E7C42AC77B78927574D0023FC0C44FCD" ID-CLB-Dataset="276297" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa075" ID-GBIF-Dataset="675d3710-fbc7-4282-b8fe-6fc06786aa2b" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300479" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630096975405" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rule, James P, Adams, Justin W & Fitzgerald, Erich M G" docDate="2021" docId="C15287FEFFB2710987C6F9401A43F904" docLanguage="en" docName="zlaa075.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191 (4)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/191/4/1160/5877026" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Phocidae GEN. & SP. INDET." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" masterDocId="3D6BFF86FFB771008469FFD21815FFEE" masterDocTitle="Colonization of the ancient southern oceans by small-sized Phocidae: new evidence from Australia" masterLastPageNumber="1160" masterPageNumber="1160" pageNumber="1160" updateTime="1699150502096" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C21DC69B6D4F1FFC6B31DEE04801AA4D">Colonization of the ancient southern oceans by small-sized Phocidae: new evidence from Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D40F7737190C959CF33DDC5580D0D074">Rule, James P</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7B605E1065BEC2AC71E2F18EA6129126">Adams, Justin W</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C26CF06BD95D34AAC33C7936B2FDB061">Fitzgerald, Erich M G</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="991AE6E2F363C35C9486AA7BFC300885">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5B9E692F188F4BE204A22B434CA4A6E9">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A622D5DEE8203227BFFCF7B306A5AECF">2021-04-01</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="886775B358703B4A121D8157899A0415">191</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="85592F201119E25CE5CF65FA63B138C2">4</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="C17320E21366147A71730186D84A303B">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/191/4/1160/5877026</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="C63826536FC0430B76C4728B22D6CED1" type="CLB-Dataset">276297</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="63F02233B4F146DCBF6A74D6E37A56D9" type="DOI">10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa075</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C15287FEFFB2710987C6F9401A43F904" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217229087" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C15287FEFFB2710987C6F9401A43F904" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C15287FEFFB2710987C6F9401A43F904" lastPageId="9" pageId="5">
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<subSubSection id="01E16563FFB2710587C6F9401D1EF944" box="[943,1291,1682,1706]" pageId="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="494436E8FFB2710587C6F9401D1EF944" blockId="5.[943,1291,1682,1706]" box="[943,1291,1682,1706]" pageId="5">
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<heading id="120C8184FFB2710587C6F9401D1EF944" box="[943,1291,1682,1706]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB2710587C6F9401D1EF944" ID-CoL="625XL" authority="GEN. & SP. INDET." box="[943,1291,1682,1706]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB2710587C6F9401D1EF944" bold="true" box="[943,1291,1682,1706]" pageId="5">PHOCIDAE GEN. & SP. INDET.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="01E16563FFB271078740F9081A5CFB56" lastPageId="7" pageId="5" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="494436E8FFB271068740F9081ADFFEF6" blockId="5.[809,1425,1754,1899]" lastBlockId="6.[163,779,197,280]" lastPageId="6" pageId="5">
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB271058740F9081C34F91E" box="[809,1057,1754,1776]" italics="true" pageId="5">Referred specimens:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB271058059F9091C65F91E" box="[1072,1136,1755,1776]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="5" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P42523, metatarsal
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB271058112F9091D99F91E" box="[1403,1420,1755,1776]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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, collected by J. Dixon;
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB271058058F9281C65F8E1" box="[1073,1136,1786,1807]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="5" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P215759, metatarsal
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB271058112F9281D99F8E1" box="[1403,1420,1786,1807]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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, collected by D. Rawlings, 2002 (
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<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB2710580E6F8CA1CDAF8C0" box="[1167,1231,1816,1838]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[163,241,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[324,1283,770,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-321@6.[323,1283,769,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P42523, right metatarsal V (A, B, C), and NMV P215759, left metatarsal V (D, E, F). A and D, lateral view. B and E, dorsal view. C and F, medial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300489/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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).
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB27105808DF8CA1D34F8C3" box="[1252,1313,1816,1837]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="5" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P240711, partial interorbital region of cranium, collected by B. S. J. Francischelli, 2013 (
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<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB271058053F8871C6BF885" box="[1082,1150,1877,1899]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[145,224,575,597]" captionTargetBox="[385,1185,195,534]" captionTargetId="figure-693@7.[385,1185,195,535]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P246711, isolated interorbital region of cranium, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, left lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300491/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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).
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB2710580FFF8841CC1F885" box="[1174,1236,1878,1899]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="5" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P41759 partial sacrum collected by C. Macrae, 1980 (
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<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB171068606FF171AA6FF35" box="[623,691,197,219]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[164,242,1344,1366]" captionTargetBox="[325,1281,197,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-261@8.[323,1283,195,1305]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P47759, isolated partial sacrum, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, anterior view. E, posterior view. F, left lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300493/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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).
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB1710686A5FF141B1FFF35" box="[716,778,198,219]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P160433 eight articulated thoracic vertebrae and five ribs, collected by
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB17106850CFED11963FEF6" box="[357,374,259,280]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="6">T</collectionCode>
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. Flannery
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB171068587FED119ECFEF6" box="[494,505,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="6">c</emphasis>
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. 1975 (
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<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB171068625FED01AAFFEF6" box="[588,698,258,280]" captionStart-0="Figure 8" captionStart-1="Figure 9" captionStart-2="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="9.[144,222,1400,1422]" captionStartId-1="10.[162,240,1571,1593]" captionStartId-2="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox-0="[385,1185,195,1360]" captionTargetBox-1="[405,1203,197,1530]" captionTargetBox-2="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId-0="figure-228@9.[385,1185,195,1360]" captionTargetId-1="figure-188@10.[403,1203,195,1531]" captionTargetId-2="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="Figure 8. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433 articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs in dorsal view." captionText-1="Figure 9. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs in right lateral view." captionText-2="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300495" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300497" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5300495/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5300497/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Figs 8–10</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1D846660FFB2710584FBF8CB1ACCF884" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300487/files/figure.png" pageId="5" startId="5.[146,229,1817,1839]" targetBox="[150,756,1243,1777]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="494436E8FFB2710584FBF8CB1ACCF884" blockId="5.[145,761,1817,1898]" pageId="5">
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB2710584FBF8CB1916F8C0" bold="true" box="[146,259,1817,1839]" pageId="5">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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?
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<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB271058570F8CB1994F8C1" box="[281,385,1817,1839]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
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, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P16198, isolated upper left or lower right canine tooth, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, lingual view. B, labial view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="494436E8FFB1710784CAFE901AB9FCE5" blockId="6.[163,780,321,711]" lastBlockId="7.[145,761,665,1882]" lastPageId="7" pageId="6">
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB1710684CAFE901957FEB9" box="[163,322,322,343]" italics="true" pageId="6">D e s c r i p t i o n:</emphasis>
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N M
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB1710685EBFE901981FEB9" box="[386,404,322,343]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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P2 1 5 7 5 9 a n d N M
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB1710686E5FE901A8BFEB9" box="[652,670,322,343]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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P 4 2 5 2 3 (
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<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB1710684C5FEB218E3FE98" box="[172,246,352,374]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[163,241,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[324,1283,770,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-321@6.[323,1283,769,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P42523, right metatarsal V (A, B, C), and NMV P215759, left metatarsal V (D, E, F). A and D, lateral view. B and E, dorsal view. C and F, medial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300489/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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) are both identified as fifth metatarsals due to the irregular, asymmetrical, transversely flattened proximal end.
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB171068589FE4C1A35FE5D" box="[480,544,414,435]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P215759 is a left metatarsal
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB171068543FE6E1929FE3F" box="[298,316,444,465]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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and
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB17106851CFE6E19A6FE3F" box="[373,435,444,465]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
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P42523 is a right metatarsal
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB1710684CAFE0918A0FE1E" box="[163,181,475,496]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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, both lacking the distal articular surfaces (
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<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB1710686D0FE081AE9FE1E" box="[697,764,474,496]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="6.[163,241,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[324,1283,770,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-321@6.[323,1283,769,1807]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 5. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P42523, right metatarsal V (A, B, C), and NMV P215759, left metatarsal V (D, E, F). A and D, lateral view. B and E, dorsal view. C and F, medial view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300489/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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). The absence of the distal articular surface may represent an immature condition. However, the majority of postcrania of mature phocids (based on cranial fusion and dental eruption) is usually unfused (pers. obsv.). Both specimens are identified as pinnipeds, based on a dorsoventrally expanded proximal end [e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB1710685EDFD631BE2FF35" authority="monachus (Hermann, 1779) NHMUK" authorityName="monachus (Hermann" authorityYear="1779" baseAuthorityName="Hermann" baseAuthorityYear="1779" box="[388,1015,197,710]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Monachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monachus">
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB1710685EDFD631A6AFD28" box="[388,639,689,710]" italics="true" pageId="6">Monachus monachus</emphasis>
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(Hermann, 1779) NHMUK
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</taxonomicName>
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1958.11.26.1,
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<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB1710680DAFF171D3EFF35" box="[1203,1323,197,219]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB1710680DAFF171CE8FF34" box="[1203,1277,197,218]" italics="true" pageId="6">Phoca</emphasis>
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sp.
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB17106815FFF141DB4FF35" box="[1334,1441,198,219]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="6" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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1951.3.2.3 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB171068794FF361CC2FF17" box="[1021,1239,228,249]" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Arctocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB171068794FF361CBEFF17" box="[1021,1195,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="6">Arctocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB17106808BFF361D37FF17" box="[1250,1314,228,249]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
C 33579]. Both
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB171068715FED11BAEFEF6" box="[892,955,259,280]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
P215759 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB171068000FED11CBDFEF6" box="[1129,1192,259,280]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
P42523 are referred to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB171068731FEF31BD7FED9" box="[856,962,289,311]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the shaft being more rounded (not dorsoventrally flattened) proximally approaching the base and having a plantar tubercle that (in dorsal view) is less than 90° proximal from the proximal– distal plane. The lateral surface of the proximal end is mostly orientated laterally (similar to phocids, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB171068703FE0B1CB9FE01" authority="NMV C" authorityName="NMV C" box="[874,1196,473,495]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Hydrurga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leptonyx">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB171068703FE0B1C5EFE00" box="[874,1099,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="6">Hydrurga leptonyx</emphasis>
|
||
NMV C
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
23614 or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB171068175FE0B1C48FDE3" authority=": Hendey 1972" authorityName=": Hendey" authorityYear="1972" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Homiphoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB171068175FE0B1BB0FDE3" italics="true" pageId="6">Homiphoca capensis</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D6A4B19FFB1710687DEFE2A1C48FDE3" author="Hendey QB & Repenning CA" box="[951,1117,504,526]" pageId="6" pagination="79 - 98" refId="ref11500" refString="Hendey QB, Repenning CA. 1972. A Pliocene phocid from South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 59: 79 - 98." type="journal article" year="1972">Hendey 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), thus differing from the otariid condition (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB171068071FDC41CF8FDC2" box="[1048,1261,534,556]" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Arctocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB171068071FDC41CD7FDC5" box="[1048,1218,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="6">Arctocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB17106809FFDC51D20FDC2" box="[1270,1333,535,556]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="6" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
C33579) where the lateral surface of the base is deflected to face proximally. A slight depression on the medial surface of the base, directly medial to the plantar tubercle, is present in both specimens. In addition, there is a shallow fossa present on the lateral surface of the proximal end on the ventral side for both specimens.
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB071078535FD6A198EFD23" box="[348,411,696,717]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="7" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
P42523 is larger than
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB0710786D3FD6A1AEDFD23" box="[698,760,696,717]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="7" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
P215759 (Supporting Information, Appendix S2) and has a more ventrally developed proximal end.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1D846660FFB1710684CAF8E41B93F884" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300489" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300489/files/figure.png" pageId="6" startId="6.[163,241,1846,1868]" targetBox="[324,1283,770,1805]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB1710684CAF8E41B93F884" blockId="6.[163,1443,1846,1898]" pageId="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB1710684CAF8E4191EF8A2" bold="true" box="[163,267,1846,1868]" pageId="6">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB17106857FF8E51963F8A3" box="[278,374,1847,1869]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P42523, right metatarsal V (A, B, C), and NMV P215759, left metatarsal V (D, E, F). A and D, lateral view. B and E, dorsal view. C and F, medial view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="1D846660FFB0710784F8FDED1BC6FD9C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300491/files/figure.png" pageId="7" startId="7.[145,224,575,597]" targetBox="[385,1185,195,534]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB0710784F8FDED1BC6FD9C" blockId="7.[145,1425,575,626]" pageId="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB0710784F8FDED18EEFDBA" bold="true" box="[145,251,575,597]" pageId="7">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB07107856FFDED1972FDBB" box="[262,359,575,597]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P246711, isolated interorbital region of cranium, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, left lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB0710784C0FCC61A5CFB56" blockId="7.[145,761,665,1882]" pageId="7">
|
||
<collectionCode id="2FEAAE2DFFB0710784C0FCC618FDFCC7" box="[169,232,788,809]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="7" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
||
P240711 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078507FCC119A6FCC7" box="[366,435,787,809]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[145,224,575,597]" captionTargetBox="[385,1185,195,534]" captionTargetId="figure-693@7.[385,1185,195,535]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P246711, isolated interorbital region of cranium, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, left lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300491/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) is the interorbital region of a phocid cranium. The nasal bones are inserted medially between the frontal bones, and the lack of a supraorbital process is diagnostic for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB0710786E7FCBD192AFC4D" authority="(King, 1983 a)" baseAuthorityName="King" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
Phocidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2D6A4B19FFB0710784F3FC5C1926FC4D" author="King JE" box="[154,307,910,932]" pageId="7" refId="ref11560" refString="King JE. 1983 a. Seals of the world. London: Oxford University Press, 240." type="book" year="1983">King, 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The posterior extent of the nasal bone is preserved, along with an anterior section of the frontals. A small portion of cribriform plate and nasal turbinates of the ethmoid are preserved on the posteroventral surface; with a small section of the lateral interorbital region preserved on the dorsolateral surface of the frontal bone (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB07107861AFB941AA0FBB2" box="[627,693,1094,1116]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="7.[145,224,575,597]" captionTargetBox="[385,1185,195,534]" captionTargetId="figure-693@7.[385,1185,195,535]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 6. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P246711, isolated interorbital region of cranium, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, left lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300491/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The interorbital region must have been narrow relative to most other phocids (excluding phocins), based on the posterior tapering of the frontal bones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="01E16563FFB0710984C0FB131A43F904" lastPageId="9" pageId="7" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB0710784C0FB131A60F90E" blockId="7.[145,761,665,1882]" pageId="7">
|
||
NMV P41759 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078526FB131998FB38" box="[335,397,1217,1239]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[164,242,1344,1366]" captionTargetBox="[325,1281,197,1303]" captionTargetId="figure-261@8.[323,1283,195,1305]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P47759, isolated partial sacrum, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, anterior view. E, posterior view. F, left lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300493/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) represents the anterior portion of the body of a sacrum, with partially incomplete sacral wings. The cranial articular surface and sacral crests are missing. Identified as a phocid due to sacral wings that are orientated dorsoventrally and laterally flared. Referral to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB071078513FA8819C0FA9E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[378,469,1370,1392]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="tribe" tribe="Phocini">Phocini</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be excluded as the sacral wings are not orientated anteriorly [e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB0710786DAFAAA19EEFA43" authority="Linnaeus, 1758 NMV P" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vitulina">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB0710786DAFAAA18F9FA42" italics="true" pageId="7">Phoca vitulina</emphasis>
|
||
Linnaeus, 1758 NMV P
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
27683 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFB071078613FA451A9BFA25" authority="(Erxleben, 1777) USNM" authorityName="USNM" baseAuthorityName="Erxleben" baseAuthorityYear="1777" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Pagophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="groenlandicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFB071078613FA451952FA25" italics="true" pageId="7">Pagophilus groenlandicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Erxleben, 1777) USNM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
21532]. The dorsoventral orientation of the sacral wings is consistent across all other phocids. The promontory appears to be ovoid in shape (rather than spherical), but this may be due to the incomplete preservation of the dorsal surface. In dorsal view, the sacral foramina appear to be anteroposteriorly elongated.The auricular surface of the sacral wing appears to be concave and forms a fossa. This auricular fossa is present in most phocids and odobenids, but not in otariids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB0710784C0F93B1B84FD02" blockId="7.[145,761,665,1882]" lastBlockId="7.[809,1425,664,1882]" pageId="7">
|
||
NMV P160433 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078537F93A19DEF910" box="[350,459,1768,1790]" captionStart-0="Figure 8" captionStart-1="Figure 9" captionStart-2="Figure 10" captionStartId-0="9.[144,222,1400,1422]" captionStartId-1="10.[162,240,1571,1593]" captionStartId-2="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox-0="[385,1185,195,1360]" captionTargetBox-1="[405,1203,197,1530]" captionTargetBox-2="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId-0="figure-228@9.[385,1185,195,1360]" captionTargetId-1="figure-188@10.[403,1203,195,1531]" captionTargetId-2="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="Figure 8. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433 articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs in dorsal view." captionText-1="Figure 9. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs in right lateral view." captionText-2="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300495" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300497" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5300495/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5300497/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Figs 8–10</figureCitation>
|
||
) represents an articulated thoracic vertebral column, with eight thoracic vertebrae, four right and two left ribs preserved. The preserved thoracic vertebrae represent T7–T14, based on the identification of the fifth vertebra from the anterior end of the column (T11) as the anticlinal vertebra.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB071078728FD261D69FB59" blockId="7.[809,1425,664,1882]" pageId="7">
|
||
Overall, the column is better preserved on the right lateral side, with the posterior vertebrae being the most complete. The column is eroded on the left posterolateral side. Most of T7 and T8 are missing. Both T9 and T12 are missing a large portion of the body on the left side. The spinous processes of all vertebrae, except T11 and T12, are not preserved, with T11 being the most complete. T11 (the anticlinal vertebrae) and T14 are the most complete vertebrae. While the entire column is articulated, it is contorted both mediolaterally and dorsoventrally relative to anatomical position. Descriptions and comparisons will be from the more complete right side and limited to pre-anticlinal (T7–T10,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB07107803BFB511CDAFB76" box="[1106,1231,1155,1177]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
), anticlinal (T11,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078740FB701B9DFB59" box="[809,904,1186,1208]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and post-anticlinal (T12–T14,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078099FB701D79FB59" box="[1264,1388,1186,1208]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB071078728FB121CBAF98B" blockId="7.[809,1425,664,1882]" pageId="7">
|
||
The ribs of T9 and T10 are in articulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB07107814DFB121D97FB3B" box="[1316,1410,1216,1238]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||
), with the heads situated within the anterior costal fovea and the posterior costal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB07107808CFB2C1D5CFAFD" box="[1253,1353,1278,1300]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Due to dorsal displacement of the ribs, the tubercles are not articulated with the costal fovea of the transverse process. The tubercle is not preserved on rib 9. The transverse processes of T8–T10 are laterally separated from the anterior articular processes, supporting their identification as pre-anticlinal. On the transverse process, the mamillary process (preserved on T9) is clearly reduced, and the accessory process (preserved on T10) is underdeveloped, when contrasted to thoracic vertebrae later in the series. The posterior articular process on T7–T10 faces ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFB071088728F9BC1AA2F9EE" blockId="7.[809,1425,664,1882]" lastBlockId="8.[163,779,1453,1904]" lastPageId="8" pageId="7">
|
||
The anticlinal vertebra (T11) has an anterior articular process that contacts the anteromedial border of the mamillary process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078066F9791C65F92E" box="[1039,1136,1707,1729]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mamillary process projects anteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFB071078073F9181C95F931" box="[1050,1152,1738,1760]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
|
||
). As the section of the transverse process posterior to the transverse fovea is not preserved, the condition of the accessory process is unknown.A rib is articulated to the anterior costal fovea, and the body of T10 appears to be missing a posterior costal fovea (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFBF7108852CFA7F19BFFA2C" box="[325,426,1453,1475]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The anterior and posterior borders of the spinous process are nearly vertical. The posterior articular process faces ventrolaterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1D846660FFBF710884CDFA921C9FFA9A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300493" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300493" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300493/files/figure.png" pageId="8" startId="8.[164,242,1344,1366]" targetBox="[325,1281,197,1303]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFBF710884CDFA921C9FFA9A" blockId="8.[163,1443,1344,1396]" pageId="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBF710884CDFA921919FAB8" bold="true" box="[164,268,1344,1366]" pageId="8">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF7108857FFA921963FAB8" baseAuthorityName="King" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[278,374,1344,1366]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P47759, isolated partial sacrum, whitened with ammonium chloride. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, right lateral view. D, anterior view. E, posterior view. F, left lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFBF710884D2F9DB1CCDF9B2" blockId="8.[163,779,1453,1904]" lastBlockId="8.[827,1443,1453,1904]" pageId="8">
|
||
The anterior articular process for the postanticlinal vertebrae (T12–T14) are dorsomedially facing. This results in the anterior portion being more open than the more anterior thoracic vertebrae. The mammillary process becomes more developed moving down the column, with little separation from the anterior articular process in T13 and T14. None of the post-anticlinal vertebrae have ribs articulated or preserved. While the transverse fovea is present on T13, it is completely absent on T14 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFBF71088600F8CF1ADCF8DC" box="[617,713,1821,1843]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The accessory process is complete on both T13 and T14, but is relatively larger on T13 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D1C02A6DFFBF71088584F8881A5BF881" box="[493,590,1882,1904]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="11.[145,223,1734,1756]" captionTargetBox="[226,1343,197,1692]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[225,1345,195,1694]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 10. Phocidae, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433, close-ups of articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs. A, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 and right rib 9, showing articulated ribs. B, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 10 and 11, showing the differing associations of the mamillary process with the anterior articular process. C, lateral–ventral view of thoracic vertebrae 9 and 10 with ribs in articulation with anterior and posterior costal fovea, and 11 with rib only in articulation with the anterior costal fovea. D, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 11 (anticlinal vertebrae). E, right lateral view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14. F, dorsal view of thoracic vertebrae 13 and 14." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300499/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 10F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The accessory processes of both these vertebrae appear to be bifurcated, with a lateral and posterior facing tubercle. In ventral view, the posterior end of the body appears to be narrower than the anterior end. The posterior articular processes of the post-anticlinal thoracic vertebrae are ventrolaterally facing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFBF7109873AF9B71AB3F97B" blockId="8.[827,1443,1453,1904]" lastBlockId="9.[145,761,1479,1685]" lastPageId="9" pageId="8">
|
||
Several differences between representatives of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF71088752F9511BBDF977" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1825" box="[827,936,1667,1689]" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Otariidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF710887DAF9511CB2F977" authority="NMVC" authorityName="NMVC" box="[947,1191,1667,1689]" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Arctocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBF710887DAF9511C46F976" box="[947,1107,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8">Arctocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
NMVC
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
33579and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF71088172F9511B98F959" authority="USNM" authorityName="USNM" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Callorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBF71088172F9511DB6F976" box="[1307,1443,1667,1688]" italics="true" pageId="8">Callorhinus</emphasis>
|
||
USNM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
49439) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF71088043F9701C8DF956" baseAuthorityName="King" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1066,1176,1698,1720]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF710880C2F9701D4FF956" authority="NMV C" authorityName="NMV C" box="[1195,1370,1698,1720]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBF710880C2F9701CE1F959" box="[1195,1268,1698,1719]" italics="true" pageId="8">Phoca</emphasis>
|
||
NMV C
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
27683 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF7108871BF9131C63F938" authority="USNM" authorityName="USNM" box="[882,1142,1729,1750]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Neomonachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBF7108871BF9131C0FF938" box="[882,1050,1729,1750]" italics="true" pageId="8">Neomonachus</emphasis>
|
||
USNM
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
22543) support referral of NMV P160433 to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF71088043F90D1C83F91B" baseAuthorityName="King" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[1066,1174,1759,1781]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The accessory process of the post-anticlinal thoracic vertebrae is elongate, ‘pronged’ and well separated from the transverse process, similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBF71088079F8E91C40F8BE" box="[1040,1109,1851,1872]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Phoca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBF71088079F8E91C40F8BE" box="[1040,1109,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="8">Phoca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This contrasts with the thin and reduced accessory process seen in otariids, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBE710984DBFA1519FAFA33" authority="Cuvier, 1826" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1826" box="[178,495,1479,1501]" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Arctocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBE710984DBFA151940FA32" box="[178,341,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="9">Arctocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
Cuvier, 1826
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBE71098643FA1518DBFA12" authority="Gray, 1859" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1859" class="Mammalia" family="Otariidae" genus="Callorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBE71098643FA151AA0FA32" box="[554,693,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="9">Callorhinus</emphasis>
|
||
Gray, 1859
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Lastly, the vertical condition of the spinous process on the anticlinal vertebrae of NMV P160433 appears to be most similar to phocids (NMV C27683, USNM 22543), which have a much steeper angle than otariids (NMV C33579, USNM49439) and odobenids (USNM396932), which have a shallower angle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1D846660FFBE710984F9FAAA1CE1FA60" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300495" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300495" box="[144,1268,1400,1422]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300495/files/figure.png" pageId="9" startId="9.[144,222,1400,1422]" targetBox="[385,1185,195,1360]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFBE710984F9FAAA1CE1FA60" blockId="9.[144,1268,1400,1422]" box="[144,1268,1400,1422]" pageId="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="7B8FEAFAFFBE710984F9FAAA18EDFA63" bold="true" box="[144,248,1400,1422]" pageId="9">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBE7109856DFAAA1971FA60" baseAuthorityName="King" baseAuthorityYear="1983" box="[260,356,1400,1422]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Phocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, gen. & sp. indet., NMV P160433 articulated thoracic vertebrae and ribs in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="494436E8FFBE7109855AF9031A43F904" blockId="9.[307,598,1745,1770]" box="[307,598,1745,1770]" pageId="9">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8EFB4D6BFFBE7109855AF9031A43F904" authority="GRAY, 1869" authorityName="GRAY" authorityYear="1869" box="[307,598,1745,1770]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Monachinae">MONACHINAE GRAY, 1869</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |