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<document id="630FF6350B6735DB1B78C52F83B21A89" ID-ISSN="2201-4349" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629580321750" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cairns, S. D." docDate="2004" docId="903C80318774595AFCA0BB49FE1BFBDD" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.56.3.259-329.pdf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 56" docStyle="DocumentStyle:7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6.2:RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="7863F7301B7BEE922F541F6F9B5AEEC6" docStyleName="RecAustMus.2008-2018.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Stephanocyathus (Stephanocyathus) imperialis Cairns 2004, n.sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="286" masterDocId="6C05F849876E5941FFF1BE50FF96FF9F" masterDocTitle="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia" masterLastPageNumber="329" masterPageNumber="259" pageNumber="285" updateTime="1699080756492" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="ACC9CDA890E932ED0216D9F917CD3A0E">
<mods:title id="C71E8CC16AED1778581968A73230BAFC">The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="05E1B0DC464274913A550267D09AFBEC">Cairns, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E15229B7CA2BD6214A2CE448D4C90C34">Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="620B9B91565F3ACC705611B967E230E7">
<mods:date id="BB53762908C6E4A7963341FC369901A4">2004</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="182A31278774595BFCA0BB49FA27FAAE" blockId="26.[849,1457,1305,1329]" box="[849,1457,1305,1329]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">
<heading id="4362864B8774595BFCA0BB49FA27FAAE" box="[849,1457,1305,1329]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" reason="2">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358774595BFCA0BB49FA27FAAE" bold="true" box="[849,1457,1305,1329]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName id="DF954AA48774595BFCA0BB49FAE4FAAE" ID-CoL="52C3T" authority="Cairns, 2004" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="2004" box="[849,1394,1305,1329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imperialis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Stephanocyathus">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358774595BFCA0BB49FAE4FAAE" bold="true" box="[849,1394,1305,1329]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Stephanocyathus (Stephanocyathus) imperialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="31D2504E8774595BFA88BB49FA27FAAE" box="[1401,1457,1305,1329]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
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<subSubSection id="508F62AC8774595AFBB2BB12FE03FD5F" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" type="description">
<paragraph id="182A31278774595BFBB2BB12FB29FAC6" blockId="26.[1091,1215,1346,1369]" box="[1091,1215,1346,1369]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">
<figureCitation id="80AE2DA28774595BFBB2BB12FB29FAC6" box="[1091,1215,1346,1369]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[166,202,1793,1814]" captionTargetBox="[166,1467,151,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[166,1467,151,1776]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 4. (A, B), Paracyathus darwinensis, holotype, NTM C8139, stereo calicular and lateral views, ×7.0, 4.3, respectively (GCD=7.4 mm). (CF), Stephanocyathus imperialis, holotype, MTQ G55640, CD=22.6 mm, stereo calicular (×2.3), basal (×2.3), close-up of calicular edge (×4.6), and lateral (×2.3) views. (G, H), Trochocyathus sp. cf. T. aithoseptatus, USNM 68373, calicular stereo and lateral views, ×3.8, ×2.7, respectively (GCD=13.8 mm)" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Figs. 4CF</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="182A31278774595BFCB6BB3AFABBFA68" blockId="26.[839,1467,1386,1527]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358774595BFCB6BB3AFC66FA1D" bold="true" box="[839,1008,1386,1410]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Records/Types</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="A8FD3B7A8774595BFC0CBB3AFA21FA1E" accessionNumber="G55640" box="[1021,1463,1386,1409]" collectionCode="MTQ" collectorName="Cidaris II" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="C72E8F858774595BFC0CBB3AFBF0FA1E" box="[1021,1126,1386,1409]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectorName id="B56054F18774595BFB9FBB3AFB42FA1E" box="[1134,1236,1386,1409]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Cidaris II</collectorName>
151,
<collectionCode id="7E84A9E28774595BFAEDBB3AFACEFA1E" box="[1308,1368,1386,1409]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">MTQ</collectionCode>
G55640
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="A8FD3B7A8774595BFCB6BBD8FABFFA68" accessionNumber="G56420, G55642" collectionCode="MTQ" collectorName="Cidaris II" elevation="2450" latitude="-13.484667" location="Peninsula" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="147.21133" municipality="Coral Sea" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" specimenCode="1, USNM 1008827" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cape York" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="C72E8F858774595BFCB6BBD8FC22FA00" box="[839,948,1416,1439]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectorName id="B56054F18774595BFC4FBBD8FBB0FA00" box="[958,1062,1416,1439]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Cidaris II</collectorName>
151, 2: 1,
<collectionCode id="7E84A9E28774595BFB58BBD8FB73FA00" box="[1193,1253,1416,1439]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">MTQ</collectionCode>
G56420,
<specimenCode id="4833995C8774595BFAA0BBD8FAC9FA00" box="[1361,1375,1416,1439]" collectionCode="MTQ" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">1</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="4833995C8774595BFA9CBBD8FC3FFA23" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" type="Museum">USNM 1008827</specimenCode>
; Cidaris III, 142, 3,
<collectionCode id="7E84A9E28774595BFB6DBBF5FB4EFA23" box="[1180,1240,1445,1468]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">MTQ</collectionCode>
G55642 and 56421. Type Locality:
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<geoCoordinate id="7DA157E08774595BFB90BB92FB70FA46" box="[1121,1254,1474,1497]" degrees="147" direction="east" minutes="12.68" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" precision="9" value="147.21133">147°12.68'E</geoCoordinate>
(
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off
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<collectingRegion id="DA51FFC58774595BFA75BB92FA2DFA46" box="[1412,1467,1474,1497]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Cape</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="DA51FFC58774595BFCB6BBB0FCEDFA68" box="[839,891,1504,1527]" country="United Kingdom" name="York" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">York</collectingRegion>
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,
<collectingRegion id="DA51FFC58774595BFC0BBBB0FBE8FA68" box="[1018,1150,1504,1527]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Queensland</collectingRegion>
),
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="182A31278774595BFCB6B858FAF7F8B8" blockId="26.[839,1467,1544,2007]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358774595BFCB6B858FC5DF9BF" bold="true" box="[839,971,1544,1568]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Description</emphasis>
. Corallum bowl-shaped, almost hemispherical, the
<typeStatus id="C72E8F858774595BFC83B876FC47F9A2" box="[882,977,1574,1597]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
measuring
<quantity id="DF6D9CC28774595BFBA6B876FB2DF9A2" box="[1111,1211,1574,1597]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.26" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="22.6">22.6 mm</quantity>
in CD and
<quantity id="DF6D9CC28774595BFAB4B876FA0DF9A2" box="[1349,1435,1574,1597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="9.3">9.3 mm</quantity>
in height. Most of theca worn or chalky in texture, only a thin band 2.53.0 mm wide adjacent to calice and corresponding to the region of edge zone is smooth and porcellaneous. In well-preserved coralla, theca corresponding to C13 within the region of the edge zone bears small granules arranged in a continuous zig-zag pattern. Calice circular and coarsely serrate in lateral view, each septum rising from a equilateral triangular-shaped base (
<figureCitation id="80AE2DA28774595BFBB8B940FB08F8B8" box="[1097,1182,1808,1831]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[166,202,1793,1814]" captionTargetBox="[166,1467,151,1776]" captionTargetId="figure-6@24.[166,1467,151,1776]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 4. (A, B), Paracyathus darwinensis, holotype, NTM C8139, stereo calicular and lateral views, ×7.0, 4.3, respectively (GCD=7.4 mm). (CF), Stephanocyathus imperialis, holotype, MTQ G55640, CD=22.6 mm, stereo calicular (×2.3), basal (×2.3), close-up of calicular edge (×4.6), and lateral (×2.3) views. (G, H), Trochocyathus sp. cf. T. aithoseptatus, USNM 68373, calicular stereo and lateral views, ×3.8, ×2.7, respectively (GCD=13.8 mm)" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
). Corallum white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="182A31278774595AFC94B97EFE03FD5F" blockId="26.[839,1467,1544,2007]" lastBlockId="27.[121,749,153,704]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">
<collectingRegion id="DA51FFC58774595BFC94B97EFC37F8DA" box="[869,929,1838,1861]" country="Spain" name="Ceuta" pageId="26" pageNumber="285">Septa</collectingRegion>
hexamerally arranged in 4 to 5 cycles, the fifth cycle never complete. There seems to be no absolute relationship between CD and number of septa, at least in the
<specimenCount id="0E93FAAE8774595BFC9FB9D6FC64F802" box="[878,1010,1926,1949]" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" type="generic">6 specimens</specimenCount>
available for study, as the largest corallum (
<quantity id="DF6D9CC28774595BFCBFB9F3FC27F825" box="[846,945,1955,1978]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.34" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="23.4">23.4 mm</quantity>
in CD) has only 48 septa, whereas the smallest corallum (
<quantity id="DF6D9CC28774595BFC32B990FBB9F848" box="[963,1071,1984,2007]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8399999999999999" pageId="26" pageNumber="285" unit="mm" value="18.4">18.4 mm</quantity>
CD) has 58 septa, and those of intermediate size have a range of 42 to a maximum of 60 septa. S1 only independent septa, extending to the columella without merging with any other septa. S1 only slightly exsert (
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) and rather narrow, following the curvature of the theca, but near the columella each S1 bears 1 or more poorly differentiated paliform lobes which have highly sinuous axial edges. S2 slightly less exsert (
<quantity id="DF6D9CC28775595AFE0BBF19FDD8FEFF" box="[506,590,329,352]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
) but similar to the S1, also reaching the columella and bearing sinuous poorly-defined paliform lobe (s). Remaining septa (S35) equally exsert (
<quantity id="DF6D9CC28775595AFEECBFF1FEE2FE27" box="[285,372,417,440]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
), the S3 similar in shape to the S1 2, but their axial edges loosely merging to their adjacent S2 near the columella. If unflanked by S5, the S4 extend about 2/3 the distance to the columella before loosely fusing to their adjacent S3; if flanked by a pair of S5, the S4 are similar in size and shape to an S3, and the S5 are then the smallest septa, similar in size and shape to an unflanked S4. Fossa relatively deep, containing an elongate columella consisting of 1015 small intermingled papillae that are fused onto a circular base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="508F62AC8775595AFF88BC81FE9DFC06" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="182A31278775595AFF88BC81FE9DFC06" blockId="27.[121,749,721,921]" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFF88BC81FF76FD76" bold="true" box="[121,224,721,745]" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="DF954AA48775595AFF1ABC82FD9BFD76" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="2004" box="[235,525,722,745]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imperialis">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFF1ABC82FD9BFD76" box="[235,525,722,745]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">Stephanocyathus imperialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the three other congenerics known from the
<collectingCountry id="608271B78775595AFDFDBCBFFDE4FC99" box="[524,626,751,774]" name="Australia" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">Australia</collectingCountry>
region (
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFD29BCBFFEAAFCBB" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">
<taxonomicName id="DF954AA48775595AFD29BCBFFF2BFCBB" authorityName="Cairns &amp; Zibrowius" authorityYear="1997" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="regius">S. regius</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="DF954AA48775595AFF36BD5DFEAAFCBB" authorityName="SA Tas Vic NSW" baseAuthorityName="Moseley" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[199,316,781,804]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="platypus">S. platypus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFE87BD5DFE15FCBB" box="[374,387,781,804]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">S</emphasis>
. sp. sensu Cairns &amp; Parker, 1992) in having poorly-developed, highly sinuous paliform lobes; a coarsely serrate calicular edge; and a smaller corallum with fewer septa. It is also found much deeper than the other three species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="508F62AC8775595AFF88BDFAFD7BFC63" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="182A31278775595AFF88BDFAFD7BFC63" blockId="27.[121,749,938,1020]" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFF88BDFAFF6FFC5D" bold="true" box="[121,249,938,962]" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">Etymology</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="DF954AA48775595AFEFABDFBFE5CFC5E" authority=", Latin" authorityName="Latin" box="[267,458,938,962]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Stephanocyathus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imperialis">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFEFABDFBFEEBFC5D" box="[267,381,939,962]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">imperialis</emphasis>
, Latin
</taxonomicName>
for “of the emperor”, in keeping with the names of several other species in this genus, as well as the genus name, that relate to aspects of royalty.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="508F62AC8775595AFF88BA5DFE1BFBDD" pageId="27" pageNumber="286" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="182A31278775595AFF88BA5DFE1BFBDD" blockId="27.[121,749,1037,1090]" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">
<emphasis id="2AE1ED358775595AFF88BA5DFE95FBBA" bold="true" box="[121,259,1037,1061]" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">Distribution</emphasis>
. Known only from the Coral Sea off
<collectingRegion id="DA51FFC58775595AFD71BA5EFD21FBBA" box="[640,695,1038,1061]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">Cape</collectingRegion>
<collectingRegion id="DA51FFC58775595AFD48BA5EFD7BFBBA" box="[697,749,1038,1061]" country="United Kingdom" name="York" pageId="27" pageNumber="286">York</collectingRegion>
Peninsula,
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>