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<document id="DA6D0652347093B3BC3CDB25BA12751B" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630256240807" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Forero, D." docDate="2008" docId="6F4442072554FF868B0CFD7CFCF11898" docLanguage="en" docName="B312.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (312)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2B34016C1EBFE58B07368F9517618743.3:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.journal_article.0cover.type1" docStyleId="2B34016C1EBFE58B07368F9517618743" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.journal_article.0cover.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Aoplonemella Forero 2008, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="937D3A7F2561FFBE881AFF9DFFA81B4E" masterDocTitle="Revision And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Hadronema Group (Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini), With Descriptions Of New Genera And New Species, And Comments On The Neotropical Genus Tupimiris" masterLastPageNumber="172" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1699199299462" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="68929F5D6AF8BE5CBCB7B370DC502451">Revision And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The Hadronema Group (Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini), With Descriptions Of New Genera And New Species, And Comments On The Neotropical Genus Tupimiris</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3E00DCCB5BEB241AF49A2ED949B864B4">Forero, D.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="6F4442072554FF868B0CFD7CFCF11898" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6F4442072554FF868B0CFD7CFCF11898" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6F4442072554FF868B0CFD7CFCF11898" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2554FF8B8B0CFD7CFB8619B9" box="[790,1070,737,760]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E752F3112554FF8B8B0CFD7CFB8619B9" blockId="53.[790,1070,737,760]" box="[790,1070,737,760]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<heading id="BC1A447D2554FF8B8B0CFD7CFB8619B9" box="[790,1070,737,760]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922554FF8B8B0CFD7CFC1919B6" ID-CoL="XYQ" ID-ENA="2868489" authority="Forero, 2008" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" box="[790,945,737,760]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8B0CFD7CFC1919B6" bold="true" box="[790,945,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Aoplonemella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEAA92782554FF8B8BDBFD7FFB8619B9" box="[961,1070,738,759]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2554FF8B8A81FC8DFB02186C" box="[667,1194,783,803]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E752F3112554FF8B8A81FC8DFB02186C" blockId="53.[667,1194,783,803]" box="[667,1194,783,803]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus id="38564DB32554FF8B8A81FC8DFD78186D" box="[667,720,784,803]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922554FF8B8B30FC92FB0E186C" authority="Van Duzee, 1910" authorityName="Van Duzee" authorityYear="1910" box="[810,1190,783,803]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Hadronema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8B30FC92FC43186C" box="[810,1003,783,803]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hadronema festiva</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="837C8EE02554FF8B8BEBFC8DFB0E186C" author="Van Duzee, E. P." box="[1009,1190,783,803]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" pagination="73 - 88" refId="ref130931" refString="Van Duzee, E. P. 1910. Descriptions of some new or unfamiliar North American Hemiptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 36: 73 - 88." type="journal article" year="1910">Van Duzee, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2554FF8B8AA2FCA7FC5A1E31" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E752F3112554FF8B8AA2FCA7FBFA1F72" blockId="53.[667,1194,826,1759]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the strongly rounded frons and convex vertex (fig. 15A); the metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area and peritreme absent (fig. 15B); the single vesical spicule without apical processes (fig. 17); the clam-shaped sclerotized rings of the dorsal labiate plate (fig. 18); the relatively long tarsi (fig. 15F); and the vestiture composed of simple semidecumbent setae (fig. 15D).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E752F3112554FF8B8AA2FBDEFC5A1E31" blockId="53.[667,1194,826,1759]" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922554FF8B8AA2FBDEFCFB1F14" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" box="[696,851,1091,1114]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8AA2FBDEFCFB1F14" box="[696,851,1091,1114]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Aoplonemella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be confused with
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922554FF8B8C65FBD9FD521F36" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8C65FBD9FD521F36" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Aoplonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the head structure and lack of fore femoral modifications in males, but it is easily separated by the presence of a single unornamented spicule without prolongations or rami, and by the vestiture consisting of simple semierect setae. From all of the other genera of the
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922554FF8B8B4BFA8DFC7F1E69" box="[849,983,1296,1319]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Hadronema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8B4BFA8DFC7F1E69" box="[849,983,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Hadronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group,
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922554FF8B8C58FA8DFD701E0B" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8C58FA8DFD701E0B" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Aoplonemella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily identified by the distinctive coloration, relatively small size, and structure of male and female genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2554FF868AA2FA18FE691FE6" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="E752F3112554FF898AA2FA18FC821F81" blockId="53.[667,1194,826,1759]" lastBlockId="55.[667,1194,213,1759]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
DESCRIPTION:
<emphasis id="D5992F032554FF8B8B76FA1BFC191ED3" box="[876,945,1414,1437]" italics="true" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Male:</emphasis>
Small, robust, total length 2.533.52. COLORATION: Overall black coloration with orange and pale markings on hemelytra (fig. 1). SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Surface dull, beset with dense macrotrichia; vestiture composed of sparse, long, simple semierect setae (fig. 15D). STRUCTURE: HEAD (fig. 15A): Transverse, nearly rounded in lateral view, not strongly declivent; clypeus weakly protruding basally, barely visible from above, two lateral longitudinal and one small basal area of shiny irregular spots; frons extremely convex, nearly hemispherical, two lateral areas of oblique shiny lines; vertex weakly convex, paired rounded shiny areas next to eyes in front of ocular carina; frons and vertex with scattered short simple setae; transverse carina distinct but not strongly elevated, with a row of simple short suberect setae; mandibular and maxillary plates occupying nearly half the height of head, apex broadly rounded; buccula narrow, neither enlarged nor laterally produced; gena with a few rather long simple setae; gula very small, almost concealed; eyes small, ovoid in lateral view, hemispherical in dorsal view, barely reaching dorsal margin of head; labrum narrow, acute, about as long as buccula; labium barely surpassing procoxa, not reaching mesocoxa, uniformly setose, segments III dull, IIIIV shiny; antennal segments nearly of equal diameter, segment I weakly wider than II, I shorter than II, II and III subequal in length, IV the shortest. THO- RAX: Collar narrow, flat; pronotum trapezoidal, weakly inclined, anterior margin weakly emarginate, posterior margin straight, lateral margins straight and gently rounded laterally, not marginate, anterior angles rounded, posterior angles oblique, broadly rounded; calli flat, nearly not distinct, with irregular shiny spots; mesoscutum usually covered by posterior margin of pronotum; scutellum triangular, nearly equilateral, disc weakly convex, nearly flat; pleural area with a few scattered simple setae; proepisternum not projected laterally; metepisternum covered with dense very short macrotrichia; metathoracic scent-gland evaporatory area and peritreme absent (fig. 15B); prosternum glabrous.
<emphasis id="D5992F032556FF898847FC53FF7718AB" box="[93,223,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Hemelytra:</emphasis>
Lateral margins gently curved; clavus barely elevated with respect to corium; corium gently deflexed laterally from medial fracture; cuneus weakly deflexed laterally; membrane half as long as hemelytron.
<emphasis id="D5992F032556FF898A36FBD8FDC41F14" box="[556,620,1093,1114]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Legs:</emphasis>
Coxae elongate, with short simple setae, more dense on anterior surface; trochanters ovoid, with simple setae as long as trochanter width, longer on mesotrochanter; femora of subequal length, nearly cylindrical, weakly compressed anteroposteriorly, gently narrowing apically (fig. 15F), metafemur barely longer than pro- and mesofemur, profemur with sparse short setae, meso- and metafemur on basal half with dense simple erect setae, nearly as long as femoral width; tibiae straight, cylindrical, nearly as long as femora (fig. 15F), metatibia barely longer than metafemur; tarsi narrow, long, about half as long as tibiae, first tarsomere the shortest, second longer than first, third about as long as first and second together; pretarsus as in figure 15C. ABDOMEN: Beset with sparse very short and delicate simple setae. GENITALIA: Genital capsule subtriangular, about as long as wide (figs. 15E, 16); aperture inclined, small, narrow, anterior margin not well sclerotized (fig. 16); ventrolateral right side of genital capsule with a small blunt projection (fig. 16); proctiger barely reaching apex of genital capsule (fig. 15E); supragenital bridge well sclerotized, thick, located above insertions of parameres (fig. 16); cuplike sclerite not projecting beyond apex of the genital capsule, left and right portions about the same length and height, bases not projected cephalad beyond supragenital bridge (fig. 16); insertion of right paramere weakly above left (figs. 15E, 16); left paramere sickle-shaped, body elongate, apicoventral process acute (fig. 16); right paramere hatchet-shaped in medial view, body elongat- ed, apex flattened and nearly capitate, broadly rounded, medial surface covered with numerous small denticles, tubercle on dorsal angle directed medially, broad and rounded (fig. 16); phallotheca nearly cylindrical, without any protuberances, well sclerotized dorsally, weakly so proximoventrally, distoventrally well sclerotized forming a small convex area (fig. 17), opening small, nearly vertical and circular, weakly turned left; vesica composed of a single flattened spicule, located just before middle of sclerotized part of ductus seminis, spicule usually narrow, subparallel or weakly curved, apex varying from nearly rounded to acute or nearly truncate, relative length varying from shorter than sclerotized part of ductus seminis to about the same length (fig. 17); sclerotized part of ductus seminis long, nearly reaching apex of phallotheca.
</paragraph>
<caption id="B392A3992557FF88888CFA56FC431EB7" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" startId="54.[150,188,1483,1502]" targetBox="[131,1224,210,1453]" targetPageId="54">
<paragraph id="E752F3112557FF88888CFA56FB641E90" blockId="54.[128,1228,1482,1529]" box="[150,1228,1482,1502]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
Fig. 15.
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922557FF8888E7FA57FE661E90" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Van Duzee" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[253,462,1482,1502]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF8888E7FA57FE661E90" box="[253,462,1482,1502]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Aoplonemella festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF8889C1FA56FE451E90" bold="true" box="[475,493,1483,1502]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">A</emphasis>
. Head, lateral view.
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF888AD8FA56FD7A1E90" bold="true" box="[706,722,1483,1502]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">B</emphasis>
. Mesepimeron and metepisternum.
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF888C5CFA56FBF01E90" bold="true" box="[1094,1112,1483,1502]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">C</emphasis>
. Pretarsus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E752F3112557FF88889AFA7BFC431EB7" blockId="54.[128,1228,1482,1529]" box="[128,1003,1510,1529]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF88889AFA7BFF3B1EB7" bold="true" box="[128,147,1510,1529]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">D</emphasis>
. Vestiture on hemelytron.
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF8889B4FA7BFE161EB7" bold="true" box="[430,446,1510,1529]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">E</emphasis>
. Genital capsule in posterior view.
<emphasis id="D5992F032557FF888B2DFA7BFCEE1EB7" bold="true" box="[823,838,1510,1529]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">F</emphasis>
. Foreleg, male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E752F3112556FF868AA2FB4BFE691FE6" blockId="55.[667,1194,213,1759]" lastBlockId="56.[128,654,813,1759]" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="D5992F032556FF898AA2FB4BFCBB1FA3" box="[696,787,1238,1261]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Female:</emphasis>
Similar to male, weakly ovoid, total length 2.553.88. COLORATION: Similar to male (fig. 1). SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Legs with shorter and less dense setae as in male. STRUCTURE: THO- RAX:
<emphasis id="D5992F032556FF898AFAFAF7FC881E31" box="[736,800,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Legs:</emphasis>
Femora with short and sparse setae. ABDOMEN: Sternites with dense medium-sized setae. GENITALIA (fig. 18): Subgenital plate as long as wide, gently converging apically, apex rounded, reaching middle of sternite VIII; base of ovipositor located nearly at longitudinal midpoint of abdomen; interramal sclerites oblong, narrow, close to dorsal margin of posterior wall; dorsal lobes of interramal sclerites very small, rounded, nearly not pedunculate and close to sigmoid process, sparse microtrichia on surface; sigmoid process covered with acute micro- trichia; medial process neither distinct nor sclerotized; dorsal labiate plate without any sclerotized modified structures; sclerotized rings heavily sclerotized, lateral margins wide, forming a nearly concave surface each, anteromedial and posterior margin not sclerotized, overall shape clamlike, lateral accessory sclerite not present; internal surface of seminal depository between lateral margins of sclerotized rings covered with small microtrichia; ventral labiate plate and anterior wall membranous; inner margin of first gonapophyses symmetrical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="B392A3992559FF86888CFD56FD6819B7" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" startId="56.[150,188,715,734]" targetBox="[146,1210,211,685]" targetPageId="56">
<paragraph id="E752F3112559FF86888CFD56FD6819B7" blockId="56.[128,1227,714,761]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
Fig. 16.
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF8688E4FD57FE781990" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Van Duzee" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[254,464,714,734]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="D5992F032559FF8688E4FD57FE781990" box="[254,464,714,734]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Aoplonemella festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Male genitalia: genital capsule, posterior and dorsal views; right and left parameres, dorsomedial and dorsal views, respectively.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2559FF868886FB33FD821FAA" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E752F3112559FF868886FB33FD821FAA" blockId="56.[128,654,813,1759]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
DISTRIBUTION: Known from southwestern
<collectingCountry id="9FFAB3812559FF86889AFB53FF131FAD" box="[128,187,1230,1251]" name="United States of America" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">USA</collectingCountry>
and northern
<collectingCountry id="9FFAB3812559FF86897DFB53FE161FAA" box="[359,446,1230,1252]" name="Mexico" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(fig. 19).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2559FF868886FB77FE921E15" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="E752F3112559FF868886FB77FE921E15" blockId="56.[128,654,813,1759]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
HOST ASSOCIATIONS:
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF8689BFFB71FDE81E4D" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" box="[421,576,1260,1283]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032559FF8689BFFB71FDE81E4D" box="[421,576,1260,1283]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Aoplonemella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be associated with species of
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF868A12FA97FD211E51" box="[520,649,1290,1311]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
, although most of the specimens studied lack host-plant data.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2559FF868886FAFFFD251D40" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E752F3112559FF868886FAFFFD251D40" blockId="56.[128,654,813,1759]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
ETYMOLOGY: The generic name is formed from the combination of the generic name
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF868894FA02FEA61EF8" box="[142,270,1439,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032559FF868894FA02FEA61EF8" box="[142,270,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Aoplonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Latin diminutive suffix -ella, due to the resemblance with
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF868A5BFA21FF141EBE" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032559FF868A5BFA21FF141EBE" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Aoplonema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the relative small size of the
<typeStatus id="38564DB32559FF868A46FA46FD261EBE" box="[604,654,1499,1520]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
species of the genus. The gender is feminine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AFF7A09A2559FF868886F988FCF11898" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E752F3112559FF868886F988FCF11898" blockId="56.[128,654,813,1759]" lastBlockId="56.[701,1228,813,983]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
DISCUSSION:
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF868926F98BFD811D62" authorityName="Forero" authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Van Duzee" baseAuthorityYear="2008" box="[316,553,1558,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Aoplonemella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="festiva">
<emphasis id="D5992F032559FF868926F98BFD811D62" box="[316,553,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Aoplonemella festiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exhibits a relatively derived morphology, in particular the male and female genitalia, in respect to the other members of the
<taxonomicName id="20ED88922559FF8689A8F9F2FD901DC8" box="[434,568,1647,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Hadronema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hemiptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D5992F032559FF8689A8F9F2FD901DC8" box="[434,568,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Hadronema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group. The vesica is simple and not ornamented with spines (fig. 17), the females have the dorsal lobe of interramal sclerite broadly rounded (fig. 18), and the sclerotized rings are clamshaped (fig. 18, small arrow). However, other morphological characters such as the structure of the parameres (fig. 16) and the simple vestiture relate this genus with other genera of the group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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