222 lines
16 KiB
XML
222 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482" ID-GBIF-Dataset="36e5551d-3881-45a2-810a-386e517c86fc" ID-PMC="PMC3867181" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-363-1" ID-PubMed="24363601" ID-ZBK="780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-363-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 363" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" checkinTime="1451246560986" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mathis, Wayne N. & Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz" docDate="2013" docId="9FF694F4A107091DC05FAEED47A32B5B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 363: 1-161" docOrigin="ZooKeys 363" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482" docTitle="Hydrochasma sagittarium Mathis & Zatwarnicki, 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="435DD268-B483-4536-A11A-1271A4349ABF" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="FFF2FFCA0333765855689824FFCDB839" masterDocTitle="A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)" masterLastPageNumber="161" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1668157177207" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the shore-fly genus Hydrochasma Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>363</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>161</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.363.6482</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-363-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">780695A9CB2E4FECA0560BA6F456185E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152050151" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:435DD268-B483-4536-A11A-1271A4349ABF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9FF694F4A107091DC05FAEED47A32B5B" lastPageId="104" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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34.
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/435DD268-B483-4536-A11A-1271A4349ABF" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sagittarium" order="Diptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarium">Hydrochasma sagittarium</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="102" pageNumber="103">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 191-195
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="103" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="103" lastPageNumber="104" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
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This species is distinguished from other congeners by the following combination of characters: Small shore flies, body length 1.35-1.75 mm.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="103" pageNumber="104" start="start">Head</pageBreakToken>
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: Antenna mostly dark gray; parafacial silvery white, concolorous with facial coloration; gena comparatively short, gena-to-eye ratio 0.10-0.11. Thorax: Wing with costal vein ratio 0.67-0.70; M vein ratio 0.49-0.52. Forecoxa mostly yellowish orange; tergites 1-4 blackish gray dorsally. Abdomen: Tergites 1-4 broadly slate black on dorsum with sharply demarked gray lateral margin, without wedges, and gray ventral surface, tergite 5 of male gray with slate-black posterior margin. Male terminalia (Figs 191-194): Epandrium generally elongate and setulose, in posterior view (Fig. 191) with dorsal arch attenuate, not connected, dorsal 2/3-3/4 narrowly diamond shaped, widest just ventrad of cerci, thereafter ventrally tapered to arrow-shaped apex, arrow-shaped apex with length twice width, apex with narrowly incised medially, in lateral view (Fig. 192) narrowly elongate, mostly parallel sided, slightly wider at beginning of arrow-shaped apex, apex narrowly rounded; cerci elongate, length about 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, medial margin shallowly sinuous (Fig. 191), dorsal apex pointed, oriented medially, narrowly hemispherical, in lateral view (Fig. 192) more robust than posterior view, length slightly more than twice width; aedeagus in lateral view (Fig. 194) relatively simple, narrowly tubular, length 11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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width, in ventral view (Fig. 193) also tubular; phallapodeme in lateral view (Fig. 194) linear, conspicuously curved, more so toward hypandrium, extended keel narrow and short, as a slight bump, in ventral view (Fig. 193) narrowly Y-shaped with arms short; gonite in lateral view (Fig. 194) narrowly elongate, bar-like, very shallowly curved, in ventral view (Fig. 193) more robustly developed, with end toward aedeagal base curved medially; hypandrium in lateral view (Fig. 194) with posterior 1/3 narrow, rod-like, anterior 2/3 with width nearly equal to that of aedeagus, in ventral view (Fig. 193) a deeply incised plate, anterior margin broadly rounded, posterior extensions curved slightly laterally.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Figures 191-194.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sagittarium" order="Diptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarium">Hydrochasma sagittarium</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (Brazil.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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: Morretes) 191 epandrium and cerci, posterior view 192 same, lateral view 193 internal structures of male terminalia (aedeagus [shaded], phallapodeme, gonite, hypandrium), ventral view 194 same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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The holotype male of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sagittarium" order="Diptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarium">Hydrochasma sagittarium</taxonomicName>
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is labeled "TOBAGO. St. John: Parlatuvier (creek;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="11.298333">11°17.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 14 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis/USNM ENT 00117966 [plastic bar code label]/HOLOTYPE ♂
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sagittarium" order="Diptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarium">Hydrochasma sagittarium</taxonomicName>
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Mathis & Zatwarnicki, USNM [red]." The holotype is double mounted (minuten in a block of plastic), is in excellent condition, and is deposited in the USNM. Nine paratypes (8♂, 1♀; USNM) bear the same label data as the holotype. Other paratypes are as follows: TRINIDAD and TOBAGO. St. George: Arima (8 km N;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.683333">10°41'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-61.3">61°18'W</geoCoordinate>
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), Verdant Vale, 19 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (8♂, 3♀; USNM). St. John: Charlotteville (2 km S;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.316667">11°19'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.55">60°33'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 10 Jun 1993, 1994, W. N. Mathis (2♂, 3♀; USNM) Speyside (1 km NW; Doctor River;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="11.3">11°18'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.533333">60°32'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 12-13 Jun 1993, W. N. Mathis (4♂, 5♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Trinidad and Tobago. Tobago: St. John: Parlatuvier (creek;
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="11.298333">11°17.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-60.583332">60°35'W</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="other specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Neotropical. BELIZE. Stann Creek: Sittee Point (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="16.81">16°48.6'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.25833">88°15.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 28 Apr 1987, R. Faitoute, P. S. Spangler (1♂, 3♀; USNM); Twin Cays, West Bay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="16.833334">16°50'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-88.1">88°06'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 22 May 1988, W. N. Mathis (1♀; USNM); Wee Wee Cay (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="16.765">16°45.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-88.14333">88°08.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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), 6-9 Nov 1987, D. and W. N. Mathis (3♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus, INPA (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-3.0983334">03°05.9'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-59.985">59°59.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 60 m), 4 May 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; INPA, USNM); Reserva Ducke (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-2.93">02°55.8'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-59.975">59°58.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 40 m), 5 May 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♀; INPA, USNM).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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: Antonina (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.451666">25°27.1'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-48.685">48°41.1'W</geoCoordinate>
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; beach; Ponta da Pita), 15 Feb 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM);
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bocaiúva">Bocaiuva</normalizedToken>
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do Sul (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.276667">25°16.6'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-48.975">48°58.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 770 m), 16 Feb 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂; DZUP, USNM); Curitiba, Universidade Federal do
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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, Reserva
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Biológica">Biologica</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.448334">25°26.9'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-49.233334">49°14'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 915 m), 9-11 Dec 2009, D. and W. N. Mathis (1♂, 2♀; DZUP, USNM); Prainha (5 km S Matinhos;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-25.853333">25°51.2'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-48.56">48°33.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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; beach), 15 Nov 2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (2♂; DZUP, USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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COSTA RICA.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
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: Parque Nacional Barbilla, Sector Casas Negras, Orilla
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Dantas (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="9.996667">09°59.8'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-83.43667">83°26.2'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 300 m), 15 Dec 2002, E. Rojas (1♂; INBio).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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ECUADOR. Napo: San Francisco de Borja (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-0.42333332">0°25.4'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-77.84167">77°50.5'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 1610 m), 17 Jan 1978, W. N. Mathis (1♂; USNM). Pastaza:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Puyo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-1.6666667">01°40'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-77.916664">77°55'W</geoCoordinate>
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), R. Levi-Castillo (9♂, 11♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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PERU. Cuzco: Paucartambo, Atalaya (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Alto Madre de Dios;
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="-12.885">12°53.1'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-71.36">71°21.6'W</geoCoordinate>
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; 600 m), 4 Sep 1988, W. N. Mathis (3♂, 14♀; USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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(Fig. 195). Neotropical: Belize (Stann Creek), Brazil (Amazonas,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
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), Ecuador (Napo, Pastaza), Peru (Cuzco), Trinidad and Tobago.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
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Figure 195. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Hydrochasma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrochasma sagittarium" order="Diptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sagittarium">Hydrochasma sagittarium</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="103" pageNumber="104">The species epithet, sagittarium, is of Latin derivation and means arrow, referring to arrow-like apex of the epandrium.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="104" pageNumber="105" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Although similar to several species in the leucoproctum group, this species is distinguished from all others by the distinctly arrowhead-shaped ventral portion of the ventral epandrial process and the deeply V-shaped hypandrium with delicately developed arms. In addition the arched and thinly develop phallapodeme that has a small projection near its midlength is diagnostic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |