232 lines
22 KiB
XML
232 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075" ID-GBIF-Dataset="718cdf1f-ce26-44fd-a822-381cb8f5605b" ID-PMC="PMC3208533" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-143-47" ID-PubMed="22144866" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-143-47" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 143" ModsDocTitle="The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" checkinTime="1451249721601" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mawdsley, Jonathan R., Erwin, Terry L., Sithole, Hendrik, Mawdsley, James L. & Mawdsley, Alice S." docDate="2011" docId="0B293C0154BAFC0D13E61CCA1403D104" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 143: 47-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 143" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075" docTitle="Anthia maxillosa Fabricius 1781" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="55" masterDocId="6050B464FFE1D36FAE76CE32FF60532B" masterDocTitle="The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1668152558385" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The genus Anthia Weber in the Republic of South Africa, Identification, distribution, biogeography, and behavior (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mawdsley, Jonathan R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Erwin, Terry L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sithole, Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mawdsley, James L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mawdsley, Alice S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>143</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>47</mods:start>
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<mods:end>81</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.143.2075</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-143-47</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031833" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B293C0154BAFC0D13E61CCA1403D104" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B293C0154BAFC0D13E61CCA1403D104" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Anthia_maxillosa" authority="Fabricius, 1781" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1781" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa (Fabricius, 1781)</taxonomicName>
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Figures 12-17293337
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carabus maxillosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Carabus maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius (1781:298).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia atra" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atra">Anthia atra</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir (1843:717); synonymized by
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Péringuey">Peringuey</normalizedToken>
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(1896:372).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia fabricii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fabricii">Anthia fabricii</taxonomicName>
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Crotch (1871:3) (unnecessary replacement name).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Type Locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">"Cap. bon. sp." (= Cape of Good Hope).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="type depository">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Type Depository.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carabus maxillosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Carabus maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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, Zoological Museum of the University of Copenhagen;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia atra" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atra">Anthia atra</taxonomicName>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
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National
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
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Naturelle, Paris.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
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Easily separated from sympatric species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthia</taxonomicName>
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by the lack of patterned setae on the pronotum and elytra. Scattered white setae may be present along
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="53" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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elytral margins in unrubbed specimens, but these do not form the distinct bands that are found in the other South African
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthia</taxonomicName>
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species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Body size massive, length of male 42.0-45.0 mm (exclusive of mandibles), length of female 40.5-45.8 mm. Integument black.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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Head elongate, prognathous. Mandibles sexually dimorphic and as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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except that the left mandible of the male is more markedly recurved. Length of right mandible in male 9.3-12.6 mm. Palpi as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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except terminal maxillary palpomere more markedly securiform. Antennae as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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, including vestiture. Eyes, frons, and vertex as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
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Pronotum cordiform, lateral flanges present but not as broadly expanded as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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, pronotum still broader than head in both sexes. Form of pronotal base is sexually dimorphic as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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, with the apical margins of the flanges in male oblique or slightly curved. Pronotum lacking dorsal setae, surface smooth and shining, with scattered small round punctures. Scutellum as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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. Elytra ovate,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="54" start="start">markedly</pageBreakToken>
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convex. Elytral surface sculpture as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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; vestiture in unrubbed specimens composed of scattered brown setae dorsally and a few scattered white setae laterally, never forming well-defined bands. Apex of elytra rounded in females, slightly more pointed in males. Femora and tibiae as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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except with scattered stout black setae. Tarsi as described for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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including sexual dimorphism.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
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Abdomen as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia thoracica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">Anthia thoracica</taxonomicName>
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except abdominal sterna not as markedly wrinkled laterally. Abdominal sternum VII broadly emarginate at apex in male, broadly rounded at apex in female. Male aedeagus elongate, slender (Figure 29).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
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Figures 12-17. Four adult males (7-15) and two adult females (16-17) of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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(Fabricius), showing variation in male mandible length, in the size of the pronotal flanges in males, and in body size in both sexes. 12 male, Reichsfontein Gate, Richtersveld National Park, Northern Cape Province, RSA, TMSA 13 male, Free State Province, RSA, NMNH 14 male, Namaqualand, Waterval Farm, Northern Cape Province, RSA, TMSA 15 male, Calvinia, Northern Cape Province, RSA, TMSA 16 female, Willowmore, Eastern Cape Province, RSA, TMSA 17 female, Grootmist, North West Province, RSA, NMNH.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Males exhibit considerable variation in the size and length of mandibles and in the size of the basal flange on the pronotum (Figures 7-15). Females also exhibit some variability in overall body size (Figures 16-17).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="adult activity patterns">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Adult activity patterns.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Unimodal, with greatest activity August-October (Figure 37).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Material Examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
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235 pinned adult specimens from the following localities: Republic of South Africa: Eastern Cape Province: 20 miles S Aberdeen, Aberdeen-Beaufort West, Despatch, Grahamstown, Willowmore. Free State Province: Bothaville, no locality specified. Limpopo Province: Grootdraai, Zoutpansberg. Mpumalanga Province: Barberton, Lydenburg. Northern Cape Province: Calvinia, 30 km W Calvinia, De Aar, Duineveld near Stampriet, Kenhardt, Marydale, Nieuwoudtville, Nossob Camp in Kalahari Park, Pofadder, Strydenburg, Van
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rhyn’s">Rhyn's</normalizedToken>
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Pass, Victoria West. Namaqualand region [in Northern Cape]: Braakrivier Mouth, Dikdoorn Farm, Gemsbokvlakte Farm, Harslagkop, Hoekbaai, Katdoringvlei, Klein Kogel Fontein, Kotzesrus, Nababiep, Oograbies, 36 miles E Port Nolloth, Port Nolloth, Quaggasfontein, Rietport Farm, Rooidam Farm, 9 miles S Springbok, 18 km S Springbok, 50 km E Springbok, Springbok-Mesklip, Stallberg Valley, Stinkfontein, 3 km NW Titiesbagi, Vogelklip, Waterval Farm, Wildpaarde Hoek. Richtersveld region [in Northern Cape]: Brakfontein, Buffelsriver valley, Helskloof, Holgat Mouth, 10 W Kuboos, Manganese Mine, Reichsfontein Gate in Richtersveld National Park. North West Province: Grootmist, Haartebeespoort Dam. Western Cape Province: Cape Town, Cedarberg, Koekenaap, Kookfontein, Longkloof, Matiesfontein, Skulpbaai, Touws River, Vanwyksfontein, Zwartskraal farm. [Additional material was examined from Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe.]
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="notes on taxonomy">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Notes on Taxonomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
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There has been considerable confusion in the literature and in collections regarding the identity of this species. Most of the confusion is the result of various authors mistakenly associating the name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carabus maxillosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Carabus maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius (1781:298) with the name
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Manticora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Manticora maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Manticora maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius (1781:320). These two names were proposed in separate genera and the identities of the taxa to which these names refer are quite clear from the original descriptions.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carabus maxillosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Carabus maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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is said to have glabrous elytra and two projecting
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“lamellae”">"lamellae"</normalizedToken>
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on the base of the thorax; the term
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“lamellae”">"lamellae"</normalizedToken>
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accurately describes the modified basal flanges of the pronotum in males of this species, a feature which places this taxon into the modern carabid genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthia</taxonomicName>
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. In contrast,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Manticora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Manticora maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Manticora maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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is said to have mandibles with a basal tooth and elytra with serrate lateral margins and small tubercles on the
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="55" start="start">disc</pageBreakToken>
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, features which are not found in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthia</taxonomicName>
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but which are commonly encountered in the modern-day sympatric cicindeline genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Manticora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Manticora" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Manticora</taxonomicName>
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F. These two names appear in other, subsequent works by Fabricius but there is always a clear distinction between
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carabus maxillosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Carabus maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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with its basal pronotal flanges (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Fabricius 1787</bibRefCitation>
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:194;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Fabricius 1801</bibRefCitation>
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:220, as
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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following
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<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Weber 1801</bibRefCitation>
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:17) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Manticora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Manticora maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Manticora maxillosa</taxonomicName>
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with its scabrous elytra (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Fabricius 1787</bibRefCitation>
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:220;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Fabricius 1801</bibRefCitation>
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:167).
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<bibRefCitation author="Crotch, GR" journalOrPublisher="Privately published, Cambridge (U. K.)" pageId="28" pageNumber="75" title="List of all the Coleoptera described A. D. 1758 - 1821, referred to their modern genera." year="1871">Crotch (1871)</bibRefCitation>
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erroneously considered
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carabus maxillosus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosus">Carabus maxillosus</taxonomicName>
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to be a junior homonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Manticora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Manticora maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Manticora maxillosa</taxonomicName>
|
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, and proposed the replacement name
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia fabricii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fabricii">Anthia fabricii</taxonomicName>
|
||
for the anthiine species. This replacement name was subsequently adopted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Csiki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the Coleopterorum Catalogus and consequently is widely used in collections. It is, however, entirely unnecessary, as the two names refer to different taxa and were originally proposed in different genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Csiki (1929)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed 18 taxa described from southern and eastern Africa as synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia maxillosa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxillosa">Anthia maxillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which he called
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anthia fabricii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fabricii">Anthia fabricii</taxonomicName>
|
||
). These names all need to be carefully reviewed in order to determine whether they represent valid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |