289 lines
24 KiB
XML
289 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1138-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BFD4A22FBD59587DA8A0A7000B7A16CE" ID-ZooBank="94AF8515FC534C7EB08A646F2D64355F" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1138-1" checkinTime="1673085743325" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lumen, Ryan & Kaminski, Marcin Jan" docDate="2023" docId="D597E3C967CA5D0CAC73EB86C2AB54F9" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1138: 1-27" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1138" docPubDate="2023-01-05" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968" docTitle="Phylacastus crypticoides Koch" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="BFD4A22FBD59587DA8A0A7000B7A16CE" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BFD4A22FBD59587DA8A0A7000B7A16CE" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the genus Phylacastus Fairmaire (Tenebrionidae, Eurynotina): shortfalls of anatomical nomenclature with notes on aedeagal homology" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1673085743325" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the genus Phylacastus Fairmaire (Tenebrionidae, Eurynotina): shortfalls of anatomical nomenclature with notes on aedeagal homology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lumen, Ryan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-7596</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Museum, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rplumen@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kaminski, Marcin Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-0614</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Museum, Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland & Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-01-05</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1138</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>27</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1138-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">94AF8515FC534C7EB08A646F2D64355F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BFD4A22FBD59587DA8A0A7000B7A16CE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D597E3C967CA5D0CAC73EB86C2AB54F9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D597E3C967CA5D0CAC73EB86C2AB54F9" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="D597E3C9-67CA-5D0C-AC73-EB86C2AB54F9" authority="Koch" authorityName="Koch" class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus crypticoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">Phylacastus crypticoides Koch</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Phylacastus species A Phylacastus ancoralium sp. nov. holotype B Phylacastus makskacymirowi sp. nov. C Phylacastus crypticoides D Phylacastus rhodesianus E Phylacastus striolatus lectotype. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791036" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Phylacastus species A-C mentum (Median keel red, middle portion and lateral wings blue and green respectively) D-E prosternal process F-G abdominal ventrite V A, D, F Phylacastus crypticoides B P. makskacymirowi C P. rhodesianus E P. ancoralium G P. striolatus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791038" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 3A, D, F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Phylacastus species spp. aedeagi A-D aedeagus dorsal view E, F aedeagus Ventral view A, H Phylacastus striolatus B, G P. ancoralium (ancorae highlighted blue) C P. rhodesianus E P. crypticoides D, F P. makskacymirowi (subapical sutures highlighted blue). Median lobes highlighted green. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791039" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 4E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Phylacastus ovipositor (dorsal). Right Phylacastus ancoralium Left P. crypticoides. Abbreviations: C - Coxae (1 - 4); Prct - Paraprocts. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791040" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Phylacastus internal female structures A Phylacastus striolatus B P. crypticoides C P. ancoralium. Abbreviations: Ag - Accessory gland, Ap - Accessory pouch, Bc - Bursa copulatrix, Ov - Oviduct, Sp - Spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791041" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 6B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Distribution of ancorae in Blaptinae (displayed on Bayesian molecular topology from Kaminski et al. 2021 a) A Heliopates ibericus Mulsant & Rey (Dendarina) apical aedeagus B Phylacastus crypticoides aedeagus. Dark blue clades = all representatives have ancorae. Light blue clades = exceptions (with or without ancorae). White clades = no ancorae. Abbreviations: an - ancora, bap - basal apophysis, cc - sclerotized connection to parameres, ml - median lobe, par - parameres." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791043" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 8B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus crypticoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">Phylacastus crypticoides</taxonomicName>
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Koch, 1954a: 286.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2016.66.2.006" author="Kaminski, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="227 - 266" refId="B26" refString="Kaminski, MJ, 2016. Catalogue and distribution of the subtribe Eurynotina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pedinini). Annales Zoologici 66 (2): 227 - 266, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2016.66.2.006" title="Catalogue and distribution of the subtribe Eurynotina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pedinini)." url="https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2016.66.2.006" volume="66" year="2016">
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kamiński">Kaminski</normalizedToken>
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||
2016
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 245.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus pretoriensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretoriensis">Phylacastus pretoriensis</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus pretoriensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretoriensis">Phylacastus pretoriensis</taxonomicName>
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Koch, 1954a: 285, syn. nov.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2016.66.2.006" author="Kaminski, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="227 - 266" refId="B26" refString="Kaminski, MJ, 2016. Catalogue and distribution of the subtribe Eurynotina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pedinini). Annales Zoologici 66 (2): 227 - 266, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2016.66.2.006" title="Catalogue and distribution of the subtribe Eurynotina (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pedinini)." url="https://doi.org/10.3161/00034541ANZ2016.66.2.006" volume="66" year="2016">
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kamiński">Kaminski</normalizedToken>
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||
2016
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 245.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(data represents single specimens unless otherwise noted).
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="P. A. Krantz" location="Lydenburg Distr." specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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(TMNH): "
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D597E3C967CA5D0CAC73EB86C2AB54F9:EB72AC401656F266DCCEA768CF8369ED" name="Lydenburg Distr.">Lydenburg Distr.</location>
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1896
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<collectorName>P.A. Krantz</collectorName>
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;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus crypticoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">Phylacastus crypticoides</taxonomicName>
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DET.C.KOCH 1953;
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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No: 1873
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus crypticoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">Phylacastus crypticoides</taxonomicName>
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KOCH;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus crypticoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">Phylacastus crypticoides</taxonomicName>
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Koch;
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Eurynotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eurynotus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eurynotus</taxonomicName>
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? sp.."
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(TMNH).</emphasis>
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"
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1975-08-16" collectingDateMax="2005-12-08" collectingDateMin="1975-08-16" collectorName="S. Afr., N. Transvaal Nylsvley Met. Sta., Endroedy-Younga., N. Transvaal Nylsvley, Endroedy-Younga, Gusmann, S. Afr. Tvl. Waterbg Lapalala Wilderness" county="Limpopo Prov." elevation="1336" latitude="-24.4" location="Berlese" longLatPrecision="750" longitude="28.42" municipality="Smith" specimenCount="seven">
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<collectorName>S.Afr.</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>N.Transvaal Nylsvley Met.Sta.</collectorName>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.4">24.40°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="28.42">28.42°E</geoCoordinate>
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||
; 285.1975; E-Y:1160 humus,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D597E3C967CA5D0CAC73EB86C2AB54F9:81147282C05E6EABD44FA01A1B870293" county="Limpopo Prov." latitude="-24.4" longLatPrecision="750" longitude="28.42" municipality="Smith" name="Berlese">Berlese</location>
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, open leg.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrödy-Younga.”">
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<collectorName>Endroedy-Younga.</collectorName>
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"
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</normalizedToken>
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, "
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<collectorName>S.Afr.</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>N.Transvaal Nylsvley</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality>Smith</collectingMunicipality>
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frm
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.4">24.40°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.42">24.42°E</geoCoordinate>
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<collectingDate value="1975-11-15">15.11.1975</collectingDate>
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; E-Y: 952 cattle dung leg.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrödy-Younga">
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<collectorName>Endroedy-Younga</collectorName>
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</normalizedToken>
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; trench; rep: 5 cage mesh
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
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7 day aft.sett."*, "
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<collectorName>S.Afr.</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>N.Transvaal Nylsvley Met.Sta.</collectorName>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.4">24.40°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="28.42">28.42°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="1976-03-29">29.3.1976</collectingDate>
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; E-Y:1112 sifted litter, open leg.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrödy-Younga.”">
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<collectorName>Endroedy-Younga.</collectorName>
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||
"
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||
</normalizedToken>
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, "
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<collectorName>S.Afr.</collectorName>
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;
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<collectingCounty>Limpopo Prov.</collectingCounty>
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Lindani Nat Res
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3359999999999999" unit="m" value="1336.0">
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<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3359999999999999" unit="m" value="1336.0">1336 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24.02" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.02">24.02°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="28.23" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="28.23">28.23°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2005-12-08">8.12.2005</collectingDate>
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; E-Y:3687 single, bushveld leg.
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<collectorName>Gusmann</collectorName>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Müller.”">Mueller."</normalizedToken>
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||
, "
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||
<collectorName>S.Afr.</collectorName>
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||
,
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||
<collectorName>N.Transvaal Nylsvley</collectorName>
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||
, Smith frm
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.40" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-24.4">24.40°S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24.42" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="24.42">24.42°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<collectingDate value="1976-01-08">8.1.1976</collectingDate>
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||
; E-Y: 990 sifted litter.
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||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrödy-Younga”">Endroedy-Younga"</normalizedToken>
|
||
*, "
|
||
<collectorName>S.Afr.Tvl.Waterbg Lapalala Wilderness</collectorName>
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="23.49" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-23.49">23.49°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="20.17" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="20.17">20.17°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate value="1975-08-16">16.8.1975</collectingDate>
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; E-Y:829 from under stones leg.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Endrödy-Younga”">
|
||
<collectorName>Endroedy-Younga</collectorName>
|
||
"
|
||
</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">seven specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
)1
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Koch described both
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tenebrionidae" genus="Phylacastus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phylacastus crypticoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phylacastus crypticoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pretoriensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretoriensis">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pretoriensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(1954a), differentiating them from the already described
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. striolatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striolatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. striolatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and his additional species
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. rhodesianus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodesianus">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. rhodesianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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based on the following:
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pretoriensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretoriensis">
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||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pretoriensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
with a basal pronotal margin that is reduced medially, and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. crypticoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. crypticoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a cariniform structure of the mentum and a more apically positioned sulcus on abdominal ventrite V. Upon investigation here, the margination of the pronotal base, while variable, appears to be consistently present in all species with no uniform reduction in restricted populations or collection events examined here. The sulcus of abdominal ventrite V is also consistent between specimens of both of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Koch’s">Koch's</normalizedToken>
|
||
species. Furthermore,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. crypticoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. crypticoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pretoriensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pretoriensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pretoriensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens compared with his type material bear the carina attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. crypticoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. crypticoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As such, we have decided here to synonymize the two species under
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. crypticoides" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticoides">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. crypticoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Length 6-7 mm.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: punctures separated by <1 diameter. Mentum broad, lateral wings concealed, midportion with thin, distinct medial carina.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: pronotum punctate, punctures closely spaced, separated by ≤ 1 diameter. Hypomeron lightly wrinkled to rugose. Prosternal process produced between forecoxae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Diagnostic features of Phylacastus species A-C mentum (Median keel red, middle portion and lateral wings blue and green respectively) D-E prosternal process F-G abdominal ventrite V A, D, F Phylacastus crypticoides B P. makskacymirowi C P. rhodesianus E P. ancoralium G P. striolatus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm" figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791038" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pterothorax</emphasis>
|
||
: elytra width about equal to pronotal width. Elytral striae, intervals punctate; striae clearly impressed. Interval punctures closely spaced (≤1 diameter), slightly smaller than strial punctures. Elytral tubercles absent; apical declivity with at most weak bumps or callosities (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Phylacastus species A Phylacastus ancoralium sp. nov. holotype B Phylacastus makskacymirowi sp. nov. C Phylacastus crypticoides D Phylacastus rhodesianus E Phylacastus striolatus lectotype. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791036" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylacastus lateral aspect photographs and close-up of apical elytral tubercles and striae A Phylacastus ancoralium lateral angle B P. ancoralium close-up of elytra apical declivity C P. rhodesianus lateral angle D P. rhodesianus close-up of elytra apical declivity E P. striolatus lateral angle F P. striolatus close-up of elytra apical declivity." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.95968.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791037" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: ventrite V sulcus narrowly separated from apical border.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Terminalia</emphasis>
|
||
: male: parameres tapering apically, fused basally with narrow opening at apex exposing median lobe. Female: ovipositor slightly elongate (ratio of ovipositor coxites I-IV to paraprocts <1:1). Bursa copulatrix not bilobate, accessory gland present near-to spermatheca, accessory pouch absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">South Africa.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |