treatments-xml/data/03/D4/5C/03D45C5614180F60178C850FFAF1A2D0.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

331 lines
36 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="7158D1E00028D6B4D5D1F803C8DC4A4E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5394.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438079" ID-ZooBank="6D86633F-0167-414D-B511-550BCBE578CD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1703752267404" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Turner, James &amp; Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad" docDate="2023" docId="03D45C5614180F60178C850FFAF1A2D0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5394.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5394 (1)" docSource="https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5394.1.1/52549" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.16:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="16" docTitle="Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) unguiculata Edwards 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFED242E14290F52171B835CFFB2A745" masterDocTitle="An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1703753015972" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D3B3850B51B9E31974E5E0C4552F83CD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9AF78A4FE2BC66E329E591AC66410199">
<mods:title id="5D0DA8D09C38F7B10CC77DAE7D9BFD4B">An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E94E87D876F5F7E84A994BD928E6C866" type="personal">
<mods:role id="909562A4218B58FA58F3322F1BE96DE0">
<mods:roleTerm id="E9B877A611E2FAFCF20EB1C79807932A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="380C6D63AD5CDCAA721E1CBB15BBC881">Dawah, Hassan A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="981FCECA00CFD58C92B103DBC30EAB3F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5642-7247</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B2215B34AED35828901FA8662B0D0560">Centre for Environmental Research and Studies, Jazan University, P. O. Box 2095, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia dawaha @ hotmail. co. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5642 - 7247</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="748D88575017C6807C51144E0399A571" type="email">dawaha@hotmail.co.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="45173EEF7EBA373FE17689CDB03C028A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="28EE8CDA2AE72653DE5D914381C8E022">
<mods:roleTerm id="A0D9C1ECA4256FDE958E0AA61BE60DCB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="58BD2EBEF81A20B31F614E09B2ED0F2E">Abdullah, Mohammed A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="55898733E4BC1BD42EA794F10598F0D6" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3323-3623</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FFABBC89A126509F3EA89C830F7DCE99">Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha- 61413, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia mohd _ robiya @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3323 - 3623</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="437BFD112D904198707EAECD725398B6" type="email">mohd_robiya@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="043A6A08B01FE810352207A87D6874F9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="49ABFE12A188950B80A6D7F58BE5B177">
<mods:roleTerm id="E347115A31CA4C218A7400382BB39EAE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B7A4E25D5A6039470D91F9DB2019CF23">Ahmad, Syed Kamran</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="998E8CDB88C94EBB93394C86DC772AD2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6211-2345</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="47DDE276A93BCC7091525B6C84B1FCF4">Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India entosaif @ rediffmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6211 - 2345</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="301EAAFA9ED96ECA0D864C6FDA25A2FB" type="email">entosaif@rediffmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A783EC61E3D0468205124976BD43CBD3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="90C1FCF12123C7F1108F626E152A46B4">
<mods:roleTerm id="D0C24C2E0B1F742F9A39E4B1FFDA391A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="875E015EB4A29AC1848F12DF26DD33C0">Turner, James</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BC7AC8E5D8C716B64E46C66DF5780696" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2411-7396</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="15456BC14F9D967B97DDAA5936CB6425">National Museum of Wales, Department of Natural Sciences, Entomology Section, Cardiff, CF 10 3 NP, UK James. Turner @ museumwales. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2411 - 7396</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="306A16D6FFE8F1C56E656CE553675CD2" type="email">urner@museumwales.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7B7789E425334D4FE6367C35FF4D7AF0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AECFC04FAE96505B5FB0A035AA58D09F">
<mods:roleTerm id="A0E0081CD0007C22473B0A346E7B98CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CC7AE5B69CEDC9B0412740F5886524EB">Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B9819578A8D20ED77922A64DA06CB147" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9370-9638</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7252760236AB4F243C5E31734AD461D2">Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology, Mycology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran azari @ gums. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9370 - 9638 * Corresponding author: azari @ gums. ac. ir</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="539528CF76700A1D1CA15F9C2FCC19FB" type="email">azari@gums.ac.ir</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="CF57C0A3AC65CC2699DD4A9A3CBF19F6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="2FA5E7B4E37BC3C3B7044B7919CC4C5A" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="000981BFF94FE132EE338D75DF87F71E">
<mods:title id="8890F04B675F1288AF7B7BA9B25A1350">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B051C9E22A9A82C1F4C1025A7A1AE711">
<mods:date id="B08A87048F585E7B7C9F32C365B89DA9">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3CD76207755F8548ED31F6BA4C1481C5" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="280E693ED48CBAD2772927A844632E35">2023-12-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="18CC8D0BE82A5F3590AE8A8F01AD81BB" type="volume">
<mods:number id="93BF45C56C39725106D7E92D964B62B3">5394</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="7D2B4781C509A9F7F3C1BE74457D67B6" type="issue">
<mods:number id="36479C3CBEF8AF2E1E91B2DFF2654A7F">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="A66A66EBD13E2B00E9EF73618D19A2A5" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D3218468741027793CB743F3978CC605">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="25A63957277F6DD6BFFF0D067D7CD4DC">76</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="1F5A1E5F3DE4F70B64A7895203B6E7F9">
<mods:url id="0A36866359C5381D6203A7CF84490F87">https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5394.1.1/52549</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="2549AC98D46D0FF7C67A2BD00685514E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E8C5129CEFB960B14204138A82E01D6E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5394.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="403598E7CACDEA8009F25382CC1EC0F9" type="ISSN">1175-5334</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="04CD064D8EACD2B7946F03AEA84735EF" type="Zenodo-Dep">10438079</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="94F5E5552CF45D93719A313C9D615071" type="ZooBank">6D86633F-0167-414D-B511-550BCBE578CD</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D45C5614180F60178C850FFAF1A2D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438273" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438273" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D45C5614180F60178C850FFAF1A2D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D45C5614180F60178C850FFAF1A2D0" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<subSubSection id="C367BECB14180F63178C850FFC7BA128" box="[151,969,1619,1646]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014180F63178C850FFC7BA128" blockId="49.[151,969,1619,1646]" box="[151,969,1619,1646]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<heading id="D08A5A2C14180F63178C850FFC7BA128" bold="true" box="[151,969,1619,1646]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63178C850FFC7BA128" bold="true" box="[151,969,1619,1646]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C314180F63178C850FFCE8A128" ID-CoL="8FKJF" authority="Edwards, 1913" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,858,1619,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculata" subGenus="Pseudoficalbia">
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63178C850FFE82A128" bold="true" box="[151,304,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Uranotaenia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63165A850FFE46A12B" bold="true" box="[321,500,1619,1646]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pseudoficalbia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63151D850FFD2BA12B" bold="true" box="[518,665,1619,1646]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">unguiculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6315BB8508FCE8A128" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[672,858,1619,1646]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="47 - 51" refId="ref45838" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1913) Tipulidae and Culicidae from the Lake of Tiberias and Damascus. Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 9, 47 - 51." type="journal article" year="1913">Edwards, 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="1346F1C514180F631472850FFC73A128" box="[873,961,1619,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="51.[151,250,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[352,1235,181,1435]" captionTargetId="figure-17@51.[352,1235,181,1435]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURE 50. Uranotaenia unguiculata, female (Natural History Museum, London, photo by James Turner, National Museum of Wales)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10438245/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C367BECB14180F63178C85C0FE59A1F0" box="[151,491,1691,1718]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014180F63178C85C0FE59A1F0" blockId="49.[151,1437,1691,1970]" box="[151,491,1691,1718]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<materialsCitation id="3B15E71D14180F63178C85C0FE55A1F0" box="[151,487,1691,1718]" country="Israel" location="Tiberias" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63178C85C0FE84A1F0" bold="true" box="[151,310,1691,1718]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<typeStatus id="54C653E214180F63178C85C0FF60A1F3" box="[151,210,1692,1718]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EA2BB9B14180F63162785C7FE28A1F0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D45C5614180F60178C850FFAF1A2D0:8EA2BB9B14180F63162785C7FE28A1F0" box="[316,410,1691,1717]" country="Israel" name="Tiberias" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tiberias</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F6316BE85C7FE55A1F0" box="[421,487,1691,1717]" name="Israel" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Israel</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C367BECB14180F6317DC85E3FEE1A0F4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC2ED4014180F6317DC85E3FEE1A0F4" blockId="49.[151,1437,1691,1970]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6317DC85E3FED3A19C" bold="true" box="[199,353,1727,1753]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
This species is found in the Oriental and Palaearctic Regions (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63132A85E3FAC3A19F" author="Azari-Hamidian, S. &amp; Norouzi, B. &amp; Harbach, R. E." box="[1073,1393,1727,1754]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="106 - 122" refId="ref41690" refString="Azari-Hamidian, S., Norouzi, B. &amp; Harbach, R. E. (2019) A detailed review of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Iran and their medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica, 194, 106 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2019.03.019" type="journal article" year="2019">
Azari-Hamidian
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6313EA859CFA99A19C" box="[1265,1323,1727,1753]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
). In the Middle East and North Africa, it has been recoded in
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63140D85BFFCDFA1B8" box="[790,877,1763,1789]" name="Algeria" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Algeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63146385B8FC0CA1BB" box="[888,958,1764,1790]" name="Egypt" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F6314D285B8FC4BA1BB" box="[969,1017,1764,1790]" name="Iran" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63131F85B8FB86A1BB" box="[1028,1076,1764,1790]" name="Iraq" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Iraq</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63132485BFFB32A1B8" box="[1087,1152,1763,1789]" name="Israel" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Israel</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63139085BFFB6BA1B8" box="[1163,1241,1763,1789]" name="Jordan" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Jordan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F6313FF85BFFAFBA1B8" box="[1252,1353,1763,1789]" name="Lebanon" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63124F85BFFA2AA1B8" box="[1364,1432,1763,1789]" name="Libya" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Libya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63178C8454FF4DA067" box="[151,255,1800,1826]" name="Morocco" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Morocco</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F631617845BFEC6A064" box="[268,372,1799,1825]" name="Palestine" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Palestine</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63169A845BFDA5A064" box="[385,535,1799,1825]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F63153F845BFDD0A064" box="[548,610,1799,1825]" name="Syria" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Syria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F631574845BFD70A064" box="[623,706,1799,1825]" name="Tunisia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F6315E0845BFCF9A064" box="[763,843,1799,1825]" name="Turkey" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F631447845BFB85A064" author="Abdel-Malek, A." box="[860,1079,1799,1825]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="111 - 128" refId="ref37944" refString="Abdel-Malek, A. (1960) The culicine mosquitoes of the northern region of the United Arab Republic. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique d'Egypte, 44, 111 - 128." type="journal article" year="1960">Abdel-Malek 1960</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63135F8454FB7AA064" author="Stone, A." box="[1092,1224,1799,1826]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="249" refId="ref60183" refString="Stone, A. (1961) A new subspecies of Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards from Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (4), 249. [for 1960]" type="journal article" year="1961">Stone 1961</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6313CE845BFA25A067" author="Wills, W. M. &amp; Jakob, W. L. &amp; Francy, D. B. &amp; Oertley, R. E. &amp; Anani, E. &amp; Calisher, C. H. &amp; Monath, T. P." box="[1237,1431,1799,1826]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref62854" refString="Wills, W. M., Jakob, W. L., Francy, D. B., Oertley, R. E., Anani, E., Calisher, C. H. &amp; Monath, T. P. (1985) Sindbis virus isolations from Saudi Arabian mosquitoes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0035 - 9203 (85) 90238 - X" type="journal article" year="1985">
Wills
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6312018454FAE6A064" box="[1306,1364,1799,1825]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
1985
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63178C8477FECAA003" author="Harbach, R. E. &amp; Harrison, B. A. &amp; Gad, A. M. &amp; Kenawy, M. A. &amp; El-Said, S." box="[151,376,1835,1862]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="317 - 342" refId="ref49382" refString="Harbach, R. E., Harrison, B. A., Gad, A. M., Kenawy, M. A. &amp; El-Said, S. (1989) Records and notes on mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in Egypt. Mosquito Systematics, 20 (3), 317 - 342. [for 1988]" type="journal article" year="1989">
Harbach
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6317E68470FE84A000" box="[253,310,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
1989
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63169F8477FDB9A003" author="Minar, J." box="[388,523,1835,1862]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref54983" refString="Minar, J. (1991) Family Culicidae. In: Soos, A. &amp; Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 2. Psychodidae- Chironomidae. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest and Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 74 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 19910380404" type="book" year="1991">Minář 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63150D8470FD79A003" author="Amr, Z. S. &amp; Al-Khalili, Y. &amp; Arbaji, A." box="[534,715,1835,1862]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="375 - 378" refId="ref41061" refString="Amr, Z. S., Al-Khalili, Y. &amp; Arbaji, A. (1997) Larval mosquitoes collected from northern Jordan and the Jordan Valley. Journal of the American Mosquito Control association, 13 (4), 375 - 378." type="journal article" year="1997">
Amr
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63154A8470FD3BA000" box="[593,649,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6315CD8477FC25A003" author="Alten, B. &amp; Caglar, S. S. &amp; Ozer, N." box="[726,919,1835,1862]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="22 - 33" refId="ref40741" refString="Alten, B., Caglar, S. S. &amp; Ozer, N. (2000) Malaria and its vectors in Turkey. European Mosquito Bulletin, 7, 22 - 33." type="journal article" year="2000">
Alten
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6314078470FCE6A000" box="[796,852,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6314B88477FB31A003" author="Brunhes, J. &amp; Hassaine, K. &amp; Rhaim, A. &amp; Hervy, J. - P." box="[931,1155,1835,1862]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="195 - 204" refId="ref42884" refString="Brunhes, J., Hassaine, K., Rhaim, A. &amp; Hervy, J. - P. (2000) Les Culicides de l'Afrique mediterraneenne: especes presentes et repartition (Diptera, Nematocera). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 105 (2), 195 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2000.16659" type="journal article" year="2000">
Brunhes
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63131C8470FBF2A000" box="[1031,1088,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6313958477FAFAA003" author="Knio, K. M. &amp; Markarain, N. &amp; Kassis, A. &amp; Nuwayri-Salti, N." box="[1166,1352,1835,1862]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="229 - 235" refId="ref52016" refString="Knio, K. M., Markarain, N., Kassis, A. &amp; Nuwayri-Salti, N. (2005) A two-year survey on mosquitoes of Lebanon. Parasite, 12 (3), 229 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2005123229" type="journal article" year="2005">
Knio
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6313D58470FAB4A000" box="[1230,1286,1835,1861]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63124E8477FEA3A02F" author="Rueda, L. M. &amp; Pecor, J. E. &amp; Lowen, R. G. &amp; Carder, M." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="397 - 402" refId="ref58105" refString="Rueda, L. M., Pecor, J. E., Lowen, R. G. &amp; Carder, M. (2008) New record and updated checklists of the mosquitoes of Afghanistan and Iraq. Journal of Vector Ecology, 33 (2), 397 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.3376 / 1081 - 1710 - 33.2.397" type="journal article" year="2008">
Rueda
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63178C840CFF7DA02C" box="[151,207,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
; Al Ahmad
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63168E840CFE7FA02C" box="[405,461,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2011;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6315038413FD73A02F" author="Alahmed, M. A." box="[536,705,1871,1898]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="55 - 62" refId="ref38821" refString="Alahmed, M. A. (2012) Mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia and their seasonal abundance. Journal King Saud University for Science, 24 (1), 55 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jksus. 2010.12.001" type="journal article" year="2012">Alahmed 2012</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6315D78413FC11A02F" author="Sulesco, T. M. &amp; Toderas, I. K. &amp; Toderas, L. G." box="[716,931,1871,1898]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="98 - 101" refId="ref60588" refString="Sulesco, T. M., Toderas, I. K. &amp; Toderas, L. G. (2013) Anntated checklist of the mosquitoes of the Republic of Moldova. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 29 (2), 98 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.2987 / 12 - 6311 R. 1" type="journal article" year="2013">
Sulesco
<emphasis id="B909315214180F631431840CFCD0A02C" box="[810,866,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2013
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6314B58413FB3AA02F" author="Tabbabi, A. &amp; Rhim, A. &amp; Daaboub, J." box="[942,1160,1871,1898]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1000249" refId="ref60991" refString="Tabbabi, A., Rhim, A. &amp; Daaboub, J. (2017) Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Tunisia, with particular attention to proven and potential vectors: A review. Journal of Tropical Diseases, 5 (5), 1000249. https: // doi. org / 10.4172 / 2329 - 891 X. 1000249" type="journal article" year="2017">
Tabbabi
<emphasis id="B909315214180F631314840CFBF5A02C" box="[1039,1095,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6313888413FAF9A02F" author="Trari, B. &amp; Dakki, M. &amp; Harbach, R. E." box="[1171,1355,1871,1898]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="94 - 104" refId="ref61781" refString="Trari, B., Dakki, M. &amp; Harbach, R. E. (2017) An updated checklist of the Culicidae (Diptera) of Morocco, with notes on species of historical and current medical importance. Journal of Vector Ecology, 42 (1), 94 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jvec. 12243" type="journal article" year="2017">
Trari
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6313CA840CFABBA02C" box="[1233,1289,1871,1897]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
; Azari-Hamadian
<emphasis id="B909315214180F63160A8428FEF8A0C8" box="[273,330,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2019;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63168C842FFDD8A0CB" author="Merdic, E. &amp; Klobucar, A. &amp; Zitko, T. &amp; Bogojevic, M. S. &amp; Vrucina, I. &amp; Turic, N. &amp; Vignjevic, G." box="[407,618,1907,1934]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="135 - 139" refId="ref54662" refString="Merdic, E., Klobucar, A., Zitko, T., Bogojevic, M. S., Vrucina, I., Turic, N. &amp; Vignjevic, G. (2020) Updated checklist of the mosquitoes (Diptera: culicidae) of Croatia. Journal of Vector Ecology, 45 (1), 135 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jvec. 12381" type="journal article" year="2020">
Merdić
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6316F48428FD95A0C8" box="[495,551,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F63156F842FFCD8A0CB" author="Wilkerson, R. C. &amp; Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. A." box="[628,874,1907,1934]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref62791" refString="Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. &amp; Strickman, D. A. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols 1 and 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltomore, Maryland, 1308 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6" type="book" year="2021">
Wilkerson
<emphasis id="B909315214180F6315F48428FC95A0C8" box="[751,807,1907,1933]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
). It was recorded for the first time in
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD014180F631210842FFA2EA0C8" box="[1291,1436,1907,1933]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B114180F6317A184C4FEFDA0F4" author="Stone, A." box="[186,335,1943,1970]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="249" refId="ref60183" refString="Stone, A. (1961) A new subspecies of Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards from Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (4), 249. [for 1960]" type="journal article" year="1961">Stone (1961)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF02BDC8141B0F60178C8748FEC9A315" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438241" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10438241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10438241/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" startId="50.[151,250,1044,1068]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1020]" targetPageId="50" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC2ED40141B0F60178C8748FEC9A315" blockId="50.[151,1436,1044,1104]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60178C8748FEADA369" bold="true" box="[151,287,1044,1068]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 49.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F60163E8749FE43A369" baseAuthorityName="Theobald" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[293,497,1044,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Mansonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60163E8749FE43A369" box="[293,497,1044,1068]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Mansonia uniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female (photo by Shahyad Azari-Hamidian, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C367BECB141B0F6017DC8723FAF1A2D0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC2ED40141B0F6017DC8723FABFA209" blockId="50.[151,1437,1150,1429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6017DC8723FE89A3DC" bold="true" box="[199,315,1151,1177]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F6016588723FDEDA3DD" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1913" box="[323,607,1150,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6016588723FDEDA3DD" box="[323,607,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Uranotaenia unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
previously included two subspecies:
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F60131F8723FAF0A3DD" box="[1028,1346,1150,1176]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="unguiculata" subSpecies="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60131F8723FAF0A3DD" box="[1028,1346,1150,1176]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ur. unguiculata unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F6012628723FE44A3F9" authority="Stone, 1961" authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="unguiculata" subSpecies="pefflyi">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6012628723FED8A3F9" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ur. unguiculata pefflyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F60166B87FFFE44A3F9" author="Stone, A." box="[368,502,1186,1213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="249" refId="ref60183" refString="Stone, A. (1961) A new subspecies of Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards from Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (4), 249. [for 1960]" type="journal article" year="1961">Stone, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54C653E2141B0F60151F87FFFD84A3F8" box="[516,566,1187,1213]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
locality: Qatif Oasis, Al Hasa Province,
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0141B0F6014E687FEFB22A3F9" box="[1021,1168,1186,1212]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F6013BE87FEFF66A3A4" author="Harbach, R. E. &amp; Wilkerson, R. C." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 184" refId="ref49325" refString="Harbach, R. E. &amp; Wilkerson, R. C. (2023) The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification. Zootaxa, 5303 (1), 1 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5303.1.1" type="journal article" year="2023">Harbach &amp; Wilkerson 2023</bibRefCitation>
). The subspecies
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F601689879AFE6AA3A5" box="[402,472,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pefflyi</emphasis>
was the only form of the species present in the eastern parts of
<collectingCountry id="F36AADD0141B0F60139C879AFAA5A3A5" box="[1159,1303,1222,1248]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F60123F879AFF61A240" author="Wills, W. M. &amp; Jakob, W. L. &amp; Francy, D. B. &amp; Oertley, R. E. &amp; Anani, E. &amp; Calisher, C. H. &amp; Monath, T. P." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref62854" refString="Wills, W. M., Jakob, W. L., Francy, D. B., Oertley, R. E., Anani, E., Calisher, C. H. &amp; Monath, T. P. (1985) Sindbis virus isolations from Saudi Arabian mosquitoes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0035 - 9203 (85) 90238 - X" type="journal article" year="1985">
Wills
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60127D879BFA27A3A5" box="[1382,1429,1222,1248]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
. 1985
</bibRefCitation>
). Also
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F60160487B6FDA4A240" author="Alahmed, A. M. &amp; Munawar, K. &amp; Khalil, S. M. S. &amp; Harbach, R. E." box="[287,534,1258,1285]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="356" refId="ref39036" refString="Alahmed, A. M., Munawar, K., Khalil, S. M. S. &amp; Harbach, R. E. (2019) Assessment and an updated list of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia. Parasites &amp; Vectors, 12, 356. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 019 - 3579 - 4" type="journal article" year="2019">
Alahmed
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60169687B7FE77A241" box="[397,453,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that it is unlikely that the typical form,
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F60134287B7FA27A241" box="[1113,1429,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="unguiculata" subSpecies="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60134287B7FA27A241" box="[1113,1429,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ur. unguiculata unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is present in the country, but this is incorrect in view of the recent synonymy of
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6013168652FBE1A26D" box="[1037,1107,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pefflyi</emphasis>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F60138B8652FAA4A26D" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1913" box="[1168,1302,1294,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60138B8652FAA4A26D" box="[1168,1302,1294,1320]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F6012268652FECEA208" author="Harbach, R. E. &amp; Wilkerson, R. C." pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 184" refId="ref49325" refString="Harbach, R. E. &amp; Wilkerson, R. C. (2023) The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification. Zootaxa, 5303 (1), 1 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5303.1.1" type="journal article" year="2023">Harbach &amp; Wilkerson (2023)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F60169C866EFD74A208" author="Melero-Alcibar, R. &amp; Aranda, C. &amp; Molina, R." box="[391,710,1330,1357]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="45 - 50" refId="ref54405" refString="Melero-Alcibar, R., Aranda, C. &amp; Molina, R. (2010) Re-description of the pupa of Uranotaenia unguiculata (Diptera: Culicidae) and morphological key for identification of pupae of mosquito genera in the Palaearctic Region. European Mosquito Bulletin, 28, 45 - 50." type="journal article" year="2010">
Melero-Alcíbar
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F601527866FFDDFA209" box="[572,621,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
. (2010)
</bibRefCitation>
re-described the pupa of the nominotypical species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC2ED40141B0F6017DC860AFAF1A2D0" blockId="50.[151,1437,1150,1429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6017DC860AFE0DA235" bold="true" box="[199,447,1366,1392]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Medical importance.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C7D96C3141B0F6016DC860BFD56A235" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1913" box="[455,740,1366,1392]" class="Insecta" family="Culicidae" genus="Uranotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unguiculata">
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6016DC860BFD56A235" box="[455,740,1366,1392]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Uranotaenia unguiculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not bite humans and it is not considered to be a medical risk (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F6017D48626FE73A2D0" author="Schaffner, F. &amp; Gatt, P. &amp; Mall, S. &amp; Maroli, M. &amp; Spiteri, G. &amp; Melillo, T. &amp; Zaller, H." box="[207,449,1402,1429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 54" refId="ref58660" refString="Schaffner, F., Gatt, P., Mall, S., Maroli, M., Spiteri, G., Melillo, T. &amp; Zaller, H. (2010) Mosquitoes in Malta: Preliminary entomological investigation and risk assessment for vector-borne diseases (Diptera: Culicidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Malta, 3, 41 - 54." type="journal article" year="2010">
Schaffner
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F60165E8627FEC4A2D1" box="[325,374,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
); however, West Nile virus has been isolated from females (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEC90B1141B0F6013458626FA85A2D0" author="Pachler, K. &amp; Lebl, K. &amp; Berer, D. &amp; Rudolf, I. &amp; Hubalek, Z. &amp; Nowotny, N." box="[1118,1335,1402,1429]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="2119 - 2122" refId="ref56399" refString="Pachler, K., Lebl, K., Berer, D., Rudolf, I., Hubalek, Z. &amp; Nowotny, N. (2014) Putative new West Nile virus lineage in Uranotaenia unguiculata mosquitoes, Austria, 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20 (12), 2119 - 2122. https: // doi. org / 10.3201 / eid 2012.140921" type="journal article" year="2014">
Pachler
<emphasis id="B9093152141B0F6013A08627FB46A2D1" box="[1211,1268,1402,1428]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>