1030 lines
102 KiB
XML
1030 lines
102 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792754" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4de6594-5075-4058-895e-67eb0e3004e3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163878260" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792754" ID-ZooBank="CBCD770C-79A0-4A53-9C35-DCD7A1A32A14" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:422B8F25-F836-43A3-B878-27DC51E0DE90" approvalRequired="2" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1587949203824" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris" docDate="2008" docId="03B7092EEE0CFFEFA3B9D96DEC5B16B0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_1951.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 3 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3fbe131e" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Hemilecanium cedrelus Hodgson 2008, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="422B8F25-F836-43A3-B878-27DC51E0DE90" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="FF8E7156EE0AFFFDA335DC1BE808120D" masterDocTitle="A new genus and two new species of soft scale insect (Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea, Coccidae) from Africa" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="57" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1643571780825" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A new genus and two new species of soft scale insect (Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea, Coccidae) from Africa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hodgson, Chris</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>National Museum of Wales ,, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2008</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2008-09-16</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>57</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>76</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.3.45</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e4de6594-5075-4058-895e-67eb0e3004e3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576418</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">CBCD770C-79A0-4A53-9C35-DCD7A1A32A14</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792754" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163878260" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792754" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:422B8F25-F836-43A3-B878-27DC51E0DE90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7092EEE0CFFEFA3B9D96DEC5B16B0" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[140,613,1398,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,967,1398,1460]" box="[140,613,1398,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<heading box="[140,613,1398,1425]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,613,1398,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[140,536,1398,1425]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,417,1398,1425]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Hemilecanium cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
Hodgson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[548,613,1399,1425]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[140,967,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,967,1398,1460]" box="[140,967,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<uri box="[140,967,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||
<uuid box="[423,967,1433,1460]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">422B8F25-F836-43A3-B878-27DC51E0DE90</uuid>
|
||
</uri>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,1504,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,349,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,241,1504,1530]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" reason="1">Material</emphasis>
|
||
studied.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609528327" collectingDate="1955-07-26" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="G. G. Robinson" country="Zambia" location="Luanshya" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[360,674,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[360,473,1504,1530]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[583,674,1504,1530]" name="Zambia" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7092EEE0CFFEFA3B9D96DEC5B16B0:8EC1EEE3EE0CFFFBA183D9FBEB2D17F7" box="[694,805,1504,1530]" country="Zambia" name="Luanshya" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Luanshya</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[821,966,1504,1531]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" value="1955-07-26">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[821,966,1504,1531]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" value="1955-07-26">26.VII.1955</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectedFrom pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="toona">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Cedrela toona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</collectedFrom>
|
||
(spelt
|
||
<emphasis box="[276,327,1540,1565]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">tuna</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectorName box="[351,526,1539,1565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">G.G. Robinson</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[542,639,1539,1565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
): ad
|
||
<specimenCount box="[685,700,1540,1566]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in good condition.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="6.[140,1108,1504,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609528328" box="[185,1103,1574,1601]" collectionCode="BMNH, USNM" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,290,1575,1601]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[185,290,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[297,312,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
. Data as for
|
||
<typeStatus box="[464,563,1574,1600]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[571,586,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
:14/14 ad
|
||
<specimenCount box="[702,717,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(fair to good) (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[898,993,1575,1601]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1005,1095,1575,1601]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2609528326" collectionCode="BMNH, USNM" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
also 3/27 1st-instar nymphs (fair to good (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[642,737,1610,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[752,839,1610,1636]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
)) plus 1/1 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[988,1002,1609,1623]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1085,1100,1610,1636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(good) + 1 2
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[281,299,1644,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">nd-</superScript>
|
||
instar
|
||
<specimenCount box="[379,394,1646,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(with pharate 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[582,596,1644,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar
|
||
<specimenCount box="[676,691,1646,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; fair, with inner hyphae (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[985,1080,1645,1671]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
))
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,166,1672]" box="[185,436,166,193]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,339,166,192]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,252,166,192]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">Adult</emphasis>
|
||
female
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[354,422,166,193]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[140,174,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[146,1097,200,1546]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[137,1110,190,1554]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 2. Hemilecanium cedrelus Hodgson, sp. n., adult female. For lettering, see Fig. 1, but also where B = dorsal tubercle; E = preopercular pore; J = marginal seta and J 1 = marginal seta on anal lobe; K = stigmatic spines; P = tubular ducts; and scars = scars showing position of dorsal tubercles of 3rd-instar nymph." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767141/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
Described from
|
||
<specimenCount box="[369,506,201,228]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
in good condition, and with reference to the remaining
|
||
<specimenCount box="[183,339,237,263]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,375,272,298]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,254,272,298]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">Instar</emphasis>
|
||
diagnosis.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[379,535,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Dried material</emphasis>
|
||
with many clear, round, brown-ochre-coloured spots present throughout dorsum indicating position of dorsal tubercles.
|
||
<emphasis box="[867,1058,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Mounted material</emphasis>
|
||
oval to almost round.
|
||
<emphasis box="[330,415,343,368]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
membranous apart from a narrow sclerotisation around anterior margin of anal cleft; derm with a reticulate pattern of areolations; also with about 150- 200 randomly distributed dorsal tubercles, distributed over entire dorsum, each without satellite tubular ducts; also “scars” (see discussion below) in position of dorsal tubercles of 3rd-instar. Conical preopercular pores and dorsal setae present. Anal plates roughly quadrate with 4 setae near apex.
|
||
<emphasis box="[494,575,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
with a single line of sharply spinose setae; with 3 stigmatic spines each clearly differentiated from marginal spinose setae, median stigmatic spines much longer than lateral spines.
|
||
<emphasis box="[586,653,590,615]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
with abundant 10-locular disc-pores on all abdominal and thoracic segments. Ventral microducts abundant throughout. Tubular ducts of probably
|
||
<specimenCount box="[344,417,659,686]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
|
||
, present in a wide submarginal band. Antennae 6 segmented. Limbs fully developed but relatively small; tibio-tarsal articulation without a sclerosis; claw digitules different; claw with a small denticle. Spiracles proportionately very large, width of peritreme much wider than width of coxae. Mouthparts relatively large.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,436,800,826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">Unmounted</emphasis>
|
||
material
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Dried material quite dark brown; younger specimens with a distinct shallow longitudinal dorsal ridge and a clear, shelf-like margin; older specimens becoming strongly convex with two strong shoulders medially; venter becoming highly concave, forming an inner egg chamber. Positions of dorsal tubercles indicated by clear round areas of more brown-ochre-coloured derm scattered over dorsum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,411,976,1002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,296,976,1002]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">Mounted</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Oval to almost round, 2.8-6.0 mm long and 2.25-5.00 mm wide; anal cleft about 1/4th-1/5th body length. Basic structure as for diagnosis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="7.[140,1108,166,1672]" lastBlockId="9.[140,1108,166,1671]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,289,1047,1073]" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,284,1047,1073]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" reason="1">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm mainly membranous but with a heavy sclerotised band around anterior margin of anal cleft, which expands anteriorly with age. Derm of available specimens with polygonal reticulations throughout, each reticulation with an inner areolation and a dorsal microductule; perhaps becoming sclerotised at maturity. Dorsal setae all rather spinose, quite sharply pointed, with parallel sides; frequent laterally and anteriorly to anal plates, but absent submarginally; those anterior to anal plates each
|
||
<quantity box="[869,980,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="34.5" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="33.0">33-36 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, those more anteriorly and laterally smaller, down to
|
||
<quantity box="[642,751,1257,1284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="16.0">16-24 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Preopercular pores present in an elongate triangular group anterior to anal plates, each pore conical and
|
||
<quantity box="[1009,1108,1293,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="8.0">8-11 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide; each group with 85-140 pores, extending anteriorly to about metathorax. Dorsal microductules oval, appearing bilocular but with single inner ductule arising medially, each about 2.5-3.0 µm widest, most ductules swollen proximally; abundant, present in each dorsal reticulation. Other dorsal pores absent. Dorsal tubercles large and convex, but sunken into derm; each
|
||
<quantity box="[401,511,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="16.0">16-26 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with a heavily sclerotised outer cone plus 2 inner chimney-like tubes (one inside other); outermost tube with a ring of about 10-12 vertical ridges (see Discussion below adult female); innermost tube long, extending some way above tubercle; dorsum with a total of about 140-200 tubercles, randomly distributed throughout; also with about 16 submarginal “scars” and 2 pairs of submedial “scars” (in approximate positions of dorsal tubercles of 3
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[646,659,1644,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="64">rd</superScript>
|
||
instar). Anal plates each about
|
||
<quantity lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="66" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.025" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.75" pageId="7" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="302.5" valueMax="330.0" valueMin="275.0">275-330 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, width of single plate
|
||
<quantity box="[467,608,166,193]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="142.5" valueMax="170.0" valueMin="115.0">115-170 µm</quantity>
|
||
; each plate triangular, with 4 apical setae, both inner margin setae and subapical seta
|
||
<quantity box="[555,666,201,228]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25-30 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, other seta appearing dorsal, about
|
||
<quantity box="[140,249,237,263]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="7.2" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="66.0" valueMax="72.0" valueMin="60.0">60-72 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Anogenital fold with a line of 6-8 setae along anterior margin, each fairly short but with a long seta at each corner, latter about
|
||
<quantity box="[721,831,272,299]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="67.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="60.0">60-75 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; each lateral margin with 3 setose setae. Anal ring well developed, with many pores and probably 5 pairs of setae, each
|
||
<quantity box="[241,379,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="315.0" valueMax="360.0" valueMin="270.0">270-360 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; anal tube about as long as anal plates. Eyespots not detected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767141" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767141" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767141/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" startId="8.[140,174,1590,1612]" targetBox="[146,1097,200,1546]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="8.[140,1108,1590,1676]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,205,1590,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[211,510,1590,1612]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[211,416,1590,1611]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">Hemilecanium cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
Hodgson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[520,572,1591,1612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="65" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, adult female. For lettering, see Fig. 1, but also where B = dorsal tubercle; E = preopercular pore; J = marginal seta and J1 = marginal seta on anal lobe; K = stigmatic spines; P = tubular ducts; and scars = scars showing position of dorsal tubercles of 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[910,921,1653,1665]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="65">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[140,1108,166,1671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,282,377,403]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,277,377,403]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" reason="1">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Marginal setae all sharply spinose, each
|
||
<quantity box="[726,838,377,404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="30.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="16.0">16-45 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a broad base, straight sides and narrow basal sockets; abundant, with 175-240 anteriorly between anterior stigmatic areas, 54-62 laterally between stigmatic areas and 125-195 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with a group of 5 or 6 longer, slightly curved setae, longest
|
||
<quantity box="[226,368,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="110.0" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="105.0">105-115 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Stigmatic clefts absent. Stigmatic spines 3, clearly differentiated from marginal spines, slightly curved and with a less pointed apex than marginal setae; median spine longest,
|
||
<quantity box="[461,574,589,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="80.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="75.0">75-85 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, each lateral spine
|
||
<quantity box="[846,959,589,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="46.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="28.0">28-65 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[140,1108,166,1671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,266,624,650]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,262,624,650]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" reason="1">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm membranous. Spiracular disc-pores each mainly with 5 loculi, in broad groups near margin and each peritreme but very few or even sometimes absent in between; with about
|
||
<quantity box="[348,444,694,721]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2065" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="1.143" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="in" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45-50 in</quantity>
|
||
each anterior band and
|
||
<quantity box="[714,810,694,721]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8415" metricValueMax="2.159" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="in" value="72.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="60.0">60-85 in</quantity>
|
||
each posterior band, latter with a small group of multilocular pores near each spiracle. Multilocular disc-pores each about
|
||
<quantity box="[209,305,765,791]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8-10 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, mainly with 10 loculi, abundant across all abdominal segments and across meso- and metathorax; scarce on prothorax and head. Ventral microducts each about
|
||
<quantity box="[209,267,835,862]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, abundant throughout, except marginally. Ventral tubular ducts slightly variable but probably all of one
|
||
<typeStatus box="[496,546,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, each with an outer ductule
|
||
<quantity box="[865,977,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="23.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="17.0">17-30 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, inner ductule
|
||
<quantity box="[230,342,906,932]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="13.0">13-20 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with or without a glandular end; abundant in a broad submarginal band and rather less frequently in bands across each thoracic segment; with 1 or 2 present medially on abdomen among multilocular disc-pores. Other pores
|
||
<typeStatus box="[966,1022,977,1003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">types</typeStatus>
|
||
absent. Ventral setae mainly rather spinose, most about
|
||
<quantity box="[698,814,1011,1038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="20.0">20-26 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, present across each abdominal and thoracic segment but most abundant in a submedial band just laterad to spiracles and legs; with about 5 pairs of rather short inter-antennal setae, longest
|
||
<quantity box="[1033,1108,1082,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; abdominal segments
|
||
<collectionCode box="[437,456,1117,1143]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[467,496,1117,1143]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode box="[552,591,1117,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
each with a pair of longer setae, longest on
|
||
<collectionCode box="[1078,1107,1117,1143]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode box="[188,230,1153,1179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[368,456,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; submarginal setae frequent, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[962,1036,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[140,1108,166,1671]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Antennae each 6 segmented, total length
|
||
<quantity box="[653,797,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="300.0" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="250.0">250-350 µm</quantity>
|
||
; scape with 3 setae, pedicel with 2 setae, other segments:
|
||
<collectionCode box="[454,482,1223,1249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">III</collectionCode>
|
||
with 2 setae,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[628,657,1223,1249]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">IV</collectionCode>
|
||
with 1 fleshy seta,
|
||
<collectionCode box="[858,877,1223,1249]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
with 1 fleshy seta + 1 flagellate seta and
|
||
<collectionCode box="[334,363,1258,1284]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
with 3 fleshy setae, about 5 stiff apical setae + 1 flagellate seta; length of apical seta
|
||
<quantity box="[295,408,1293,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="78.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="66.0">66-90 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Clypeolabral shield
|
||
<quantity box="[706,848,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="310.0" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="270.0">270-350 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, labium probably with 4 pairs of setae. Spiracles large, width of peritremes: anterior
|
||
<quantity box="[858,999,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="145.0" valueMax="165.0" valueMin="125.0">125-165 µm</quantity>
|
||
, posterior
|
||
<quantity box="[140,280,1363,1390]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="182.5" valueMax="210.0" valueMin="155.0">155-210 µm</quantity>
|
||
; muscle plate much shorter than width of peritreme. Legs well developed but small; lengths (µm) of metathoracic legs: coxae 120-130 (width of coxal base
|
||
<quantity box="[968,1095,1399,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="90.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="80.0">80-100 µm</quantity>
|
||
); trochanter + femur 145-153; tibia + tarsus 185-210; claw 28-31; tibio-tarsal articulation not always clear, with no sclerosis; longest coxal seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[777,852,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 µm</quantity>
|
||
; longest trochanter seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[210,287,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="85.0">85 µm</quantity>
|
||
; other setae very sparse; tarsal digitules about equal to length of claw digitules; claw digitules longer than claw, with one slightly narrower than other; claw with a small denticle. Vulva probably present between abdominal segments
|
||
<collectionCode box="[886,924,1575,1601]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VII</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode box="[978,1029,1575,1601]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">VIII</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="9.[140,1108,166,1671]" lastBlockId="10.[140,1108,166,1037]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,313,1609,1635]" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,308,1609,1635]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" reason="1">Comment</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The adult females of this species are superficially similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1935" box="[140,478,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,419,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">Hemilecanium coriaceum</emphasis>
|
||
Hall
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Kondo & Hardy" authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[539,855,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[539,652,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="66">H. uesatoi</emphasis>
|
||
Kondo & Hardy
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also have dorsal tubercles randomly distributed throughout the dorsum,. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[938,1059,166,192]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[938,1059,166,192]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1935" box="[254,402,202,227]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[254,402,202,227]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">H. coriaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows (characters-states on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1935" box="[772,920,202,227]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[772,920,202,227]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">H. coriaceum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in brackets): (i) presence of 3 clearly differentiated stigmatic spines (absent or 1 barely differentiated); (ii) multilocular disc-pores abundant across all abdominal segments and also across meso- and metathorax (many fewer, restricted to abdomen); (iii) preopercular pores in an elongate group anterior to anal plates (in a broad group incorporating some dorsal tubercles anterior to anal plates); and (iv) large size of spiracular peritremes (small). Adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[382,501,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[382,501,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also similar to the newly described
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[936,1046,414,439]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[936,1046,414,439]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">H. uesatoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Ryukyu Archipelago,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[429,495,449,475]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but the latter differs in having normal-sized spiracles; pocket-like sclerotisations restricted to the submargin, preopercular pores extending anteriorly onto head; 8-segmented antennae, and no denticle on the claw. In addition, the 1
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[198,209,553,567]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymphs are rather different (see under that stage below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,166,1037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Initially it was assumed that the ring of sclerotised spots on each dorsal tubercle, which are clearly visible in dorsal views of each tubercle, were satellite tubular ducts similar to those on some
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Newstead" authorityYear="1906" box="[423,586,659,685]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[423,586,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Hemilecanium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. However, true satellite ducts have the structure of a small tubular duct, i.e. with a long outer ductule, a small cup-shaped invagination and sometimes an inner ductule, each duct opening onto the surface of the tubercle through an aperture some distance from the funnel-like central cone (see
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1991" box="[191,348,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Etiennea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halli">
|
||
<emphasis box="[191,348,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Etiennea halli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1991" baseAuthorityName="Brain" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[363,454,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Etiennea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kellyi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[363,454,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">E. kellyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[470,578,801,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petasus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[470,578,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">E. petasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="in Hodgson, 1991" authorityName="in Hodgson" authorityYear="1991" box="[638,974,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Etiennea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villiersi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[638,752,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">E. villiersi</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hodgson" box="[792,974,800,826]" firstAuthor="Hodgson" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" pagination="173 - 221" refId="ref9884" refString="Hodgson CJ (1991) A revision of the scale insect genera Etiennea and Platysaissetia (Homoptera: Coccidae), with particular reference to Africa. Systematic Entomology 16: 173 - 221." type="journal article" year="1991">Hodgson, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(now all in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Newstead" authorityYear="1906" box="[140,303,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,303,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Hemilecanium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)). This is quite different from what we see on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[833,955,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[833,955,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where, when seen from the side, these “sclerotised spots” appear to refer to vertical sclerotised ridges on the outer funnel-shaped tube; none of which have either an associated ductule or an outer aperture. It is therefore considered that these structures are not satellite tubular ducts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[185,1044,1011,1037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,166,1037]" box="[185,1044,1011,1037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,344,1011,1037]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,339,1011,1037]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" reason="1">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[351,602,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[351,602,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Hemilecanium cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently only known from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[949,1041,1011,1037]" name="Zambia" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,1081,1671]" box="[185,507,1081,1108]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,416,1081,1107]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,1081,1107]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" reason="1">Third-instar</emphasis>
|
||
female
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[431,497,1082,1108]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[140,174,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox="[155,1092,164,1595]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[137,1110,155,1605]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 3. Hemilecanium cedrelus Hodgson, sp. n., female 3rd- instar nymph. For lettering, see Figs 1 & 2, but where scar = position of scars left by dorsal tubercles of 2nd-instar nymph." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767143/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,1081,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Described from
|
||
<specimenCount box="[369,496,1117,1143]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
in good condition. (Note: the data in brackets for the number of dorsal tubercles are from the pharate 3rd-instar nymph – see discussion under 2nd-instar nymph below.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,1081,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,384,1222,1249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,256,1223,1249]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" reason="1">Instar</emphasis>
|
||
diagnosis.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Oval and rather flat. Dorsum with a submarginal ring of large dorsal tubercles plus 2/3 submedially on thorax. Margin with a single line of sharply spinose setae; with 3 stigmatic spines clearly differentiated from marginal spinose setae. Venter with a small group of 5-locular disc-pores posterior to anal opening; also with a sparse submarginal band of tubular ducts. Antennae 5 or 6 segmented. Legs fully developed; claw digitules dissimilar; claw with a small denticle. Spiracles of normal proportions, width of peritreme smaller than width of coxae. Mouthparts relatively large.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,1081,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,447,1469,1495]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,1469,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" reason="1">Unmounted</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dried material pale brown; oval, rather flat, with a few shallow, radial ridges. No sign of a wax test.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="10.[140,1108,1081,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,409,1539,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,296,1539,1565]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" reason="1">Mounted</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As in instar diagnosis. Body
|
||
<quantity box="[734,838,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.33" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="1.33">1.33 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity box="[950,1040,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; anal cleft about 1/5th body length. Dorsum with a submarginal ring of about 30 large dorsal tubercles plus 2(3) submedially on thorax, plus “scars” left by the 12 dorsal tubercles of 2
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[268,286,1644,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="67">nd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767143" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767143" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767143/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" startId="11.[140,174,1622,1644]" targetBox="[155,1092,164,1595]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="11.[140,1108,1621,1676]" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,204,1622,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[209,506,1622,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[209,413,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">Hemilecanium cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
Hodgson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[515,565,1623,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, female 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[653,664,1621,1633]" fontSize="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph. For lettering, see Figs 1 & 2, but where scar = position of scars left by dorsal tubercles of 2
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[664,678,1653,1665]" fontSize="5" pageId="11" pageNumber="68">nd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="12.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,291,167,193]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,286,167,193]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" reason="1">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm mainly membranous, without a sclerotised band around anterior margin of anal cleft and without a reticulate pattern of areolations. Dorsal setae very few, each short and finely spinose, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[665,740,237,263]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; distribution uncertain but very sparse. Preopercular pores absent. Dorsal microductules small, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[1026,1107,272,299]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with an inner ductule about
|
||
<quantity box="[526,585,307,334]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, most ductules swollen proximally; abundant. Other dorsal pores absent. Dorsal tubercles of more or less two
|
||
<typeStatus box="[903,964,343,369]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">types</typeStatus>
|
||
: (i) large and convex, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[359,471,378,404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="20.0">20-24 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, basically similar to those on adult female; with (on each side in a submarginal ring) 5 (5-7) on abdomen; 2 (3) between stigmatic clefts, 2 (3) between anterior cleft and eyespot and 4 anteriorly between eyespots; and (ii) what are here considered to be remains of dorsal tubercles of 2nd-instar female, structure very unclear (but probably similar to “scars” on adult female); with 3 on each side of abdomen, 1 between stigmatic clefts, between anterior cleft and eyespot and 2 anteriorly between eyespots. Anal plates each about
|
||
<quantity box="[571,659,589,615]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, width of single plate about
|
||
<quantity box="[1027,1102,589,616]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 µm</quantity>
|
||
; each plate triangular, with 4 setae: 2 inner margin setae, both short, and two other apical setae, positions uncertain, each possibly
|
||
<quantity box="[591,704,659,686]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="19.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="16.0">16-23 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Anogenital fold with a line of perhaps 8 setae along anterior margin, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[697,770,695,721]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; each lateral margin with 2 setae. Anal ring well developed, with 4 pairs of setae, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[898,988,730,756]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; anal tube about twice length of anal plates. Eyespots oval,
|
||
<quantity box="[734,847,765,791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="21.0">21-23 µm</quantity>
|
||
widest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="12.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,282,800,826]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,277,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" reason="1">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Marginal setae all sharply spinose, each
|
||
<quantity box="[726,838,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="12.0">12-16 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a broad base, rather straight sides and narrow basal sockets; with a total of 26 anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) 15-19 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic areas, 20-22 laterally between stigmatic areas and 58-64 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with a group of 2 or 3 longer, slightly curved setae, longest
|
||
<quantity box="[814,928,941,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.95" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="59.5" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="53.0">53-66 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 3 stigmatic spines, clearly differentiated from marginal spines, slightly curved and with a less pointed apex than marginal setae; median spine longest,
|
||
<quantity box="[140,253,1047,1073]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="80.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="70.0">70-90 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, each lateral spine
|
||
<quantity box="[525,638,1047,1073]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">20-40 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="12.[140,1108,166,1672]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,265,1082,1108]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,261,1082,1108]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" reason="1">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm membranous. Spiracular disc-pores, each with a broad sclerotised margin and perhaps mainly with 5 or 6 loculi, in broad bands between margin and each peritreme; with 20 or
|
||
<quantity box="[379,435,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="in" value="21.0">21 in</quantity>
|
||
each anterior band and
|
||
<quantity box="[699,793,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="6.096" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="in" value="25.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="24.0">24-26 in</quantity>
|
||
each posterior band. Preanal multilocular disc-pores each about
|
||
<quantity box="[529,589,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide with 5 loculi, in a small group of 3 each side beneath anal plates. Ventral microducts each about
|
||
<quantity box="[742,799,1223,1249]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, abundant throughout apart from marginally, where absent. Ventral tubular ducts of one
|
||
<typeStatus box="[848,898,1258,1284]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, each with an outer ductule
|
||
<quantity box="[228,300,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, inner ductule
|
||
<quantity box="[520,630,1293,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a glandular end; in a mainly narrow submarginal band but tending to be most concentrated on either side of spiracular disc-pore bands, with 3 anteriorly on head, 1-3 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic clefts, 11-12 on each side between stigmatic clefts and 11-18 on each side of abdomen. Other pore
|
||
<typeStatus box="[268,324,1434,1460]" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">types</typeStatus>
|
||
absent. Ventral setae perhaps slightly larger medially than laterally, most about
|
||
<quantity box="[210,321,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; with one longer pair and one shorter pair of inter-antennal setae, longest about
|
||
<quantity box="[298,376,1504,1531]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
||
; with long setae medially on abdominal segments V–VII, longest about
|
||
<quantity box="[209,284,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="85.0">85 µm</quantity>
|
||
; with 2 or 3 short setae associated with each coxa; other setae fairly frequent in a broad submarginal band, most abundant on abdomen, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[922,1004,1574,1601]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6-7 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="12.[140,1108,166,1672]" lastBlockId="13.[140,1108,166,509]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="12" pageNumber="69">
|
||
Antennae each either 5 segmented or slightly deformed (i.e. really 6 segmented), total length
|
||
<quantity box="[274,418,1645,1672]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" metricValueMax="2.15" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="207.5" valueMax="215.0" valueMin="200.0">200-215 µm</quantity>
|
||
; scape with 3 setae, pedicel with 2 setae + campaniform sensillum, setae on other segments uncertain. Clypeolabral shield
|
||
<quantity box="[813,901,166,193]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="185.0">185 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; labium with 4 pairs of setae. Spiracles of normal size, width of peritremes: anterior
|
||
<quantity box="[920,996,201,228]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 µm</quantity>
|
||
, posterior
|
||
<quantity box="[140,258,237,263]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="30.0">30-32 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Legs well developed; lengths (µm) of metathoracic legs: coxae 80-85; trochanter + femur 100-110; tibia + tarsus 122-140; claw 23-26; tibio-tarsal articulation poorly defined; longest coxal seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[595,712,307,334]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="59.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="58.0">58-60 µm</quantity>
|
||
; longest trochanteral seta about
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 µm</quantity>
|
||
; femur with 2 setae; tibia with 3 setae; tarsus with 3 setae; tarsal digitules perhaps extending further than claw digitules, each
|
||
<quantity box="[650,728,378,404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; claw digitules longer than claw, with one narrower than other, length
|
||
<quantity box="[628,744,413,439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="28.0">28-32 µm</quantity>
|
||
; claw with a small denticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,166,509]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,313,448,474]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,308,448,474]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Comment</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
This is the only immature stage of any
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1814" box="[761,865,448,474]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Coccidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
known to the author with preanal multilocular disc-pores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="70" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" box="[185,533,553,580]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,442,553,579]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,281,553,579]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Second-</emphasis>
|
||
instar female
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[457,524,554,580]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="14.[140,174,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox="[155,1093,401,1567]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[137,1110,399,1605]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Fig. 4. Hemilecanium cedrelus Hodgson, sp. n., female 2nd-instyar nymph. For lettering, see Figs 1 & 2, but also where 3rd = position of dorsal tubercles on pharate 3rd-instar nymph." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767145/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" box="[185,1010,588,615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
Described from a single specimen containing a pharate 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[827,841,588,602]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,385,624,650]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,256,624,650]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Instar</emphasis>
|
||
diagnosis.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Oval. Similar to 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[609,623,623,637]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar but venter without disc-pores posterior to anal opening and without tubular ducts; marginal setae and spiracular discpores fewer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,447,729,756]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,730,756]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Unmounted</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dried material pale brown; oval, rather flat, with a few shallow, radial ridges. No sign of a wax test.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,408,800,826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,296,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Mounted</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As for instar diagnosis. Body
|
||
<quantity box="[738,827,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity box="[937,1040,800,827]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="1.08">1.08 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; anal cleft about 1/6th body length. Submarginal ring of 12 dorsal tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,290,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,285,871,897]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm mainly membranous, without a sclerotised band around anterior margin of anal cleft and without a reticulate pattern of areolations. Dorsal setae possibly absent. Dorsal microductules small, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[672,754,941,968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, with or without an inner ductule, most ductules swollen proximally; sparse. Other dorsal pores absent. Dorsal tubercles of
|
||
<specimenCount box="[248,318,1011,1038]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
|
||
, each
|
||
<quantity box="[383,493,1011,1038]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="11.0">11-15 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide; structure basically similar to those on adult female but smaller, each with about 6 vertical ridges on outer inner tube; with 1 pair of tubercles anteriorly, and (on each side) 1 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic cleft, 1 laterally between stigmatic clefts and 3 or 4 on abdomen (plus dorsal tubercles of pharate 3rdinstar nymph (as indicated in brackets in the description above). Anal plates each about
|
||
<quantity box="[140,215,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, width of single plate about
|
||
<quantity box="[599,676,1187,1214]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 µm</quantity>
|
||
; each plate triangular, with 4 setae, all broken. Anogenital fold with 2 pairs of setae anteriorly, longest setae about
|
||
<quantity box="[971,1045,1223,1249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; each lateral margin with 1 seta. Anal ring well developed, with 3 pairs of setae, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[140,228,1293,1319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; anal tube about twice length of anal plates. Eyespots oval,
|
||
<quantity box="[936,1009,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 µm</quantity>
|
||
widest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,282,1328,1354]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,277,1328,1354]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Marginal setae all sharply spinose, each
|
||
<quantity box="[734,832,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">8-20 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a broad base, slightly curved sides and narrow basal sockets; with 12 anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) 6 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic areas, 6 or 7 laterally between stigmatic areas and 19-22 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe probably with a group of 2 or 3 longer setae but all broken. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 3 stigmatic spines, clearly differentiated from marginal spines, slightly curved and with a less pointed apex than marginal setae; median spine longest,
|
||
<quantity box="[856,932,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
|
||
long (only one present), each lateral spine
|
||
<quantity box="[445,558,1574,1601]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15-18 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="13.[140,1108,553,1672]" lastBlockId="15.[140,1108,166,967]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,269,1610,1636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="70">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,264,1610,1636]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="70" reason="1">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm membranous. Spiracular disc-pores each with a broad sclerotised margin and perhaps mainly with 5 loculi, in narrow bands between margin and each peritreme; with
|
||
<quantity box="[328,376,166,193]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" unit="in" value="7.0">7 in</quantity>
|
||
each anterior band and
|
||
<quantity box="[666,768,166,193]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 in</quantity>
|
||
each posterior band. Preanal multilocular disc-pores absent. Ventral microducts each about
|
||
<quantity box="[851,912,202,228]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, sparse in a broad submarginal band and also occasional medially on head, thorax and abdomen. Ventral tubular ducts absent. Other pores
|
||
<typeStatus box="[634,692,273,299]" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">types</typeStatus>
|
||
absent. Ventral setae few, with two pairs of interantennal setae, longest 33+ µm; with long setae medially on abdominal segments V–VII, longest about 80+ µm; each coxa with 1 minute associated seta; other setae in a submarginal line (1 laterally between stigmatic clefts), and an inner submarginal line on abdomen; each about
|
||
<quantity box="[539,623,201,228]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6-7 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3767145" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3767145" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3767145/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" startId="14.[140,174,1622,1644]" targetBox="[155,1093,401,1567]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="14.[140,1107,1621,1676]" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,203,1622,1644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[211,512,1622,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[211,342,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">Hemilecanium</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis box="[349,417,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
Hodgson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[523,575,1623,1644]" pageId="14" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, female 2
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[666,680,1621,1633]" fontSize="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">nd-</superScript>
|
||
instyar nymph. For lettering, see Figs 1 & 2, but also where 3
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[291,302,1653,1665]" fontSize="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">rd</superScript>
|
||
= position of dorsal tubercles on pharate 3
|
||
<superScript attach="right" box="[699,715,1653,1665]" fontSize="5" pageId="14" pageNumber="71">rd-instar</superScript>
|
||
nymph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,166,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Antennae both damaged but either 5 segmented or slightly deformed (i.e. really 6 segmented), total length perhaps
|
||
<quantity box="[548,643,272,299]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="210.0">210 µm</quantity>
|
||
; scape with 3 setae, pedicel with 2 setae + campaniform sensillum; number on other segments uncertain. Clypeolabral shield
|
||
<quantity box="[140,233,343,369]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="132.0">132 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; labium with 4 pairs of setae. Spiracles of normal size, all peritremes
|
||
<quantity box="[140,253,378,404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="17.0">17-19 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Legs well developed; lengths (µm) of metathoracic legs: coxae 78-80; trochanter + femur 116-120; tibia 80-85; tarsus 65-70; claw 20-22; tibio-tarsal articulation fairly clear; longest coxal seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[617,733,448,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="63.0" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="60.0">60-66 µm</quantity>
|
||
; all long trochanter setae broken; femur 2 setae; tibia 3 setae; tarsus 3 setae; tarsal digitules perhaps extending further than claw digitules, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[498,573,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; claw digitules longer than claw, with one clearly narrower than other, length
|
||
<quantity box="[538,654,553,580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="25.0">25-28 µm</quantity>
|
||
; claw with a small denticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,166,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,313,589,615]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,308,589,615]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" reason="1">Comment</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Despite having a slightly larger body size than the 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[930,944,588,602]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph described above, this is clearly a female 2
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[612,630,623,637]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">nd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph. This is shown not only by the smaller limbs etc, smaller number of spiracular disc-pores and absence of preanal disc-pores, but also by the presence of the pharate 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[717,731,694,708]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar and the distribution of the latter’s dorsal tubercles, which are clearly visible inside its cuticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,166,967]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Because this specimen had a pharate 3
|
||
<superScript attach="right" box="[599,612,764,778]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph within, it was possible to study the number and distribution of the dorsal tubercles, which were well developed and these data are given in brackets in the description of the 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[714,727,834,848]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph above. The number and distribution of the “scars” on the derm of the 3
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[688,701,870,884]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">rd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph agree with the number and positions of the dorsal tubercles on the 2
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[624,641,905,919]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">nd-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph and therefore clearly refer to these (see also the Discussion beneath description of 1
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[732,742,940,954]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[935,1051,941,967]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[935,1051,941,967]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,1011,1672]" box="[185,408,1011,1038]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,318,1011,1037]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" reason="1">First-instar</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[333,399,1011,1038]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[140,172,1622,1644]" captionTargetBox="[198,1046,167,1599]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[179,1067,162,1605]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 5. Hemilecanium cedrelus Hodgson,sp.n., 1st-instar nymph (sex unknown).For lettering, see Figs 1 & 2, but where E = dorsal trilocular pore; L =dorsal protuberances, and H = tibio-tarsal articulation with microspines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3778805/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,1011,1672]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,382,1046,1073]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,256,1047,1073]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" reason="1">Instar</emphasis>
|
||
diagnosis.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Oval. Dorsum membranous but with a series of 1-4 large, triangular or cone-shaped protuberances medially on most segments. Dorsal setae absent. Margin with small spinose setae. Each stigmatic cleft with 3 stigmatic spines, median spine long. Venter with three pairs of long preanal setae. Ventral microducts in a sparse submarginal line. Legs well developed; each femur with an exceptionally long seta on anterior margin; long setae also present on tibia and tarsus; claw digitules different; claw with a small denticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,1011,1672]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,413,1293,1319]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,296,1293,1319]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" reason="1">Mounted</emphasis>
|
||
material.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
As for instar diagnosis. Body
|
||
<quantity box="[769,923,1293,1320]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="0.515" valueMax="0.53" valueMin="0.5">0.5-0.53 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="0.28" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.26">0.26- 0.30 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide; anal cleft very short.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="15.[140,1108,1011,1672]" lastBlockId="17.[140,1108,166,1671]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,292,1363,1389]" pageId="15" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,287,1363,1389]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" reason="1">Dorsum</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm mainly membranous, but with large triangular or cone-shaped protuberances medially, each margin of protuberance about
|
||
<quantity box="[826,940,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="33.0">33-35 µm</quantity>
|
||
long and each
|
||
<quantity box="[140,256,1434,1460]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="20.0">20-22 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide at base, distributed as follows: none on abdominal segments V-VII, pairs on abdominal segments III & IV, singles on abdominal segments I & II, each thoracic segment plus a pair posteriorly on head and 2 pairs together more anteriorly on head. Dorsal setae absent. Dorsal microductules small, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[959,1044,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide with a long inner ductule, most ductules swollen proximally; mainly in 2 pairs of longitudinal lines, one pair of lines medially (with 5 pores on abdomen, probably 3 on thorax and 1 on head) and other lines submarginal (with 7 pores on abdomen, 2 between stigmatic clefts and 4 anteriorly); also with single pores submedially in each thoracic segment. A pair of trilocular pores present on head some distance from anterior margin, each about 3.0 µm wide. Other dorsal pores absent. Anal plates each quite elongate, about
|
||
<quantity box="[325,441,272,299]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="62.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="60.0">60-65 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a few shallow longitudinal ridges; each with a small spine on inner margin, 2 short setae along inner margin, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[982,1043,307,334]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; a very long apical seta, each
|
||
<quantity box="[463,606,342,369]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="285.0" valueMax="310.0" valueMin="260.0">260-310 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, and a single seta on posterior margin, about
|
||
<quantity box="[213,288,377,404]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Anogenital fold with a single long seta at each corner, each
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="26.0">26-28 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, and a single similar seta on each lateral margin,
|
||
<quantity box="[809,924,413,439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="25.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="23.0">23-28 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Anal ring with 2 rows of pores, each with 5-7 pores, plus 6 anal ring setae, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[994,1107,448,475]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="80.0">80-85 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; anal tube extending anterior to anal plates. Eyespots each
|
||
<quantity box="[856,970,483,510]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15-18 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3778805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3778805/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[198,1046,167,1599]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,1108,1622,1676]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,199,1622,1644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[203,484,1622,1644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[203,395,1622,1643]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">Hemilecanium cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
Hodgson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[491,538,1623,1644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<superScript attach="right" box="[558,566,1622,1634]" fontSize="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="73">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph (sex unknown). For lettering, see Figs 1 & 2, but where E = dorsal trilocular pore; L =dorsal protuberances, and H = tibio-tarsal articulation with microspines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,166,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,282,518,544]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,277,518,544]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" reason="1">Margin</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Marginal setae all finely spinose, most
|
||
<quantity box="[741,828,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6-8 µm</quantity>
|
||
long (that on each anal lobe
|
||
<quantity box="[196,310,553,580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.0">13-15 µm</quantity>
|
||
long), with well-developed socket, distributed as follows: with 8 anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) 2 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic cleft, 2 laterally between stigmatic clefts and 8 on abdomen. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 3 stigmatic spines clearly differentiated from marginal setae; median spinose seta very long, rather parallel sided and possibly with a slightly flattened apex, each
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="40.0">40- 45 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, with a broad basal socket; anterior lateral spine shortest, about
|
||
<quantity box="[985,1044,729,756]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, posterior spine about
|
||
<quantity box="[386,468,765,792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,166,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,267,800,826]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,262,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" reason="1">Venter</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Derm membranous. Spiracular disc-pores each with very thick margins and perhaps with mainly 3 or 4 loculi (occasionally 5?), with 3 pores in each anterior pore band and
|
||
<quantity box="[250,294,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
each posterior band. Ventral microducts each about
|
||
<quantity box="[874,955,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, present in a submarginal line, with (on each side) 1 on head, 2 on thorax and probably 6 on abdomen. Ventral setae few; with 1 pair of interantennal setae, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[925,998,941,967]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, and with pairs of long setae medially in abdominal segments V-VII, longest about
|
||
<quantity box="[996,1108,976,1003]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="40.0">40-45 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; short setae in a submarginal line, with (on each side) 7 on abdomen, 1 on thorax and 1 anteriorly on head; also with an inner submarginal line of 7 setae on abdomen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,166,1671]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Antennae each 6 segmented, total length
|
||
<quantity box="[654,800,1081,1108]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="162.5" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="150.0">150-175 µm</quantity>
|
||
; scape with 3 setae, pedicel with 2 quite long setae + campaniform sensillum segments: III with 3 setae, one very long, up to about
|
||
<quantity box="[349,464,1152,1179]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="80.0">80-85 µm</quantity>
|
||
long, IV 1 fleshy seta, V 1 fleshy seta + 1 flagellate seta, and VI with 3 fleshy setae, about 4 stiff apical setae + 3 flagellate setae, longest at least
|
||
<quantity box="[140,229,1223,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; length of apical seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[606,696,1223,1249]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 µm</quantity>
|
||
long. Clypeolabral shield
|
||
<quantity box="[994,1107,1222,1249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="91.0" valueMax="95.0" valueMin="87.0">87-95 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; labium with 4 pairs of setae. Spiracles: all peritremes about
|
||
<quantity box="[871,931,1258,1284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide, in a shallow concavity. Legs well developed; lengths (µm) of metathoracic legs: coxae 60-66; trochanter + femur 83-85; tibia 55-60; tarsus 45-52; claw 20-23; longest coxal seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[214,331,1363,1390]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="33.0">33-45 µm</quantity>
|
||
; longest trochanter seta about
|
||
<quantity box="[684,764,1363,1390]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
; each femur with 3 setae, one exceptionally long seta on anterior margin,
|
||
<quantity box="[649,795,1398,1425]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="145.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="140.0">140-150 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; tibia with 3 setae, 2 rather long, longest
|
||
<quantity box="[362,474,1433,1460]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="77.5" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="75.0">75-80 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; tibia with a row of microspines along distal margin on each middle and hind leg; tarsus with 4 setae, 2 quite long, longest about
|
||
<quantity box="[1024,1103,1469,1495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
|
||
; tarsal digitules both capitate, offset, extending to about equal with claw digitules, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[213,288,1539,1566]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; claw digitules longer than claw, with one distinctly narrower than other, each about
|
||
<quantity box="[342,417,1575,1601]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 µm</quantity>
|
||
long; claw with a small denticle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,166,1671]" lastBlockId="18.[140,1108,166,862]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,313,1609,1635]" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,308,1609,1635]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" reason="1">Comment</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The 1
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[389,400,1609,1623]" fontSize="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[603,724,1610,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[603,724,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="74">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctive due to the presence of the triangular or cone-shaped protuberances medially on the dorsum of most segments, unknown on any other 1
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[508,519,166,180]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymphs as far as the author is aware, including those of
|
||
<emphasis box="[288,410,202,227]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[288,406,202,227]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">H. uesatoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
However,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hodgson" box="[536,731,202,228]" firstAuthor="Hodgson" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="193 - 215" refId="ref9919" refString="Hodgson CJ (1993) The immature instars and adult male of Etiennea (Homoptera: Coccidae) with a discussion of its affinities. Journal of African Zoology 107: 193 - 215." type="journal article" year="1993">Hodgson (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, when describing the dorsum of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1991" box="[140,504,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Etiennea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petasus" subGenus="Hemilecanium">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,504,237,263]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">Etiennea (Hemilecanium) petasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wrote “Derm entirely membranous, but thrown into small dermal nodules – in some specimens, these are rather pronounced and found throughout, in others they are few, but are always present around the margin and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">in pairs medially,</emphasis>
|
||
probably one pair per segment” (my italics). In seems possible, therefore, that these “nodules” are just more pronounced on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[698,817,378,404]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[698,817,378,404]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, the presence of very long setae on each femoral segment of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[665,786,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[665,786,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unusual, although similar setae are known on other species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hodgson" box="[528,709,448,474]" firstAuthor="Hodgson" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="193 - 215" refId="ref9919" refString="Hodgson CJ (1993) The immature instars and adult male of Etiennea (Homoptera: Coccidae) with a discussion of its affinities. Journal of African Zoology 107: 193 - 215." type="journal article" year="1993">Hodgson, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="1991" box="[801,876,449,474]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Etiennea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petasus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[801,876,449,474]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">petasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group as defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kondo and Hardy" box="[140,439,483,509]" firstAuthor="Kondo" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="189 - 212" refId="ref10007" refString="Kondo T, Hardy NB (2008) Synonymy of Etiennea Matile-Ferrero with Hemilecanium Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccidae), based on morphology of adult females, adult males and firstinstar nymphs, and description of a new potential pest species from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Entomological Science 11: 189 - 212." type="journal article" year="2008">Kondo and Hardy (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. They are also known on
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Cockerell) (Ray & Williams, 1982)" authorityName="Ray & Williams" authorityYear="1982" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Protopulvinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[731,1020,483,509]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">Protopulvinaria pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
(Cockerell) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ray & Williams" box="[211,472,518,545]" firstAuthor="Ray" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="169 - 176" refId="ref10144" refString="Ray CH, Williams ML (1982) Descriptions of the immature stages of Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) (Homoptera: Coccidae). The Florida Entomologist 65: 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="1982">Ray & Williams, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[537,719,518,545]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Kilifia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[537,607,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">Kilifia</emphasis>
|
||
De Lotto
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ray & Williams" box="[733,997,518,545]" firstAuthor="Ray" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="169 - 176" refId="ref10144" refString="Ray CH, Williams ML (1982) Descriptions of the immature stages of Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) (Homoptera: Coccidae). The Florida Entomologist 65: 169 - 176." type="journal article" year="1982">Ray & Williams, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition to the triangular or cone-shaped protuberances medially, which are absent on the 1
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[155,166,588,602]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymph of
|
||
<emphasis box="[363,480,590,615]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[363,476,590,615]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">H. uesatoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the 1
|
||
<superScript attach="none" box="[545,556,588,602]" fontSize="6" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">st-</superScript>
|
||
instar nymphs of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[762,882,589,615]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[762,882,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[140,252,625,650]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,252,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. uesatoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having (character-states on
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[607,719,625,650]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[607,719,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. uesatoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kondo & Hardy" box="[801,1068,624,650]" firstAuthor="Kondo" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="189 - 212" refId="ref10007" refString="Kondo T, Hardy NB (2008) Synonymy of Etiennea Matile-Ferrero with Hemilecanium Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccidae), based on morphology of adult females, adult males and firstinstar nymphs, and description of a new potential pest species from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Entomological Science 11: 189 - 212." type="journal article" year="2008">Kondo & Hardy, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in brackets): (i) long femoral setae on all femora (restricted to the metafemur only); and (ii) claw digitules dissimilar (similar).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,166,862]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,320,730,756]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,315,730,756]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[538,621,730,756]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[538,621,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is taken from the generic name of the host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[213,363,765,791]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="toona">
|
||
<emphasis box="[213,363,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">Cedrela toona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="A.L.Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[378,497,765,792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Meliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,166,862]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
A key to the adult females of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" authorityYear="1906" box="[513,791,800,826]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[513,673,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">Hemilecanium</emphasis>
|
||
Newstead
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was included in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kondo and Hardy" firstAuthor="Kondo" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" pagination="189 - 212" refId="ref10007" refString="Kondo T, Hardy NB (2008) Synonymy of Etiennea Matile-Ferrero with Hemilecanium Newstead (Hemiptera: Coccidae), based on morphology of adult females, adult males and firstinstar nymphs, and description of a new potential pest species from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Entomological Science 11: 189 - 212." type="journal article" year="2008">Kondo and Hardy (2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, p. 195). This key can be modified to include
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[811,931,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[811,931,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="75" type="key">
|
||
<keyStep pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,905,1213]" box="[140,1108,905,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<keyLead box="[140,1108,905,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">6. Stigmatic spines not differentiated from marginal spines ..................................... 7</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,905,1213]" box="[140,1108,941,967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<keyLead box="[140,1108,941,967]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">– Stigmatic spines clearly differentiated from marginal setae ................................ 9a</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,905,1213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
9a Dorsum with dorsal tubercles present throughout dorsum; antennae 6-segmented; spiracles very large, posterior peritreme generally more than 1.7 times wider than basal width of metacoxa .....................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hodgson, 2008" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityYear="2008" box="[851,971,1046,1072]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrelus" status="new species">
|
||
<emphasis box="[851,971,1046,1072]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. cedrelus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[977,1107,1046,1073]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="18.[140,1108,905,1213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<keyLead pageId="18" pageNumber="75">
|
||
– Dorsum with dorsal tubercles generally restricted to a submarginal band (except
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kondo & Hardy. The" authorityYear="2008" box="[185,298,1118,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Hemilecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uesatoi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,298,1118,1143]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="75">H. uesatoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); antennae usually more than 6 segmented; spiracles smaller, width of peritremes of posterior spiracles usually less than basal width of metacoxa............. ..................................................................................9b (9b is original couplet 9)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |