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<mods:title id="88915204EE67F507FD4767FCE035FDE9">A review of the endoparasitic isopods (Epicaridea: Entoniscidae) from hermit crabs, including description of the new subfamily Diogenioninae and a new species of Paguritherium Reinhard, 1945 from the Philippines</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="62E030FE761CE1C54C3C19A694934831">Detorre, Marissa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7066E5B5DF903F039A3A00D118D43CD5">Department of Biology, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA &amp; marissadetorre @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8626 - 7202</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FF61AC8B5940FC0A" bold="true" box="[151,512,942,969]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC7CA42FF61ACF65A69FC2E" box="[151,297,979,1005]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStart-2="FIGURE 9" captionStart-3="FIGURE 10" captionStart-4="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="12.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionStartId-1="13.[152,251,1922,1946]" captionStartId-2="14.[152,255,1120,1144]" captionStartId-3="15.[152,255,1841,1865]" captionStartId-4="16.[152,255,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox-0="[212,1376,181,1748]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,181,1097]" captionTargetBox-3="[160,1426,181,1811]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,181,1856]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@12.[212,1376,181,1748]" captionTargetId-1="figure-383@13.[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@14.[151,1436,181,1097]" captionTargetId-3="figure-25@15.[160,1426,181,1817]" captionTargetId-4="figure-19@16.[151,1436,181,1856]" captionTargetPageId-0="12" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionTargetPageId-2="14" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female (A = USNM 1522342, B, D = USNM 1522339, C, E = USNM 1522338). A. Host Calcinus gaimardii with ovigerous female paratype exposed in abdomen. Arrow shows exit pore in the middle of host pereomere 5. B. Ovigerous female paratype removed from anterior portion of abdomen of host, ventral view. C. Ovigerous female holotype removed from posterior portion of abdomen of same specimen as B, ventral view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. D. Female paratype shown in B, dorsal view. E. Female holotype shown in C, dorsal view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. Abbreviations: Hd, head; In, intestine of host. Scale bars: A–E = 1 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A = USNM 1522346, B = USNM 1522347).A. Ovigerous female removed from host, dorsal view. Brood of female with eggs and epicaridium larvae. B. Female removed from host, parasite with calcified areas (shown by asterisks) and exhibiting signs of being degraded.Abbreviations: Hd, head. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 9. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A–D = ZRC 2022.0965). A. Head, ventral view. B. Head, lateral view of head and basal portion of oostegite 1. C. Ventral view of body, oostegites removed. D. Pleon, lateral view. Male paratype (E–H, ZRC 2022.0963). E. Lateral view. F. Head, lateral view showing mouthparts and antennulae. G. Head, ventral view. H. Pereopod 6. Scale bars: A–D = 500 µm; E, G = 250 µm; F = 100 µm; H = 50 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 10. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., epicaridium larva (A–E = ZRC 2022.0965, F=JW11-121-28). A. Habitus, lateral view. B. Habitus, ventral view. C. Head showing antennulae, mouthparts, proximal segments of antennae, and pereopods 1–3, ventral view. D. Left antenna (4 peduncular and 2 flagellar segments shown by numbers). E. Pereopods 1–5. F. Pereopod 1 with serrated fan-like setae on propodus (indicated by arrows). Abbreviations: P1–P6, pereopods 1–6. Scale bars: A, B = 50 μm; C–E = 25 μm; F = 10 μm." captionText-4="FIGURE 11. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., epicaridium larva (A–F= ZRC 2022.0965). A. Posterior end showing pereopods 4–6 and pleopods. B. Pereopod 6. C. Pereopod 6, close-up of propodus and dactylus (indicated by arrow). D. Pleopods 1–3. E. Pleopod 5. F. Pleotelson and uropods, dorsal view.Abbreviations: P6, pereopod 6; Pl1, pleopod 1; Pl5, pleopod 5. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B, D, E = 15 μm; C = 5 μm; F = 25μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685293" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685297" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685299" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685301" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685303" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7685293/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7685297/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7685299/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7685301/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7685303/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Figures 7–11</figureCitation>
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unidentified entoniscid 
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Williams 
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2019: 85
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, 101.
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sp. 
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, 12, 17–22, 24, figures, 7 
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12.
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<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FB22AB855E65FB79" box="[1236,1317,1184,1210]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">female</specimenCount>
), infesting male 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FF21ABE15AF1FB1D" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[215,433,1220,1246]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FF21ABE15AF1FB1D" box="[215,433,1220,1246]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Calcinus gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FE35ABE1595CFB1C" box="[451,540,1220,1247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FC67ABE15F0CFB1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FC67ABE15F0CFB1D" box="[913,1100,1220,1246]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Lalaguna Beach" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Lalaguna Beach</location>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FBAFABE05FB9FB1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FBAFABE05FB9FB1D" box="[1113,1273,1220,1247]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FAF1ABE05ED8FB1C" box="[1287,1432,1221,1248]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="32" value="13.525556">13°31′32″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FF61ABCC5A64FAC0" box="[151,292,1257,1284]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="8" value="120.96889">120°58′8″ E</geoCoordinate>
(type locality), coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FDD6ABCC59FFFAC1" box="[544,703,1256,1283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FD39ABCD582BFAC1" box="[719,875,1256,1282]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-31">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FD39ABCD582BFAC1" box="[719,875,1256,1282]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-31">31 July 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FC8CABCD5877FA89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877315" collectingDate="1997-07-28" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.525556" location="Lalaguna Beach" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522341" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
Ovigerous 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FC0CABCD5F06FAC1" box="[1018,1094,1256,1282]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FBA7ABCC5FF1FAC0" box="[1105,1201,1257,1283]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FB33ABCD5E6FFAC1" box="[1221,1327,1256,1283]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FABFABCD5EDCFAC1" box="[1353,1436,1256,1282]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FF61AA295BBDFAE4" box="[151,253,1292,1319]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522341</specimenCode>
), infesting male 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FE48AA29590FFAE5" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[446,591,1292,1318]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FE48AA29590FFAE5" box="[446,591,1292,1318]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C. gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FD96AA2959FAFAE4" box="[608,698,1292,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FBC6AA295FABFAE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FBC6AA295FABFAE5" box="[1072,1259,1292,1318]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Lalaguna Beach" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Lalaguna Beach</location>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FB0EAA285ED8FAE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FB0EAA285ED8FAE5" box="[1272,1432,1292,1319]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FF61AA145A65FA88" box="[151,293,1329,1356]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="32" value="13.525556">13°31′32″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FED9AA145AFAFA88" box="[303,442,1329,1356]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="8" value="120.96889">120°58′8″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FE0AAA1459D6FA89" box="[508,662,1328,1355]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FD57AA155873FA89" box="[673,819,1328,1354]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-28">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FD57AA155873FA89" box="[673,819,1328,1354]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-28">28 July 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FCCAAA145F2DFAAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877313" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522342" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FCCAAA14582DFA88" box="[828,877,1329,1355]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Two</specimenCount>
ovigerous 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FC1EAA155F74FA89" box="[1000,1076,1328,1354]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FBCCAA145FE5FA88" box="[1082,1189,1329,1355]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(9.0 mm and 
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FAC8AA155ED4FA89" box="[1342,1428,1328,1355]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FF69AA715BB2FAAD" box="[159,242,1364,1390]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FF0EAA715A1EFAAC" box="[248,350,1364,1391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522342</specimenCode>
), infesting male 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FDE1AA7159E5FAAD" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[535,677,1364,1391]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FDE1AA71596AFAAD" box="[535,554,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FDCEAA7159E5FAAD" box="[568,677,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FD42AA71584BFAAC" box="[692,779,1364,1391]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FB82AA7158B3FA75" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877302" collectingDate="1997-07-31" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.525556" location="Puerto Galera" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" municipality="Lalaguna Beach" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522343" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
ovigerous 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FB1FAA715E75FAAD" box="[1257,1333,1364,1390]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FACAAA705EDCFAAC" box="[1340,1436,1365,1391]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FF69AA5D5A46FA51" box="[159,262,1400,1427]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.59" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="15.9">15.9 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FEEAAA5D5A2FFA51" box="[284,367,1400,1426]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FE80AA5D5A9CFA50" box="[374,476,1400,1427]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522343</specimenCode>
), infesting female 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FD5AAA5D5850FA51" authorityName="Randall" authorityYear="1840" box="[684,784,1400,1427]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latens">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FD5AAA5D59FFFA51" box="[684,703,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FD3BAA5D5850FA51" box="[717,784,1400,1426]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">latens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(3.0 mm SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4C217FFC7CA42FB16AA5D5ED8FA51" box="[1248,1432,1400,1426]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Lalaguna Beach</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FF61AAB85A75FA75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FF61AAB85A75FA75" box="[151,309,1436,1463]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" municipality="Lalaguna Beach" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FEB4AAB85A92FA74" box="[322,466,1437,1464]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="32" value="13.525556">13°31′32″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FE28AAB8592AFA74" box="[478,618,1437,1464]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="8" value="120.96889">120°58′8″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FD46AAB8580CFA75" box="[688,844,1436,1463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FCAFAAB958AEFA75" box="[857,1006,1436,1462]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-31">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FCAFAAB958AEFA75" box="[857,1006,1436,1462]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-31">31 July 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FC0CAAB958B6FA3D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877305" collectingDate="1997-07-05" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.698055" location="Puerto Galera" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.82972" municipality="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522344" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sombrero Island" typeStatus="paratype">
Ovigerous 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FB81AAB95F83FA75" box="[1143,1219,1436,1462]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FB3DAAB85E6BFA74" box="[1227,1323,1437,1463]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FACDAAB95ED4FA75" box="[1339,1428,1436,1462]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="9.8">9.8 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FF69AAE55BB2FA19" box="[159,242,1472,1498]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FF0AAAE55A22FA18" box="[252,354,1472,1499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522344</specimenCode>
), infesting female 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FDCBAAE559AEFA19" authorityName="Randall" authorityYear="1840" box="[573,750,1472,1498]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latens">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FDCBAAE559AEFA19" box="[573,750,1472,1498]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Calcinus latens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FCF7AAE5581CFA18" box="[769,860,1472,1499]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.2">5.2 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<collectingRegion id="49DB968FFFC7CA42FB2EAAE55ED8FA19" box="[1240,1432,1472,1498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Sombrero Island</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4C217FFC7CA42FF61AAC05A76FA3D" box="[151,310,1508,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Puerto Galera</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FEB4AAC05A93FA3C" box="[322,467,1509,1536]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="53" value="13.698055">13°41′53″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FE29AAC05939FA3C" box="[479,633,1509,1536]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="47" value="120.82972">120°49′47″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FD36AAC0581DFA3D" box="[704,861,1508,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FC9CAAC158B2FA3D" box="[874,1010,1508,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FC9CAAC158B2FA3D" box="[874,1010,1508,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-05">5 July 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FC09AAC158D2F985" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877307" collectingDate="1997-07-05" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.698055" location="Puerto Galera" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.82972" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522345" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Sombrero Island" typeStatus="paratype">
ovigerous 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FB80AAC15F82FA3D" box="[1142,1218,1508,1534]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FB3CAAC05E6AFA3C" box="[1226,1322,1509,1535]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FACDAAC15ED4FA3D" box="[1339,1428,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FF69A92D5BB2F9E1" box="[159,242,1544,1570]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FF0DA92D5A21F9E0" box="[251,353,1544,1571]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522345</specimenCode>
), infesting female 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FDCCA92D59E1F9E1" authorityName="Randall" authorityYear="1840" box="[570,673,1544,1571]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latens">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FDCCA92D590DF9E1" box="[570,589,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FDA8A92D59E1F9E1" box="[606,673,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">latens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FD45A92D584DF9E0" box="[691,781,1544,1571]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<collectingRegion id="49DB968FFFC7CA42FB73A92D5E05F9E1" box="[1157,1349,1544,1570]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Sombrero Island</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FAA5A92C5BA4F985" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FAA5A92C5BA4F985" latitude="13.698055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.82972" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Sombrero Island">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FF19A9085A3DF984" box="[239,381,1581,1608]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="53" value="13.698055">13°41′53″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FE7EA9085960F984" box="[392,544,1581,1608]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="47" value="120.82972">120°49′47″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FD95A90859BEF985" box="[611,766,1580,1607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FCFFA90958CDF985" box="[777,909,1580,1607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FCFFA90958CDF985" box="[777,909,1580,1607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1997-07-05">5 July 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FC6EA9095F0FF94D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877317" collectingDate="1999-03-03" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.525556" location="Lalaguna Beach" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522340" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FC6EA90958AAF985" box="[920,1002,1580,1606]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">Female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FC07A9085F11F984" box="[1009,1105,1581,1607]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FBA9A9095FF7F985" box="[1119,1207,1580,1607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
) and multiple larvae on SEM stub (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FEC9A9755AD2F9A9" box="[319,402,1616,1642]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FE6AA9755942F9A8" box="[412,514,1616,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522340</specimenCode>
), infesting male 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FD35A9755813F9A9" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[707,851,1616,1643]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FD35A9755996F9A9" box="[707,726,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FD10A9755813F9A9" box="[742,851,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FC93A97558FEF9A8" box="[869,958,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="5.4">5.4 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FAC2A9755BA0F94D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FAC2A9755BA0F94D" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Lalaguna Beach" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Lalaguna Beach</location>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FF1CA9505AC7F94D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FF1CA9505AC7F94D" box="[234,391,1652,1679]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FE64A9505960F94C" box="[402,544,1653,1680]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="32" value="13.525556">13°31′32″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FDDDA9505983F94C" box="[555,707,1653,1680]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="08" value="120.96889">120°58′08″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FCF0A95058E1F94D" box="[774,929,1652,1679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FC5DA9515F0AF94D" box="[939,1098,1652,1678]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1999-03-03">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FC5DA9515F0AF94D" box="[939,1098,1652,1678]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1999-03-03">3 March 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FBA3A95158E6F915" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877311" collectingDate="1999-02-13" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.704027" location="Anilao" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.87925" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="1522347" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Batangas" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FBA3A9515FE7F94D" box="[1109,1191,1652,1678]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">Female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FB5BA9505E4DF94C" box="[1197,1293,1653,1679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(broken, not measured; 
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FEE6A9BD5A21F971" box="[272,353,1688,1714]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FE91A9BD5A8DF970" box="[359,461,1688,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">1522347</specimenCode>
), infesting male 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FD75A9BD584FF971" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[643,783,1688,1714]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FD75A9BD584FF971" box="[643,783,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C. gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(4.0 mm SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<collectingRegion id="49DB968FFFC7CA42FB21A9BC5E00F970" box="[1239,1344,1689,1715]" country="Philippines" name="Batangas" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Batangas</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FABFA9BD5ED8F971" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FABFA9BD5ED8F971" box="[1353,1432,1688,1714]" latitude="13.704027" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.87925" name="Anilao" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Batangas">Anilao</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FF61A9985A7AF914" box="[151,314,1725,1752]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="14.5" value="13.704027">13°42′14.5″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FEB3A9985AB2F914" box="[325,498,1725,1752]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="45.3" value="120.87925">120°52′45.3″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FDC2A998598FF915" box="[564,719,1724,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FD2FA99958E2F915" box="[729,930,1724,1750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1999-02-13">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FD2FA99958E2F915" box="[729,930,1724,1750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1999-02-13">13 February 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FC5AA9995FDAF8DD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877308" collectingDate="1999-02-13" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.704027" location="Anilao" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.87925" municipality="Anilao" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="2022.0963" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Batangas" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FC5AA99958BEF915" box="[940,1022,1724,1750]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">Female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FBF2A9985F24F914" box="[1028,1124,1725,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(broken, not measured) and 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FF61A9C55B8DF939" box="[151,205,1760,1786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="male">male</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FF23A9C45A75F938" box="[213,309,1761,1787]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FEB3A9C55ADEF939" box="[325,414,1760,1786]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FE43A9C55AADF939" box="[437,493,1760,1786]" collectionName="Singapore, National University of Singapore, Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Zoological Reference Collection" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">ZRC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FE03A9C55931F939" box="[501,625,1760,1786]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">2022.0963</specimenCode>
), infesting female 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FCB7A9C55890F939" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[833,976,1760,1786]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FCB7A9C55890F939" box="[833,976,1760,1786]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C. gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FC29A9C55F78F938" box="[991,1080,1760,1787]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting unknown shell, 
<collectingRegion id="49DB968FFFC7CA42FF61A8205A40F8DC" box="[151,256,1797,1823]" country="Philippines" name="Batangas" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Batangas</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC4C217FFC7CA42FEFBA8215A1CF8DD" box="[269,348,1796,1822]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Anilao</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FE9CA8205951F8DC" box="[362,529,1797,1824]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="14.5" value="13.704027">13°42′14.5″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FDE9A820598FF8DC" box="[543,719,1797,1824]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="45.3" value="120.87925">120°52′45.3″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FCEFA82058F7F8DD" box="[793,951,1796,1823]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FC30A8215FD5F8DD" box="[966,1173,1796,1822]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1999-02-13">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FC30A8215FD5F8DD" box="[966,1173,1796,1822]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="1999-02-13">13 February 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FB55A821581FF8A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877312" collectingDate="2000-06-10" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.698055" location="Puerto Galera" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.82972" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="2022.0964" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sombrero Island">
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FB55A8215FB5F8DD" box="[1187,1269,1796,1822]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">Female</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FAF1A8215E22F8DD" box="[1287,1378,1796,1823]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
) and 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FF61A80D5B8DF881" box="[151,205,1832,1858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="male">male</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FF28A80D5A78F881" box="[222,312,1832,1858]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FEA6A80D5AC8F881" box="[336,392,1832,1858]" collectionName="Singapore, National University of Singapore, Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Zoological Reference Collection" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">ZRC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FE67A80D594DF881" box="[401,525,1832,1858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">2022.0964</specimenCode>
), infesting unidentified hermit crab (damaged), 
<collectingRegion id="49DB968FFFC7CA42FBD8A80D5FACF881" box="[1070,1260,1832,1858]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Sombrero Island</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FB0FA80C5ED8F881" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FB0FA80C5ED8F881" box="[1273,1432,1832,1859]" latitude="13.698055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.82972" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Sombrero Island">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FF61A8685A68F8A4" box="[151,296,1869,1896]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="53" value="13.698055">13°41′53″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FEC2A8685A8FF8A4" box="[308,463,1869,1896]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="47" value="120.82972">120°49′47″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FDE0A86859F3F8A5" box="[534,691,1868,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FD36A869581CF8A5" box="[704,860,1868,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="2000-06-10">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FD36A869581CF8A5" box="[704,860,1868,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="2000-06-10">10 June 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B775230FFC7CA42FC91A8695F0FF811" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4039877301" collectingDate="2000-06-18" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="J. D. Williams" latitude="13.525556" location="Puerto Galera" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="2022.0965, 2018.0820" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Lalaguna Beach" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC7CA42FC91A86958F9F8A5" box="[871,953,1868,1894]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="female">Female</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC7CA42FC34A8685F62F8A4" box="[962,1058,1869,1895]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(8.0 mm) and multiple larvae on SEM stub (
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FEEAA8555A14F849" box="[284,340,1904,1930]" collectionName="Singapore, National University of Singapore, Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Zoological Reference Collection" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">ZRC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FEA8A8555A9AF848" box="[350,474,1904,1931]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">2022.0965</specimenCode>
), female infesting 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FD45A8555804F849" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[691,836,1904,1930]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FD45A8555804F849" box="[691,836,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">C. gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<quantity id="4CE7F588FFC7CA42FCAEA85558F2F848" box="[856,946,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
SL), inhabiting 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FB85A8555B9BF86D" authority="(Roding, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Drupella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cornus">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FB85A8555E6FF849" box="[1139,1327,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Drupella cornus</emphasis>
(Röding, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
, host also with bopyrid parasite in right branchial chamber (
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC7CA42FC71A8B05F16F86D" authorityName="Williams, Boyko &amp; Madad" authorityYear="2019" box="[903,1110,1941,1966]" class="Malacostraca" family="Bopyridae" genus="Bopyrissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marami">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC7CA42FC71A8B05F16F86D" box="[903,1110,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Bopyrissa marami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<collectionCode id="ED0EC0A8FFC7CA42FB90A8B15FDCF86D" box="[1126,1180,1940,1966]" collectionName="Singapore, National University of Singapore, Raffles Museum of Biodiversity Research, Zoological Reference Collection" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">ZRC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="DBB9F016FFC7CA42FB53A8B15E61F86D" box="[1189,1313,1940,1966]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">2018.0820</specimenCode>
), 
<collectingRegion id="49DB968FFFC7CA42FAC2A8B15BA0F811" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">Lalaguna Beach</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FF1DA89C5AC8F811" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B6E97BFFC7CA58FF61AC8B58A2FA26:8EC00EB6FFC7CA42FF1DA89C5AC8F811" box="[235,392,1976,2003]" latitude="13.525556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="120.96889" name="Puerto Galera" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" stateProvince="Lalaguna Beach">Puerto Galera</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FE62A89C5963F810" box="[404,547,1977,2004]" degrees="13" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="32" value="13.525556">13°31′32″ N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2B3EAAFFC7CA42FDD8A89C5987F810" box="[558,711,1977,2004]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" precision="15" seconds="08" value="120.96889">120°58′08″ E</geoCoordinate>
, coll. 
<collectorName id="26EA3DBBFFC7CA42FCFDA89C58E7F811" box="[779,935,1976,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23">J.D. Williams</collectorName>
, 
<date id="FFA17EADFFC7CA42FC44A89D5F0CF811" box="[946,1100,1976,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="2000-06-18">
<collectingDate id="EFE58745FFC7CA42FC44A89D5F0CF811" box="[946,1100,1976,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="23" value="2000-06-18">18 June 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6008E5FFC0CA45FF6EA9C95AD6F81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685293" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685293/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="24" startId="12.[152,255,1772,1796]" targetBox="[212,1376,181,1748]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC0CA45FF6EA9C95AD6F81F" blockId="12.[151,1437,1772,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FF6EA9C95A5BF8C6" bold="true" box="[152,283,1772,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC0CA45FED3A9C95918F8C7" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[293,600,1772,1796]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FED3A9C95918F8C7" box="[293,600,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FD97A9C859DEF8C6" bold="true" box="[609,670,1773,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFC0CA45FD97A9C859DEF8C6" box="[609,670,1773,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female (A = USNM 1522342, B, D = USNM 1522339, C, E = USNM 1522338). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FEFEA8355A5AF8EB" bold="true" box="[264,282,1808,1832]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">A</emphasis>
. Host 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC0CA45FE95A8355969F8EB" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1848" box="[355,553,1808,1832]" class="Malacostraca" family="Diogenidae" genus="Calcinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaimardii">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FE95A8355969F8EB" box="[355,553,1808,1832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">Calcinus gaimardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with ovigerous female paratype exposed in abdomen. Arrow shows exit pore in the middle of host pereomere 5. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FE4CA8105A8BF88E" bold="true" box="[442,459,1845,1869]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">B</emphasis>
. Ovigerous female paratype removed from anterior portion of abdomen of host, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FA72A8115ED6F88F" bold="true" box="[1412,1430,1844,1868]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">C</emphasis>
. Ovigerous female holotype removed from posterior portion of abdomen of same specimen as B, ventral view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FD68A85859F0F856" bold="true" box="[670,688,1917,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">D</emphasis>
. Female paratype shown in B, dorsal view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC0CA45FB86A8585FC1F856" bold="true" box="[1136,1153,1917,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="24">E</emphasis>
. Female holotype shown in C, dorsal view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. Abbreviations: Hd, head; In, intestine of host. Scale bars: A–E = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3050BE6FFC1CA44FF31AFB25BA0FF3A" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC1CA44FF31AFB25BA0FF3A" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FF31AFB25A12FF72" bold="true" box="[199,338,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Etymology:</emphasis>
The specific name is from the Tagalog deity Manggagaway, one of the goddesses of Kasamaan (underworld) opposed to Bathala (the supreme being, maker of all things) and blamed as the cause of disease (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFC1CA44FAA5AF9E5B94FF3A" author="Piscos, J. L. C." pageId="13" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref18751" refString="Piscos, J. L. C. (2019) Stewardship towards God's creation among early Filipinos: implications to inculturated faith. Bedan Research Journal, 4, 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="2019">Piscos 2019</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3050BE6FFC1CA47FF31AE275A9CF88A" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC1CA44FF31AE275F22FD46" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FF31AE275F18FEDF" bold="true" box="[199,1112,258,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
Description of female (based on 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC1CA44FDA5AE2659FBFEDE" box="[595,699,259,285]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, USNM 1522338, and 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC1CA44FC39AE275F0BFEDF" box="[975,1099,258,284]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
Female in abdomen of host surrounded by host-induced sheath. Female positioned with anterior end at posterior end of host and ventral surface of parasite directed to dorsal surface of host (fig. 7A). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FCF2AE6E5805FEA6" box="[772,837,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Pleon</emphasis>
extended into thoracic cavity of host and continuing to exit pore in middle of fifth pereomere (fig. 7A), or more anteriorly, including to branchial chamber, mouthparts, or at base of host eye stalk. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FE17AEB6595EFE6E" box="[481,542,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Head</emphasis>
bilobed (
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FD7BAEB6599EFE6E" box="[653,734,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[152,251,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-383@13.[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A = USNM 1522346, B = USNM 1522347).A. Ovigerous female removed from host, dorsal view. Brood of female with eggs and epicaridium larvae. B. Female removed from host, parasite with calcified areas (shown by asterisks) and exhibiting signs of being degraded.Abbreviations: Hd, head. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685297/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FD1BAEB65875FE6E" box="[749,821,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1120,1144]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1097]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[151,1436,181,1097]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A–D = ZRC 2022.0965). A. Head, ventral view. B. Head, lateral view of head and basal portion of oostegite 1. C. Ventral view of body, oostegites removed. D. Pleon, lateral view. Male paratype (E–H, ZRC 2022.0963). E. Lateral view. F. Head, lateral view showing mouthparts and antennulae. G. Head, ventral view. H. Pereopod 6. Scale bars: A–D = 500 µm; E, G = 250 µm; F = 100 µm; H = 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685299/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">9A, B</figureCitation>
), with approximately spherical lobes. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FB18AEB65E2AFE6E" box="[1262,1386,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Antennules</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FF61AE925BBEFE13" box="[151,254,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">antennae</emphasis>
as fused pads anterior to head (fig. 9A, B). Pair of small 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FC55AE925F64FE12" box="[931,1060,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">maxillipeds</emphasis>
present. Five pairs of 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FADAAE925EDCFE13" box="[1324,1436,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">oostegites</emphasis>
present; oostegite 1 largest, ascendant lobe extending anterior to head and smaller recurrent lobe (
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FB2BAEFE5E1FFE36" box="[1245,1375,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,181,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[212,1376,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female (A = USNM 1522342, B, D = USNM 1522339, C, E = USNM 1522338). A. Host Calcinus gaimardii with ovigerous female paratype exposed in abdomen. Arrow shows exit pore in the middle of host pereomere 5. B. Ovigerous female paratype removed from anterior portion of abdomen of host, ventral view. C. Ovigerous female holotype removed from posterior portion of abdomen of same specimen as B, ventral view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. D. Female paratype shown in B, dorsal view. E. Female holotype shown in C, dorsal view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. Abbreviations: Hd, head; In, intestine of host. Scale bars: A–E = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Figs. 7B–E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FA9CAEFE5ECFFE36" box="[1386,1423,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[152,251,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-383@13.[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A = USNM 1522346, B = USNM 1522347).A. Ovigerous female removed from host, dorsal view. Brood of female with eggs and epicaridium larvae. B. Female removed from host, parasite with calcified areas (shown by asterisks) and exhibiting signs of being degraded.Abbreviations: Hd, head. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685297/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">8A</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FF61AEDA5B98FDDA" box="[151,216,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Pleon</emphasis>
slender, stalk-like, of five pleomeres plus pleotelson (fig. 9C, D); 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FC44AEDA5F64FDDA" box="[946,1060,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">pleomeres</emphasis>
subequal in size, tapering slightly posteriorly; channel formed between five pairs of long pleopods, at least last two pairs of pleopods extending beyond pleotelson (fig. 9C, D). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FDF9AD625930FDA2" box="[527,624,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Uropods</emphasis>
absent. Rounded 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FCB2AD62583FFDA2" box="[836,895,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">heart</emphasis>
in pleomere 1 (
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FBC8AD625FE7FDA2" box="[1086,1191,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[152,255,1120,1144]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1097]" captionTargetId="figure-19@14.[151,1436,181,1097]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A–D = ZRC 2022.0965). A. Head, ventral view. B. Head, lateral view of head and basal portion of oostegite 1. C. Ventral view of body, oostegites removed. D. Pleon, lateral view. Male paratype (E–H, ZRC 2022.0963). E. Lateral view. F. Head, lateral view showing mouthparts and antennulae. G. Head, ventral view. H. Pereopod 6. Scale bars: A–D = 500 µm; E, G = 250 µm; F = 100 µm; H = 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685299/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Figs. 9D</figureCitation>
). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FB49AD625EDDFDA2" box="[1215,1437,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Brood development</emphasis>
asynchronous; multiple stages of development observed in single female (
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FC22AD4E5F63FD46" box="[980,1059,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1772,1796]" captionTargetBox="[212,1376,181,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-19@12.[212,1376,181,1748]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female (A = USNM 1522342, B, D = USNM 1522339, C, E = USNM 1522338). A. Host Calcinus gaimardii with ovigerous female paratype exposed in abdomen. Arrow shows exit pore in the middle of host pereomere 5. B. Ovigerous female paratype removed from anterior portion of abdomen of host, ventral view. C. Ovigerous female holotype removed from posterior portion of abdomen of same specimen as B, ventral view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. D. Female paratype shown in B, dorsal view. E. Female holotype shown in C, dorsal view. Dashed arrow shows where the two female parasites overlapped. Abbreviations: Hd, head; In, intestine of host. Scale bars: A–E = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685293" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685293/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="132444E8FFC1CA44FBD9AD4E5F15FD46" box="[1071,1109,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[152,251,1922,1946]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-383@13.[151,1436,990,1896]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paguritherium manggagaway n. sp., female paratype (A = USNM 1522346, B = USNM 1522347).A. Ovigerous female removed from host, dorsal view. Brood of female with eggs and epicaridium larvae. B. Female removed from host, parasite with calcified areas (shown by asterisks) and exhibiting signs of being degraded.Abbreviations: Hd, head. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685297/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC1CA44FF31ADAB5A0CFC0A" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FF31ADAB5F21FD6B" bold="true" box="[199,1121,654,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
Description of male (based on 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC1CA44FDA5ADAA59F4FD6A" box="[595,692,655,681]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="allotype">allotype</typeStatus>
, USNM 1522340, and 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC1CA44FC2EADAB5F14FD6B" box="[984,1108,654,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):
</emphasis>
Male found within brood chamber. In present samples, only 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFC1CA44FDD7AD9659C8FD0E" box="[545,648,691,717]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
accompanying female (when present). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FBBEAD965FC2FD0E" box="[1096,1154,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Body</emphasis>
curved ventrally, pale in color with few spots of pigmentation (fig. 9E). Short blunt 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FCCBADF25833FD32" box="[829,883,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">head</emphasis>
fused with pereomere 1; antennulae large, lobelike, extending posterolaterally with 16–18 setae. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FD39ADDE5802FCD7" box="[719,834,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Oral cone</emphasis>
large; rounded 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FC00ADDE5F37FCD6" box="[1014,1143,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">maxillipeds</emphasis>
present (fig. 9G). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FABAADDE5EDCFCD7" box="[1356,1436,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Pereon</emphasis>
of seven pereomeres, six pairs of small rounded pereopods on pereomeres 1–6; increasing slightly in size from pereopod 1 to 5, sixth pereopod subequal in size to fourth; pereopods unsegmented and distally covered in scales (fig. 9E, H), pereopods absent or each reduced to small nodule on pereomere 7 (fig. 9E). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FB60AC425F97FC42" box="[1174,1239,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Pleon</emphasis>
of five segments plus pleotelson; pleomeres gradually smaller in size posteriorly, without appendages, 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FBBDACAE5FFEFC66" box="[1099,1214,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">pleotelson</emphasis>
undivided; 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FAB7ACAE5EDCFC66" box="[1345,1436,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">uropods</emphasis>
absent (fig. 9E).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6008E5FFC1CA44FF6EA8A75E2CF821" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685297" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685297" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685297/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" startId="13.[152,251,1922,1946]" targetBox="[151,1436,990,1896]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC1CA44FF6EA8A75E2CF821" blockId="13.[151,1436,1922,2019]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FF6EA8A75A52F859" bold="true" box="[152,274,1922,1946]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC1CA44FEE1A8A75979F859" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[279,569,1922,1946]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FEE1A8A75979F859" box="[279,569,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FDC8A8A75933F859" bold="true" box="[574,627,1922,1946]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFC1CA44FDC8A8A75933F859" box="[574,627,1922,1946]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female paratype (A = USNM 1522346, B = USNM 1522347). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FB25A8A75FA5F859" bold="true" box="[1235,1253,1922,1946]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
. Ovigerous female removed from host, dorsal view. Brood of female with eggs and epicaridium larvae. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC1CA44FC13A88358B5F87D" bold="true" box="[997,1013,1958,1982]" pageId="13" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
. Female removed from host, parasite with calcified areas (shown by asterisks) and exhibiting signs of being degraded. Abbreviations: Hd, head. Scale bars: A, B = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6008E5FFC2CA47FF6EAB455F75FB27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685299" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685299" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685299/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" startId="14.[152,255,1120,1144]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1097]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC2CA47FF6EAB455F75FB27" blockId="14.[151,1436,1120,1253]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FF6EAB455A59FBBB" bold="true" box="[152,281,1120,1144]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC2CA47FED6AB455910FBBB" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[288,592,1120,1144]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FED6AB455910FBBB" box="[288,592,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FDA0AB4459D0FBBA" bold="true" box="[598,656,1121,1145]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFC2CA47FDA0AB4459D0FBBA" box="[598,656,1121,1145]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, female paratype (A–D = ZRC 2022.0965). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FBA0AB455F28FBBB" bold="true" box="[1110,1128,1120,1144]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">A</emphasis>
. Head, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FAB4AB445E13FBBA" bold="true" box="[1346,1363,1121,1145]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">B</emphasis>
. Head, lateral view of head and basal portion of oostegite 1. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FD47ABA15983FB5F" bold="true" box="[689,707,1156,1180]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">C</emphasis>
. Ventral view of body, oostegites removed. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FB77ABA05FD3FB5E" bold="true" box="[1153,1171,1157,1181]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">D</emphasis>
. Pleon, lateral view. Male paratype (E–H, ZRC 2022.0963). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FE04AB8C5943FB02" bold="true" box="[498,515,1193,1217]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">E</emphasis>
. Lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FD6DAB8C59EAFB02" bold="true" box="[667,682,1193,1217]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">F</emphasis>
. Head, lateral view showing mouthparts and antennulae. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FB05AB8D5E47FB03" bold="true" box="[1267,1287,1192,1216]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">G</emphasis>
. Head, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FF25ABE85BA7FB26" bold="true" box="[211,231,1229,1253]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">H</emphasis>
. Pereopod 6. Scale bars: A–D = 500 µm; E, G = 250 µm; F = 100 µm; H = 50 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC2CA47FF31AA375A9CF88A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1298,2010]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FF31AA375FF3FAEF" bold="true" box="[199,1203,1298,1325]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Description of epicaridium larva (based on USNM 1522340 and ZRC 2022.0965):</emphasis>
Approximately 373 µm in length (fig. 10A). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FE41AA125AB1FA92" box="[439,497,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Body</emphasis>
teardrop shaped, dorsally convex; anterior margin of 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FBAAAA125FD2FA92" box="[1116,1170,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">head</emphasis>
rounded (fig. 10A, B). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FF61AA7E5A48FAB6" box="[151,264,1371,1397]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Oral cone</emphasis>
with pair of maxillipeds present on ventral side (fig. 10C). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FC50AA7E5F66FAB6" box="[934,1062,1371,1397]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Antennulae</emphasis>
of three short, rounded segments subequal in length; basal segments wider than terminal segment; terminal segment with three long setae and several short setae (fig. 10C, D). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FE36AA86595DFA7E" box="[448,541,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Antenna</emphasis>
of six segments, four peduncular and two flagellar; three short setae and one longer stout seta at end of first flagellar segment, one long serrated seta with annulation at base at end of second flagellar segment; antenna approximately half total body length when fully extended (fig. 10A, D). Pair of 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FADFAACE5EDDF9C6" box="[1321,1437,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">pereopods</emphasis>
present on pereomeres 1–6; five anterior pairs equal in size (fig. 10A, B); pereopods 1–5 subchelate, each with ovate propodus with few short setae and long curved dactylus; dactylus approximately half length of propodus (fig. 10E, F); one broad serrated fan-like seta and one more elongate denticulate seta on propodus opposite dactylus of first five pereopods (fig. 10F). Pereopod 6 of four segments, slightly shorter than preceding pereopods; merus short, carpus and propodus fused, lanceolate in shape with few short setae and scales; dactylus reduced to small triangular extension (fig. 11A–C). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FE50A9E65AA7F91E" box="[422,487,1731,1757]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Pleon</emphasis>
with five pairs of biramous pleopods, pleopods 1–4 subequal in size, with three long setae on truncate exopod and one long setae on pointed endopod (fig. 11A, D); pleopod 5 reduced, without setae (fig. 11E). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FEE7A82E5A32F8E6" box="[273,370,1803,1829]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Uropods</emphasis>
biramous; exopod slightly larger than endopod, with one long seta and one short seta, endopod with one long seta (fig. 11F).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3050BE6FFC2CA58FF31A87658A2FA26" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC2CA58FF31A8765E61FE12" blockId="14.[151,1437,1298,2010]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,1509]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FF31A8765A7DF8AE" bold="true" box="[199,317,1875,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC2CA47FEB1A8765AACF8AE" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[327,492,1875,1901]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FEB1A8765AACF8AE" box="[327,492,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Paguritherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was previously a monotypic genus, with 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC2CA47FC25A8715F00F8AE" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[979,1088,1875,1901]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FC25A8715F00F8AE" box="[979,1088,1875,1901]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFC2CA47FB61A8765F87F8AE" box="[1175,1223,1875,1901]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFC2CA47FAC2A8765B92F851" author="Reinhard, E. G." pageId="14" pageNumber="26" pagination="198 - 204" refId="ref18829" refString="Reinhard, E. G. (1945) Paguritherium alatum n. g., n. sp., an entoniscian parasite of Pagurus longicarpus. Journal of Parasitology, 31, 198 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3272543" type="journal article" year="1945">Reinhard 1945</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFC2CA47FF2DA8525A3CF852" author="Adkison, D. L." box="[219,380,1911,1937]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" refId="ref15386" refString="Adkison, D. L. (1990) A review of the Entoniscinae (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Entoniscidae). Ph. D. thesis, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 213 pp." type="book" year="1990">Adkison 1990</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC2CA47FE78A852599BF852" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[398,731,1911,1937]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FE78A852599BF852" box="[398,731,1911,1937]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FD17A852585FF852" bold="true" box="[737,799,1911,1937]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFC2CA47FD17A852585FF852" box="[737,799,1911,1937]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
matches the diagnostic features of the genus (e.g., female body is slender and lacking ovarian processes; four pairs of well-developed oostegites, fifth pair rudimentary; male antennulae tuberculiform and pereopods stump-like) (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFC2CA47FCF0A89A58F5F819" author="Reinhard, E. G." box="[774,949,1983,2010]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" pagination="198 - 204" refId="ref18829" refString="Reinhard, E. G. (1945) Paguritherium alatum n. g., n. sp., an entoniscian parasite of Pagurus longicarpus. Journal of Parasitology, 31, 198 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3272543" type="journal article" year="1945">Reinhard 1945</bibRefCitation>
). The females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC2CA47FB7EA8E55E0EF81A" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[1160,1358,1983,2009]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FB7EA8E55FD9F81A" box="[1160,1177,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FB5DA8E55E0EF81A" box="[1195,1358,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC2CA47FAAFA89A5EDCF81A" bold="true" box="[1369,1436,1983,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFC2CA47FAAFA89A5EDCF81A" box="[1369,1436,1983,2009]" pageId="14" pageNumber="26" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
bear a strong resemblance to those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FDCBAFB259E6FF72" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[573,678,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FDCBAFB259E6FF72" box="[573,678,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differ in the length of the pleopods (
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FB9FAFB25E6BFF73" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[1129,1323,151,177]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB9FAFB25F3AFF73" box="[1129,1146,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB7EAFB25E6BFF73" box="[1160,1323,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FAC4AFB25E30FF72" bold="true" box="[1330,1392,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FAC4AFB25E30FF72" box="[1330,1392,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has much longer pleopods relative to body length than 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FD22AF9E587EFF16" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[724,830,187,213]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FD22AF9E587EFF16" box="[724,830,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Ovigerous females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FBB8AF9E5E50FF17" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[1102,1296,187,213]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FBB8AF9E5F1FFF17" box="[1102,1119,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB9BAF9E5E50FF17" box="[1133,1296,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FAEEAF9E5E16FF16" bold="true" box="[1304,1366,187,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FAEEAF9E5E16FF16" box="[1304,1366,187,213]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
could be detected in fixed host hermit crab specimens prior to dissection in some cases. The head of the entoniscid was sometimes visible through the host abdominal cuticle and the abdomen of these hosts was more distended than those of uninfested individuals; in addition, the eggs and larvae of the entoniscid were visible through the host abdominal cuticle in some cases (fig. 7). 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FE10AE6E59DFFEA6" author="Reinhard, E. G." box="[486,671,330,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="198 - 204" refId="ref18829" refString="Reinhard, E. G. (1945) Paguritherium alatum n. g., n. sp., an entoniscian parasite of Pagurus longicarpus. Journal of Parasitology, 31, 198 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3272543" type="journal article" year="1945">Reinhard (1945)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FD22AE6E58C5FEA6" author="Adkison, D. L." box="[724,901,331,357]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" refId="ref15386" refString="Adkison, D. L. (1990) A review of the Entoniscinae (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Entoniscidae). Ph. D. thesis, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 213 pp." type="book" year="1990">Adkison (1990)</bibRefCitation>
also indicated that eggs and larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FAC5AE6E5EDCFEA6" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[1331,1436,331,357]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FAC5AE6E5EDCFEA6" box="[1331,1436,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be seen through the host abdomen. No developing juvenile females (stages 3–9 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB9AAE4A5FEAFE4B" box="[1132,1194,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FB45AE4A5E34FE4A" author="Kuris, A. M. &amp; Poinar, G. O. &amp; Hess, R. T." box="[1203,1396,367,393]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="211 - 232" refId="ref16945" refString="Kuris, A. M., Poinar, G. O. &amp; Hess, R. T. (1980) Post-larval mortality of the endoparasitic isopod castrator Portunion conformis (Epicaridea: Entoniscidae) in the shore crab, Hemigrapsus oregonensis, with a description of the host response. Parasitology, 80, 211 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003118200000069 X" type="journal article" year="1980">
Kuris 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB0FAE4A5E73FE4A" box="[1273,1331,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
1980
</bibRefCitation>
) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FF61AEB65A1BFE6F" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,347,403,429]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FF61AEB65BE8FE6F" box="[151,168,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FF4EAEB65A1BFE6F" box="[184,347,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FE93AEB65AE6FE6E" bold="true" box="[357,422,403,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FE93AEB65AE6FE6E" box="[357,422,403,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were found, even in those host specimens systematically dissected; these stages may be relatively short in duration. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FE39AE9259C7FE12" author="Reinhard, E. G." box="[463,647,438,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="198 - 204" refId="ref18829" refString="Reinhard, E. G. (1945) Paguritherium alatum n. g., n. sp., an entoniscian parasite of Pagurus longicarpus. Journal of Parasitology, 31, 198 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3272543" type="journal article" year="1945">Reinhard (1945)</bibRefCitation>
also found no juvenile females in his samples of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FB47AE925E5AFE12" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[1201,1306,439,465]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB47AE925E5AFE12" box="[1201,1306,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6008E5FFC3CA46FF6EA8145A8DF819" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685301" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685301" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685301/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" startId="15.[152,255,1841,1865]" targetBox="[160,1426,181,1811]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFC3CA46FF6EA8145A8DF819" blockId="15.[151,1437,1841,2010]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FF6EA8145A66F88A" bold="true" box="[152,294,1841,1865]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFC3CA46FEDBA814591EF88A" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[301,606,1841,1865]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FEDBA814591EF88A" box="[301,606,1841,1865]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FD93A81459DFF88A" bold="true" box="[613,671,1841,1865]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFC3CA46FD93A81459DFF88A" box="[613,671,1841,1865]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, epicaridium larva (A–E = ZRC 2022.0965, F=JW11-121-28). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FAD1A8145E79F88A" bold="true" box="[1319,1337,1841,1865]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FEEEA8705A69F8AE" bold="true" box="[280,297,1877,1901]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">B</emphasis>
. Habitus, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FDE1A8705969F8AE" bold="true" box="[535,553,1877,1901]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">C</emphasis>
. Head showing antennulae, mouthparts, proximal segments of antennae, and pereopods 1–3, ventral view. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FEA2A85C5A26F852" bold="true" box="[340,358,1913,1937]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">D</emphasis>
. Left antenna (4 peduncular and 2 flagellar segments shown by numbers). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FB97A85C5F32F852" bold="true" box="[1121,1138,1913,1937]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">E</emphasis>
. Pereopods 1–5. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFC3CA46FAD4A85C5E75F852" bold="true" box="[1314,1333,1913,1937]" pageId="15" pageNumber="27">F.</emphasis>
Pereopod 1 with serrated fan-like setae on propodus (indicated by arrows). Abbreviations: P1–P6, pereopods 1–6. Scale bars: A, B = 50 μm; C–E = 25 μm; F = 10 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF6008E5FFDCCA59FF6EA87D5995F81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685303" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7685303" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7685303/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" startId="16.[152,255,1880,1904]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1856]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFDCCA59FF6EA87D5995F81F" blockId="16.[151,1436,1880,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FF6EA87D5A68F8B3" bold="true" box="[152,296,1880,1904]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDCCA59FEC4A87D5926F8B3" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[306,614,1880,1904]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FEC4A87D5926F8B3" box="[306,614,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">Paguritherium manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FD86A87D59EEF8B3" bold="true" box="[624,686,1880,1904]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDCCA59FD86A87D59EEF8B3" box="[624,686,1880,1904]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, epicaridium larva (A–F= ZRC 2022.0965). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FB78A87D5FE0F8B3" bold="true" box="[1166,1184,1880,1904]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">A</emphasis>
. Posterior end showing pereopods 4–6 and pleopods. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FE49A8595A90F857" bold="true" box="[447,464,1916,1940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">B</emphasis>
. Pereopod 6. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FDA1A8595929F857" bold="true" box="[599,617,1916,1940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">C</emphasis>
. Pereopod 6, close-up of propodus and dactylus (indicated by arrow). 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FAD4A8595E74F857" bold="true" box="[1314,1332,1916,1940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">D</emphasis>
. Pleopods 1–3. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FF3FA8855B9AF87B" bold="true" box="[201,218,1952,1976]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">E</emphasis>
. Pleopod 5. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDCCA59FEAEA8855A27F87B" bold="true" box="[344,359,1952,1976]" pageId="16" pageNumber="28">F</emphasis>
. Pleotelson and uropods, dorsal view. Abbreviations: P6, pereopod 6; Pl1, pleopod 1; Pl5, pleopod 5. Scale bars: A = 50 μm; B, D, E = 15 μm; C = 5 μm; F = 25μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFDDCA58FF31AEFE5F6AFD0E" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
As in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FEFEAEFE5A31FE36" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[264,369,475,501]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FEFEAEFE5A31FE36" box="[264,369,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the pleon of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FDFEAEFE5989FE37" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[520,713,475,501]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FDFEAEFE5959FE37" box="[520,537,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FDD0AEFE5989FE37" box="[550,713,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FD26AEFE584EFE36" bold="true" box="[720,782,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FD26AEFE584EFE36" box="[720,782,475,501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can extend to an exit pore near the anterior end of the host, including the host eyestalks, but can also be found terminating near the mouthparts, branchial chamber or pereomeres. Although the pleon of most female entoniscids end in the branchial chamber, several species of entoniscids have a larval exit pore on or around the host eye stalk (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FD40AD625803FDA2" author="Shiino, S. M." box="[694,835,583,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="37 - 76" refId="ref19463" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1942) On the parasitic isopods of the family Entoniscidae, especially those found in the vicinity of Seto. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 17, 37 - 76." type="journal article" year="1942">Shiino 1942</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FCB8AD6258B1FDA2" author="Adkison, D. L." box="[846,1009,583,609]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" refId="ref15386" refString="Adkison, D. L. (1990) A review of the Entoniscinae (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Entoniscidae). Ph. D. thesis, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 213 pp." type="book" year="1990">Adkison 1990</bibRefCitation>
). In one of the doubly infested hermit crabs, the pleon of the posterior female 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFDDCA58FDAFAD4E59F9FD46" box="[601,697,619,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
extended to the base of the pleon of the anterior female 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFDDCA58FACCAD4E5EDCFD46" box="[1338,1436,619,645]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(fig. 7 B–E); it appears that the host derived sheath connected the 
<specimenCount id="9D1993E4FFDDCA58FC89ADAA5F4BFD6A" box="[895,1035,655,681]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
, such that the epicaridium larvae of both females would be released through the exit pore of the more anterior female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFDDCA58FF31ADF25F0FFC42" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
Two female 
<typeStatus id="54A4E6CFFFDDCA58FEA5ADF25AFEFD32" box="[339,446,727,753]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(USNM 1522341 and 1522347) were found with calcified parts (fig. 8B) and the bodies in poor condition. This could be due to host response to parasitism (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FC53ADDE5F2CFCD6" author="Kuris, A. M. &amp; Poinar, G. O. &amp; Hess, R. T." box="[933,1132,763,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="211 - 232" refId="ref16945" refString="Kuris, A. M., Poinar, G. O. &amp; Hess, R. T. (1980) Post-larval mortality of the endoparasitic isopod castrator Portunion conformis (Epicaridea: Entoniscidae) in the shore crab, Hemigrapsus oregonensis, with a description of the host response. Parasitology, 80, 211 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003118200000069 X" type="journal article" year="1980">
Kuris 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FC1BADDE5F67FCD6" box="[1005,1063,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
1980
</bibRefCitation>
). Other studies have noted the presence of dead female entoniscids encapsulated or degenerating within host crabs (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FB79AC3A5E05FCFA" author="Miyashita, Y." box="[1167,1349,799,825]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="251 - 267" refId="ref18070" refString="Miyashita, Y. (1941) Observations on an entoniscid parasite of Eriocheir japonicus de Haan, Entionella fluviatilis n. g., n. sp. Japanese Journal of Zoology, 9, 251 - 267." type="journal article" year="1941">Miyashita 1941</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FAA5AC3A5B90FC9E" author="Shiino, S. M." pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="37 - 76" refId="ref19463" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1942) On the parasitic isopods of the family Entoniscidae, especially those found in the vicinity of Seto. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 17, 37 - 76." type="journal article" year="1942">Shiino 1942</bibRefCitation>
) but did not comment further upon parasite mortality. In some cases, the entoniscids can be rendered nearly unrecognizable due to encapsulation and calcification by the host (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FC77AC425F03FC42" author="Kuris, A. M. &amp; Poinar, G. O. &amp; Hess, R. T." box="[897,1091,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="211 - 232" refId="ref16945" refString="Kuris, A. M., Poinar, G. O. &amp; Hess, R. T. (1980) Post-larval mortality of the endoparasitic isopod castrator Portunion conformis (Epicaridea: Entoniscidae) in the shore crab, Hemigrapsus oregonensis, with a description of the host response. Parasitology, 80, 211 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003118200000069 X" type="journal article" year="1980">
Kuris 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FC3EAC425F40FC42" box="[968,1024,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
1980
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA0586DFFDDCA58FF31ACAE58A2FA26" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
The male of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FEA3ACAE5957FC67" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[341,535,907,933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FEA3ACAE5A26FC67" box="[341,358,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FE82ACAE5957FC67" box="[372,535,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FDE8ACAE591DFC66" bold="true" box="[542,605,907,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FDE8ACAE591DFC66" box="[542,605,907,933]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is very similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FC80ACAE58A0FC66" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[886,992,907,933]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FC80ACAE58A0FC66" box="[886,992,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but with more pronounced antennulae. Regarding the epicaridium larvae, 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FDD8AC8A59B5FC0B" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[558,757,943,969]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FDD8AC8A597FFC0B" box="[558,575,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FDA4AC8A59B5FC0B" box="[594,757,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FCF7AC8A5805FC0A" bold="true" box="[769,837,943,969]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FCF7AC8A5805FC0A" box="[769,837,943,969]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FB7BAC8A5FBBFC0A" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[1165,1275,943,969]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB7BAC8A5FBBFC0A" box="[1165,1275,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the presence of specialized fan-like seta on the propodus of each of the first five pereopods. This feature was not found in 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FF40ACD25A66FBD2" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[182,294,1015,1041]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FF40ACD25B87FBD3" box="[182,199,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FF2EACD25A66FBD2" box="[216,294,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FEA5ACD25946FBD2" author="Adkison, D. L." box="[339,518,1015,1041]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" refId="ref15386" refString="Adkison, D. L. (1990) A review of the Entoniscinae (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Entoniscidae). Ph. D. thesis, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 213 pp." type="book" year="1990">Adkison (1990)</bibRefCitation>
or in the present samples of that species. Although it is possible that they were overlooked, these setae are relatively large and have been documented in other entoniscids. For example, such setae were described from 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FE7BAB1A585AFB9A" authority="Shiino, 1942" authorityName="Shiino" authorityYear="1942" box="[397,794,1087,1113]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Entoniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FE7BAB1A593EFB9B" box="[397,638,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">Entoniscus japonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FD7EAB1A585AFB9A" author="Shiino, S. M." box="[648,794,1087,1113]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="37 - 76" refId="ref19463" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1942) On the parasitic isopods of the family Entoniscidae, especially those found in the vicinity of Seto. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 17, 37 - 76." type="journal article" year="1942">Shiino, 1942</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
infesting the anomuran host 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FB9BAB1A5A64FBBE" authority="(De Haan, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="De Haan" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Malacostraca" family="Porcellanidae" genus="Petrolisthes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB9BAB1A5E29FB9B" box="[1133,1385,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">Petrolisthes japonicus</emphasis>
(De Haan, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
native to the Indo-West Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FD57AB465871FBBE" author="Shiino, S. M." box="[673,817,1123,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="37 - 76" refId="ref19463" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1942) On the parasitic isopods of the family Entoniscidae, especially those found in the vicinity of Seto. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 17, 37 - 76." type="journal article" year="1942">Shiino 1942</bibRefCitation>
). These setae were described as curved, forked spines or serrated disks on the margin facing the dactylus on the propodus of each of the first five pereopods (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FAA7ABA25B93FB06" author="Shiino, S. M." pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="37 - 76" refId="ref19463" refString="Shiino, S. M. (1942) On the parasitic isopods of the family Entoniscidae, especially those found in the vicinity of Seto. Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 17, 37 - 76." type="journal article" year="1942">Shiino 1942</bibRefCitation>
). The annulation of the terminal setae on the antennae (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8E259CFFDDCA58FC7AAB8E5F67FB06" author="Watling, L." box="[908,1063,1195,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" pagination="15 - 26" refId="ref19863" refString="Watling, L. (1989) A classification system for crustacean setae based on the homology concept. Crustacean Issues, 6, 15 - 26. https: // doi. org / 10.1201 / 9781003079354 - 2" type="journal article" year="1989">Watling 1989</bibRefCitation>
) of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FBADAB8E5E60FB07" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[1115,1312,1195,1221]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FBADAB8E5F2CFB07" box="[1115,1132,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FB8BAB8E5E60FB07" box="[1149,1312,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FADDAB8E5E2CFB06" bold="true" box="[1323,1388,1195,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FADDAB8E5E2CFB06" box="[1323,1388,1195,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has not been reported before in entoniscids, but it may have been previously overlooked in studies which did not use SEM. Unfortunately, the description of entoniscid larvae (epicaridium, microniscus and cryptoniscus) is lacking for many species, requiring new collections of entoniscids and ideally examination of these stages with SEM. The annulation of the distal seta makes it appear to be a third flagellar segment, but this is unlikely because nearly all other entoniscid epicaridium larvae have four peduncular and two flagellar antennal segments. There are likely other differences in the antennulae, antennae, and mouth parts of the epicaridium larvae between the two species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FF4EAA825A1DFA02" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" box="[184,349,1447,1473]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FF4EAA825A1DFA02" box="[184,349,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">Paguritherium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; future analyses using SEM should be completed on epicaridium and cryptoniscus larvae of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FA7EAA825BA5FA26" authorityName="Reinhard" authorityYear="1945" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alatum">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FA7EAA825BA5FA26" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P. alatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the east coast of the 
<collectingCountry id="F30818FDFFDDCA58FDFBAAEE59E3FA26" box="[525,675,1483,1509]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">United States</collectingCountry>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C1F23EEFFDDCA58FD2CAAEE58DCFA27" authority="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko, 2023" authorityName="Detorre &amp; Williams &amp; Boyko" authorityYear="2023" box="[730,924,1483,1509]" class="Malacostraca" family="Entoniscidae" genus="Paguritherium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manggagaway" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FD2CAAEE59ABFA27" box="[730,747,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">P</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FD0FAAEE58DCFA27" box="[761,924,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">manggagaway</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B96B847FFFDDCA58FC55AAEE58A2FA26" bold="true" box="[931,994,1483,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2583904FFDDCA58FC55AAEE58A2FA26" box="[931,994,1483,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>