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<document id="711C33F30DB496B3F8E2891F36497B5D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.281192" ID-GBIF-Dataset="27d21b65-cf06-4eb4-9ffe-43c365bd4262" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="281192" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460483823122" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Larsen, Torben B." docDate="2012" docId="03DC87D3FFC4264E56DAF8CF62719782" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03322p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3322" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ampittia kilombero Larsen &amp; Congdon, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFE5FFABFFC6264A564DFF9460349016" masterDocTitle="The genus Ampittia in Africa with the description of a new species (Hesperiinae; Aeromachini) and three new species in the genera Andronymus and Chondrolepis (Hesperiinae, incertae sedis) (Lepidoptera; Hesperiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698308324564" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="DA1F9923AD177F2A1956161B866D4FF6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="58F972151D853EA61F3EDE4950D2DA4C">
<mods:title id="6B50588B562A589DDE84C7CA58CABA4F">The genus Ampittia in Africa with the description of a new species (Hesperiinae; Aeromachini) and three new species in the genera Andronymus and Chondrolepis (Hesperiinae, incertae sedis) (Lepidoptera; Hesperiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="90D9B665C3B57B027B7F99AF6A946344" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D9569DF97B9A296213C3BEA93601F55B">Larsen, Torben B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CD9FB8106C318EAB0D920C8C7AA641A0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B7E2C332C0D8C2F6E664E9C9A0D844F2">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DABF57814EECEED9F430D75F1FF8FC91" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E48662FAF8FE22A788DB09F85E8F8F0D">3322</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7AD10604835A89D6D703EBB727C86A40">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="68E8193649FFDEF279707A5700A541CC" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.281192</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DC87D3FFC4264E56DAF8CF62719782" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6173030" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127660755" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6173030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC87D3FFC4264E56DAF8CF62719782" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC87D3FFC4264E56DAF8CF62719782" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<subSubSection id="C36F654EFFC4264856DAF8CF62FE9762" box="[151,714,1883,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC4264856DAF8CF62FE9762" blockId="2.[151,714,1883,1908]" box="[151,714,1883,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="D08281A9FFC4264856DAF8CF62FE9762" bold="true" box="[151,714,1883,1908]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC4264856DAF8CF62FE9762" bold="true" box="[151,714,1883,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC4264856DAF8CF62509762" authority="Larsen &amp; Congdon" authorityName="Larsen &amp; Congdon" box="[151,612,1883,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC4264856DAF8CF61429762" bold="true" box="[151,374,1883,1908]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Ampittia kilombero</emphasis>
Larsen &amp; Congdon
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23257ACFFC42648543CF8C862FE9762" box="[625,714,1884,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F654EFFC4264956DAF834644196FE" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC4264956DAF83462259172" blockId="2.[151,1436,1952,2012]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC4264856DAF834611597AF" bold="true" box="[151,289,1952,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Description</emphasis>
Forewing 9–10 mm—one of the smallest of all African skippers. The male forewing upperside is a dark, warm brown with bright ochreous-orange markings consisting of: a long streak just below the costa to the end of the cell, only marginally intruding into the cell; a large orange subapical patch composed of spots in spaces 5 to 8 that are fully fused and extend slightly into neighbouring spaces; a small, narrow streak at the base of space 2; and a fully-fused orange discal band that extends from space 1b to space 3 and of almost equal width throughout. In well-marked individuals (as the
<typeStatus id="54CE8867FFC5264957B3FE906204910A" box="[510,560,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
) the discal band almost connects with the large subapical patch. The hindwing has the same ground-colour as the forewing with some slight orange scaling in the cell and a fully fused discal band that stretches from spaces 1c to 6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC52649568AFEFB648C92DA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
The male forewing underside is almost like the upperside with the orange markings generally slightly better developed. In addition to the upperside markings there is a fine ochreous marginal line and a few small ochreous submarginal spots, with those in spaces 4 and 5 best developed. The hindwing underside is dark brown with diffuse golden scaling, especially in the discal area. The orange postdiscal band is longer than on the upperside since it continues inwards to merge with the abdominal fold, which is of a lighter ochreous. The base of space 7 has an orange wedge that spills slightly over into the cell before the origin of vein 6. There is an orange transverse streak in the middle of space 7. As on the forewing there is a fine orange marginal line. There is a small diffusely fused double submarginal spot in spaces 4 and 5. The abdominal fold is light ochreous from base to tornus, narrowly bordered by brown along its edge. The underside contrast between brown and orange is almost as strong as on the upperside. The female is effectively identical with the male. The
<typeStatus id="54CE8867FFC52649553DFD21639492DB" box="[880,928,693,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">type</typeStatus>
series is very consistent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0A664DFFC5264956DAFAE363CA95DD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281196/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[160,1417,787,1359]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC5264956DAFAE363CA95DD" blockId="3.[151,1436,1399,1484]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264956DAFAE3613B959B" bold="true" box="[151,271,1399,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC526495753FAED61D79598" box="[286,483,1400,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495753FAED61D79598" box="[286,483,1400,1422]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Ampittia kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
type material from Mngeta River,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC52649551EFAEC63F59598" box="[851,961,1400,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">Kilombero</taxonomicName>
Valley and
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC52649520CFAED64E89598" box="[1089,1244,1401,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC52649520CFAED64E89598" box="[1089,1244,1401,1422]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Ampittia parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from northeastern Tanzania.
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264956B3FA03616A95BA" bold="true" box="[254,350,1431,1452]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Top row:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC526495720FA0361DB95BB" box="[365,495,1431,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495720FA0361DB95BB" box="[365,495,1431,1453]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
3 holotype recto (left); 3 holotype verso (centre); 3
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC52649525EFA03645E95BB" box="[1043,1130,1431,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC52649525EFA03645E95BB" box="[1043,1130,1431,1453]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
recto (right).
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264952BAFA0365B495BA" bold="true" box="[1271,1408,1431,1452]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Bottom row:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC5264953CBFA0360C995DD" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264953CBFA0360C995DD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ƥ paratype recto (left); Ƥ paratype verso (centre); 3
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC526495551FA22634795DD" box="[796,883,1462,1483]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495551FA22634795DD" box="[796,883,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
verso (right).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC52649568AFA6C644196FE" blockId="3.[151,1437,1527,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC52649568AFA6C61419606" bold="true" box="[199,373,1527,1552]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Male genitalia</emphasis>
: The male genitalia of the two species are very similar. The uncus, tegumen, and gnathos branches have the same structure and texture as
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC5264954F7F988634A9622" box="[698,894,1564,1588]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capenas">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264954F7F988634A9622" box="[698,894,1564,1588]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Ampittia capenas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(figure 2) but the lobes are triangular and more deeply incised. The cucullus is long and narrow, somewhat twisted, ending in a slightly spatulate tip, which is toothed. The two preparations in figure 5 both show how difficult they are to mount. The valve of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC526495347F9F065AF966A" box="[1290,1435,1636,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495347F9F065AF966A" box="[1290,1435,1636,1660]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems to be rather wider than in
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC52649544DF91C625496B6" box="[512,608,1672,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC52649544DF91C625496B6" box="[512,608,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as does the spatulate tip of the cucullus. The uncus, tegumen, and gnathos are similarly mounted in near-ventral view in both, showing the uncus to be broader and each of the lobes wider; as in
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC5264956F9F944611A96FE" box="[180,302,1744,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capenas">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264956F9F944611A96FE" box="[180,302,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. capenas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the entire structure cannot be mounted on a slide in lateral view (figure 5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F654EFFC526495684F967631697F2" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC526495684F967631697F2" blockId="3.[151,1437,1527,2021]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495684F9676108971A" bold="true" box="[201,316,1779,1804]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis</emphasis>
: The only similar species in Africa is
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC5264954A0F960637B971A" box="[749,847,1780,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264954A0F960637B971A" box="[749,847,1780,1804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which differs most noticeably from the new species in having the entire hindwing underside ochreous instead of brown, so that the discal band is only faintly defined. On the forewing upperside the subapical patch is smaller than in
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC526495530F8A8643A9742" box="[893,1038,1852,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495530F8A8643A9742" box="[893,1038,1852,1876]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while the hindwing discal band is shorter, though wider. This is accentuated on the underside where the band does not extend to space 6 and to the abdominal fold, which is the case in
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC526495462F810628B978A" box="[559,703,1924,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC526495462F810628B978A" box="[559,703,1924,1948]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The sexes hardly differ from each other in either species. Colour and patterns of both species seem to be very stable. We have inspected more than
<specimenCount id="9D73FD4CFFC52649527FF83C64EC97D6" box="[1074,1240,1960,1984]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="generic">150 specimens</specimenCount>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC5264952B0F83C656A97D6" box="[1277,1374,1960,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264952B0F83C656A97D6" box="[1277,1374,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from throughout its range, which encircles that of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC5264954C1F858632897F2" box="[652,796,1996,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC5264954C1F858632897F2" box="[652,796,1996,2020]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0A664DFFC2264E56DAFCB36212934A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/281197/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[169,1423,216,769]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E56DAFCB36212934A" blockId="4.[151,1436,807,860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E56DAFCB36139932B" bold="true" box="[151,269,807,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. A. Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E57B8FCBC628D932B" box="[501,697,807,829]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E57B8FCBC628D932B" box="[501,697,807,829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Ampittia kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(paratype SCC 707 (ex tbl BJH) (ABRI); B. Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E5309FCBC65A8932B" box="[1348,1436,808,829]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5309FCBC65A8932B" box="[1348,1436,808,829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Tanzania, Zanzibar (bmnh 18504)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36F654EFFC2264E5684FC3F61CF975A" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684FC3F617593F0" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54CE8867FFC2264E5684FC3F610293D5" box="[201,310,939,963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5684FC3F610293D5" bold="true" box="[201,310,939,963]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
: 3 Mngeta River,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E5440FC3E62B393D4" box="[525,647,938,962]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">Kilombero</taxonomicName>
Valley, Udzungwa,
<quantity id="4C8D9B20FFC2264E5521FC3E638093D4" box="[876,948,938,962]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</quantity>
(
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;
<geoCoordinate id="EE415002FFC2264E5233FC3F650793D4" box="[1150,1331,935,962]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="36.130344">E 36o 7’ 49.24”</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFCB1005FFC2264E530AFC3E65AF93D4" box="[1351,1435,938,962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="2007-11">xi.2007</date>
(
<collectionCode id="ED64AE00FFC2264E56D3FC5A60D793F0" box="[158,227,974,998]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">ABRI</collectionCode>
ex CC).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684FC6164299422" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54CE8867FFC2264E5684FC616175941B" box="[201,321,1013,1037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5684FC616175941B" bold="true" box="[201,321,1013,1037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Paratypes</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
: 8 3, 5 ƤƤ data as
<typeStatus id="54CE8867FFC2264E5473FC616294941B" box="[574,672,1013,1037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<date id="FFCB1005FFC2264E54FDFC6162CB941B" box="[688,767,1013,1037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="2008-05">v.2008</date>
;
<date id="FFCB1005FFC2264E5541FC61636C941B" box="[780,856,1013,1037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="2010-05">v.2010</date>
) (
<collectionCode id="ED64AE00FFC2264E553DFC616381941B" box="[880,949,1013,1037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">ABRI</collectionCode>
ex CC); 3 Chita,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E52C2FC61653C941B" box="[1167,1288,1013,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">Kilombero</taxonomicName>
Valley, (
<geoCoordinate id="EE415002FFC2264E5323FC61613A9422" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-8.506794">S 8o 30’ 24.46”</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE415002FFC2264E575BFB8961E09422" box="[278,468,1049,1076]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="35.930897">E 35o 55’ 51.23”</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFCB1005FFC2264E57AAFB8862069422" box="[487,562,1052,1076]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="2010-05">v.2010</date>
(
<quantity id="4C8D9B20FFC2264E540FFB8862BE9422" box="[578,650,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
from Mngeta River) (CC, IB, MH).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684FBD462DA94D2" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5684FBD46234944E" bold="true" box="[201,512,1087,1112]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Range, habitat and habits</emphasis>
: Of the three African
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E54B3FBD4636A944E" box="[766,862,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E54B3FBD4636A944E" box="[766,862,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Ampittia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E55ECFBD46428944E" box="[929,1052,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capenas">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E55ECFBD46428944E" box="[929,1052,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. capenas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a relatively wide range being found from southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E57FAFBF16234946B" box="[439,512,1125,1149]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Kenya</collectingCountry>
through most of
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E5486FBF0631B946A" box="[715,815,1124,1148]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
to the Shaba province of the
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E52C7FBF060D69489" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E56BCFB1361049489" box="[241,304,1159,1183]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">DRC</collectingCountry>
), northern and eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E547EFB1362BF9489" box="[563,651,1159,1183]" name="Zambia" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Zambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E54DAFB1362DB9489" box="[663,751,1159,1183]" name="Malawi" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Malawi</collectingCountry>
, the eastern mountains of
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E5254FB1364A59489" box="[1049,1169,1159,1183]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
and neighbouring parts of
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E56F8FB38617994D2" box="[181,333,1196,1220]" name="Mozambique" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
. It is not usually a common butterfly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684FB4461C695D6" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E5684FB44614594FE" box="[201,369,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5684FB44614594FE" box="[201,369,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Ampittia parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is limited to southeastern
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E54D9FB4562E994FF" box="[660,733,1233,1257]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Kenya</collectingCountry>
(only from a few recent records) and eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E529BFB5B650994F1" box="[1238,1341,1231,1255]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, extending southwards through the Eastern Arc mountains as far south as Songea and Ifakara. Rather surprisingly it is even found on
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E5744FA83615B9539" box="[265,367,1303,1327]" name="Tanzania" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
. The distribution is patchy and the species generally rare (it was overlooked in
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E5358FA8D656A9527" box="[1301,1374,1305,1329]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Kenya</collectingCountry>
until recently and not included in the book on
<collectingCountry id="F3627655FFC2264E5427FAA962F59543" box="[618,705,1341,1365]" name="Kenya" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Kenyan</collectingCountry>
butterflies
<bibRefCitation id="EFE44B34FFC2264E5509FAA863DB9542" author="Larsen" box="[836,1007,1340,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" refString="Larsen, T. B. (1991) The butterflies of Kenya and their natural history. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 490 pp, 64 colour plates. [reprinted 1996 and 2000]" type="book" year="1991">(Larsen 1991))</bibRefCitation>
. The typical habitats are open, lightly shaded areas in submontane forests as well grassy areas bordering lower level forests, where the grass is not too high. In dry habitats they are often found along forest streams. The flight is slow and low down among the grasses on which both sexes often rest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684FA5862F7963A" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E5684FA58619495F2" box="[201,416,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5684FA58619495F2" box="[201,416,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Ampittia kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known only from the two colonies in the
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E55C4FA58643695F2" box="[905,1026,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">Kilombero</taxonomicName>
Valley at the southeastern end of the Udzungwa Mountains. There are colonies of the typical
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E5554FA64634F961E" box="[793,891,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5554FA64634F961E" box="[793,891,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from elsewhere in the Udzungwa Mountains as well as further south and especially north thereof.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684F9AC61CF975A" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
On the limited information available,
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E54CCF9AC63209646" box="[641,788,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E54CCF9AC63209646" box="[641,788,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more strongly associated with swampy ground; both localities where it has been found are swampy. At Mngeta it was flying along the edge of open water. The flight is faster than that of
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E572DF91461FC968E" box="[352,456,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E572DF91461F7968E" box="[352,451,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">A. parva</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Colonies of
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E5419F9146280968E" box="[596,692,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5419F9146280968E" box="[596,692,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found in forested areas higher up on mountain slopes under drier conditions. The nearest locality from which
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E548CF930631596AA" box="[705,801,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E548CF930631596AA" box="[705,801,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known with certainty is Masagati Forest
<quantity id="4C8D9B20FFC2264E5347F930656B96AA" box="[1290,1375,1700,1724]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="km" value="147.0">147 km</quantity>
from Chita. From his field observations Congdon believes the two effectively to be ecological vicariants. Further work is needed to establish whether
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E579AF97862539712" box="[471,615,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E579AF97862539712" box="[471,615,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">A. kilombero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is essentially an inhabitant of the vast
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E526DF97864AD9712" box="[1056,1177,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">Kilombero</taxonomicName>
Valley wetland, which borders the two localities where this species has been found. If this proves to be the case, it would species of more open wetland rather than forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F654EFFC2264E5684F8CC62719782" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCA36C5FFC2264E5684F8CC62719782" blockId="4.[151,1437,935,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B901EAD7FFC2264E5684F8CC617E9766" bold="true" box="[201,330,1880,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Etymology</emphasis>
: The species is given the name of the
<taxonomicName id="4C754D46FFC2264E54BFF8CC635F9766" box="[754,875,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Ampittia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilombero">Kilombero</taxonomicName>
Valley, in the Udzungwa Mountains, where it was found by Congdon and his colleagues.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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