treatments-xml/data/A4/31/A6/A431A60F3D157574FC5EFC1AFE6E66B1.xml

<document id="F5C26E2A9B51697A076520404922CDE5" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5358376" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358376" ID-ZooBank="6D4EE4A2-C237-4338-AE8F-77C4F2292B2D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630224338680" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Yu, Meng-Chen, Chan, Benny K. K., Achituv, Yair &amp; Kolbasov, Gregory A." docDate="2017" docId="A431A60F3D157574FC5EFC1AFE6E66B1" docLanguage="en" docName="65rbz585-615.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A.5:RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleId="F2D34FF25DBF9998BB8DF6F24A5B097A" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2014-2018.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Acasta crucibasis Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov 2017, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="F2B6EEDE-66D5-4BB8-BCC8-4D3660F8421B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="599" masterDocId="5808DE773D12757AFF9CFFE7FFD56364" masterDocTitle="Four new sponge-inhabiting barnacles of the genus Acasta (Thoracica: Archaeobalanidae: Acastinae) from the Indo-Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="615" masterPageNumber="585" pageNumber="592" updateTime="1699191723127" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="AD6C275232CD1277BC42D4371D26B9D7">Four new sponge-inhabiting barnacles of the genus Acasta (Thoracica: Archaeobalanidae: Acastinae) from the Indo-Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D1A519EEB87B039CDFB04756FA8A558E">Yu, Meng-Chen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4C24D93CFB17FCBE9FE851AC31C036AB">Chan, Benny K. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F5F019A5B7907319427D712C31A780DF">Kolbasov, Gregory A.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="2C2717193D15757DFC5EFC1AFAC36771" blockId="7.[962,1302,1021,1077]" box="[962,1302,1021,1045]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<heading id="776FA0753D15757DFC5EFC1AFAC36771" box="[962,1302,1021,1045]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D15757DFC5EFC1AFB516771" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[962,1156,1021,1045]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFC5EFC1AFB516771" bold="true" box="[962,1156,1021,1045]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
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, 
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(
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D15757DFBAEFBFAFB706751" box="[1074,1189,1053,1077]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStartId-0="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" captionStartId-1="9.[113,148,1580,1602]" captionStartId-2="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionStartId-3="11.[113,149,1454,1476]" captionStartId-4="11.[113,148,2064,2086]" captionStartId-5="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionStartId-6="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox-0="[136,1474,189,1193]" captionTargetBox-1="[113,1451,189,1564]" captionTargetBox-2="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetBox-3="[194,1372,190,1438]" captionTargetBox-4="[194,1372,1546,2048]" captionTargetBox-5="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetBox-6="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId-0="figure-389@8.[133,1477,186,1193]" captionTargetId-1="figure-11@9.[110,1454,185,1567]" captionTargetId-2="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetId-3="figure-11@11.[191,1375,186,1441]" captionTargetId-4="figure-50@11.[193,1372,1543,2051]" captionTargetId-5="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetId-6="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionTargetPageId-2="10" captionTargetPageId-3="11" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionText-0="Fig. 8. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." captionText-1="Fig. 9. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., opercular plates (holotype). A, B, Right scutum, external and internal side; C, D, Left scutum, external and internal side; E, F, Left tergum, external and internal side; G, H, Right tergum, internal and external side. Scale bars in µm." captionText-2="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." captionText-3="Fig. 11. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (holotype). A, Labrum and mandibular palps; B, Enlarged crests of labrum; C, D, Mandibles; E, F, Lower angle of mandibles; G, H, Maxillules. Scale bars in µm." captionText-4="Fig. 12. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri (holotype). A, Cirrus III, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus; B, Cirrus IV, proximal part; C, Cirrus V, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus. Scale bars in µm." captionText-5="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." captionText-6="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358396" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358400" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358403" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5358396/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5358400/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5358403/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Figs. 8–14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFCB1FBBAFBF66711" bold="true" box="[813,1059,1117,1141]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Material examined.</emphasis>
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specimens (
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and 
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) in the sponge 
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sp. 
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, 
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, 
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, 
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diving, depth 
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specimens (
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) in the sponge 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D15757DFC2DFB39FCB06671" authority="Bakus &amp; Nishiyama, 2000" authorityName="Bakus &amp; Nishiyama" authorityYear="2000" class="Demospongiae" family="Petrosiidae" genus="Xestospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vansoesti">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFC2DFB39FB606791" box="[945,1205,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Xestospongia vansoesti</emphasis>
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, SER.03/080905/010, 
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, 
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(
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), off 
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, NW-side, 
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, 
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diving and snorkeling. 
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(dry shell compartments, mouth parts and cirri mounted in glycerol on glass slide) and 
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D15757DFCB1FA79FC5F66D2" box="[813,906,1438,1462]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
(shell in EtOH) are deposited in the 
<location id="294741C23D15757DFAAAFA7AFB0C66B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A431A60F3D157574FC5EFC1AFE6E66B1:294741C23D15757DFAAAFA7AFB0C66B1" country="Taiwan" county="The" latitude="-5.9833336" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.84528" municipality="Mg" name="Zoological Museum of Moscow State University" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Zoological Museum of Moscow State University</location>
under registration numbers 
<location id="294741C23D15757DFC13FA39FC616692" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A431A60F3D157574FC5EFC1AFE6E66B1:294741C23D15757DFC13FA39FC616692" box="[911,948,1502,1526]" country="Taiwan" county="The" latitude="-5.9833336" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="106.84528" municipality="Mg" name="Mg" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Mg</location>
–1226 (
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D15757DFB9EFA3AFBB66691" box="[1026,1123,1501,1525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) and 
<collectingMunicipality id="CC438D633D15757DFB00FA39FB146692" box="[1180,1217,1502,1526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Mg</collectingMunicipality>
–1227 (
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D15757DFA93FA3AFAA46691" box="[1295,1393,1501,1525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
). 
<collectingCounty id="C5466F953D15757DFA1EFA3AFA7E6691" box="[1410,1451,1501,1525]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">The</collectingCounty>
other 
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D15757DFCF3FA19FC026572" box="[879,983,1534,1558]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCode id="7C3EBF623D15757DFC74FA1AFB4E6571" box="[1000,1179,1533,1557]" collectionCode="ASIZCR" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">ASIZCR000373</specimenCode>
to 
<specimenCode id="7C3EBF623D15757DFB59FA1AFAAD6571" box="[1221,1400,1533,1557]" collectionCode="ASIZCR" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">ASIZCR000375</specimenCode>
) are deposited in the Biodiversity Research Museum, Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, 
<collectingCountry id="548F57893D15757DFB23F9DAFAC56531" box="[1215,1296,1597,1621]" name="Taiwan" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="9CF01D443D15757DFA86F9DAFC3665F1" collectionCode="RMNH, CRUS" country="Netherlands" location="Naturalis Biodiversity Center" municipality="Leiden" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
and (
<collectionCode id="4A898FDC3D15757DFACEF9DAFA7D6531" box="[1362,1448,1597,1621]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="4A898FDC3D15757DFCB1F9BAFCAD6511" box="[813,888,1629,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">CRUS</collectionCode>
.C.10243) in 
<location id="294741C23D15757DFB9BF9BAFA996511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A431A60F3D157574FC5EFC1AFE6E66B1:294741C23D15757DFB9BF9BAFA996511" box="[1031,1356,1629,1653]" country="Netherlands" municipality="Leiden" name="Naturalis Biodiversity Center" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Naturalis Biodiversity Center</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="CC438D633D15757DFAC6F9BAFA726511" box="[1370,1447,1629,1653]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Leiden</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCountry id="548F57893D15757DFCB1F99AFC3665F1" box="[813,995,1661,1685]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="648244923D15757DFCB1F95AFBDF64B1" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D15757DFCB1F95AFBDF64B1" blockId="7.[813,1452,1725,2005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFCB1F95AFC7265B1" bold="true" box="[813,935,1725,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Shell white, semitransparent, globular, with 4 large windows between compartments; wall plates and basis thin and fragile; shorter carinolatus 2 eliminated with large window, does not reach basis; rostrum bifurcated at base; basis cup-shaped, with five processes; scutum latticed; cirrus IV with developed curved teeth on anterior ramus, basidorsal point of penis rudimentary. Embedded in sponges 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D15757DFCB1F879FBE364D1" box="[813,1078,1949,1974]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Topsentia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFCB1F879FC4364D1" box="[813,918,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Topsentia</emphasis>
sp. 
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D15757DFC5DF879FBE364D1" author="Berg C" box="[961,1078,1949,1974]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" pagination="77 - 80" refId="ref11343" refString="Berg C (1899) Substitucion de nombres genericos. III. Communicaciones del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires, 1 (3): 77 - 80." type="journal article" year="1899">Berg, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D15757DFBF5F879FBD364B1" authority="Bakus &amp; Nishiyama, 2000" authorityName="Bakus &amp; Nishiyama" authorityYear="2000" class="Demospongiae" family="Petrosiidae" genus="Xestospongia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vansoesti">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFBF5F879FAB764D1" box="[1129,1378,1950,1973]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Xestospongia vansoesti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D15757DFAF4F87AFBD364B1" author="Bakus GJ &amp; Nishiyama GK" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" pagination="1162 - 1172" refId="ref11303" refString="Bakus GJ &amp; Nishiyama GK (2000) Three species of toxic sponges from Cebu, Philippines (Porifera: Demospongiae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113 (4): 1162 - 1172." type="journal article" year="2000">Bakus &amp; Nishiyama, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="648244923D157574FCB1F81AFCD26091" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="599" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="description">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D157572FCB1F81AFD856B51" blockId="7.[813,1451,2045,2101]" lastBlockId="8.[136,776,1373,2101]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="593" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D15757DFCB1F81AFC6D6B71" bold="true" box="[813,952,2045,2069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592">Description.</emphasis>
(Based on 
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D15757DFBAFF81AFB406B71" box="[1075,1173,2045,2069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Shell of 
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D15757DFA98F81AFAB46B71" box="[1284,1377,2045,2069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
white, semitransparent, globular, ~ 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D15757DFBF4F7FAFB6A6B51" box="[1128,1215,2077,2101]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="592" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
maximal height and diameter, 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1A7572FF61FABAFE806611" box="[253,341,1373,1397]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
rostro-carinal basal diameter, orifice toothed, 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1A7572FF7AFA9AFEE266F1" box="[230,311,1405,1429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
maximum length, with four large windows 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1A7572FF14FA7AFED266D1" box="[136,263,1437,1461]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.6 mm</quantity>
high and 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1A7572FEEEFA7AFE2466D1" box="[370,497,1437,1461]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.2 mm</quantity>
wide between wall plates and corresponding processes of basis (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FDA5FA5AFD6366B1" box="[569,694,1469,1493]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-389@8.[133,1477,186,1193]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 8A, B</figureCitation>
). Basis (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FF0CFA3AFEF96691" box="[144,300,1501,1525]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-389@8.[133,1477,186,1193]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 8A, B, F</figureCitation>
) deep moderately, cup-shaped, cruciform, with external growth lines concentric, margin denticulated, 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1A7572FF14F9FAFF0A6551" box="[136,223,1565,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
high, with five long processes corresponding to wall plates (one for carina, two for carinolatera 1, two for bifurcated base of rostrum). In 
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D1A7572FE50F9B9FDE76512" box="[460,562,1630,1654]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
basis flat (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FD3DF9BAFF4865F1" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 10A, H</figureCitation>
) or saucer-shaped (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FEE0F99AFDCA65F1" box="[380,543,1661,1685]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 10B, C, I</figureCitation>
), with reduced arms of rostral processes and hole at center (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FDA4F97AFD4B65D1" box="[568,670,1693,1717]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 10H</figureCitation>
). Parietes (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FF0CF95AFEDA65B1" box="[144,271,1725,1749]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-389@8.[133,1477,186,1193]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Figs. 8A–E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FE80F95AFEB965B1" box="[284,364,1725,1749]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">10A, B</figureCitation>
) consist of axial part connected with processes of basis, two adjacent lateral semitransparent parts eliminated with windows, with conspicuous sharp, dense external projections and fine growth lines, sheath ~1/2 total length, with horizontal striations, inner lamina beneath sheath smooth, sometimes with few small indistinct basal longitudinal ribs. Radii and alae with summits oblique, ~1/2 length of parietes, radii with fine, oblique, external striations. Rostrum of 
<typeStatus id="F323A9BB3D1A7572FE92F85AFEBE64B1" box="[270,363,1981,2005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
with basal part bifurcated (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FD3DF85AFD2F64B1" box="[673,762,1981,2005]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-389@8.[133,1477,186,1193]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
). Basal part of carinolatus 2 eliminated with big window, twice shorter than carinolatus 1, paries developed, ~1/2–1/3 width of carinolatus 1 (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FEDEF7FAFE306B51" box="[322,485,2077,2101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,189,1193]" captionTargetId="figure-389@8.[133,1477,186,1193]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 8. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Figs. 8A, B, E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FE6DF7FAFD966B51" box="[497,579,2077,2101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">10A, B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="78E747913D1A7572FF14FB5DFCFB6642" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358392" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358392" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358392/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" startId="8.[136,171,1210,1232]" targetBox="[136,1474,189,1193]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1A7572FF14FB5DFCFB6642" blockId="8.[136,1475,1210,1318]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
Fig. 8. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1A7572FF57FB5DFEA067AB" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[203,373,1210,1231]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FF57FB5DFEA067AB" box="[203,373,1210,1231]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D1A7572FEE6FB5DFE1D67AB" box="[378,456,1210,1231]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, shell, general view and compartments (holotype). A, B, Complete shell, right and left side; C, Carinolatus 1, internal surface; D, Rostrum, internal surface; E, Carina with rudimental carinolatera 2, internal surface; F, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FE82FB14FEE3666C" box="[286,310,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">ba</emphasis>
= basis, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FE0FFB13FE7F666D" box="[403,426,1268,1289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">ca</emphasis>
= carina, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FD93FB13FDE7666D" box="[527,562,1268,1289]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">cap</emphasis>
= carinal process of basis, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FCA3FB14FC8D679B" box="[831,856,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
cl 
<superScript id="DBEDBA513D1A7572FCCDFB14FC8D679B" attach="left" box="[849,856,1267,1279]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
= carinolatus 1, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FB9DFB14FBCD679B" box="[1025,1048,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
cl 
<superScript id="DBEDBA513D1A7572FB8DFB14FBCD679B" attach="left" box="[1041,1048,1267,1279]" fontSize="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">2</superScript>
</emphasis>
= carinolatus 2, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FB5EFB14FB0A666C" box="[1218,1247,1267,1288]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">clp</emphasis>
= carinolateral process of basis, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FF7DFAF6FF3F6642" box="[225,234,1297,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">r</emphasis>
= rostrum, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1A7572FEFCFAF6FEA06642" box="[352,373,1297,1318]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">rp</emphasis>
= rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1A7572FCDFFABAFBF865D1" blockId="8.[835,1475,1373,1717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
Scutum (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FC3BFABAFBFF6611" box="[935,1066,1373,1397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,148,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-11@9.[110,1454,185,1567]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., opercular plates (holotype). A, B, Right scutum, external and internal side; C, D, Left scutum, external and internal side; E, F, Left tergum, external and internal side; G, H, Right tergum, internal and external side. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358396/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Figs. 9A–D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FBA4FABAFB526611" box="[1080,1159,1373,1397]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">10D–G</figureCitation>
) white (after treatment with bleach), semitransparent, height slightly longer than width, latticed, distinct external growth ridges crossed by prominent radial ribs, occludent margin strongly dentate. Articular ridge ~2/3 length of tergal margin, slightly prominent, lower end smooth, not truncated; adductor ridge feeble, pits for adductor and depressor muscles not developed. Scutum of biggest specimen from 
<collectingCountry id="548F57893D1A7572FC68F9DAFB8B6531" box="[1012,1118,1597,1621]" name="Indonesia" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
has internal sculpture different from that in Taiwanese specimens (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FB51F9BAFA866511" box="[1229,1363,1629,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-8@10.[132,1476,270,1908]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 10. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: ba = basis, ca = carina, cap = carinal process of basis, cl1 = carinolatus 1, cl2 = carinolatus 2, clp = carinolateral process of basis, r = rostrum, rp = rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 10D, E</figureCitation>
): articular ridge distinctly prominent; pits for adductor and depressor muscles conspicuous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1A7572FCDFF939FBC664F1" blockId="8.[835,1475,1757,1941]" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
Tergum (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FC36F93AFBCA6591" box="[938,1055,1757,1781]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[113,148,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,189,1564]" captionTargetId="figure-11@9.[110,1454,185,1567]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 9. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., opercular plates (holotype). A, B, Right scutum, external and internal side; C, D, Left scutum, external and internal side; E, F, Left tergum, external and internal side; G, H, Right tergum, internal and external side. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358396/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 9E–H</figureCitation>
) semitransparent, white, growth lines distinct; apex beak-shaped, scutal margin concave; spur short, truncated, ~half width of basal margin, distinctly separated from basiscutal angle; spur furrow wide, distinct. Articular ridge feeble, ~1/3 length of scutal margin, depressor muscle crests rudimentary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1A7573FCDFF85AFB6D640A" blockId="8.[835,1475,1981,2101]" lastBlockId="9.[812,1452,1686,1902]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="594" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">
Labrum (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FC3AF85AFBE464B1" box="[934,1073,1981,2005]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,149,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,190,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[191,1375,186,1441]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 11. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (holotype). A, Labrum and mandibular palps; B, Enlarged crests of labrum; C, D, Mandibles; E, F, Lower angle of mandibles; G, H, Maxillules. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358400/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Figs. 11A, B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FBA0F85AFBBF64B1" box="[1084,1130,1981,2005]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">13A</figureCitation>
) with deep medial notch, 3 tiny, delicate teeth on each crest hidden by dense, thin, small setae. Crests of labrum with rows of ctenoid scales (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FA0BF81AFCA06B51" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Fig. 13A</figureCitation>
). Mandibular palps (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FBC7F7FAFB1F6B51" box="[1115,1226,2077,2101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,149,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,190,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[191,1375,186,1441]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 11. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (holotype). A, Labrum and mandibular palps; B, Enlarged crests of labrum; C, D, Mandibles; E, F, Lower angle of mandibles; G, H, Maxillules. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358400/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">Figs. 11A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1A7572FB44F7FAFAFD6B51" box="[1240,1320,2077,2101]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="593">13A, B</figureCitation>
) club-shaped, with long, small, thin, dense, setulate and simple setae on distal ends, small, simple, dense setae and rows of ctenoid scales on lateral surfaces. Mandible (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FD95F931FD44658A" box="[521,657,1750,1774]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,149,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,190,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[191,1375,186,1441]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 11. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (holotype). A, Labrum and mandibular palps; B, Enlarged crests of labrum; C, D, Mandibles; E, F, Lower angle of mandibles; G, H, Maxillules. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358400/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">Figs. 11C–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FD03F931FD3D658A" box="[671,744,1750,1774]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">13C–E</figureCitation>
) cutting edge with 5 teeth decreasing in size from upper to lower, teeth 1–3 well separated from each other, teeth 2–4 bifid, inferior angle sharp, with group of sharp denticles and setae, inner margin with long, simple setae, outer margin and upper part of blade with long, thin, omniserrate setae, lateral surface of blade with dense, small, biserrate setae (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FD16F871FF5064AA" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">Fig. 13D, E</figureCitation>
). Maxillules (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FE80F851FE7864AA" box="[284,429,1974,1998]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,149,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,190,1438]" captionTargetId="figure-11@11.[191,1375,186,1441]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 11. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (holotype). A, Labrum and mandibular palps; B, Enlarged crests of labrum; C, D, Mandibles; E, F, Lower angle of mandibles; G, H, Maxillules. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358400/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">Figs. 11G, H</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FE26F851FDD364AA" box="[442,518,1974,1998]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">13F, G</figureCitation>
) with 8–10 cuspidate setae of different lengths along straight cutting edge; notch absent; upper and lower pairs of cuspidate setae largest; tuft of small, sharp cuspidate setae on inferior angle; long, simple, serrate setae along outer and inner margins; dense biserrate setae on lateral surfaces. Maxillae (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FB21F951FAEE65AA" box="[1213,1339,1718,1742]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" captionTargetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-8@12.[132,1476,329,1851]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 13. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: lb = labrum, mdp = mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">Fig. 13H–J</figureCitation>
), bilobed; dense, long simple and serrate setae distally and along inner margins of upper and lower lobes; ctenoid scales on lateral surfaces of upper lobes; field of stub setae in upper-lateral part of lower lobe; dense carpet of sharp, biserrate setae and fine small setae in fused basal parts.
</paragraph>
<caption id="78E747913D1B7573FFEDF9CBFAB5653A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358396" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358396/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594" startId="9.[113,148,1580,1602]" targetBox="[113,1451,189,1564]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1B7573FFEDF9CBFAB5653A" blockId="9.[113,1452,1580,1631]" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">
Fig. 9. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1B7573FF2BF9CBFEB66525" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[183,355,1580,1601]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="9" pageNumber="594" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1B7573FF2BF9CBFEB66525" box="[183,355,1580,1601]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D1B7573FEF6F9CAFE6F6526" box="[362,442,1581,1602]" pageId="9" pageNumber="594" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, opercular plates (holotype). A, B, Right scutum, external and internal side; C, D, Left scutum, external and internal side; E, F, Left tergum, external and internal side; G, H, Right tergum, internal and external side. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1B7574FCB1F871FD2E60F1" blockId="9.[813,1452,1942,2094]" lastBlockId="14.[136,776,189,917]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="599" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">
Cirrus I with rami unequal; anterior ramus (22 annuli) almost 3 times longer than posterior ramus (7 annuli); both rami covered with dense setae. Cirrus II (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1B7573FB54F831FAFB648A" box="[1224,1326,2006,2030]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="594">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
) with rami unequal; anterior ramus (12 annuli) longer than posterior ramus (9 annuli); annuli of rami with long, dense, simple and serrate setae on anterior edge; tuft of serrate setae in posterio-distal corner. Cirrus III (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FE74FF3AFD816391" box="[488,596,221,245]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,1546,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-50@11.[193,1372,1543,2051]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 12. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri (holotype). A, Cirrus III, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus; B, Cirrus IV, proximal part; C, Cirrus V, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358403/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Figs. 12A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FDC2FF3AFD1C6391" box="[606,713,221,245]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">14A, D, E</figureCitation>
) with anterior ramus (15 annuli) slightly longer than posterior (11 annuli); proximal and middle annuli of anterior ramus with single, sharp upward denticle beneath 2 pairs of long setae and 2 pairs of small, serrate setae; tuft of serrate setae in posterio-distal corner; lateral surfaces of annuli with row of ctenoid scales in upper part (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FE7FFE7AFD9062D1" box="[483,581,413,437]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
). Cirrus IV (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FD4DFE7AFF6262B1" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,1546,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-50@11.[193,1372,1543,2051]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 12. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri (holotype). A, Cirrus III, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus; B, Cirrus IV, proximal part; C, Cirrus V, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358403/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Figs. 12B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FF5EFE5AFEF862B1" box="[194,301,445,469]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">14A, D, F</figureCitation>
) with rami subequal; anterior ramus with 21 annuli, posterior ramus with 22; proximal annuli of anterior ramus with developed curved tooth on anterior edge, group of sharp denticles at tooth base; basis without teeth; ramal annuli with 3 pairs of long, middle setae and short, serrulate setae on upper part of anterior edge, tuft of thin simple setae on posterio-diatal corner; distal annuli of rami with tuft of 6 stout, serrate setae in upper part. Cirrus V (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FDC5FD7AFD1161D1" box="[601,708,669,693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="11.[113,148,2064,2086]" captionTargetBox="[194,1372,1546,2048]" captionTargetId="figure-50@11.[193,1372,1543,2051]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Fig. 12. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri (holotype). A, Cirrus III, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus; B, Cirrus IV, proximal part; C, Cirrus V, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358403/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Figs. 12C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FD4CFD7AFD2A61D1" box="[720,767,669,693]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">14A</figureCitation>
) with broken rami (19, 27 annuli); annuli of anterior ramus without teeth and denticles; ramal annuli with 3 pairs of long, middle setae and short, serrulate setae on anterior edge, tuft of setae on posterio-distal corner. Cirrus VI with broken rami (24, 21 annuli); intermediate annuli of both rami with 3 pairs of long, middle setae and short, serrulate setae; some annuli with few long, thin setae on posterio-distal corner.
</paragraph>
<caption id="78E747913D187570FF14F866FB116489" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358398" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358398/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="595" startId="10.[136,171,1921,1943]" targetBox="[135,1473,273,1905]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D187570FF14F866FB116489" blockId="10.[136,1475,1921,2029]" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">
Fig. 10. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D187570FF42F866FE5964F2" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[222,396,1921,1942]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="10" pageNumber="595" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FF42F866FE5964F2" box="[222,396,1921,1942]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D187570FE09F866FE3364F2" box="[405,486,1921,1942]" pageId="10" pageNumber="595" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, shells, general view and compartments (paratypes: A, D, E, H from Java Sea; B, C, F, G, I from Taiwan). A, B, Complete shells, left and right side; C, General view from basis; D, F, Scutum, external surface; E, G, Scutum, internal surface; H, I, Basis, internal surface. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FD05F85DFD6464AB" box="[665,689,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">ba</emphasis>
= basis, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FC8CF85CFCF264B4" box="[784,807,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">ca</emphasis>
= carina, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FC0DF85CFC6164B4" box="[913,948,1979,2000]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">cap</emphasis>
= carinal process of basis, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FB51F85DFB3064A2" box="[1229,1253,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">
cl 
<superScript id="DBEDBA513D187570FB42F85DFB3064A2" attach="left" box="[1246,1253,1978,1990]" fontSize="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
= carinolatus 1, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FA0FF85DFA7964A2" box="[1427,1452,1978,1999]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">
cl 
<superScript id="DBEDBA513D187570FA39F85DFA7964A2" attach="left" box="[1445,1452,1978,1990]" fontSize="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">2</superScript>
</emphasis>
= carinolatus 2, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FE89F830FEE76488" box="[277,306,2007,2028]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">clp</emphasis>
= carinolateral process of basis, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FDEAF83FFDAA6489" box="[630,639,2008,2029]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">r</emphasis>
= rostrum, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D187570FD69F83FFCDF6489" box="[757,778,2008,2029]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="595">rp</emphasis>
= rostral process of basis. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="78E747913D197571FFEDFA49FC596684" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358400" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358400" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358400/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="596" startId="11.[113,149,1454,1476]" targetBox="[194,1372,190,1438]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D197571FFEDFA49FC596684" blockId="11.[113,1452,1454,1504]" pageId="11" pageNumber="596">
Fig. 11. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D197571FF56FA49FEAE66A7" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[202,379,1454,1475]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="11" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D197571FF56FA49FEAE66A7" box="[202,379,1454,1475]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="596">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D197571FE19FA49FE0D66A7" box="[389,472,1454,1475]" pageId="11" pageNumber="596" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, mouth parts (holotype). A, Labrum and mandibular palps; B, Enlarged crests of labrum; C, D, Mandibles; E, F, Lower angle of mandibles; G, H, Maxillules. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="78E747913D197571FFEDF7F7FCF86B26" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358403" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358403/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="596" startId="11.[113,148,2064,2086]" targetBox="[194,1372,1546,2048]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D197571FFEDF7F7FCF86B26" blockId="11.[113,1452,2064,2115]" pageId="11" pageNumber="596">
Fig. 12. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D197571FF5AF7F7FEA66B41" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[198,371,2064,2085]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="11" pageNumber="596" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D197571FF5AF7F7FEA66B41" box="[198,371,2064,2085]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="596">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D197571FEE7F7F7FE196B41" box="[379,460,2064,2085]" pageId="11" pageNumber="596" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, cirri (holotype). A, Cirrus III, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus; B, Cirrus IV, proximal part; C, Cirrus V, annuli of middle part of anterior ramus. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="78E747913D1E7576FF14F8AFFC6464D7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358405" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358405/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="597" startId="12.[136,171,1864,1886]" targetBox="[135,1473,332,1849]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1E7576FF14F8AFFC6464D7" blockId="12.[136,1476,1864,1972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="597">
Fig. 13. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1E7576FF47F8AFFE526439" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[219,391,1864,1885]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="12" pageNumber="597" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1E7576FF47F8AFFE526439" box="[219,391,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="597">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D1E7576FE0CF8AFFE356439" box="[400,480,1864,1885]" pageId="12" pageNumber="597" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, mouth parts (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Crest of labrum with mandibular palp; B, Surface of distal part of mandibular palp; C, Mandible; D, Biserrate setae on lateral surface of mandible; E, Setae on upper margin of mandible; F, Maxillule; G, Lower part of maxillule; H, Maxillae, inner surface; I, Small setae on basal part of maxilla; J, Stub setae on proximal lobe of maxilla. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1E7576FE0CF879FE7664D7" box="[400,419,1950,1971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="597">lb</emphasis>
= labrum, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1E7576FD8DF879FDEF64D7" box="[529,570,1950,1971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="597">mdp</emphasis>
= mandibular palp. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="78E747913D1F7577FFEDF86FFC7264B3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="598" startId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" targetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1F7577FFEDF86FFC7264B3" blockId="13.[113,1452,1928,2008]" pageId="13" pageNumber="598">
Fig. 14. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1F7577FF5FF86FFEBB64F9" authority="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov, 2017" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[195,366,1928,1949]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="598" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1F7577FF5FF86FFEBB64F9" box="[195,366,1928,1949]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="598">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05DF76703D1F7577FEE9F86EFE1164FA" box="[373,452,1929,1950]" pageId="13" pageNumber="598" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1F7577FEC1F825FEA164B3" box="[349,372,1986,2007]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="598">c2</emphasis>
to 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1F7577FE04F825FE1364B3" box="[408,454,1986,2007]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="598">c6 =</emphasis>
cirri II to cirri VI, 
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1F7577FD19F825FD4964B3" box="[645,668,1986,2007]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="598">pe</emphasis>
= penis. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1C7574FF14FC5AFCD26091" blockId="14.[136,775,957,1013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">
Penis (
<figureCitation id="B4A30B9C3D1C7574FF53FC5AFE9860B1" box="[207,333,957,981]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[113,148,1928,1950]" captionTargetBox="[113,1451,296,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-11@13.[110,1454,293,1915]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 14. Acasta crucibasis sp. nov., cirri and penis (SEM, paratype, from Taiwan). A, Right cirri and penis; B, Base of penis; C, Terminal part of cirri; D, Cirrus III, middle parts of rami; E, Cirrus III, annuli in middle part of anterior ramus. F, Cirrus IV, annuli in middle part of rami. Abbreviations: c2 to c6 = cirri II to cirri VI, pe = penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5358407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5358407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Fig. 14A–C</figureCitation>
) annulated; basidorsal point rudimentary; gradually tapering distally; tip with few thin, simple setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="648244923D1C7574FF14FBFAFDD96631" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1C7574FF14FBFAFDD96631" blockId="14.[135,775,1053,1365]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FF14FBFAFF226751" bold="true" box="[136,247,1053,1077]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new species 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FE23FBF9FDAB6751" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[447,638,1053,1077]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FE23FBF9FDAB6751" box="[447,638,1053,1077]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Acasta crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to the species of genus 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FEF0FBD9FE606731" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1817" box="[364,437,1086,1109]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FEF0FBD9FE606731" box="[364,437,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Acasta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FE58FBD9FD046731" authority="Gravier, 1921" authorityName="Gravier" authorityYear="1921" box="[452,721,1085,1109]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FE58FBD9FDE46731" box="[452,561,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. armata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D1C7574FDA7FBDAFD046731" author="Gravier C" box="[571,721,1085,1109]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" pagination="353 - 357" refId="ref11526" refString="Gravier C (1921) Sur deux especes de Cirripedes du genre Acasta Leach vivant a la cote francaise des Somalis. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 1921: 353 - 357." type="journal article" year="1921">Gravier, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FD6CFBD9FEE26711" authority="Ren, 1984" authorityName="Ren" authorityYear="1984" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FD6CFBD9FF136711" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. sinica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D1C7574FF57FBB9FEE26711" author="Ren X" box="[203,311,1117,1141]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" pagination="183 - 214" refId="ref12126" refString="Ren X (1984) Studies on Chinese Cirripedia (Crustacea) V. Genus Acasta. Studia Marina Sinica, 23: 183 - 214." type="journal article" year="1984">Ren, 1984</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FED4FBB9FDB56711" authority="Darwin, 1854" authorityName="Darwin" authorityYear="1854" box="[328,608,1117,1141]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fenestrata">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FED4FBB9FE1E6711" box="[328,459,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. fenestrata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D1C7574FE4CFBBAFDB56711" author="Darwin C" box="[464,608,1117,1141]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" refId="ref11429" refString="Darwin C (1854) A Monograph on the Sub-Class Cirripedia, With Figures of All the Species. The Balanidae. Ray Society, London, 770 pp." type="book" year="1854">Darwin, 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FDFBFBB9FEDB67F1" authority="Broch, 1931" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1931" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foraminifera">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FDFBFBB9FCD06711" box="[615,773,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. foraminifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D1C7574FF14FB9AFEDB67F1" author="Broch H" box="[136,270,1149,1173]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" pagination="1 - 146" refId="ref11372" refString="Broch H (1931) Paper from the Dr. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16. LVI. Indomalayan Cirripedia. Videnskabelige Meddelelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 91: 1 - 146." type="journal article" year="1931">Broch, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FED9FB99FDB467F1" authority="Kolbasov, 1990" authorityName="Kolbasov" authorityYear="1990" box="[325,609,1149,1173]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pertusa">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FED9FB99FE6667F1" box="[325,435,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. pertusa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="48096AE83D1C7574FE24FB9AFDB467F1" author="Kolbasov GA" box="[440,609,1149,1173]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" pagination="142 - 145" refId="ref11605" refString="Kolbasov GA (1990) Acasta pertusa sp. n. (Cirripedia, Thoracica) from the Red Sea. Zoologichesky Zhurnal, 69 (9): 142 - 145." type="journal article" year="1990">
Kolbasov, 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1C7574FDB0FB9AFDB467F1" box="[556,609,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0546" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" unit="in" value="1990.0">1990</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having large windows between the wall plates. But only 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FDD5FB79FD0867D1" box="[585,733,1181,1205]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="forminifera">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FDD5FB79FD0867D1" box="[585,733,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. forminifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has basal part of carinolatus 2 eliminated with a large window as in 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FF39FB39FEE66791" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[165,307,1245,1269]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FF39FB39FEE66791" box="[165,307,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FEDDFB39FE1B6791" authorityName="Yu &amp; Chan &amp; Achituv &amp; Kolbasov" authorityYear="2017" box="[321,462,1245,1269]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crucibasis">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FEDDFB39FE1B6791" box="[321,462,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. crucibasis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FDFDFB39FCD26791" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1931" box="[609,775,1245,1269]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foraminifera">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FDFDFB39FCD26791" box="[609,775,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. foraminifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the cruciform basis, latticed scutum, truncated tergal spur and number of cuspidate setae on cutting edge of maxillules (8–10 instead 
<quantity id="EB60BAFC3D1C7574FEBEFADAFE986631" box="[290,333,1341,1365]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="EB986C9A3D1C7574FEC9FAD9FE296631" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1931" box="[341,508,1341,1365]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Archaeobalanidae" genus="Acasta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foraminifera">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FEC9FAD9FE296631" box="[341,508,1341,1365]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">A. foraminifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="648244923D1C7574FF14FA9AFE6E66B1" pageId="14" pageNumber="599" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="2C2717193D1C7574FF14FA9AFE6E66B1" blockId="14.[136,775,1405,1493]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">
<emphasis id="1EECCB0B3D1C7574FF14FA9AFED966F1" bold="true" box="[136,268,1405,1429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="599">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is derived from the Latin ‘crux’ or ‘crucis’ – cross, and ‘basis’, referring to the crossshaped basis of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>