206 lines
41 KiB
XML
206 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="9EA94DF859CDBBF06B5779E1840A8A45" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5035.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5499024" ID-ZooBank="95CC79A1-8A2D-4532-8E59-A3DA1A437A62" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1631246229247" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wanat, Marek" docDate="2021" docId="A40A5638E845CD5FFF6B2B6EFF116B45" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5035.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5035 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5035.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Rhynchitapion Wanat 2021, gen. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="58332E40E840CD59FFFC294CFFF26C34" masterDocTitle="New basal taxa of South African Apioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Brentidae)" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1699406614121" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="CED5698C49A3C6BA0A4151B9F4F8F1F9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7D935B9EC100D9A235E8648E31E045D3">
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<mods:title id="C16C97D4001671038D75C5310EFF94EB">New basal taxa of South African Apioninae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Brentidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="2DDA708C19928E2AC438C8222289F44D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="35149851957244E374A6A698A10B2077">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DB2B401F2F56BDCA81474C3EFC657095">Wanat, Marek</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A04431B991BB82E61BACFFF12CC6D8AC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B872D3101012F04F4615BF566698CFC2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B7F19F253EA8A71559311AF728A9A3B7">
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<mods:date id="B521823F4E8AF1EACC4E2EF758492F79">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0FFC697B61ED0CEB13675CC2437B0EE3">2021-09-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="439E4F03B3A001E01C630FDA4E029FDE">5035</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6910EA37D8ADB35986609DE86A1B8199" type="issue">
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<mods:url id="3DBBC94E31C2621B01F3AEC2DAAD7589">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5035.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8F871CF915DD4FBBFB2EBF4253C3C0DB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="590024F1A05282115FF8BB135D7693AF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5035.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6B47B99363975322B85BE0A44223DB30" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B398C713F2E33794A26850ADC803CCF4" type="Zenodo-Dep">5499024</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="75B98694AE1CA9FCA6B4A751CE0455C3" type="ZooBank">95CC79A1-8A2D-4532-8E59-A3DA1A437A62</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A40A5638E845CD5FFF6B2B6EFF116B45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499030" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5499030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A40A5638E845CD5FFF6B2B6EFF116B45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A40A5638E845CD5FFF6B2B6EFF116B45" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E845CD5CFF6B2B6EFE566E09" box="[151,420,546,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF6B2B6EFE566E09" blockId="5.[151,420,546,573]" box="[151,420,546,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="77545042E845CD5CFF6B2B6EFE566E09" bold="true" box="[151,420,546,573]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFF6B2B6EFE566E09" bold="true" box="[151,420,546,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="EBA39CADE845CD5CFF6B2B6EFEB86E09" authority="Wanat, 2021" authorityName="Wanat" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,330,546,573]" class="Insecta" family="Brentidae" genus="Rhynchitapion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFF6B2B6EFEB86E09" bold="true" box="[151,330,546,573]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rhynchitapion</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="05E48647E845CD5CFEAE2B6FFE566E09" box="[338,420,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E845CD5CFF6B2B24FD996E4B" box="[151,619,615,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF6B2B24FD996E4B" blockId="5.[151,619,615,640]" box="[151,619,615,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<typeStatus id="F318598CE845CD5CFF6B2B24FF3B6EB4" box="[151,201,616,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="EBA39CADE845CD5CFEDA2B2BFDD96E4B" authority="Wanat, 2021" authorityName="Wanat" authorityYear="2021" box="[294,555,615,639]" class="Insecta" family="Brentidae" genus="Rhynchitapion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variiforme" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFEDA2B2BFDD96E4B" box="[294,555,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rhynchitapion variiforme</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFDCE2B2BFD996E4B" bold="true" box="[562,619,615,639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="05E48647E845CD5CFDCE2B2BFD996E4B" box="[562,619,615,639]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E845CD5CFF6B2BE1FD2D697B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF6B2BE1FC5F68AF" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFF6B2BE1FEE06EF3" bold="true" box="[151,274,685,711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Small to medium sized species, body length
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<quantity id="EB5B4ACBE845CD5CFCF42BE1FC606EFC" box="[776,914,685,712]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="1.4">1.4–3.7 mm</quantity>
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. Head with rostrum base, pronotum, elytra and legs bearing long, erect hair-like setae, on head and pronotum directed obliquely forward; any fully appressed pilosity or scales missing even from the underside of body. Rostrum thin, widest at the thickening basad metarostrum, not less than 2.7 × as long as wide at antennal insertion; antennal pits long-oval; scrobes lateroventral, shallow, vanishing well before head venter. Head markedly transverse. Antennae relatively the longest among
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<taxonomicName id="EBA39CADE845CD5CFB352A71FAB36F63" authorityName="Schoenherr" authorityYear="1823" box="[1225,1345,829,855]" class="Insecta" family="Brentidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Apioninae">Apioninae</taxonomicName>
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, at least 0.8 × as long as elytra and more than twice as long as pronotum; all antennomeres elongate; club loosely segmented, 5–6 × as long as wide. Pronotum in dorsal view trilobate; its disc convex from anterior margin or nearly so, but flattened in basal fifth, punctate, without median fovea and basal flange. Elytral suture apically straight and simple,
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFF6B2A82FF486FD3" box="[151,186,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">i.e.</emphasis>
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, without pocket-like lock; basal margin of elytra with low rim vanishing at level of stria 5; five striae present between suture and humeral callus, stria 1 shortened, commencing well behind scutellar shield; both subhumeral and subapical remains of separate stria 10 present; stria 3 apically joining 8. Procoxae pear-shaped, like mesocoxae, with a low, obtuse dentiform process limiting rotation of trochanter (
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE845CD5CFC612D75FC036867" box="[925,1009,1081,1107]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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); in septum of mesocoxae the mesoventral process is clearly longer than metaventral process. Legs thin, all subequally long. Trochanters elongate, well separating femur and coxa. Femora unarmed, without coarse wrinkles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2DEAFEA3691F" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">In male, all tibiae mucronate; pygidium concealed, lacking anterior apodemes, with well sclerotized internal tongue-like process; membrane between sternites VIII and IX with pair of additional sclerites; endophallus with paired frena, elongate and atypical in shape. Female tergite VII with raised carina along arched apical margin; tergite VIII subdivided.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2C79FD2D697B" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" box="[199,735,1333,1360]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">See also the key to South African genera below.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E845CD5FFF3B2C15FAD46AAD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2C15FD246A30" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE845CD5CFF3B2C15FEAB6947" bold="true" box="[199,345,1369,1395]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</emphasis>
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Body narrow. Integument smooth, at most finely microreticulate, microsculpture net-like, not in form of transverse wrinkles. Coloration variable, black, testaceous or mixed, elytra never with longitudinal stripes. Erect setae dense or sparse, irregularly arched, on head and pronotum all directed anterad, variably long and arising from punctures of variable size; on pronotum setation dual, long and erect on convex anterior part of disc, much shorter and semi-recumbent on flattened basal part.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2F42FDEF6AA7" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rostrum arising from upper half of head in profile, in cross-section flattened in distal part, in dorsal view subparallel-sided, confusedly punctate dorsally and ventrally, lacking regular sulci and rows of punctures; sexual dimorphism in length and shape weak or indiscernible; scrobes vanishing ventrally before thickened rostrum base, their septum broad, not prominent.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2FD1FA826A83" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" box="[199,1392,1693,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Mouthparts of typically apionid
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<typeStatus id="F318598CE845CD5CFDCE2FD2FD976A8C" box="[562,613,1694,1720]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
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, with 2-segmented maxillary- and 1-segmented labial palps (
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE845CD5CFAF32FD1FA916A83" box="[1295,1379,1693,1719]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2F8EFD856B73" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Antennae with protruding setae; their insertion on rostrum submedian (0.43–0.55); scape only exceptionally shorter than breadth of mesorostrum, usually distinctly longer, always clearly shorter than combined length of funicular segments 1 and 2, the latter of about the same length; club not less than 5 × as long as wide, with well separated segments, all distinctly elongate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE845CD5CFF3B2E1DFDE96BE3" blockId="5.[151,1437,685,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Head transverse; eyes relatively small and convex, shortly elongate to nearly round; temples punctate and rugose for a short distance behind eye, mostly smooth and finely wrinkled at posterior part of head capsule; subocular setae sparse, protruding; gular area between eyes convex, with minute setiferous punctures, eventual wrinkles transverse, not U-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE845CD5CFE7A2EF1FE116BE3" box="[390,483,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE845CD5CFE132EF1FDFD6BE3" box="[495,527,1981,2007]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,885,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-295@20.[151,1435,885,1857]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Rhynchitapion usambarense sp. n., SEM micrographs. rostrum and head, ventral view (92); antenna (93); prothorax, ventral view (94); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and part of metaventrite (95)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499054/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">92</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B29DBFBBF6DBD" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Pronotum elongate, with shallow subapical and sub-basal constrictions, in dorsal outline each distant 0.25–0.30 × pronotal length from the respective apical and basal margins, in side view convex except flattened basal part of disc, with rectangular hind corners, lacking basal flange, with fine line along basal margin (
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFB492993FAF96CCD" box="[1205,1291,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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); the margin behind eyes not thickened, without dense wrinkling; disc and sides irregularly punctate; posterior lateral groove absent; notosternal suture running anterad closely to margin of coxal cavity and not ending in a deeper pit (
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFAC7286BFA7C6D76" box="[1339,1422,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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); prosternum at least 2 × shorter than hypomeron, declining posterad; procoxae contiguous, procoxal cavities with low posterior rim; prosternellum fully fused to hypomeron, prominent (
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFC4B2823FBE66DBD" box="[951,1044,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFBDC2823FBB26DBD" box="[1056,1088,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,885,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-295@20.[151,1435,885,1857]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Rhynchitapion usambarense sp. n., SEM micrographs. rostrum and head, ventral view (92); antenna (93); prothorax, ventral view (94); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and part of metaventrite (95)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499054/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">94</figureCitation>
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).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B28DFFD206D99" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" box="[199,722,403,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Scutellar shield small, isodiametric, triangular.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B28FBFB016E55" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Elytra weakly, regularly convex, elongate suboval in dorsal outline, at least 1.65 × as long as wide; basal sutural lock composed of 3–4 oblique elongate laminae and pits (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFCE52897FC9F6DC1" box="[793,877,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
); striae shallowly impressed, without sharp edges, punctate, apically joining (1+10)+(2+9), 3+8, whilst striae 4–7 mostly disconnected (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFBB028B3FB6D6E2E" box="[1100,1183,511,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
); on non-black integument strial punctures surrounded by catenulate short-oval chambers visible through integument; intervals smooth, at most with sparse minute punctures; specialized setae not discernible among erect elytral setation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2B27FC866EF9" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Wings functional; radial window distinct; cubito-anal vein remnants paired, weakly distinguished, simple; main anal vein (2A in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48329ADFE846CD5FFEA82BC3FE2C6E9D" author="Wanat, M." box="[340,478,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref44890" refString="Wanat, M. (2001) Genera of Australo-Pacific Rhadinocybinae and Myrmacicelinae, with biogeography of the Apionidae (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea) and phylogeny of the Brentidae (s. lato). Mantis, Olsztyn, 432 pp." type="book" year="2001">Wanat 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, AA3+
|
||
<quantity id="EB5B4ACBE846CD5FFDD22BC3FDA86E9D" box="[558,602,655,681]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="48329ADFE846CD5FFD9D2BC3FC976E9D" author="Oberprieler, R. G. & Anderson, R. S. & Marvaldi, A. E." box="[609,869,655,681]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1802" refId="ref44181" refString="Oberprieler, R. G., Anderson, R. S. & Marvaldi, A. E. (2014) 3. Curculionoidea Latreille, 1802: Introduction, Phylogeny. In: Leschen, R. A. B. & Beutel, R. G. (Eds.), Handbook of Zoology. Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera, Beetles. Vol. 3. Morphology and Systematics (Phytophaga). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston, pp. 285 - 300." type="book chapter" year="2014">
|
||
Oberprieler
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFD162BC3FCD16E9D" box="[746,803,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) straight to slightly sinuous, without spurs; subsequent 3A vein short, straight; anal notch broad, shallow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFCEF2BFFFC946EF9" box="[787,870,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–43" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[164,1423,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 28–43. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n. Antenna (28). Male, protibia (29); mesotibia (30). Holotype, male: hind wing (31); abdominal ventrites (32). Male pygidium in dorsal (33), lateral (34) and ventral (35) views. Male sternites VIII and IX (36) and membrane between them showing additional sclerites (37). Male, Grootkloof, penis in dorsal (38) and lateral (39) views. Male, Wakefield: tegminal plate, dorsal view (40); tegmen, lateral view (41); shape of pedon and endophallic armature, dorsal view (42); tergite VII (43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499034/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2B9BFD906F69" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Pterothorax: mesoventrite with anapleural sutures visible or not; mesepimeral sulcus shallow, without clear edges, punctate; intermesocoxal process of mesoventrite long. Mesocoxal cavities with low posterior rim (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFAC62BB7FA6A6F21" box="[1338,1432,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–27" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1570,1594]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetId="figure-16@11.[151,1435,181,1547]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 16–27. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n., SEM micrographs. Habitus, lateral (16); rostrum, head and pronotum, dorsal view (17); rostrum and head, ventral view (18); mouthparts (19); antenna (20); prothorax, ventral view (21); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and metaventrite (22); metacoxae and abdominal ventrites (23); sutural postscutellar lock of right elytron (24); sutural apex of right elytron (25); male mucro of metatibia (26); tarsal claws (27)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499032/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFF6B2A52FF456F0D" box="[151,183,798,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 92–95" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1881,1905]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,885,1857]" captionTargetId="figure-295@20.[151,1435,885,1857]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 92–95. Rhynchitapion usambarense sp. n., SEM micrographs. rostrum and head, ventral view (92); antenna (93); prothorax, ventral view (94); mesoventrite, mesocoxae and part of metaventrite (95)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499054" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499054/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">95</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal ventrites 1+2 finely punctate, without transverse wrinkles; ventrites 3–5 more strongly microreticulate; ventrite 5 unmodified in both sexes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2A2BFD8E6801" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Legs very slender. Femora all subequally thick, thickest in about distal two-thirds, untoothed, with protruding setae; inflated median parts polished, not wrinkled. Tibiae straight, without sharp edges, with long erect setae only on outer margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFEA62AE3FE456FFD" box="[346,439,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–43" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[164,1423,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 28–43. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n. Antenna (28). Male, protibia (29); mesotibia (30). Holotype, male: hind wing (31); abdominal ventrites (32). Male pygidium in dorsal (33), lateral (34) and ventral (35) views. Male sternites VIII and IX (36) and membrane between them showing additional sclerites (37). Male, Grootkloof, penis in dorsal (38) and lateral (39) views. Male, Wakefield: tegminal plate, dorsal view (40); tegmen, lateral view (41); shape of pedon and endophallic armature, dorsal view (42); tergite VII (43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499034/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFE3F2AE3FE116FFE" box="[451,483,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[151,1435,181,1840]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 57–74. Rhynchitapion pallidum sp. n. Male, Tsitsikamma, dorsal habitus (57). Female, Lily Vlei: lateral habitus (58); tarsal claws (59); prothorax in dorsal (60) and lateral (61) views; elytra in postero-lateral view (62). Rostrum and head in dorsal view, female (63), male (64).Female: rostrum and head in lateral view (65); antenna (66). Male metatibial mucro (67). Female protarsus (68). Male: protibia with mucro (69); pygidium in dorsal (70), lateral (71) and ventral (72) views; tergite 7 (73); abdominal ventrites (74)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499042/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">69</figureCitation>
|
||
); apical tuft inconspicuous, without a pair of distinct setae. Tarsi narrow, with poorly developed ventral adhesive sole; tarsomere 1 subtruncate or rounded apically, tarsomere 2 emarginate dorsally; bi-lobed tarsomere 3 narrow, inconspicuous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFD6F2ABBFD036825" box="[659,753,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 57–74" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-16@17.[151,1435,181,1840]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 57–74. Rhynchitapion pallidum sp. n. Male, Tsitsikamma, dorsal habitus (57). Female, Lily Vlei: lateral habitus (58); tarsal claws (59); prothorax in dorsal (60) and lateral (61) views; elytra in postero-lateral view (62). Rostrum and head in dorsal view, female (63), male (64).Female: rostrum and head in lateral view (65); antenna (66). Male metatibial mucro (67). Female protarsus (68). Male: protibia with mucro (69); pygidium in dorsal (70), lateral (71) and ventral (72) views; tergite 7 (73); abdominal ventrites (74)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499042/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFD022ABBFCDE6825" box="[766,812,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–111" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox="[186,1401,181,1822]" captionTargetId="figure-16@21.[186,1401,181,1822]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 96–111. Rhynchitapion usambarense sp. n., holotype, male. Dorsal (96) and lateral (97) habitus; apex of elytra in postero-lateral view (98); antenna (99); rostrum and head, dorsal view (100); pronotum and elytral base, dorsal view (101); rostrum and head, lateral view (102); penis in lateral (103) and dorsal (104) views; pygidium and sternite VIII, posterior view (105); metatibia and tarsus (106); protarsus (107); protibia (108); abdomen in dorsal (109) and lateral (110) views. Holotype labels (111)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499058/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">107</figureCitation>
|
||
); onychium distinctly surpassing length of tarsomere 3, without special apical setae; claws toothed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2D73FCDB6A19" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
Male. Abdominal ventrite 5 broadly rounded or roundly truncate apically. Membrane of tergite VII without median invagination. Pygidium strongly convex, with narrow exposed marginal ridge. Sternite VIII undivided, with broadly separated short lobes. Spiculum gastrale Y-shaped, symmetrical. Tegmen subarticulate; basal piece Y-shaped with short apodeme; tegminal plate generally typical for the most basal apionine lineages: largely nonsclerotized, not developed latero-ventrally, with short and broadly rounded paired parameral lobes ending with crescentic marginal sclerotization bearing long macrochaetae, lacking membranous apical extensions or they are vestigial; fenestral sector spread on entire width of the plate, devoid of delimited “windows” and confluent with transparent bases of parameral lobes; postfenestral plate short, undivided; prostegium broadly membranous medially, with long lateral extensions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFDE72C13FD89694D" box="[539,635,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–43" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1862,1886]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-25@12.[164,1423,181,1839]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 28–43. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n. Antenna (28). Male, protibia (29); mesotibia (30). Holotype, male: hind wing (31); abdominal ventrites (32). Male pygidium in dorsal (33), lateral (34) and ventral (35) views. Male sternites VIII and IX (36) and membrane between them showing additional sclerites (37). Male, Grootkloof, penis in dorsal (38) and lateral (39) views. Male, Wakefield: tegminal plate, dorsal view (40); tegmen, lateral view (41); shape of pedon and endophallic armature, dorsal view (42); tergite VII (43)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499034/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFD742C13FD26694D" box="[648,724,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–91" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,181,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-16@19.[166,1420,181,1804]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–91. Rhynchitapion pallidum sp. n. (75–88). Male: penis in dorsal (75) and lateral (76) views; tegminal plate, dorsal view (77); tegmen, lateral view (78); aedeagus with inflated endophallus in lateral (79) and dorsal (80) views; sternite VIII (81); sternite IX and additional sclerites (82). Female: tergite VII, dorsal view (83); tergites VII and VIII in posterior view and spiculum ventrale (84); gonocoxites (85); tergite VIII in dorsal view and sternal plate of spiculum ventrale (86); inflated bursa with accessory lobes (87); abdominal ventrites in transmission light (88). Rh. usambarense sp. n., holotype, male (89–91): sternite IX (89); tegminal plate in dorsal (90) and lateral (91) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499048/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">77, 90</figureCitation>
|
||
). Penis with pedon and tectum separated by broad membrane; tectum broad, weakly evenly sclerotized; penile apodemes flattened, indistinctly dichotomous basally; sclerotized connection of the apodemes with tectum full, with pedon subarticulated by a thin sclerotized filament; pedon with canaliculate apex; endophallus large, laying largely outside penile body in repose, with inflatable paired lobes; additional endophallic sclerites present or absent; entrance of ejaculatory duct (gonopore) dorsal, near the base of exposed part of endophallus, not on its apex (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFD682F5FFD006A19" box="[660,754,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 44–56" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox="[188,1399,181,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-16@13.[188,1399,181,1816]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 44–56. Rhynchitapion variiforme sp. n. (44–55). Male, inflated endophallus in dorsal (44) and lateral (45) views. Female, Karkloof: tergite VIII (46); sternal plate of spiculum ventrale (47); tergite VII (48). Female, Wilderness, gonocoxites, tergite VIII and spiculum ventrale (49). Male and female in copulation, Katberg: whole abdomina, male right (50); terminalia, male left (51); female terminalia with male endophallus in bursa, dorsal (52) and lateral (53) views; male terminalia, showing position of endophallic sclerites (54). Spermathecae: Rh. variiforme sp. n. (55); Rh. pallidum sp. n. (56)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499038/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 44</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="B498FBABE846CD5FFD012F5FFCEF6A19" box="[765,797,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–91" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1828,1852]" captionTargetBox="[166,1420,181,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-16@19.[166,1420,181,1804]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–91. Rhynchitapion pallidum sp. n. (75–88). Male: penis in dorsal (75) and lateral (76) views; tegminal plate, dorsal view (77); tegmen, lateral view (78); aedeagus with inflated endophallus in lateral (79) and dorsal (80) views; sternite VIII (81); sternite IX and additional sclerites (82). Female: tergite VII, dorsal view (83); tergites VII and VIII in posterior view and spiculum ventrale (84); gonocoxites (85); tergite VIII in dorsal view and sternal plate of spiculum ventrale (86); inflated bursa with accessory lobes (87); abdominal ventrites in transmission light (88). Rh. usambarense sp. n., holotype, male (89–91): sternite IX (89); tegminal plate in dorsal (90) and lateral (91) views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5499048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5499048/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">79</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2F7BFAD46AAD" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Female. Abdominal ventrite 5 nearly as in male, more regularly rounded. Tergite VIII strongly transverse, with a narrow marginal sclerotization subdivided in middle. Gonocoxites with setose styli. Bursa large, simply membranous. Spermatheca thin, smooth, irregularly c-shaped, without distinct prominences on a narrow corpus.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E846CD5FFF3B2FEEFBAB6AD5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2FEEFBAB6AD5" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFF3B2FEEFED56A88" bold="true" box="[199,295,1698,1724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Associated with the plant family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBA39CADE846CD5FFD592FEFFCC46A89" box="[677,822,1699,1725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Celastraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For known details see description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F318598CE846CD5FFAF02FEFFACE6A89" box="[1292,1340,1699,1725]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBA39CADE846CD5FFF6B2F8BFEC86AD5" authority="Wanat, 2021" authorityName="Wanat" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,314,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Brentidae" genus="Rhynchitapion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variiforme" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFF6B2F8BFF446AD5" box="[151,182,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rh</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFF382F8BFEC86AD5" box="[196,314,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">variiforme</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFEBD2F8BFE736AD5" bold="true" box="[321,385,1735,1761]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="05E48647E846CD5FFEBD2F8BFE736AD5" box="[321,385,1735,1761]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; in the remaining genus members the biology remains unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E846CD5FFF3B2FA6FC9E6B32" box="[199,876,1770,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2FA6FC9E6B32" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" box="[199,876,1770,1798]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFF3B2FA6FE936B30" bold="true" box="[199,353,1770,1796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54B4A7BEE846CD5FFE9B2FA7FE046B31" box="[359,502,1771,1797]" name="South Africa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(R.S.A.), East Africa (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54B4A7BEE846CD5FFD092FA7FC936B32" box="[757,865,1771,1798]" name="Tanzania" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="64B9B4A5E846CD5FFF3B2E43FF116B45" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2C1CE72EE846CD5FFF3B2E43FF116B45" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,1905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="1ED73B3CE846CD5FFF3B2E43FEBC6B1D" bold="true" box="[199,334,1807,1833]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name expresses great overall similarity of these apionines to the attelabid subfamily
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EBA39CADE846CD5FFAAA2E43FF016B79" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rhynchitinae">Rhynchitinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, to which they have been frequently assigned in some provisionally sorted museum collections. Gender neuter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |