391 lines
39 KiB
XML
391 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.53421" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62ebf072-3d21-48cf-91f3-f25b5a83697b" ID-PMC="PMC7410850" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-71-23" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8E50180F4871515AA7C2AB2EB0BA1197" ID-PubMed="32831551" ModsDocID="1314-4049-71-23" checkinTime="1596173315803" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Haelewaters, Danny & Kesel, Andre De" docDate="2020" docId="71A06F79F2385F259E2C3FDFDBCA0A74" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 71: 23-86" docOrigin="MycoKeys 71" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.53421" docTitle="Hesperomyces halyziae Haelew. & De Kesel 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="8E50180F4871515AA7C2AB2EB0BA1197" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="8E50180F4871515AA7C2AB2EB0BA1197" masterDocTitle="Checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov." masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668136520736" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Checklist of thallus-forming Laboulbeniomycetes from Belgium and the Netherlands, including Hesperomyces halyziae and Laboulbenia quarantenae spp. nov.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Haelewaters, Danny</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America & University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic & Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6424-0834</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">danny.haelewaters@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kesel, Andre De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-4637</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>MycoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>71</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>23</mods:start>
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<mods:end>86</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.53421</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.71.53421</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-71-23</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8E50180F4871515AA7C2AB2EB0BA1197</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="166017559" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:71A06F79F2385F259E2C3FDFDBCA0A74" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/71A06F79F2385F259E2C3FDFDBCA0A74" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="71A06F79-F238-5F25-9E2C-3FDFDBCA0A74" authority="Haelew. & De Kesel" authorityName="Haelew. & De Kesel" authorityYear="2020" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Hesperomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hesperomyces halyziae" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="halyziae" status="sp. nov.">Hesperomyces halyziae Haelew. & De Kesel</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="23">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Hesperomyces halyziae Haelew. & De Kesel from Halyzia sedecimguttata A mature thallus from slide D. Haelew. 955 a, holotype B mature thallus from slide BR 5020212156406 V. Scale bar: 100 µm." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.71.53421.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437753" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Referring to the host genus,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Halyzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halyzia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Halyzia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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Morphologically very similar to other taxa within
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sensu lato, but forming a distinct species supported by ITS data. The ITS sequence shares 95.8-97.9% identity with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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s.l. from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Harmonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harmonia axyridis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="axyridis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Harmonia axyridis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and 96.5-95.4% with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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s.l. from
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Adalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adalia bipunctata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipunctata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Adalia bipunctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="A. decempunctata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="decempunctata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">A. decempunctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Unique molecular synapomorphies in the ITS at positions 478, 517, 652.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Holotype</emphasis>
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: The Netherlands, Noord Brabant Province, Tilburg, nature reserve De Kaaistoep,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="51.5333333" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.533333">51.5333333N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.0166667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.016667">5.0166667E</geoCoordinate>
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, 11 Aug. 2015,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">leg.</emphasis>
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H. Spijkers & P. van Wielink, on female
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Halyzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halyzia sedecimguttata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Halyzia sedecimguttata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Linnaeus, 1758) (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" family="Coccinellidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Coccinellidae</taxonomicName>
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) (NNKN), slide D. Haelew. 955a (FH, 4 juvenile and 3 mature thalli, left elytron), reported as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thaxter" authorityYear="1891" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Hesperomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hesperomyces virescens" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="virescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Hesperomyces virescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation author="Haelewaters, D" editor="Peeters, T" journalOrPublisher="Verslag 2015, 21 e onderzoeksjaar. TWM Gronden BV, Tilburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="9 - 12" refId="B50" refString="Haelewaters, D, van Wielink, P, 2016. Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales) op een nieuwe gastheer. In: Peeters, T, Cramer, T, van Eck, A, Eds., Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep. Verslag 2015, 21e onderzoeksjaar. TWM Gronden BV, Tilburg: 9 - 12" title="Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales) op een nieuwe gastheer." volumeTitle="Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep." year="2016">Haelewaters and van Wielink (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Belgium, Province Vlaams-Brabant, Meise, Domein van Bouchout,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="50.927925" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="50.927925">50.927925N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.333069" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="4.333069">4.333069E</geoCoordinate>
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, 28 Mar. 2019,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">leg.</emphasis>
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C. Gerstmans, on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. sedecimguttata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. sedecimguttata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(BR, CG437-CG440), slides BR5020212155379V, BR5020212156406V, BR5020212157434V, and BR5020212158462V; reported as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thaxter" authorityYear="1891" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Hesperomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hesperomyces virescens" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="virescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Hesperomyces virescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sensu lato in
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<bibRefCitation author="De Kesel, A" journalOrPublisher="Sterbeeckia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 143" refId="B23" refString="De Kesel, A, Gerstmans, C, Haelewaters, D, 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143" title="Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium." volume="36" year="2020">De Kesel et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Ibid.</emphasis>
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, 1 Apr. 2019,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">leg.</emphasis>
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C. Gerstmans, on
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. sedecimguttata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. sedecimguttata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(BR, CG441-442), slides BR5020212159490V and BR5020212160236V; reported as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thaxter" authorityYear="1891" class="Laboulbeniomycetes" family="Laboulbeniaceae" genus="Hesperomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Hesperomyces virescens" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="virescens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Hesperomyces virescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sensu lato in
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<bibRefCitation author="De Kesel, A" journalOrPublisher="Sterbeeckia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 143" refId="B23" refString="De Kesel, A, Gerstmans, C, Haelewaters, D, 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143" title="Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium." volume="36" year="2020">De Kesel et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName genus="Thallus" lsidName="Thallus" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Thallus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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335-453
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long from foot to perithecial apex; colored yellow except for a somewhat darker region right above the foot.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cell I</emphasis>
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obtriangular, 2.0-2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than broad, broadening distally, with very oblique septum I-II.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cell II</emphasis>
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longer than broad, 23-28
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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16-21
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, subtrapezoidal in section.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cell III</emphasis>
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always smaller than
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<taxonomicName genus="Thallus" lsidName="cell" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cell">cell</taxonomicName>
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II, 14-20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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14-19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, with inflated dorsal
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<taxonomicName genus="Thallus" lsidName="cell" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cell">cell</taxonomicName>
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wall.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Primary appendage</emphasis>
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consisting of 4 superposed cells, 61-67
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long; in the same axis as cells I and III, separated from the latter by the constricted primary septum; its basal
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<taxonomicName genus="Thallus" lsidName="cell" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cell">cell</taxonomicName>
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somewhat longer than broad, longer than each of the remaining cells of the appendage; second to fourth cells carrying a single antherium externally, the fourth
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<taxonomicName genus="Thallus" lsidName="cell" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cell">cell</taxonomicName>
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also carrying a second upwardly directed antherium.
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<taxonomicName genus="Antheridia" lsidName="Antheridia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Antheridia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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flask-shaped, with slightly (dorsally and/or basally) curved efferent necks, the upper antheridium carrying at its dorsal side a pointed process, which represents the original ascospore apex.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Cell VI</emphasis>
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with subparallel margins to broadening distally, 33-70
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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23-33
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Perithecium</emphasis>
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194-291
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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62-86
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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(not including basal cells), symmetric or with the anterior margin convex and the posterior one almost straight or concave; broadest near the upper third, then gradually tapering towards the apex; apex complex with 2 short lower lobes, 2 upper (terminal) lobes, and 2 prominent lips surrounding the ostiole; lower lobes tapering to a rounded tip, the ventral lobe outwardly directed; terminal lobes unicellular, elongated, 29-42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in length, curved upwards and outwardly; ostiole with two lips, 25-29
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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in length, one lip triangular, the other slightly shorter, blunt or rounded, basally carrying the remainder of the trichogyne.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Ascospores</emphasis>
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70-85
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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long, with conspicuous slime sheath only surrounding the larger
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<taxonomicName genus="Antheridia" lsidName="cell" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="cell">cell</taxonomicName>
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.
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Material sequenced.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
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The Netherlands, Noord Brabant Province, Tilburg, nature reserve De Kaaistoep,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="51.5333333" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.533333">51.5333333N</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.0166667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.016667">5.0166667E</geoCoordinate>
|
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, 11 Aug. 2015,
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">leg.</emphasis>
|
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H. Spijkers & P. van Wielink, on female
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Halyzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halyzia sedecimguttata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Halyzia sedecimguttata</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1846" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
|
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1807" family="Coccinellidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="family">Coccinellidae</taxonomicName>
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) (NNKN), isolate D. Haelew. 955b (7 thalli, elytra, ITS: MG757813).
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Hosts and distribution.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
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On
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Halyzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halyzia sedecimguttata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Halyzia sedecimguttata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Belgium and the Netherlands. Previously reported as
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Haelewaters, D" editor="Peeters, T" journalOrPublisher="Verslag 2015, 21 e onderzoeksjaar. TWM Gronden BV, Tilburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="9 - 12" refId="B50" refString="Haelewaters, D, van Wielink, P, 2016. Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales) op een nieuwe gastheer. In: Peeters, T, Cramer, T, van Eck, A, Eds., Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep. Verslag 2015, 21e onderzoeksjaar. TWM Gronden BV, Tilburg: 9 - 12" title="Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales) op een nieuwe gastheer." volumeTitle="Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep." year="2016">Haelewaters and van Wielink 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9766-8" author="Haelewaters, D" journalOrPublisher="BioControl" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="355 - 371" refId="B53" refString="Haelewaters, D, Zhao, SY, Clusella-Trullas, S, Cottrell, TE, De Kesel, A, Fiedler, L, Herz, A, Hesketh, H, Hui, C, Kleespies, RG, Losey, JE, Minnaar, IA, Murray, KM, Nedved, O, Pfliegler, WP, Raak-van den Berg, CL, Riddick, EW, Shapiro-Ilan, DI, Smyth, RR, Steenberg, T, van Wielink, PS, Viglasova, S, Zhao, Z, Ceryngier, P, Roy, HE, 2017. Parasites of Harmonia axyridis: current research and perspectives. BioControl 62: 355 - 371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9766-8" title="Parasites of Harmonia axyridis: current research and perspectives." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9766-8" volume="62" year="2017">Haelewaters et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu lato (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="De Kesel, A" journalOrPublisher="Sterbeeckia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="3 - 143" refId="B23" refString="De Kesel, A, Gerstmans, C, Haelewaters, D, 2020. Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium. Sterbeeckia 36: 3 - 143" title="Catalogue of the Laboulbeniomycetes of Belgium." volume="36" year="2020">De Kesel et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). One unverified record is available from France (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Justamond, M" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" publicationUrl="https://www.flickr.com/photos/rock_wolf/49500355673/" refId="B58" refString="Justamond, M, 2019. Halyzia 16-guttata. https://www.flickr.com/photos/rock_wolf/49500355673/" title="Halyzia 16 - guttata." url="https://www.flickr.com/photos/rock_wolf/49500355673/" year="2019">Justamond 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="23" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Supported by multi-locus phylogenetic analyses and sequence-based species delimitation methods,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34319-5" author="Haelewaters, D" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B44" refString="Haelewaters, D, De Kesel, A, Pfister, DH, 2018. Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden species within a common fungal parasite of ladybirds. Scientific Reports 8: 15966. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34319-5" title="Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden species within a common fungal parasite of ladybirds. Scientific Reports 8: 15966." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34319-5" year="2018">Haelewaters et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thaxt. is a complex of multiple species, segregated by host. The authors proposed to "restrict
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto to those thalli found on
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Chilocorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chilocorus stigma" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stigma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Chilocorus stigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the host species on which the fungus was originally described" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/20020441" author="Thaxter, R" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="261 - 270" refId="B109" refString="Thaxter, R, 1891. Supplementary note on North American Laboulbeniaceae. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences 25: 261 - 270, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/20020441" title="Supplementary note on North American Laboulbeniaceae." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/20020441" volume="25" year="1891">Thaxter 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here, we included two isolates from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. stigma" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="stigma">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">C. stigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Say, 1835), and found the clade representative of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sensu stricto. Based on this analysis and previous work (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34319-5" author="Haelewaters, D" journalOrPublisher="Mycotaxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B44" refString="Haelewaters, D, De Kesel, A, Pfister, DH, 2018. Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden species within a common fungal parasite of ladybirds. Scientific Reports 8: 15966. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34319-5" title="Integrative taxonomy reveals hidden species within a common fungal parasite of ladybirds. Scientific Reports 8: 15966." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-34319-5" year="2018">Haelewaters et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we can start describing the individual clades as distinct species. A monographic work with formal descriptions for the seven other species within
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
s.l. is in preparation, but in the light of this checklist we decided to describe
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. halyziae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="halyziae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. halyziae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was only known from a single collection in the Netherlands until we recently collected it in Belgium (Mar.-Apr. 2019).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Haelewaters, D" editor="Peeters, T" journalOrPublisher="Verslag 2015, 21 e onderzoeksjaar. TWM Gronden BV, Tilburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="9 - 12" refId="B50" refString="Haelewaters, D, van Wielink, P, 2016. Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales) op een nieuwe gastheer. In: Peeters, T, Cramer, T, van Eck, A, Eds., Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep. Verslag 2015, 21e onderzoeksjaar. TWM Gronden BV, Tilburg: 9 - 12" title="Hesperomyces virescens (Laboulbeniales) op een nieuwe gastheer." volumeTitle="Natuurstudie in De Kaaistoep." year="2016">Haelewaters and van Wielink (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported an infected specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Halyzia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halyzia sedecimguttata" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Halyzia sedecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from nature reserve De Kaaistoep in the Netherlands. In 1997-2015, 476 individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. sedecimguttata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. sedecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected on a lighted white sheet and screened for presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="order">Laboulbeniales</taxonomicName>
|
||
, only resulting in one individual (parasite prevalence 0.2%). In Belgium, a population of infected
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. sedecimguttata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. sedecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found at the Meise Botanic Garden. Specimens were collected in spring 2019 while they were leaving their overwintering place-deep cracks in the woodwork of a small forest chapel. Screening of 46 specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. sedecimguttata" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="sedecimguttata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. sedecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
revealed nine infected ones (parasite prevalence 19.5%). This ladybird species seems to overwinter singly or in small congregations in narrow overwintering places, including in leaf litter, under foliage on stone walls, on trunks and branches (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Majerus, MEN" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Gazette" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="71 - 78" refId="B67" refString="Majerus, MEN, Williams, Z, 1989. The distribution and life history of the orange ladybird, Halyzia sedecimguttata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Britain. Entomologist's Gazette 40: 71 - 78" title="The distribution and life history of the orange ladybird, Halyzia sedecimguttata (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Britain." volume="40" year="1989">Majerus and Williams 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This congregation behavior is beneficial for transmission of the fungus and is also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Harmonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Harmonia axyridis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="axyridis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Harmonia axyridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9766-8" author="Haelewaters, D" journalOrPublisher="BioControl" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="355 - 371" refId="B53" refString="Haelewaters, D, Zhao, SY, Clusella-Trullas, S, Cottrell, TE, De Kesel, A, Fiedler, L, Herz, A, Hesketh, H, Hui, C, Kleespies, RG, Losey, JE, Minnaar, IA, Murray, KM, Nedved, O, Pfliegler, WP, Raak-van den Berg, CL, Riddick, EW, Shapiro-Ilan, DI, Smyth, RR, Steenberg, T, van Wielink, PS, Viglasova, S, Zhao, Z, Ceryngier, P, Roy, HE, 2017. Parasites of Harmonia axyridis: current research and perspectives. BioControl 62: 355 - 371, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9766-8" title="Parasites of Harmonia axyridis: current research and perspectives." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9766-8" volume="62" year="2017">Haelewaters et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Morphologically,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. halyziae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="halyziae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. halyziae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very similar to what we have thus far accepted as
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. virescens" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="virescens">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. virescens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Within the Kingdom
|
||
<taxonomicName kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="kingdom">Fungi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is an incredible diversity that cannot be perceived through morphology. Cryptic species are being uncovered in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="class">Agaricomycetes</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.10.019" author="Stefani, FOP" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="249 - 260" refId="B104" refString="Stefani, FOP, Jones, RH, May, TW, 2014. Concordance of seven gene genealogies compared to phenotypic data reveals multiple cryptic species in Australian dermocyboid Cortinarius (Agaricales). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 71: 249 - 260, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.10.019" title="Concordance of seven gene genealogies compared to phenotypic data reveals multiple cryptic species in Australian dermocyboid Cortinarius (Agaricales)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2013.10.019" volume="71" year="2014">Stefani et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2016.08.005" author="Sanchez-Garcia, M" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1540 - 1553" refId="B92" refString="Sanchez-Garcia, M, Henkel, TW, Aime, MC, Smith, ME, Matheny, PB, 2016. Guyanagarika, a new ectomycorrhizal genus of Agaricales from the Neotropics. Fungal Biology 120: 1540 - 1553, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2016.08.005" title="Guyanagarika, a new ectomycorrhizal genus of Agaricales from the Neotropics." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2016.08.005" volume="120" year="2016">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez-García">Sanchez-Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Lecanoromycetes" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="class">Lecanoromycetes</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124625" author="Singh, G" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" refId="B101" refString="Singh, G, Dal Grande, F, Divakar, PK, Otte, J, Leavitt, SD, Szczepanska, K, Crespo, A, Rico, VJ, Aptroot, A, da Silva Caceres, ME, Lumbsch, HT, Schmitt, I, 2015. Coalescentbased species delimitation approach uncovers high cryptic diversity in the cosmopolitan lichen-forming fungal genus Protoparmelia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota). PloS ONE 10: e0124625. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124625" title="Coalescentbased species delimitation approach uncovers high cryptic diversity in the cosmopolitan lichen-forming fungal genus Protoparmelia (Lecanorales, Ascomycota). PloS ONE 10: e 0124625." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124625" year="2015">Singh et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Leotiomyces (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3852/mycologia.100.1.47" author="Gruenig, CR" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="47 - 67" refId="B37" refString="Gruenig, CR, Duo, A, Sieber, TN, Holdenrieder, O, 2008. Assignment of species rank to six reproductively isolated cryptic species of the Phialocephala fortinii s.l.- Acephala applanata species complex. Mycologia 100: 47 - 67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3852/mycologia.100.1.47" title="Assignment of species rank to six reproductively isolated cryptic species of the Phialocephala fortinii s. l. - Acephala applanata species complex." url="https://doi.org/10.3852/mycologia.100.1.47" volume="100" year="2008">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Grünig">Gruenig</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pucciniomycetes" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="class">Pucciniomycetes</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3852/10-289" author="Bennett, C" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1004 - 1018" refId="B6" refString="Bennett, C, Aime, MC, Newcombe, G, 2011. Molecular and pathogenic variation within Melampsora on Salix in western North America reveals numerous cryptic species. Mycologia 103: 1004 - 1018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3852/10-289" title="Molecular and pathogenic variation within Melampsora on Salix in western North America reveals numerous cryptic species." url="https://doi.org/10.3852/10-289" volume="103" year="2011">Bennett et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Ustilaginomycetes" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="class">Ustilaginomycetes</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43549" author="Li, YM" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 13" refId="B64" refString="Li, YM, Shivas, RG, Cai, L, 2017. Cryptic diversity in Tranzscheliella spp. (Ustilaginales) is driven by host switches. Scientific Reports 7: 1 - 13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43549" title="Cryptic diversity in Tranzscheliella spp. (Ustilaginales) is driven by host switches." url="https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43549" volume="7" year="2017">Li et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and other major clades. And while the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="order">Laboulbeniales</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been the subject of a large-scale study to estimate the global species richness of the group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018318320019" author="Weir, A" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity and Conservation" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" pagination="701 - 719" refId="B125" refString="Weir, A, Hammond, PM, 1997. Laboulbeniales on beetles: host utilization patterns and species richness of the parasites. Biodiversity and Conservation 6: 701 - 719, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018318320019" title="Laboulbeniales on beetles: host utilization patterns and species richness of the parasites." url="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018318320019" volume="6" year="1997">Weir and Hammond 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), cryptic diversity was not part of the equation. In other words, the number of estimated species of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Laboulbeniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="order">Laboulbeniales</taxonomicName>
|
||
, between 15,000 and 75,000, is likely to be corrected to include cryptic species. We note that the recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="H. halyziae" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="halyziae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">H. halyziae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only possible through molecular data and host association. Our current understanding is that, within this species complex, there is a strict parasite-host association, with one parasite found only on one host. We think that this host specificity exists at the genus level, given the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Adalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Adalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">Adalia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade (Figure
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum clade creditability tree of Hesperomyces isolates reconstructed from an ITS dataset, with H. coleomegillae as outgroup. The topology is the result of Bayesian inference performed with BEAST. For each node, ML BS (≥ 65) and Bayesian pp (≥ 0.7) are presented above / below the branch leading to that node. Hesperomyces virescens sensu lato is highlighted with light gray shading, isolates are color-coded by host; H. virescens sensu stricto and H. halyziae sp. nov. are highlighted with dark gray shading." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.71.53421.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437751" pageId="0" pageNumber="23">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), which includes isolates from thalli removed from two host species within the same genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |