144 lines
15 KiB
XML
144 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="716C0F2FF5931E7B5E76D44F579C5B21" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax parapicalis Liebherr, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="FA8A66EB-7FD6-4D80-A801-1A16FF0B1D79" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="128" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853639" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FA8A66EB-7FD6-4D80-A801-1A16FF0B1D79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/716C0F2FF5931E7B5E76D44F579C5B21" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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<subSubSection pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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(050)
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FA8A66EB-7FD6-4D80-A801-1A16FF0B1D79" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax parapicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapicalis">Mecyclothorax parapicalis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="127" pageNumber="128">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 61I, 65D, 67
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="128" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="127" pageNumber="128">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="128" lastPageNumber="129" pageId="127" pageNumber="128">
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Like
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="127" pageNumber="128" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Mecyclothorax apicalis</taxonomicName>
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, but the body is broader at the elytral base, and the elytral lateral margins are slightly extended laterally behind the humeri, the humeral angle defined by a slight hitch at the base of the moderately broad lateral marginal depression (Fig. 65D). The microsculpture on the forebody is more transverse, with: 1, a
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<pageBreakToken pageId="128" pageNumber="129" start="start">shallow</pageBreakToken>
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transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–3×">-3x</normalizedToken>
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length on the vertex; 2, transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length, to transverse lines on the pronotal disc; and 3, evident isodiametric and transverse sculpticells over the pronotal median base. The male aedeagal median lobe exhibits a rhomboidal apex, with the apical and ventral margins meeting at an acute angle (Fig. 61I).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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Setal formula 2 1 2 0. Standardized body length-3.8-3.9 mm-is slightly smaller than that of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Mecyclothorax apicalis</taxonomicName>
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; length 4.0-4.2 for that species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="128" pageNumber="129">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="129" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="128" pageNumber="129">
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(n = 3). Head capsule with frontal grooves broad near clypeus, a broad lateral carina to anterior supraorbital seta; dorsal surface of neck flat to slightly concave; eyes moderately convex but covering much of ocular lobe, ocular ratio = 1.41-1.46, ocular lobe ratio = 0.82-0.84; labral anterior margin medially emarginate 1/6 of length; antennae submoniliform, antennomeres 2-3 with sparse pelage of short setae; mentum tooth with sides acute, apex tightly rounded. Pronotum transverse, MPW/PL = 1.28-1.36, broad basally, MPW/BPW = 1.41-1.45; hind angle slightly obtuse, margin rounded behind or not, lateral margin subparallel or slightly divergent immediately anterad angle; median base slightly depressed relative to disc, smoother medially, laterally punctate, longitudinal wrinkles lining juncture with disc; basal margin broadly, slightly convex between laterobasal depressions; median longitudinal impression very shallow, finely incised; anterior transverse impression deep, finely incised, shallower at midline; anterior callosity slightly convex, smooth, glossy; front angles slightly produced, tightly rounded; pronotal apical width slightly narrower than basal width, APW/BPW = 0.93-0.97; lateral marginal depression narrow throughout, edge beaded except where slightly broader at front angles; laterobasal depression broadly convex between median base and hind angle. Proepisternum with 5 minute punctures along hind marginal groove; prosternal process with narrow median impression, margins beaded between coxae. Elytra subquadrate, disc flat, sides distinctly sloped; basal groove distinctly recurved inside humeral angle; elytra broadest behind midlength and humeri extended laterally in concert with broad pronotal base, MEW/HuW = 1.95-2.0; parascutellar seta present; parascutellar striole with 5 punctures, shallow but continuous between punctures; sutural interval flat in basal half, progressively elevated along suture to apex; sutural and 2nd striae of subequal depth from base to apex; discal striae 1-4 smooth, shallow, striae 5-6 shallower, traceable, stria 7 absent; discal elytral intervals 2-6 only slightly convex to nearly flat on lateral intervals; 8th interval slightly more convex than apical fused portion of striae 5 + 7; 2 dorsal elytral setae at 0.32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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and 0.67
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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elytral length, setal impressions small, spanning
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<normalizedToken originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
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width of interval 3; apical and subapical setae absent; lateral elytral setae arranged in anterior series of 7 setae and posterior series of 6 setae; elytral marginal depression of moderate breadth at humerus, narrowed laterad posterior setal series, margin upturned except beaded at subapical sinuation; subapical sinuation shallow, more abruptly incurved anteriorly. Mesepisternum with ~6 punctures in 1-2 rows; metepisternal width to length ratio = 0.75; metepisternum/metepimeron suture distinct. Abdomen with irregular lateral wrinkles on ventrites 1-5, and lateral depressions on ventrites 3-6; suture between ventrites 2 and 3 reduced laterally, effaced; apical male ventrite with 2 marginal setae.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="129" pageNumber="130" start="start">Legs-metatarsomere</pageBreakToken>
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1/metatibial length ratio = 0.19; metatarsomere 4 length along outer lobe 1.33
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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medial tarsomere length, apical and subapical setae present; metatarsal dorsolateral sulci narrow, shallow, median area broad. Microsculpture of elytral disc consisting of distinct isodiametric and transverse sculpticells arranged in a mesh, elytral apex with transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length; metasternum with distinct transverse mesh; laterobasal abdominal ventrites with swirling isodiametric and transverse microsculpture. Coloration of vertex rufobrunneous; antennomeres 1-3 rufoflavous, 4-11 darker, brunneous; pronotal disc rufobrunneous with piceous cast, lateral margins, base, and apex narrowly rufobrunneous; proepipleuron rufoflavous, proepisternum rufobrunneous; elytral disc rufobrunneous with slightly metallic reflection, sutural interval concolorous basally, rufoflavous apically; intervals 7-8 inside humeral angle plus lateral marginal depression rufoflavous; elytral apex contrastedly flavous from apical terminus of interval 4; elytral epipleuron dorsally rufoflavous, ventrally rufobrunneous, metepisternum rufobrunneous; abdomen with ventrites 1-6 medially rufopiceous, ventrites 3-6 laterally rufoflavous, abdominal apical ventrite with apical 1/6 paler, flavous; metafemur flavous; metatibia flavous with brunneous cast.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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Male genitalia (n = 1). Aedeagal median lobe robust, distance between parameral articulation and tip 3.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 61I); apex trapezoidal, with flat apical face and angled ventral margin meeting at tightly rounded tip; internal sac with diffusely developed dorsal ostial microtrichial patch, flagellar plate short, length 0.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="130" pageNumber="131" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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Male (BPBM) labeled: HAWAII: E. Maui I: / Haleakala Nat. Park / Haleakala Crater / 2134 m 1.VIII.1973 /
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia nubigena" order="Poales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubigena">Deschampsia nubigena</taxonomicName>
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/ W.C.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
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Coll. / BISHOP Museum //
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName lsidName="parapicalis" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="parapicalis">parapicalis</taxonomicName>
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/ ♂ photo / det. J.K. Liebherr 2014 // HOLOTYPE /
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mecyclothorax</taxonomicName>
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/ parapicalus / Liebherr / det. J.K. Liebherr 2015 (black-margined red label).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Same data as holotype (BPBM, 1; CUIC, 1)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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The similarity of this species to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Mecyclothorax apicalis</taxonomicName>
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makes the species epithet
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<taxonomicName lsidName="parapicalis" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="parapicalis">parapicalis</taxonomicName>
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appropriate; the adjectival epithet meaning like
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<taxonomicName lsidName="apicalis" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="apicalis">apicalis</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="130" pageNumber="131" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="130" pageNumber="131">
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The distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax parapicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parapicalis">Mecyclothorax parapicalis</taxonomicName>
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is completing subsumed by that of the very similar appearing species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Mecyclothorax apicalis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 67). This species is known only from three specimens collected by Dr. Wayne
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gagné">Gagne</normalizedToken>
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in association with
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Deschampsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deschampsia nubigena" order="Poales" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nubigena">Deschampsia nubigena</taxonomicName>
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(hairgrass) in the vicinity of Holua Cabin. The specimens were collected during August, whereas all specimens of the closely related
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax apicalis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">Mecyclothorax apicalis</taxonomicName>
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have been collected in March, April, June, July, and October.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |